Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Racial, Ethnic, And Urban/Rural Differences In Transitions Into Diabetes: Evidence From The Health And Retirement Survey Biomarker And Self-Reported Data, Hyeran Chung, Mary Arends-Kuenning

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

We examine differences in transitions between stages of type 2 diabetes across racial, ethnic, and urban/rural statuses. The individual-level data from the 2006 to 2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) and county-level data from the 1990-2000 U.S. Censuses, the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care, and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research are used to analyze the transition from the stage of prediabetic to diabetic, and the transition from having no diabetes to being prediabetic and diabetic. The HRS includes both biomarker data and self- reported doctors’ diagnoses of diabetes, which allow us to identify people …

Exploring Rural-Urban Differences In Polygenic Associations For Health Among Older Adults In The United States, Trent Davidson, Jason D. Boardman, Lori M. Hunter

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

A complex combination of genes and environment influence health and, as a result, both genes and environment can play a role in shaping health disparities. We consider distinctions in these influences across rural and urban settings, expanding upon work that shows lower genetic associations in rural compared to urban places by studying an older age group and examining more than the typical outcomes of alcohol/substance abuse. Using a sample of 14,994 adults from the 1992 through 2016 waves of the Health andRetirement Study, our results suggest genetic associations for BMI and heart conditions are significantly lower in rural compared to …

Socio-Spatial Disparities In County-Level Availability Of Aging And Disability Services Organizations, Claire Pendergrast, Danielle Rhubart

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Aging and disability services are essential for supporting older adults in living independently in their homes and communities as they age. Applying theoretical perspectives of community gerontology and spatial inequality, we use county-level data (N=3142) from the National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA) and the American Community Survey to explore if and how availability of aging and disability services organizations varies across the rural-urban continuum and across compositional characteristics of counties. Results show that rural counties are significantly more likely to be aging and disability services deserts. Stratified models show that poverty rates and relative shares of non-Hispanic Blacks are positively …

Support From Adult Children And Parental Health In Rural America, Shelley Clark, Elizabeth M. Lawrence, Shannon M. Monnat

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Adult children are a primary source of care for their aging parents. Parents in rural areas, however, live further from their adult children than parents in urban areas, potentially limiting the support they receive and compromising their health and ability to age in place. We use two waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (2013 and 2017) to investigate the relationships among geographic proximity, adult children’s instrumental and financial support, and parental health. Rural parents live further from their adult children and receive less financial support, but they are more likely to receive instrumental assistance. In addition, rural parents …

Rural Population Health And Aging: Introduction To The Special Issue, John J. Green, Shannon M. Monnat, Leif Jensen, Lori Hunter, Martin Sliwinski

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

This special issue of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences (JRSS) focuses on rural population health and aging. It showcases the work of scholars from several backgrounds and social science disciplines to advance knowledge in a critical field of investigation. Assembled through an open call for submissions coordinated through the National Institute on Aging (NIA) funded Interdisciplinary Network on Rural Population Health and Aging (INRPHA), the collection of articles helps inform a more nuanced understanding of the factors associated with rural places, which often have different health outcomes and aging patterns than their urban counterparts. The authors achieve this through …

Clinical Geography: A Commentary Response, Jessica M. Finlay, Graham D. Rowles

Graduate Center for Gerontology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Research-To-Practice, Prevention Innovations Winter Newsletter, Prevention Innovations Research Center

PIRC Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Digital Sabbath And The Digital Distraction: Arts-Based Research Methods For New Audiences, Lisa F. Paris, Julia Morris, John Bailey

The Qualitative Report

Despite the known affordances of Arts-Based Research Practice within the international education environment, its use remains relatively uncommon in Western Australia. The reasons for this are likely the contested nature of quality criteria by which Arts-Based Practice is evaluated as well as the challenges as well associated with the dissemination of research findings. Mixed-methods research is increasingly recognised as an appropriate and practical approach for education phenomena, and within this domain, inquiry that combines traditional qualitative and arts-based strategies offers the education researcher advantages that are not readily available through other approaches. As professional artists and researchers we share our …

Individual, Social And Institutional Vulnerabilities In The Premature Infant Care At Home, Claudia Silveira Viera Ms, Leticia Pancieri Ms, Rosane Meire Munhak Da Silva Ms, Monika Wernet Ms, Maria Aparecida Munhoz Gaiva Ms, Debora Falleiros De Mello Ms

