Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

How To Get The Attention Of Government Officials: A Test Of The Effectiveness Of Social Proof Treatments, Aubriana Wolferts

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

A Letter From The Editor, Rachel Finlayson

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Rational Fear: The Effects Of Terrorist Activity And Immigration On Attitudes Toward Security In The European Union, Matthew Easton, Connor Kreutz

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Not Just Hot Air: How Rhetoric Changes Public Opinion On Windmills, Alena Smith

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

“It Takes A Village To Raise A Rigorous Qualitative Project”: Studying Family Financial Socialization Using Team-Based Qualitative Methods, Loren D. Marks, Christina M. Rosa, Ashley B. Lebaron, E. Jeffery Hill

Faculty Publications

This purpose of this case study is to relate the methods used to conduct a qualitative research project about family financial socialization designed by emerging adults, primarily employing emerging adults as the primary research participants (although some of their parents and grandparents are interviewed). A sample of 153 respondents (128 undergraduate students, 17 parents, and eight grandparents) at three universities was recruited to assure diversity. We outline and discuss our team-based approach to qualitative data collection, analysis, and coding procedures, as well as how a team of 10 undergraduate students was incorporated into this approach. We relate the challenges and …

Constructing Meaning Through Connection: Religious Perspectives On The Purpose Of Life, Quinn Galbraith, Adam Callister, Heather Kelly

Faculty Publications

Given prior research, which establishes a connection between religiosity and an increased sense of meaning in life, this study draws on qualitative data from interviews with 172 religious individuals living in Ireland and the United Kingdom in order to analyze what religious individuals perceive as their purpose in life. Interviews were conducted in person, recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded utilizing a team-based methodology. Researchers identified three main themes from the data related to the idea that the purpose of life is tied to relationships and connection: love and service toward others, family relationships, and connection with God. An analysis of …

Late-Career Unemployment Has Mixed Effects In Retirement, Wendy C. Birmingham, Maren Wright Voss, M Beth Merryman, Lisa Crabtree, Kathy Subasic, Lori Wadsworth, Man Hung

Faculty Publications

Paid work forms a pattern of occupational engagement that shifts during both unemployment and retirement. Similar to unemployment, the occupational disruption associated with involuntary retirement has been linked to poorer physical and mental health outcomes. To better understand the health impact of work transitions during the pre- and post-retirement years, 24 retired individuals with late-career unemployment were interviewed at the Huntsman World Senior Games in October 2016. Demographic data were collected. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach was utilized to thematically analyse the interview data and interpretations were evaluated against existing theory. Themes identified included struggle, freedom, and transition, followed by …

The Structure Of Competence: Evaluating The Factor Structure Of The Cognitive Therapy Rating Scale, Scott A. Baldwin, Simon B. Goldberg, Kritzia Merced, Derek D. Caperton, Zac E. Imel, David C. Atkins, Torrey Creed

Faculty Publications

The Cognitive Therapy Rating Scale (CTRS) is an observer-rated measure of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment fidelity. Although widely used, the factor structure and psychometric properties of the CTRS are not well established. Evaluating the factorial validity of the CTRS may increase its utility for training and fidelity monitoring in clinical practice and research. The current study used multilevel exploratory factor analysis to examine the factor structure of the CTRS in a large sample of therapists (n = 413) and observations (n = 1,264) from community-based CBT training. Examination of model fit and factor loadings suggested that three within-therapist factors …

Parental Influence On Mate Selection In Modern Chinese Society, Szu-Yu Lin, Richard B. Miller, Li Ping Su-Kubricht, Jason Whiting, Roy Bean, Chih-Han Hsieh, Tsui-Shan Li

Faculty Publications

Traditional patterns of mate selection in Chinese societies involving arranged marriages by parents have been changing towards individual choice of a marriage partner. However, it is unclear to what extent this transition has occurred in Chinese society. The values and experiences of contemporary Chinese adults about parental influences on mate selection were addressed by conducting six focus groups in Taipei, Taiwan, which included a total of 51 participants. The results from qualitative analysis indicated that most participants did not feel obligated to have their parents' influence who they would marry. However, most of them wished for their parents to approve …

The Ties That Bind: Is Faith A Global Force For Good Or Ill In The Family?, W. Bradford Wilcox, Laurie Derose, Jason S. Carroll

Faculty Publications

Does religion foster solidarity—or fuel conflict and inequality? Today’s headlines suggest the answer is “yes” to both. Yes, as Emile Durkheim taught us, religion can be and is a force for solidarity, but at the same time, as Max Weber taught us, religion can be and is also a force for conflict and inequality. In The Ties that Bind, we consider a more specific question: is religion a force for good or ill in families around the globe?

