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Articles 4111 - 4140 of 6849

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Dating A Mummy: Determining Background On Museum Objects With No Provenience, Shannon C. Wood, Paul Stavast Mar 2012

Dating A Mummy: Determining Background On Museum Objects With No Provenience, Shannon C. Wood, Paul Stavast

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

An Egyptian falcon mummy donated to BYU's Museum of Peoples and Cultures had no provenience and thus aroused a lot of curiosity. At first, noninvasive research procedures were used in order to see inside the mummy. Results were inconclusive, so only after these procedures were followed were more invasive techniques carried out. It is important that museums follow these procedures in order to build a background for their objects without a history.

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Does This Marriage Make Me Look Fat? Marital Quality As A Predictor Of Body Weight, Activity Level, And Eating Habits, Lori C. Schade, Jonathan Sandberg, Dean Busby Mar 2012

Does This Marriage Make Me Look Fat? Marital Quality As A Predictor Of Body Weight, Activity Level, And Eating Habits, Lori C. Schade, Jonathan Sandberg, Dean Busby

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Survey data from married couples (N=374) was analyzed for effects of marital quality on weight as a problem in the marriage, activity level and eating habits. Results indicate that wife marital quality was positively associated with weight being a problem for wives, while husband marital quality was negatively associated with weight being a problem for both husbands and wives in the relationship. Wife marital quality was also positively associated with husband activity level, while husband marital quality was negatively associated with husband activity level. Implications of findings are discussed.

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Sexual Satisfaction And Differentiation, Anthony A. Hughes, James Harper Mar 2012

Sexual Satisfaction And Differentiation, Anthony A. Hughes, James Harper

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Using questionnaires, self report, and partner report of spouse, this investigation examined the relationship between differentiation of self and sexual satisfaction of each partner for a sample size of 681. The data was collected from a large northwestern city and was part of the Flourishing Families Project. Actor and partner effects were both examined. Findings showed that both husbands and wives were impacted by both actor and partner effects of differentiation of self. The latent variable of differentiation of self measured the lack of differentiation, while the latent variable of sexual satisfaction measured the lack of sexual satisfaction within the …

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Wanted "Dead Or Alive": The Effects Of Charismatic Leadership On Terrorist Organizations, Cameron S. Harris, Kirk Hawkins, Daniel Milton Mar 2012

Wanted "Dead Or Alive": The Effects Of Charismatic Leadership On Terrorist Organizations, Cameron S. Harris, Kirk Hawkins, Daniel Milton

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Charismatic leadership profoundly moves terrorist organizations to more violence and longer organizational life-spans.

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The Life Of A Bill In The Utah Legislature: Following House Bill 49- Firearms Revisions, Scott Robbins Mar 2012

The Life Of A Bill In The Utah Legislature: Following House Bill 49- Firearms Revisions, Scott Robbins

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

There have been some recent cases of firearm owners legally carrying their firearms, who have faced criminal prosecution and fines, though they broke no law. House Bill 49 was was introduced by Rep. Paul Ray in order to protect firearm-carrying citizens from receiving fines and criminal charges from two conflicting laws.The bill mainly clarifies the open carry and disorderly conduct aspects of existing Utah law. Because HB49 was incremental and fit with the majority opinion of Utah, it was able to get through to the senate where it was stalled from an amendment. Since the legislative session ended before the …

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Public Perception Of Hoarding, Alex Dresden, Stephanie Svanevik, Kristen Hoopes, Brian Appel Mar 2012

Public Perception Of Hoarding, Alex Dresden, Stephanie Svanevik, Kristen Hoopes, Brian Appel

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Hoarding is defined as (1) the acquisition of, and failure to, discard a large number of possessions that appear to be of limited value, (2) living spaces sufficiently cluttered so as to preclude activities for which these spaces were designed, (3) significant impairment in functioning caused by the hoarding, and (4) reluctance to return borrowed items. The average age of onset for hoarders is 11-15 years of age, with most hoarders reporting symptoms before age 20. Our research sought to find correlations regarding public perceptions of hoarding, including demographic, personal, and socioeconomic factors. Using a 55-question online survey and taking …

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Nike, Goddess Of Victory: Symbol Of Ancient Greek Identity, Shannon C. Wood, James Allison Mar 2012

Nike, Goddess Of Victory: Symbol Of Ancient Greek Identity, Shannon C. Wood, James Allison

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

The importance of the Ancient Greek goddess of victory, Nike, has traditionally been ignored or understated in Classical studies. However, I would argue that because the Greeks idolized traditional values that Nike had patronship over, and because there is evidence in the archaeological record that demonstrates Nike's importance and presence across a broad spectrum of worship, Nike is in fact one of the more important deities when considering the relation of Greek religion to Greek identity.