The Qualitative Report

The prematurity carries some difficulties for families during the preterm infant hospitalization, as well as, after hospital discharge. In this context, is required a specific knowledge about the preterm biological characteristics, family’s life conditions, health care, and social context. This study aims to analyze parent’s experiences on daily home care for preterm infants focusing on individual, social and institutional vulnerabilities. Descriptive qualitative study was developed through the hermeneutic perspective approach, in South of Brazil with six families, who had babies discharged from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Non-structured interviews were recorded in the home visit with 12 participants (parents) and genogram …

The Increasing Latino Vote In Massachusetts: Results From The 2020 Presidential Election, Phillip Granberry, Luis F. Jiménez

Gastón Institute Publications

During the early 21st century, Latinos have grown as a part of the Massachusetts population. To a considerable extent, this growth is reflected in Latinos’ political participation, as shown by voting statistics. For example, the number of Latinos voting in presidential elections rose from 51,000 in 2000 to 227,000 in 2020, a remarkable increase of 345%. Similarly, the percentage of votes for president that were cast by Latinos rose from 1.8% in 2000 to 7.0% in 2020. However, Latino voting is still not fully proportionate to Latinos’ share of the statewide population. Both of these phenomena – the growth of …

Rural Working-Age Adults Report Worse Health Than Their Urban Peers, Shannon M. Monnat, Danielle Rhubart

Population Health Research Brief Series

Self-rated health is considered a strong predictor of chronic disease risk and premature mortality. This brief analyzes data from the National Wellbeing Survey (NWS), a sample of approximately 4,000 U.S. working-aged adults (ages 18-64) conducted in Feb-March 2021 to examine differences in self-rated physical health among residents of large urban counties (counties in a metro area of 1+ million people), medium/small urban counties, rural counties that neighbor a metro area (metro-adjacent), and rural counties that do not neighbor a metro area (remote rural). Results show higher shares of poor/fair self-rated health among residents of rural and small urban counties than …

Race And Ethnic Group Dependent Space Radiation Cancer Risk Predictions, Francis A. Cucinotta, Premkumar B. Saganti

Health Physics & Diagnostic Sciences Faculty Research

Future space missions by national space agencies and private industry, including space tourism, will include a diverse makeup of crewmembers with extensive variability in age, sex, and race or ethnic groups. The relative risk (RR) model is used to transfer epidemiology data between populations to estimate radiation risks. In the RR model cancer risk is assumed to be proportional to background cancer rates and limited by other causes of death, which are dependent on genetic, environmental and dietary factors that are population dependent. Here we apply the NSCR-2020 model to make the first predictions of age dependent space radiation cancer …

Umaine Office For Diversity And Inclusion_Black History Is American History Email, Anila Karunakar, University Of Maine Office For Diversity And Inclusion

Social Justice: Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion

Email from the UMaine Office for Diversity and Inclusion with various details of the Office's work and Black History Month.

Choosing To Thrive: An Autoethnographic Journey Of Cancer, Companionship, And Carrots, Bruce Lilyea

The Qualitative Report

In this autoethnography, I explore the companionship experience of someone supporting a cancer patient who is endeavoring to thrive in the face of this disease. A wide range of studies has been conducted on the emotional and social issues relating to cancer and specifically to breast cancer. Appropriately, most of the research relating to the personal narrative focuses on the stories of the person who has been diagnosed with cancer, and limited research has highlighted the perspective and experiences of their companions. My primary goals for this autoethnographic research are to: (1) Begin to answer the question: What role do …

African-American Lay Pastoral Care Facilitators’ Perspectives On Dementia Caregiver Education And Training, Nik M. Lampe, Nidhi Desai, Tomeka Norton-Brown, Alexandra C. H. Nowakowski, Robert L. Glueckauf

The Qualitative Report

The African-American Alzheimer’s Caregiver Training and Support Project 2 (ACTS 2) is a faith-integrated, skills-training and support program for distressed African American family caregivers of persons living with dementia across Florida. Caregivers participate in a 12-week, telephone-based, skills-building and support program led by faith community workers (i.e., lay pastoral care facilitators) who provide volunteer services to their denominations. In this case study, we examined facilitators’ perspectives and recommendations for supplementary audiovisual and written training materials to optimize group process and goal-setting skills. Utilizing a qualitative approach, we explored facilitators’ needs, experiences in using current training materials, and recommendations for supplementary …

A Father’S Death: The Therapeutic Power Of Autoethnography, Dwayne Custer

The Qualitative Report

Autoethnography is a transformative qualitative research method that has the power to heal self and society after traumatic events (personal and collective). It is a bridge between the subjective inner world of spirit and memory with the outer world of objectivity and culture. Autoethnography is a powerful tool for manifesting change in the world. In this paper, I will address autoethnography as a transformative methodology in relationship to my father’s death when I was a young child, demonstrate the therapeutic aspects of personal narrative, and quickly address some of the ethical challenges with the process.