Faith, Feminism, And Marriage: Institutions, Norms, And Relationship Quality, Jason S. Carroll, Spencer James, W. Bradford Wilcox, Richard Reeves, Laurie Derose

Faculty Publications

In this essay, we explore the links between religion and relationship quality for cohabiting and married couples. Our evidence from an 11-country sample suggests men and women in highly religious couples enjoy significantly higher levels of relationship quality and sexual satisfaction. Joint decision-making, however, is higher among men in shared secular relationships and women in highly religious relationships, compared to their peers in less/mixed religious couples. We also find a J-Curve in overall relationship quality for women such that women in shared secular, progressive relationships enjoy comparatively high levels of relationship quality, women in the ideological and religious middle report …

Screening For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Ards Survivors: Validation Of The Impact Of Event Scale-6 (Ies-6), Megan M. Hosey, Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos, Ximin Li, Victor D. Dinglas, O. Joseph Bienvenu, Ann M. Parker, Ramona O. Hopkins Phd, Dale M. Needham, Karin J. Neufeld

Faculty Publications

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are common in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) survivors. Brief screening instruments are needed for clinical and research purposes. We evaluated internal consistency, external construct, and criterion validity of the Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6; 6 items) compared to the original Impact of Event Scale—Revised (IES-R; 22 items) and to the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) reference standard evaluation in ARDS survivors.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis from two independent multi-site, prospective studies of ARDS survivors. Measures of internal consistency, and external construct and criterion validity were evaluated.

Results: A total of …

Efficacy Of Weight Loss Intervention Can Be Predicted Based On Early Alterations Of Fmri Food Cue Reactivity In The Striatum, Petra Hermann, Viktor Gál, István Kóbor, C. Brock Kirwan, Peter Kovacs, Tama Kitkas, Zsuzsanna Lengyel, Eszter Balint, Balázs Varga, Csongor Cseko, Zoltan Vidnyanszky

Faculty Publications

Increased fMRI food cue reactivity in obesity, i.e. higher responses to high- vs. low-calorie food images, is a promising marker of the dysregulated brain reward system underlying enhanced susceptibility to obesogenic environmental cues. Recently, it has also been shown that weight loss interventions might affect fMRI food cue reactivity and that there is a close association between the alteration of cue reactivity and the outcome of the intervention. Here we tested whether fMRI food cue reactivity could be used as a marker of diet-induced early changes of neural processing in the striatum that are predictive of the outcome of the …

Simple Statistics And Archaeological Problems, James R. Allison

Faculty Publications

Among Keith Kintigh’s many contributions to archaeology was his emphasis on understanding the connections among quantitative methods, archaeological problems, and what archaeologists can reasonably infer from their data. In both publications and in the classroom, he demonstrated the value of simple computer simulations to understand quantitative measures and how they behave when applied to actual archaeological data. Archaeological research increasingly incorporates analysis of large databases and quantitative methods appropriate to “big data”, but simple statistics are still important to archaeological research. This paper uses computer-intensive methods to demonstrate that archaeologists (and others) frequently misunderstand and misapply some of the simplest …

Household Variation, Public Architecture, And The Organization Of Fremont Communities, James R. Allison, Katie K. Richards, Lindsay D. Johansson, Richard K. Talbot, Scott M. Ure

Faculty Publications

In the far-northern reaches of the greater American Southwest, diverse groups of small-scale agriculturalists, labeled “Fremont” by archaeologists, spread across the northern Colorado Plateau and eastern Great Basin. During the long history of Fremont archaeology, most projects have focused on the excavation of only one or a few residences even in large village sites. Until recently, there has been little effort to understand Fremont social organization or Fremont communities and nothing that could be called household archaeology (but see Hall 2008; Hockett 1998; Janetski and Talbot 2000, 2014; Simms 2008). In fact, for many years the prevailing view has been …

Envisioning Natural And Built Environments As Sacred Landscapes In Prehistoric Casas Grandes, Mexico, Michael T. Searcy, Todd Pitezel, Steve Swanson

Faculty Publications

We develop a hypothesized cosmography in an attempt to evaluate the sacred landscapes of the Casas Grandes cultural tradition of northern Mexico. This analysis includes attention to the relationships among archaeological features and aspects of natural geography in the Casas Grandes region. We draw on previous research regarding hilltop sites, architectural features, settlement patterns, and astronomical alignments noted at Paquimé, to envision how the Casas Grandes people mapped their landscape on both the built and unbuilt environments.

