Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Use Of Mental Imagery Among Young Children In The Acquisition Of Piaget's Principles Of Conservation, Richard C. Sweetland

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study attempted to discover some parameters in terms of mental age at which young children, ages five through eight, begin to utilize effectively their mental imagery in the learning process. Using Piaget's principles of conservation as a learning task, subjects were taught in one of two groups: Group one was instructed in conservation concepts by use of concrete example, in which case they were allowed to see, handle and manipulate materials as they underwent transformations. Group two received identical instruction but were called upon to use their mental imagery to visualize the materials undergoing transformations.

Based upon the administration …

Development And Control Of Licking Behavior In The Guinea Pig (Cavia Porcellus), Jack R. Alvord

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four non-licking guinea pigs were reinforced with water for successive approximations to licking an operandum feeder. Once all subjects had obtained their total liquid intake for a three-week period by licking, an optimum deprivation schedule was determined.

Fixed ratio and variable interval schedules were found to affect licking behavior of the guinea pig in a similar way as with the rat, mean lick rate of guinea pigs being slightly lower than that of the rat. Precise control over the onset and offset of licking was demonstrated through discrimination training.

The Relationship Of Occupational Choice To Ego Identity And Self-Concepts, Norman D. Bell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study attempted to investigate the relationship of occupational choice to ego identity achievement, to self-concept, and to academic achievement, as these are related to Eric Erikson's contention that is adolescents' inability to settle on an occupational choice which disturbs them and results in a sense of identity diffusion (lack of solidified ideas of self, goals for life, and a need to seek external supports).

The sample consisted of 320 senior high school boys in the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades.

Variables considered included: level of vocational commitment; ego identity; self-regard, i.e., self-concept, self-acceptance, ideal self and adjustment (sum of …

A Comparison Of Mednick's Remote Associates Test And Pettigrew's Category-Width Test, John W. Sesney

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study was designed to examine the relationship between Mednick's Remote Associates Test and Pettigrew's Category-Width Test. The sample was made up of 36 educational psychology students enrolled in the Utah State Summer School.

The correlation for males and females was made independently. Although the males showed a higher correlation between the two tests than did the females (males, .296 and females, .058), the correlations were not statistically significant.

No full explanation was given for the lack of correlation between the category-width scores and the RAT scores except for the qualification that the RAT may be measuring a different …

Remedial Reading: Evaluation Of A Reading-And-Study Course With Implications For A College Reading Center, Antoine T. Powell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the method of teaching a "How to Study" class in helping students more adequately meet their reading needs.

Research was conducted to test the reading gains made by students in the program with respect to ability and group size. The results indicate that group size had the greatest effect as to changes in reading behavior.

Instruction was based on diagnosing student needs. It was shown that a significant number of students who decreased in rate of reading, increased in comprehension. The same diagnostic principle was observed for those …

The Relationship Of The Wechsler Preschool And Primary Scale Of Intelligence (Wppsi) To The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, Duane Reeder

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Correlational comparisons were made between the Stanford-Binet, Form L-M, and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence using children enrolled in a Head-Start program. The study was concerned with three hypotheses:

1.The correlations found between the I.Q. scores obtained on the WPPSI full scale, verbal, and performance scales and those obtained on the Stanford-Binet using Head-Start children as subjects would be significant at the .01 level.

2. The correlation between the WPPSI and the Stanford-Binet utilizing Head-Start children would not be significantly different from the correlation reported by Wechsler in the WPPSI manual.

3. Scores on the WPPSI verbal …

Student Achievement Effort As Related To Achievement And Self Concept, Michael Lynn Maughan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to investigate more completely the variable of achievement effort (effort in school) as related to self rating, teacher rating, student self concept, actual achievement, and sex differences.

A group of 198 sixth grade students were used as the experimental subjects. Five sets of data were obtained on the students: (a) students' self ratings on an achievement effort rating scale, (b) teachers' ratings of their students on the same achievement effort rating scale, (c) students' scores on a self concept scale, (d) students' performances on an achievement test, and (e) students' performances on an intelligence test. Partial …

Child's Perception Of Parental Attitude And Its Relationship To Academic Achievement And Problem Awareness, Mohammed K. Fazel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was aimed at finding relationships between the triad of academic achievement, child's perception of parental attitude, and his problem awareness. The study was designed with reference to three postulates of phenomenological psychology. (a) The perceptual field of an individual at any moment determines his behavior of the moment. (b) The term phenomenal self is formed by the individual's interaction with others. (c) The basic need of the organism is the maintenance and actualization of the self.

A survey of the literature tended to support the thesis that there was a positive relationship between educational achievement and parental acceptance. …

The Open-Closed Cognitive Dimension And Divergent-Convergent Abilities, Michael J. Uhes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationship between level of dogmatism and divergent-convergent abilities was investigated in a sample of high school subjects.

Rokeach's Dogmatism Scale, Form E, and tests of divergent and convergent ability were administered to all subjects. On the basis of their performance on the Dogmatism Scale, three experimental groups were formed: high, medium, and low dogmatics.