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The Relationship Between Religious Orientation, Age, And Eating Disorder Symptoms, Sara L. Susov Mar 2012

The Relationship Between Religious Orientation, Age, And Eating Disorder Symptoms, Sara L. Susov

Theses and Dissertations

Eating disorders are public health problems that are becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States. Research has shown that the etiology of eating disorders is multifaceted, and includes physical, socioemotional, and generic risk factors. One area that predicts eating disorder behaviors is religious orientation; however, the literature on the relationship between eating disorder symptomology and religious orientation has been mixed. Religious orientation is defined as reason for engaging in religious practice. People who have an intrinsic religious orientation live their religion instead of using their religion, and people with an extrinsic religious orientation use their religion to help them achieve …

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Diverse Teacher Candidates' Perceptions Of A University's Special Education Preparation Program, Ashleigh Jay Cramer Mar 2012

Diverse Teacher Candidates' Perceptions Of A University's Special Education Preparation Program, Ashleigh Jay Cramer

Theses and Dissertations

As part of a four year professional development program centered on increasing cultural responsiveness at Brigham Young University, special education faculty members conducted interviews with teacher candidates who had completed the special education program. The interviews primarily focused on the candidates' experiences during their time in the program. The interviews were audio and/or videotaped and transcribed verbatim. The transcriptions were then analyzed using the inductive analysis design for qualitative research (Hatch, 2002). The candidates expressed what types of learning activities as well as what professors did or did not do that helped them to be successful. Also emerging from the …

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Do Paraeducators Use Best Practices With Students Who Exhibit Aggressive Behaviors?, Michelle Weiss Mar 2012

Do Paraeducators Use Best Practices With Students Who Exhibit Aggressive Behaviors?, Michelle Weiss

Theses and Dissertations

Researchers question the growing use of paraeducators in public school special education classrooms, complaining that the professionals with the least education are being asked to assist the students requiring the most intervention (Blalock, 1991; Giangreco, Broer, & Edelman, 1999). How well are paraprofessional educators prepared to use best practices for behavior management in special education settings? The eight special education paraprofessionals surveyed in this study demonstrated varying levels of knowledge regarding how to respond to the aggressive behaviors often displayed by students with emotional disturbance (ED). Paraeducators who reported receiving the most district- or teacher-led training (4 to 16+ hours) …

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Public Relations For Prosocial Change: A Case Study Of A Nonprofit Organization's Efforts To Gain Visibility And Support For Its Cause, Kathryn J. Burnett Mar 2012

Public Relations For Prosocial Change: A Case Study Of A Nonprofit Organization's Efforts To Gain Visibility And Support For Its Cause, Kathryn J. Burnett

Theses and Dissertations

This study explores the theory of prosocial public relations as proposed by Wakefield, Burnett, and van Dusen (2011). The propositions put forth by the theory are that in gaining visibility and support for prosocial causes, an organization will engage in non-confrontational (prosocial) public relations by building up internal resources, reaching out to target publics, and making connections with those publics related to the cause. This single-case study explored the public relations and communication tactics of a nonprofit organization whose mission is to provide aid and service to the poor. A Council of the Society of St. Vincent de Paul located …

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Wandering In The Wilderness: A Grounded Theory Study Of The Divorce Or Reconciliation Decision-Making Process, Tamara A. Fackrell Mar 2012

Wandering In The Wilderness: A Grounded Theory Study Of The Divorce Or Reconciliation Decision-Making Process, Tamara A. Fackrell

Theses and Dissertations

In this study, I present grounded-theory analyses of the decision-making process surrounding divorce or reconciliation based on in-depth interviews with 31 individuals thinking about divorce. The overall model of the divorce decision-making process included negative experiences leading to a bad relationship or an unsustainable marriage, the wilderness crossroads, the vast wilderness, and a development of an exit strategy. Repair attempts that were made are what helped the couple move towards a sustainable marriage or closer to divorce. The findings of the present study suggest that the decision-making process to divorce or reconcile can be a chaotic and confusing one—a wilderness—yet …

