Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Criminogenic Effects Of Damaging Criminal Law’S Moral Credibility, Paul H. Robinson, Lindsay Holcomb

All Faculty Scholarship

The criminal justice system’s reputation with the community can have a significant effect on the extent to which people are willing to comply with its demands and internalize its norms. In the context of criminal law, the empirical studies suggest that ordinary people expect the criminal justice system to do justice and avoid injustice, as they perceive it – what has been called “empirical desert” to distinguish it from the “deontological desert” of moral philosophers. The empirical studies and many real-world natural experiments suggest that a criminal justice system that regularly deviates from empirical desert loses moral credibility and thereby …

Midwestern Communities’ Reaction To The 1940s And 1950s Polio Epidemics, Lauren Mcdonald

Departmental Honors Projects

The 1940s and 50s’ polio epidemics resulted in the illness, death, and paralysis of thousands of children throughout the United States. Unlike other illnesses spread by poor sanitation which usually affected the lower classes, polio cases were far more prevalent among the middle class. Middle class neighborhoods’ conditions did not allow for natural immunity in early childhood. Prior research explored the urban and suburban middle class families in highly infected states like New York. However, the experiences of Midwesterners were largely ignored. In crowded city neighborhoods, polio could spread rapidly in a short period of time and then die down …

Revisiting The Complexity Of Racial Understandings And Subjective Experiences Of Race Among Students Of Color In Stem Higher Education: Toward A Racial Reappraisal Framework, Elvira Abrica

Department of Educational Administration: Faculty Publications

Despite significant investment in expanding post-secondary access and success for racially minori­tized populations within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, persistent educational disparities remain. While the literature has importantly identified and described the myri­ad ways in which students of color experience exclusion within STEM fields on the basis of race (and, perhaps, other social identity statuses), this area of scholarship is not always theoretically grounded in an understanding of racial hierarchies, processes of racialization, or theories of race and racism. That is, despite the abundant literature on students of color in STEM, there is comparatively limited theo­retical attention to …

Stories Of Teaching On A Conceal And Carry Stage: A Dramaturgical Narrative Inquiry, Christopher J. Miller

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The story of a mass shooting occurring on the place of school seems to be a common one in contemporary American cultural narrative. One of the more controversial solutions offered within this narrative is allowing citizens to protect themselves through the practice of conceal and carry. The practice of legally allowing individuals to conceal and carry a firearm while at the place of school and in the place of class is at the cornerstone of this research inquiry.

This qualitative research study employs a dramaturgical narrative approach to explore the daily lives of full-time community college faculty members. In figuratively …

The Association Between Maternal Attachment Quality And Symptoms Of Anxiety In Mexican American Adolescents, Kathryn Joy Steininger

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Hispanic youth have been recognized as a large population struggling with mental illness. There has been little investigation surrounding the relationship between Hispanic adolescents and anxious tendencies, despite being the second highest population experiencing symptoms. The current study aims to explain the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety in Mexican American adolescents by examining maternal attachment quality. Data from a sample of 432 Mexican American adolescents from the ages of 13 to 21 was analyzed to determine the relationship between maternal attachment quality and symptoms of anxiety. Adolescents demonstrated greater symptoms of anxiety when they had lower maternal attachment quality. After …

African American Males Of Men Of Vision: A Case Study Of Self-Efficacy, A Sense Of Belonging, And Their Perception Of Community College, Jorge Theotis Tennin

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This qualitative case study explored self-efficacy and sense of belonging among African American males who participated in Men of Vision and their perception of community college. Ten students of the community college participated in the study through individual, in-depth interviews with the participants addressing three primary research questions: 1) How did being a member of an organization change your perception of higher education, specifically community colleges? 2) How did Men of Vision help you gain a sense of belonging on a college campus? 3) What did you learn about yourself while being a member of Men of Vision? The focus …

Testing The Drosophila Maternal Haploid Gene For Functional Divergence And A Role In Hybrid Incompatibility, Dean M. Castillo, Benjamin Mccormick, Connor M. Kean, Sahana Natesan, Daniel A. Barbash