Mtdna Analysis Of The Paquimé (Casas Grandes), Mexico, Population Between The Viejo And Medio Periods, Rachel Summers-Wilson, Meradeth Snow, Michael T. Searcy

Faculty Publications

This research project investigates the population interred at the archaeological site known as Paquimé (Casas Grandes), Mexico between two time periods known as the Viejo Period (700 - 1200 A.D.) and the Medio Period (1200 - 1450 A.D.). There was a shift in culture during the latter period marked by changes in material culture and the bringing together of larger populations near and within the city center known as Paquimé. Several scholars have suggested that this extraordinary cultural shift is principally due to migrations from other regions (for example: Di Peso 1974; Lekson 1999; Laekson 2015). The research conducted at …

Collection Weeding: Breaking New Ground With Innovative Processes And Tools, Gregory M. Nelson, David Pixton, Megan Frost, Dan Broadbent, Michael C. Goates

Faculty Publications

• Intro
• Criteria
• Tools
• Feedback
• Lessons Learned

Full Issue

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

The Democracy Of Dating: A Survey Experiment On American Dating Preferences, Matthew Easton

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Associations Of Ambivalent Leadership With Distress And Cortisol Secretion, Wendy C. Birmingham, Raphael M. Herr, Frenk Van Harreveld, Bert N. Uchino, Adrian Loerbroks, Joachim E. Fischer, Jos A. Bosch

Faculty Publications

Ambivalent social ties, i.e., whereby a relationship is evaluated simultaneously in positive and negative terms, are a potential source of distress and can perturb health-relevant biological functions. Social interactions at the workplace, in particular with supervisors, are often described in ambivalent terms, but the psychological and psychobiological impact of such interactions has received little scientific attention. The current study examined associations between ambivalent attitudes towards one’s supervisor, perceived distress (general and work-related), and diurnal dynamics of the stress hormone cortisol. 613 employees evaluated their supervisor in terms of positive and negative behaviors, which was combined into an ambivalent index. Higher …

Spousal Influence: A Study Of Women With Eating And Body Image Concerns, Wendy C. Birmingham, Adriane Ito De Queiroz Cavallini, Jordan Sgro

Faculty Publications

Eating disorder literature often overlooks those exhibiting eating and body image concerns without an eating disorder diagnosis. Supportive spouses may ameliorate negative body image and eating behavior, but spouses who exhibit both supportive and non-supportive behaviors concurrently (ambivalent) may send mixed messages. Eating disorder behaviors and spousal interactions were assessed in 61 women who demonstrated eating disordered behavior and body dissatisfaction but were not clinically diagnosed with an eating disorder. Spouses mostly provided messages of reassurance. However, some women were unable to overcome their internalized negative body image. Feelings of social comparison were seen with ambivalent spouses. Supportive relationships may …

Expectations And Challenges Of Non-Native University Writers At The Outset Of Discipline-Specific Study, K. James Hartshorn, Norman W. Evans

Faculty Publications

Little is known about how best to prepare non-native students matriculated at universities in the United States to succeed in discipline-specific writing. Whilesome studies have suggested differences in the types and volumes of writing across disciplines, such studies have compared very few disciplines simultaneously and have not always examined the disciplines most commonly studied by international students. Thus, this study seeks to fill an important gap in the literature by examining the perspectives of university professors regarding their expectations and purposes for student writing as well as their observations about the greatest writing challenges their students face within five of …

Getting Your Business Communication Research Funded, Jacob D. Rawlins, Sara Doan, Jacqueline Ann Mayfield, Milton Mayfield, Gail Fann Thomas, Yunxia Zhu