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Respite Care And Marital Quality: Families With A Child Diagnosed With An Autism Spectrum Disorder, Amber Rachelle Harper Mar 2012

Respite Care And Marital Quality: Families With A Child Diagnosed With An Autism Spectrum Disorder, Amber Rachelle Harper

Theses and Dissertations

Parents of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at greater risk than other couples for having higher stress levels and lower marital quality. Respite care has been suggested as a way to help alleviate stress. This study investigated the relationship between respite care and marital quality; and the potential of mother stress and father stress as mediating variables. One hundred and one couples, each consisting of a mother and a father who lived with their child with an ASD, were given questionnaires including a respite questionnaire, Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Experience in Close Relationships Questionnaire, and …

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Visual Attention, Color Processing And Physiological Measure Differences In Males And Females With Substance Abuse And Opiate Addiction, Jo Ann Petrie Mar 2012

Visual Attention, Color Processing And Physiological Measure Differences In Males And Females With Substance Abuse And Opiate Addiction, Jo Ann Petrie

Theses and Dissertations

A biological marker of the addictive state would be a major breakthrough in objectively assessing the efficacy of treatment outcomes. Given its role in the mesolimbic system and drug reward, most biological marker studies for addiction focus on measures related to dopamine (DA). Dopamine is also implicated in some disorders of visual attention and plays a modulatory role in the processing of color in the retinal DA pathway. For example, visual processing in the retina has been shown to co-vary with DA levels during cocaine withdrawal. In this electroencephalographic (EEG) study, we studied event related potentials (ERPs) and reaction time …

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Employment After Graduation: Career Path Trends Of Tesol Ma And Graduate Certificate Students, Eimi Priddis Mar 2012

Employment After Graduation: Career Path Trends Of Tesol Ma And Graduate Certificate Students, Eimi Priddis

Theses and Dissertations

As English expands across the world, quality English teachers are increasingly needed. However, reports that even well-trained TESOL professionals have a hard time obtaining stable employment are prevalent. This study sought to provide some solid evidence about employment trends in TESOL. It is based on a survey administered to alumni who graduated between the years of 1973 and 2008 from Brigham Young University's TESOL program. The results indicate that graduates spend about half of their career time in TESOL-related employment. Most are involved in teaching, but jobs in administration, materials development,or testing are more likely to be full-time and offer …

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The Development Of Two Units For Basic Training And Resources For Teaching English To Speakers Of Other Languages: "Tutoring Guidelines" And "Designing An Overall Plan For A Course", Beth Anne Firnges Mar 2012

The Development Of Two Units For Basic Training And Resources For Teaching English To Speakers Of Other Languages: "Tutoring Guidelines" And "Designing An Overall Plan For A Course", Beth Anne Firnges

Theses and Dissertations

A team of graduate students from Brigham Young University under the supervision of the main author, Dr. Henrichsen, collaborated on creating a book with an accompanying website, Basic Training and Resources for Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (BTRTESOL). The entire program consists of 10 main sections with nearly 50 units addressing topics that novice teachers can choose from to help them prepare to teach English to non-native speakers. The BTRTESOL program answers the need for material designed for novice teachers, material that will help them to be better prepared in a minimalistic, non-overwhelming way. The goal of this …

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The Effects Of Parentification, Attachment, Family-Of-Origin Dysfunction And Health On Depression: A Comparative Study Between Gender And The Ethnic Groups Of South Koreans And Caucasian Americans, Sunnie Giles Mar 2012

The Effects Of Parentification, Attachment, Family-Of-Origin Dysfunction And Health On Depression: A Comparative Study Between Gender And The Ethnic Groups Of South Koreans And Caucasian Americans, Sunnie Giles

Theses and Dissertations

Parentification is a process where children or adolescents assume adult roles before they are emotionally or developmentally ready, which, in turn, disrupts the development of healthy, secure attachment in childhood. Using 1,001 men and women from South Korea and the United States with equal division between males and females and multiple group comparison technique in structural equation modeling, this paper examined the relationship between parentification during childhood and depression during adulthood. It explores the cross-sectional long-term effects of parentification into adulthood, using a retrospective survey technique. This study also confirmed previous research findings that attachment, physical health and family-of-origin dysfunction, …

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Family Implicit Rules, Child Self Regulation, And Observed Child Emotional Responsiveness To Parents, Mark J. Mauzy Mar 2012