Nebraska Extension: Faculty and Staff Publications

Crosses between Drosophila simulans females and Drosophila melanogaster males produce viable F1 sons and poorly viable F1 daughters. Unlike most hybrid incompatibilities, this hybrid incompatibility violates Haldane’s rule, the observation that incompatibilities preferentially affect the heterogametic sex. Furthermore, it has a different genetic basis than hybrid lethality in the reciprocal cross, with the causal allele in Drosophila melanogaster being a large species-specific block of complex satellite DNA on its X chromosome known as the 359-bp satellite, rather than a protein-coding locus. The causal allele(s) in Drosophila simulans are unknown but likely involve maternally expressed genes or factors since the F1 …

Incorporating Chokeberry (Aronia) Into A Home Landscape, Claude J. Jean, Paul E. Read, Ellen T. Paparozzi

Nebraska Extension: Faculty and Staff Publications

Chokeberry (Aronia) is an ornamental plant that has found use in the home landscape, providing colorful displays and annually producing berries for the enjoyment of the homeowner and wildlife alike. With careful placement, this durable plant needs minimal care and has few pest problems. It is gaining attention for its timeless beauty.

Preserving The Truth_Editors Preface, Julene L. Jones, Cherie Kropp

Library Faculty and Staff Publications

Written as an editors preface to "Preserving the Truth" by Cherie Kropp-Ehrig, for which I was a co-editor. This preface was ultimately not included in the published monograph.

Online Discussion Forum And Pre-Migration Information Seeking: An Affordance Perspective, Daniel Gulanowski, Luciara Nardon, Michael J. Hine

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Potential immigrants increasingly rely on online technologies to access needed information as they have limited access to offline sources of information at the pre-arrival stage. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of online discussion forums in facilitating potential immigrants’ access to relevant information about the host country labor market. This paper draws on extant literature on computer-mediated communication and a qualitative content analysis of 363 forum discussions to explore the phenomenon of increased use of online forums by prospective immigrants to Canada to access relevant labor market information. We draw on existing concepts of technology affordances …

ความยากจนในผู้สูงอายุไทย: การเปลี่ยนแปลงและปัจจัยเสี่ยง, สุพนิดา จิระสินวรรธนะ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความยากจนของผู้สูงอายุไทยและปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของผู้สูงอายุไทยในปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 โดยใช้ข้อมูลจากการสำรวจประชากรสูงอายุในประเทศไทยปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 และศึกษาความยากจนของครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยและปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยในปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 โดยใช้ข้อมูลจากการสำรวจภาวะเศรษฐกิจและสังคมของครัวเรือนปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 ของสำนักงานสถิติแห่งชาติ ผลการศึกษาเปรียบเทียบความยากจนของผู้สูงอายุไทยระหว่างปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 พบว่าสัดส่วนผู้สูงอายุไทยที่ยากจนลดลงจากร้อยละ 39.0 ในปี พ.ศ.2560 เป็นร้อยละ 34.1 ในปี พ.ศ.2564 โดยปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของผู้สูงอายุไทยอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติทั้งในปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 ประกอบด้วย อายุ จำนวนสมาชิกในครัวเรือน ระดับการศึกษา สถานภาพสมรส เขตที่อยู่อาศัย สถานภาพการทำงาน สวัสดิการค่ารักษาพยาบาล และรูปแบบการอยู่อาศัย และพบว่าแต่ละปัจจัยมีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของผู้สูงอายุไทยในทิศทางเดียวกันทั้งในปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 ในขณะที่ปัจจัยด้านเพศและการพึ่งพิงรวมมีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของผู้สูงอายุไทยอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติเฉพาะในปี พ.ศ.2560 เท่านั้น และผลการศึกษาเปรียบเทียบความยากจนของครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยระหว่างปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 พบว่าสัดส่วนครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยที่ยากจนลดลงจากร้อยละ 11.5 ในปี พ.ศ.2560 เป็นร้อยละ 8.5 ในปี พ.ศ.2564 โดยปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติทั้งในปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 ประกอบด้วย อายุหัวหน้าครัวเรือน จำนวนสมาชิกครัวเรือน การพึ่งพิงรวม ระดับการศึกษา และเขตที่อยู่อาศัย และพบว่าแต่ละปัจจัยมีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยในทิศทางเดียวกันทั้งในปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 ยกเว้นอายุของหัวหน้าครัวเรือนที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยในทิศทางตรงข้ามกันระหว่างปี พ.ศ.2560 และปี พ.ศ.2564 ในขณะที่ปัจจัยด้านสถานภาพสมรสของหัวหน้าครัวเรือนมีความสัมพันธ์กับความยากจนของครัวเรือนผู้สูงอายุไทยอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติเฉพาะในปี พ.ศ.2560 เท่านั้น