Life Story Interviewing As A Method To Co-Construct Narratives About Resilience, Laura D. Russell

The Qualitative Report

Human life presents many unplanned twists and turns. No one escapes this world without facing adversity of some kind. Therefore, the value in teaching and researching resilience cannot be overstated. This research explores how life story interviewing with interactive methods (also referred to as “elicitation techniques”) provides an invaluable approach to investigating and understanding resilience. Specifically, a stepwise framework is offered for researching resilience as a co-constructed, relational phenomenon. Upon applying this framework through teaching an undergraduate senior seminar, I offer thematic observations of my students’ interviewing experiences to show how life storytelling promotes (a) embodied understandings of resilience, (b) …

Nasiriddin Tusi’S Work “Tajrid Alkalam” And Commentaries On It, Jahongir Tohirov

The Light of Islam

Tajrid al-kalam differs from other theological works with its small form. It attracted the attention of many commentators in a short period after Nasiruddin Tusi’s death. The 60-page commentary of Ali Kushchi on the Tajrid, written almost 200 years later (1420), is over 400 pages. The article provides information about manuscripts and published versions of Tajrid and its Sharhs, Hashiyas, Ta’liqats, and their features. We can witness the value of some of the Sharhs and Hashiyas in the manuscript when we refer to it. Information about these versions shows that, to date, four copies of Tajrid have reached us. Two …

Book Reviews

Great Plains Sociologist

Geoffrey W. Grant
Crime in Biological, Social, and Moral Contexts
Lee Ellis and Harry Hoffnan (Eds.)

Thomas C. Langham
Sociological Practice: Community Development and Other Community Applications, Volume 8
Alvin S. Lackey (Ed.)

Jerome R. Rosonke
Mirrors of Madness: Patrolling the Psychic Border
Bruce Luske

Kathleen A. Tiemann
Social Control and Deviance: A Critical Approach
Nanette J. Davis and Clarice Stasz

Harry Hoffman
Can Modernity Survive?
Agnes Heller

Janet Kelly Moen
Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques
Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin

Patricia Ann Wasely Lomir
The Sociology of Gender
Laura Kramer (Ed.)

John Flanagin
Maiginal …

Trend Analysis Of Rural Underemployment: An Example From North Dakota, Curtis W. Stofferahn, Cordell A. Fontaine, Lonny A. Borgerson

Great Plains Sociologist

The unemployment rate continues to be the major criterion used in selecting counties for special economic assistance. But the official unemployment rate is not a valid measure of either the quality or quantity of the rural labor force. The continued use of the official unemployment measure leaves rural areas at a disadvantage compared to urban areas in the distribution of economic development assistance. Home, et al. (1974) found that selecting counties on the basis of unemployment omitted many countieswith both the greatest labor potential and economic need for expanded industrialization. They found that under-employment was a much better indicator of …

Recent Changes In Hutterite Colony Expansion, William L. Smith

Great Plains Sociologist

Two thirds of present day Hutterians reside in the following four Canadian provinces: Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and British,Columbia.- The remaining one third have settled m five northern states of the U.SA.: South Dakota, Montana, North Dakota, Washington, and Minnesota. The number of Hutterites vary according to the sources quoted but the best current estimates indicate that there are approximately between 33,309 (Anderson, 1989) and 32,850 (Raber, 1987:55) as compared to 21,521 in 1974 (Hosteller, 1974) and 16,931 listed in a 1969 census of Hutterite members (Friedmann, 1970:101) and 16,500 in 1965 (Hostetler and Huntington, 1980:1).

Assessing The Myth: A Study Of Eligible Athletes' Grade Point Averages, Dave Vilhauer, Jerome Rosonke

Great Plains Sociologist

There is a common notion that athletes are not highly intelligent. For instance, the label "dumb jock" is often applied to an athletic competitor, and the phrase "big like-tractor, dumb like tractor" has been used to describe linemen in football. There is little question about society's view of athletes, however what is debatable is just how valid these stereotypes are. This research project is a study of athletes during a one-year period at Northern State University in Aberdeen, S.D. (hereafter referred to as NSU). The institution of higher learning is located in the upper midwest in an agricultural environment, with …

The Effects Of Nonmetropolitan Net Migration Rates On Selected Demographic And Economic Characteristics, A. Olu Oyinlade, Linda L. Bear

Great Plains Sociologist

This study focused on the effects of net migration on employment in the non-metropolitan sectors of the Agricultural Western Plains Division of the West North Central Region between 1970 and 1980. The states that constituted the division are North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska and Kansas.