Family Implicit Rules, Child Self Regulation, And Observed Child Emotional Responsiveness To Parents, Mark J. Mauzy

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine how implicit family process rules are related to observed child emotional responsiveness with child self regulation as a possible mediating variable. Data from Wave 1 of the Flourishing Families project was used and included 337 two parent families and a target child between the ages of 10 and 13. Mother and father perception of family implicit rules were used to measure family implicit rules; child and mother report of the child's self regulation were used to measure self regulation, and child's emotional responsiveness to mother and father were taken from coding data. …

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Change In Group Therapy: A Grounded Theory Inquiry Into Group And Interpersonal Patterns In A Community Sample, Rebecca R. Canate Mar 2012

Change In Group Therapy: A Grounded Theory Inquiry Into Group And Interpersonal Patterns In A Community Sample, Rebecca R. Canate

Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative study investigated the group process and impact of pre-group feedback information on individuals in an eight-week therapy group. The feedback information was based on group members' results on the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) Intrex questionnaire given before the group began. The Intrex is based on Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy (IRT) theory, which is a combination of interpersonal psychoanalysis, attachment theory, operant conditioning, and studies of imitative learning, and has been utilized primarily in an individual treatment format. Because only a limited number of treatment strategies have utilized IRT theory in the group treatment setting, and because group …

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Punjabi Tonemics And The Gurmukhi Script: A Preliminary Study, Andrea Lynn Bowden Mar 2012

Punjabi Tonemics And The Gurmukhi Script: A Preliminary Study, Andrea Lynn Bowden

Theses and Dissertations

Punjabi, a language primarily spoken throughout Pakistan and in the northern Indian state of Punjab, is one of a few closely related Indo-Aryan languages, including Lahnda and Western Pahari, or Dogri-Kangri, which are counted among the world's tone languages, despite having no genetic link to other recognized tone languages. Few grammars have been published for Punjabi, and of those available, the grammars either fail to discuss the existence of lexical tone or note tone only in passing, and these disagree among themselves on even the number of tones. Unfortunately, those grammars which do make note of the presence of lexical …

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The Changing Meaning Of Marriage: An Analysis Of Contemporary Marital Attitudes Of Young Adults, Nicole Margaret Kay Mar 2012

The Changing Meaning Of Marriage: An Analysis Of Contemporary Marital Attitudes Of Young Adults, Nicole Margaret Kay

Theses and Dissertations

An interesting paradox in the literature about marriage is that despite the substantial changes to marriage over the last half century, young adults remain committed to the ideal of marriage. While changes to marriage as a social institution have been well documented, research concerning the contemporary attitudes of young adults about marriage has been limited. Even less research has focused on how these contemporary attitudes may cluster young adults into groups that have different perceptions of marriage. This study explores young single adult attitudes about marriage, and group differences in these attitudes. A quota sample (n=700) of 18-35 year-old young …

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Combining Creativity And Civilization: A Natural Experiment In A General Education University Course, Eric C. Dahlin, A. Brent Strong, Scott D. Grimshaw Mar 2012

Combining Creativity And Civilization: A Natural Experiment In A General Education University Course, Eric C. Dahlin, A. Brent Strong, Scott D. Grimshaw

Faculty Publications

Improving creativity and innovation is viewed as an increasingly important goal for classroom instruction. This paper evaluates whether a change in creativity occurred for students participating in a university “civilizations” course in which the instructional approach focuses on lateral thinking skills, examines characteristics of world civilizations that exhibited high levels of creativity, and encourages students to practice being creative through a class project and exams. Students in the class who took the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT) at the beginning and again at the end of the semester experienced a statistically significant change in creativity scores compared with students …

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An Exploratory Analysis Of Factors Associated With Participation In Self-Directed And Traditional Marriage And Relationship Education, Shelece Mcallister Feb 2012

An Exploratory Analysis Of Factors Associated With Participation In Self-Directed And Traditional Marriage And Relationship Education, Shelece Mcallister

Theses and Dissertations

Although self-directed marriage and relationship education (MRE) has the potential to reach a larger or different audience than traditional MRE, little has been done to examine the characteristics of those who access self-directed materials. This study examined individual, couple, family, and sociocultural context variables that predicted participation in both self-directed and traditional MRE programs. A series of logistic regressions were conducted using SPSS 19.0. Different factors predicted participation for each intervention. For self-directed programs, those who were older, more educated, more religious, less materialistic, whose partners were more neurotic, who had been dating for a shorter amount of time, and …