Southeast Asian Ministers Of Education Organization (Seameo) 'S Role In Digitalisation For Vocational Education Development : A Comparative Analysis Of Indonesia And Thailand, Anastasia Sylvia

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis focuses on the role of the SEAMEO (Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization) role in vocational education development in Industry 4.0. Nowadays, there is a demand for the education sector to align with Industry 4.0, known as Education 4.0. In 2018, the SEAMEO, in collaboration with the GIZ, launched a Regional In-Service Training Modules project to support vocational education for Education 4.0. This study compares the impact of the Regional In-Service Training Modules project in two countries with a medium level of education performance in Southeast Asia: Indonesia and Thailand. This study employs a qualitative method with a …

Intersectionality And Livelihoods Of Conflict-Induced Displaced Myanmar Women In Mae Sot, Thailand, Su Myat Thwe

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The Sustainable Development Goals Report (2022) highlighted the global displacement crisis as 24.5 million population impacted by conflict by mid-2021; 311 out of every 100,000 people worldwide seeking refuge outside their country of origin[1]. The cycle of migration to Thailand from Myanmar has a special history with many intersecting factors of forced migration and a new trend emerges following 1st February 2021: only 1,527 cases in 9 shelters[2]; 986,670 regularized as migrant workers in 2021[3]; tens of thousands of unrecorded. The role of Myanmar’s unsung heroines cannot go forgotten. From a sociocultural conservative country with a constitution drafted by a …

Climate Imaginaries And Human Mobility: Complicating Climate Mobility As Adaptation In Thailand, Clare Steiner

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

For centuries, agricultural households in Thailand have engaged in mobility to adapt to environmental change and climate shocks. However, current framings of “climate migration as adaptation” obscure how these adaptation pathways are constructed by existing power relations, leaving institutions liable to re-enforce inequality. This thesis uses the concept of “imaginaries” to de-construct how certain knowledge and values advance over others in the process of negotiating and acting towards a preferable future. It employs a dual methodological approach with a case study of Baan Non Daeng in Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand to analyze dominant imaginaries in Thailand and their function and limitations …

"Sexual Harassment Is My Job": The Impact Of Display Work On Bikini Barista Interactions, Sara R. Wozniak

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This study compares the experiences of women working in “bikini” coffee stands with women working in "family-friendly" coffee stands. These stands are similar in that customers drive up and purchase coffee through a window. However, bikini coffee stands differ from their family friendly counterparts because they are staffed by scantily-clad women. This study contributes to the existing literature by comparing the experiences of service workers in sexualized and non-sexualized environments. Additionally, this study examines the understudied service job of bikini coffee. Using semi-structured interviews to examine the baristas’ thoughts and experiences surrounding their work, I find that both types of …

Pain That Only She Must Bear: On The Invisibility Of Women In Judicial Abortion Rhetoric, Francesca Laguardia

Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The graphic and bodily facts of a legal question of rights are relevant to the courts, particularly in questions that directly implicate physical bodies and pain, such as right to die cases, or what level of search may be allowable and when. However, in the case of abortion, or more specifically the bodily ramifications of pregnancy and childbirth, this detail is conspicuously absent. This article, relying on a content analysis of over 220 legal opinions on abortion rights, documents this absence of rhetoric. Particularly in the context of other discussions of pain and physical health risks in these very same …

Life Of The Party: Social Networks, Public Attention, And The Importance Of Shocks In The Presidential Nomination Process, Elizabeth A. Stiles, Colin D. Swearingen, Linda Seiter