An Application Of The Massacre Model To A 700 Year Old Mystery, Larry Zimmerman, James R. Stewart

Great Plains Sociologist

During the 1978 field season, the University of South Dakota's Archaeological Laboratory was contracted by the Corpsof Engineers, Omaha District, to remove what were thought at that time to be several burials from the end of the fortification ditch. The steep-sided area had been made unstable by a looter's hole. As a consequence of stepping-back the excavations so that the area could be stabilized, the remains of nearly 500 people in one large bone pile were exposed. Paramortem paleopathology of the massacre victims (Zimmerman, Gregg and Gregg 1981) indicated that every individual had been badly mutilated and many had been …

Gender And Perceived Severity Of Informal Sanctions: A Case Study Of Convicted Dui Offenders In Cass County, North Dakota, Terry D. Stratton, James H. Larson

Great Plains Sociologist

The use of informal sanctions as deterrents to socially undesirable behavior is not new. Particularly at a time when individuals (especially public figures) are subject to growing scrutinization, the breadth of public censure is expanding to envelop a seemingly wider array of moral and legal violations. Minor law-breakers, too, are being made increasingly aware of the public's social monitoring role a role which functions as a dynamic reference point by which individuals, on the basis of certain actions, are deemed to be "deviant" or "respectable" (Douglas, 1970). "What is relatively new, however, is the "formalization of the informal sanction"; that …

Front Matter, Clifford L. Staples

Great Plains Sociologist

Front Matter

Sociodemographic, Personal, Peer, And Familial Predictors Of E-Cigarette Ever Use In Espad Ireland: A Forward Stepwise Logistic Regression Model, Joan Hanafin, Salome Sunday, Luke Clancy

Articles

Introduction:
E-cigarette ever use has risen significantly in recent years in Ireland, similar to trends elsewhere in Europe, the United States, and Asia-Pacific region. Results from ESPAD Ireland (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs) show teenage e-cigarette ever use increased from 18% (2015) to 37% (2019). Given this increase, our aim is to profile e-cigarette ever users and never users in this age group; to examine sociodemographic, personal, peer, and familial factors associated with e-cigarette ever use; and to suggest appropriate measures to reduce use.

Methods:
A nationally representative stratified random sample of 50 ESPAD schools was …

Violent Victimization Among Immigrants: Using The National Violent Death Reporting System To Examine Foreign-Born Homicide Victimization In The United States, Kayla R. Freemon, Melissa A. Gutierrez, Jessica Huff, Hyunjung Cheon, David Choate, Taylor Cox, Charles M. Katz

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Limited research attention has focused on homicides involving foreign-born victims. Using data from the National Violent Death Reporting System, we examined 9428 homicides that occurred in 2017 in the United States across 32 states and D.C. Approximately 8% of homicide victims were foreign-born. Homicide victimization rates were substantially lower for foreign-born persons, compared to U.S.-born persons. However, foreign-born persons from Honduras, El Salvador, and Jamaica had a substantially higher risk of homicide victimization. Notably, few homicides involving foreign-born victims were gang- or drug-trade-related. With the growing number of immigrants in the United States, policy and prevention efforts should be guided …

Free Trade Or Managed Trade: Implications For North Dakota Farmers, Curtis W. Stofferahn

Great Plains Sociologist

Agricultural trade conflicts have escalated as major western economies have begun to subsidize their farm exports in an effort to gain or retain market shares. At the heart of this agricultural trade conflict is the escalating subsidies race between the United States and the European Economic Community. Total US farm exports soared in just ten years (1971-1981) from $8billion to $45 billion (Figure 1). Since then they fell dramatically to $28 billion in 1986. Simultaneously, the Economic Community expanded its value of agricultural export trade from $5 billion dollars in 1971to $28billion in 1981. By 1986, the EEC value of …

Affordable Rural Coalitions For Health (Arch): An Application Of Sociology, Richard L. Ludtke, Kazi Ahmed, Jack M. Geller

Great Plains Sociologist

The rural context for health care systems has been experiencing substantial stress in recent times. The population, from which providers must obtain patients, is no longer growing as it had during the 1970s, but rather is likely to be either stable or decline where agriculture or energy are the primary economic sectors (Agresta, 1985, Johnson, 1989). Accompanying depopulation, in farming and energy producing communities an economic stagnation or depression has also been occurring. Both the loss of population base and restricted economies serve to limit patient use of clinics and hospitals, reducing their revenues and contributing to a further limitation …