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Family Structure And Family Instability: Evaluating Their Influence On Adult Outcomes, Hsin-Yao Chiu Feb 2012

Family Structure And Family Instability: Evaluating Their Influence On Adult Outcomes, Hsin-Yao Chiu

Theses and Dissertations

Family structure is a widely used independent variable. However, in recent years researchers have questioned its predicting power. They also strive to improve its use. This study drew on Holman's (2001) theoretical model and examined the association between the family structure independent variables (Family Structure, Family Instability, and Parental Romantic Partners) and the outcome variables (Coming to Terms, Self-esteem, Maturity, and Depression). The analysis was conducted with a sample of 3,705 individuals (2,316 females and 1,389 males) randomly selected from the entire population that completed the Relationship Evaluation Questionnaire (RELATE). Results showed that Family Instability was a stronger predictor than …

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Don't Worry....Be Happy: The Influence Of Parental Anxiety On Adolescent Self-Esteem, Holly Olson Coutts Feb 2012

Don't Worry....Be Happy: The Influence Of Parental Anxiety On Adolescent Self-Esteem, Holly Olson Coutts

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the current study was to explore the direct and indirect influences of both paternal and maternal anxiety on adolescent self-esteem as mediated by parental criticism and autonomy allowance. Participants included 331 parent-child triads with a child between the ages of 12 and 15 from the Flourishing Families Project. Findings suggested that maternal anxiety had a significant negative influence on adolescent self-esteem while paternal anxiety did not. Also, the influence of maternal anxiety on adolescent self-esteem was carried directly rather than indirectly through autonomy allowance and parental criticism; however, this influence was only significant prior to adolescent gender …

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Imaging And Behavioral Correlates Of The Anterior Cingulate In Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury, Tricia L. Merkley Feb 2012

Imaging And Behavioral Correlates Of The Anterior Cingulate In Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury, Tricia L. Merkley

Theses and Dissertations

The anterior cingulate has been implicated in a number of cognitive processes that are at risk following traumatic brain injury (TBI), such as executive function and emotional processing. While the cingulate is believed to play a role in the above-mentioned cognitive processes, the relative roles of gray and white matter in functional outcomes post-TBI are not fully understood. The current study investigated various quantifiable brain properties (e.g., cortical thickness and volume, volume of underlying white matter, and white matter integrity) of the caudal anterior cingulate (CAC) gyrus and their relationships with behavioral measures of cognitive control following pediatric TBI. Parent …

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Contents Jan 2012

Contents

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

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Regulations Concerning Immigration And Citizenship, C. V. Eberlin Jan 2012

Regulations Concerning Immigration And Citizenship, C. V. Eberlin

The Bridge

Americans, both the native born and the immigrants, are proud of their country. It is their firm belief that there isn’t a country in the world where the working class is so well off and has such a good lifestyle as over here, that America has far less illness and fewer cripples than most other countries, that America, morally, is far above any other country, and that no other country can show the same degree of freedom, equality, and brotherhood than the United States of America.

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Iotacism And The Pattern Of Vowel Leveling In Roman To Byzantine Era Manuscripts: Perspectives From The Thomas Gignac Corpus, Craig Meister Jan 2012

Iotacism And The Pattern Of Vowel Leveling In Roman To Byzantine Era Manuscripts: Perspectives From The Thomas Gignac Corpus, Craig Meister

Student Works

After centuries of debate surrounding the change of the Greek simple vowels and diphthongs ι, υ, η, οι, and ει into the phoneme /i/, the process known as iotacism (sometimes referred to as itacism) has become not only an anomaly of philological analysis, but the phonetic reality of this vowel shift and leveling from the phonemes /i/, /oi/, /e:/, /y/, and /ei/ to /i/ have yet to be linguistically analyzed successfully within various systems of linguistic modeling. In order to fill this important gap within the history of the Greek language, this research seeks to use the Roman and Byzantine …

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Dansk Sammensluttet Ungdom—D. S. U. The Association Of Danish Youth, Erik Appel Jan 2012

Dansk Sammensluttet Ungdom—D. S. U. The Association Of Danish Youth, Erik Appel

The Bridge

This year, it has been exactly 10 years since the Association of Danish Youth clubs was initiated within the Danish Church. There most likely were Danish youth groups before 1902, but they had little or no connection with each other. They were missing the spur that unity can give and the strength to be found in solidarity.

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