2022 Faculty Bibliography

We examine the effects of shocks on the invisible Presidential primary in the United States. First, we build on existing models using an algorithm simulating social network shocks. Findings show that positive shocks significantly aid the lead candidate’s chances of winning in the invisible primary. Negative shocks, however, are less detrimental to a lead candidate than positive shocks are helpful, as the leader is often able to survive a negative shock and still emerge victorious. Broad empirical tests demonstrate the importance of shocks as well. Beyond the importance of shocks, findings also suggest that Presidential candidate success in the invisible …

Catholic Seminarians On “Real Men”, Sexuality, And Essential Male Inclusivity., Medora W. Barnes

2022 Faculty Bibliography

This paper is based on an empirical study using in-depth qualitative interviews that examines how Roman Catholic undergraduate seminarians in the United States understand gender, sexuality and masculinity. The findings describe how seminarians reject interactionist and social constructionist models of gender, and rely on a strict biological based model where sex/gender are seen as a unified concept. This leads them to adopt an “essential male inclusivity”, where they argue that all people assigned male at birth have equal claim to “manhood”, which eases pressures on them to act in gender normative ways. The social-psychological and identity-based motivations of these beliefs …

"Ethnic" Some Days, White The Rest: Whittier, Ca As A Case Study In Mexican-American Racialization And Assimilation In Los Angeles County, Maria Gutierrez-Vera

CMC Senior Theses

Per the U.S. Census Bureau, the Latino population in the United States stands at 60.5 million. This thesis tells the story of a few hundred-thousand Mexican-Americans in Southeast Los Angeles County’s suburbs, who live in a region nicknamed the “Mexican Beverly Hills.” This is a unique site of middle-class ethnic affluence, but also a place where questions of “Hispanic” racial identity, assimilation, and belonging are played out. The Mexican Beverly Hills promises residents the fulfillment of their own (Mexican-) American Dream, but also plays into tropes of model minorities, demands assimilation and ethnic betrayal from its residents, and is the …

Impact Of School Closures On Female Labor Force Participation In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Shreya Shome

CMC Senior Theses

This paper examines the role of school closures in reducing the female labor force participation during the Covid-19 pandemic in the United States. While there is significant discussion on the decline of female labor force participation, this paper examines the role of school closures and lack of child care options in determining women’s decisions and ability to work. The data set includes the share school closures at each level of education, the number of schools and students in each school, the regulatory stringency indices, and the number of Covid-19 related deaths in each state on a monthly basis from January …

Criminal Law’S Core Principles, Paul H. Robinson

All Faculty Scholarship

Modern criminal law scholars and policymakers assume they are free to construct criminal law rules by focusing exclusively on the criminal justice theory of the day. But this “blank slate” conception of criminal lawmaking is dangerously misguided. In fact, lawmakers are writing on a slate on which core principles are already indelibly written and realistically they are free only to add detail in the implementation of those principles and to add additional provisions not inconsistent with them. Attempts to do otherwise are destined to produce tragic results from both utilitarian and retributivist views.

Many writers dispute that such core principles …

Human-Controlled Fuzzing With Afl, Maxim Grishin, Igor Korkin, Phd

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Fuzzing techniques are applied to reveal different types of bugs and vulnerabilities. American Fuzzy Lop (AFL) is a free most popular software fuzzer used by many other fuzzing frameworks. AFL supports autonomous mode of operation that uses the previous step output into the next step, as a result fuzzer spends a lot of time analyzing minor code sections. By making fuzzing process more focused and human controlled security expert can save time and find more bugs in less time. We designed a new module that can fuzz only the specified functions. As a result, the chosen ones will be inspected …

The Past And Future Of Migration, Poverty, And Small-Scale Agriculture In Mexico, Kimberly Zamora Delgado

CMC Senior Theses

The conflated pattern between poverty, rurality, and indigeneity in Mexico signifies drastic inequality between populations. Poor, rural communities often do not receive as much public services, infrastructure improvements, and employment opportunities as urban areas, which causes out-migration into the cities. Some of the few jobs available in rural areas are in the agriculture sector, either through small-scale subsistence farming or seasonal employment on a large-scale farm. Historically, certain wealthy states such as Sinaloa, Michoacán, and Sonora received greater support to up-scale into modernized agriculture, which made them into the largest agro-exporters. On the other hand, poor states with greater indigenous …