Faculty Publications

Conducting original research in the discipline of business communication can be expensive. Travel to research locations, specialized software, tokens of appreciation for study participants, support staff, and transcription services can add up quickly. The C. R. Anderson Research Fund (CRARF) was established to promote excellent research on business communication topics by providing grants to members of the Association for Business Communication. In this presentation, members of the C. R. Anderson Research Fund Committee will introduce the fund and provide specific instructions and feedback on individual proposals in breakout rooms. The goal of this presentation is to help each attendee learn …

Key Mechanisms By Which Post-Icu Activities Can Improve In-Icu Care: Results Of The International Thrive Collaboratives, Kimberley J. Haines, Carla M. Sevin, Elizabeth Hibbert, Leanne M. Boehme, Krishna Aparanji, Rita N. Bakhru, Anthony J. Bastin, Sarah J. Beesley, Brad W. Butcher, Kelly Drumright, Tammy L. Eaton, Thomas Farley, Penelope Firshman, Andrew Fritschle, Clare Holdsworth, Aluko A. Hope, Annie Johnson, Michael T. Kenes, Babar A. Khan, Janet A. Kloos, Erin K. Kross, Belinda J. Macleod‑Smith, Pamela Mactavish, Joel Meyer, Ashley Montgomery‑Yates, Tara Quasim, Howard L. Saft, Andrew Slack, Joanna Stollings, Gerald Weinhouse, Jessica Whitten, Giora Netzer, Ramona O. Hopkins, Mark E. Mikkelsen, Theodore J. Iwashyna, Joanne Mcpeake

Faculty Publications

Objective: To identify the key mechanisms that clinicians perceive improve care in the intensive care unit (ICU), as a result of their involvement in post-ICU programs.

Methods: Qualitative inquiry via focus groups and interviews with members of the Society of Critical Care Medicine’s THRIVE collaborative sites (follow-up clinics and peer support). Framework analysis was used to synthesize and inter‑ pret the data.

Results: Five key mechanisms were identifed as drivers of improvement back into the ICU: (1) identifying other‑ wise unseen targets for ICU quality improvement or education programs—new ideas for quality improvement were generated and greater attention paid to …

Is It The Sex, The Romance, Or The Living Together? The Differential Impact Of Past Sexual, Romantic, And Cohabitation Histories On Current Relationship Functioning, Dean M. Busby, Brian J. Willoughby, Melissa L. Mcdonald

Faculty Publications

Before their current relationship, individuals may have had a variety of previous relationships such as romantic relationships, sexual relationships, and cohabiting relationships. In this study, we explored the common or shared influence of these 3 types of previous relationships, and the unique influence of each type, on current relationship functioning. With a sample oof more than 4,000 individuals we found that there was a significantly negative shared influence for previous romantic, sexual, and cohabitation relationships on current relationship attitudes, sexual satisfaction, commitment, and stability. The effects were largely similar for women and for men. It appears that on average the …

Online Blaming And Intimate Partner Violence: A Content Analysis Of Social Media Comments, Jason B. Whiting, Rachael Dansby Olufuwote, Jaclyn D. Cravens-Pickens, Alyssa Banford Witting

Faculty Publications

Social media has become a ubiquitous form of interacting and sharing information. However, comments on social media sites are often aggressive and contemptuous, especially when topics are controversial or politically charged. For example, discussion of intimate partner violence (IPV) tends to provoke strong reactions from outsiders, who make angry or blaming remarks about those involved. Although IPV is common, it has not been widely discussed in popular media until recent years when high-profile cases of abuse have come to light. In 2016, a celebrity accusation of domestic violence led to thousands of comments on social media, with outsiders weighing in …

Integration Or Separation? Addressing Religious And Spiritual Issues In Multicultural Counseling: A National Survey Of College Counselors, Timothy B. Smith, Rachel Crook Lyon, Kari O'Grady

Faculty Publications

Given contemporary ethical concerns, we conducted a national survey of 216 college counselors’ perceptions of integrating religious and spiritual issues in multicultural counseling and counselor education. Using cluster analysis, we identified four patterns of commitments to multiculturalism and religiosity. Respondents demonstrated ethical bracketing, as they considered religious and spiritual issues favorably within the framework of multicultural counseling, irrespective of their personal commitments to those topics. Counselors can openly address spiritual and religious diversity.