An analysis of the data showed dogmatism to be negatively correlated with originality, flexibility, composite divergent and composite convergent scores. Fluency was the only ability not negatively correlated with dogmatism. High dogmatic subjects performed convergent operations better than they performed divergent operations, while low dogmatic …

Personality Differences And Atypical Vocational Choices By Women, Vicky D. Burgess

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare some of the personality characteristics of junior high school students as they related to the students' later vocational choices. More specifically selected personality characteristics observed in girls who later made typical or atypical vocational selection were compared. Both typical and atypical girls were also compared to boys on these selected personality characteristics.

Tests used in this study to measure cognitive need and flexibility were Anderson Self-Reporting Need Achievement Questionnaire, Berlak School Work Habit Questionnaire and Resnick Self-Reporting Need Cognition Questionnaire. Tests used to measure social attitudes and ideology were "Have"--"Have …

The Effects Of Confirmation And Disconfirmation Of The Self-Concept On Task Performance Under Two Test Conditions, Richard Craig Steele

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Discriminated Stimuli On Temporal Responding In A Free-Operant Discriminated Avoidance Procedure, Darrel Elmer Bostow

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of A Controlled Eating And Drinking History On The Development Of Schedule-Induced Polydipsia, Norman Hymowitz

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Two Indices Of Aggression: Aggressive Fantasy And Change In Pupil Size, Filipinas S. Tinio

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Preparation And Properties Of 2, 3, 4, 6-Tetramethoxybenzotropylium Perchlorate Salts, Robert E. Suder

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Validation Of Tests Used To Select Secretarial And Clerical Employees At Western Michigan University, James Benjamin Stephens

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Differences Between Expressed And Measured Interests As Related To Personality And Intelligence, Dean R. Lee

Psychology ETDs

Previous research investigating the relationship between measured interests and expressed interests have reported correlation coefficients ranging from low negative values to +. 99. The present study was an attempt to discover the characteristics that distinguish those people who can accurately estimate their interests from those who cannot. It was hypothesized that the level of awareness index, as shown by differences between expressed and measured interests, would be higher for people with certain personality or intellectual characteristics or both and lower for people characterized by other personality or intellectual characteristics or both. The subjects for the study were 70 male and …

An Attempt To Develop A Model As A Secondary Reinforcer And Elicitor By Observational Learning, John William Pangburn

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Application Of Delayed Conditioning Procedures To The Behavior Problems Of An Elementary School Child, Michael L. Schwarz

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Thermoregulation In A Cold Environment: Effects Of Body Weight, Roger A. Kleinman

Masters Theses

The present experiment, then, was conducted to ascertain the role of body weight in the physiological and behavioral adjustment to cold. Specifically, it was hypothesized that animals which gained weight after periodic exposure to cold would show a decreased temperature loss as well as less lever-pressing behavior for infra-red heat reinforcement than animals which were maintained at their pre-experimental weight level.

Role Of Feedback Stimuli In Response Discrimination And Differentiation, Edard J. Rickert

Psychology ETDs

Two experiments were performed to assess two roles commonly assigned response-produced (feedback) stimuli in learning theories by comparing the behavioral outcomes of these inferred events against a known property of external stimuli. The particular property chosen was transfer of discrimination because of its consistency and generality.

The first experiment was designed to determine whether feedback produced by preceding behavior guides ensuing behavior by facilitating transfer in much the same way as environmentally-produced stimuli. By contrast, the second experiment investigated the role of feedback in response differentiation; it attempted to determine whether rats can utilize feedback from concurrent responding to mediate …

Practice And Transfer On A Varied Choice Psychological Refractory Phase, Victor Bogo

Psychology ETDs

The practice and transfer effects were investigated for the 2–, 4–, and 6– -choice psychological refractory phase (PRP) which was equivalent too low, intermediate and high levels of complexity, respectively. Four subjects (Ss) in each condition were practiced for fifteen ten-minute sessions (days), until all groups leveled off. Two hypotheses are tested: (a) practice effects would be significant; (b) greater transfer would occur from a higher level of complexity. Also, the empirical observation that practice effects would be differential for the three choice groups was tested. The first hypothesis was confirmed. However, transfer in the second hypothesis was greater from …

Personality Patterns Among Freshman Members Of The Virginia General Assembly: A Testing Of The James Barber Typology, Sue Crutchlow Whitley

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Characteristic Pattern Of Attitudes Of Petty Offenders And Men On Relief As Revealed By Tat Story Sequence Analysis, Patricia Diane Dore

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Cognitive Correlates Of Body Image In College Students, Richard G. Doiron

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Color Preferences Related To The Personality Variables Of N Intraception And N Achievement, Mary Anne Safely Kelbley

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Loyola Seminarian Sentence Completion Test A Validation Study, Edward Patrick Sheridan

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Evaluative And Emotional Factors In Learning A Foreign Language, Yves Begin

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Adventitious Reinforcement In Operant Discrimination, Alan Kamil, John W. Davenport

Avian Cognition Papers

Rats were trained in 2 S^D-S^Δ discrimination experiments in which the effects of an S^D-postponement contingency during S^Δ and temporal regularity of S^Δ duration were assessed. Experiment I showed that discrimination is markedly facilitated by the presence of an S^D-postponement contingency of either fixed or variable duration. Experiment II showed that variable-duration S^Δ periods in a noncontingent schedule can also greatly enhance formation of an operant discrimination. These effects were attributed to differences in the probability of adventitious reinforcement of S^Δ behavior by S^D events.

Expectancy Level Among Educable And Trainable Retardates, Ann H. Mcintyre

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.