Student Loan Debt And First-Generation Community College Students, Sandra A. Fuentes

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The rising costs of college attendance and changes in financial aid packages leave students with little option other than to incur a debt of some amount. Unfortunately, colleges often fail to provide adequate financial literacy and student loan information so prospective students planning to attend college can make informed decisions. Student loans may seem attractive in the short term because, unlike other loans, repayment does not begin immediately. However, the accrual of student loan debt leads to long-term financial consequences, including the opportunity to build economic wealth after graduation. Utilizing a basic qualitative research design, I explored first-generation community college …

Disability And Climate Change: A Critical Realist Model Of Climate Justice, Molly M. King, Maria A. Gregg

Sociology

Existing literature on climate change as an issue of environmental justice documents the heightened vulnerability of people with disabilities to the effects of climate change. Additionally, there are numerous studies showing that access to information is a prerequisite for perceiving risk and taking action. Building on this work, our review seeks to understand how physical disability relates to perceptions of climate-related risk and adaptations to climate-related events. We introduce a critical realist model of climate justice to understand the relationships between the environmental features that disable, risk perception and information seeking, and adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change. In …

Towards A Psychological Science Of Abolition Democracy: Insights For Improving Theory And Research On Race And Public Safety, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Phillip Atiba Goff

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

We call for psychologists to expand their thinking on fair and just public safety by engaging with the “Abolition Democracy” framework that Du Bois (1935) articulated as the need to dissolve slavery while simultaneously taking affirmative steps to rid its toxic consequences from the body politic. Because the legacies of slavery continue to produce disparities in public safety in the U.S, both harming Black people and the institutions that could keep them safe, psychologists must take seriously questions of history and structure in addition to immediate situations. In the present article, we consider the state of knowledge regarding psychological processes …

Life In Hampton Roads Survey Press Release #2: Politics And Political Opinions, Social Science Research Center, Old Dominion University

Life in Hampton Roads Survey Report

Life in Hampton Roads 2022 - Politics and Political Opinions

The Life in Hampton Roads survey always includes a few questions about political attitudes. In 2022 the questions included party affiliation, political ideology, job approval of President Biden, Gov. Youngkin and local mayors.

Life In Hampton Roads Survey Press Release #1: Quality Of Life, Social Science Research Center, Old Dominion University

Life in Hampton Roads Survey Report

Life in Hampton Roads 2022 - Quality of Life

More than two-thirds of respondents rated the quality of life in the region as excellent or good (69.3%). This is slightly higher than last year (65.4%) during the pandemic and more closely reflects previous, non-COVID years (ranging from 68% to 71% between 2017-2019). About one-fourth rated Hampton Roads’ quality of life as fair (24.7%), and 4.5% rated it as poor.

Life In Hampton Roads Survey Press Release #3: Economy & Employment, Social Science Research Center, Old Dominion University

Life in Hampton Roads Survey Report

Life in Hampton Roads 2022 - Economy & Employment

Hampton Roads residents had mixed perceptions of the economy but showed some optimism about their own financial situation. Less than half (42.4%) of those surveyed rated the economic conditions in Hampton Roads as excellent (3.1%) or good (39.3%). A similar percentage (42%) rated economic conditions as fair and 14.6% rated them as poor. Interestingly, despite the impacts of COVID-19, these ratings are not much different than in past years of the survey, during or prior to the pandemic. For example, in 2021, 47.5% rated economic conditions as excellent or good and …

Life In Hampton Roads Survey Press Release #5: Experiences And Attitudes Towards The Police And Reactions To Crime, Social Science Research Center, Old Dominion University

Life in Hampton Roads Survey Report

Life in Hampton Roads 2022 - Experiences and Attitudes Towards the Police and Reactions to Crime

For the past few years, the Life in Hampton Roads survey has included two items measuring negative experiences with the police:

1. In the past year, have you or someone close to you had a negative experience with police (e.g., the officer shouted at you, cursed at you, pushed or grabbed you)?

2. In the past year, have you heard of someone in your local community who had a negative experience with police (e.g., the officer shouted at them, cursed at them, pushed or …