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Articles 4951 - 4980 of 6849

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Promise Of Academic Learning Time In A Dose-Response Model Of Early Reading Achievement, Benjamin Heuston Nov 2008

The Promise Of Academic Learning Time In A Dose-Response Model Of Early Reading Achievement, Benjamin Heuston

Theses and Dissertations

Reading has long been acknowledged to be a critical skill that is best acquired early in life. According to the most recent National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) reports, American public school children continue to struggle to master the basics of reading. Although federal funding in real dollars has increased consistently over time, reading scores have not followed suit, suggesting that fiscal resources have not been applied successfully to the variables that are directly related to reading acquisition and achievement. The current state of affairs therefore suggests the need for identifying a fiscally-targetable, instructionally-relevant variable with a direct, causal relationship …

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Effects Of Lexical Simplification And Elaboration On Esl Readers' Local-Level Perceived Comprehension, Beth Ann Brewer Nov 2008

Effects Of Lexical Simplification And Elaboration On Esl Readers' Local-Level Perceived Comprehension, Beth Ann Brewer

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the effects of single word modification on the perceived comprehension of individual sentences. A test was created by randomly selecting sentences from a college level American history textbook. Each sentence was analyzed using Nation's Range program, and the lowest frequency verbs were selected for modification. Each target verb was simplified (replaced with a higher frequency equivalent) or elaborated (left in the sentence, but followed by a parenthetical definition). Subjects received both treatment types and unmodified control items in a fifty-sentence test. Each sentence was rated by the subjects, as it was read, according to the amount of …

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The Effects Of Homography On Computer-Generated High Frequency Word Lists, Athelia Graham Nov 2008

The Effects Of Homography On Computer-Generated High Frequency Word Lists, Athelia Graham

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the significance of semantics in computer-generated word frequency counts in response to a call for new word lists (Read, 2000; Gardner, 2007). Read claims that no corpus projects to date have produced any "definitive, stand-alone word-frequency lists" (p. 226). Many researchers are wary of the fact that the concept of a word is never clearly defined in most studies that have dealt with word frequency counts. It is clear from the research that one universally acceptable construct for the concept of word does not exist. In fact, many past word frequency counts only examine word forms without …

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The Influence Of Production Accuracy On Suprasegmental Listening Comprehension, Adriana Romanini Nov 2008

The Influence Of Production Accuracy On Suprasegmental Listening Comprehension, Adriana Romanini

Theses and Dissertations

One of the major questions in second language (L2) phonological learning is whether perception precedes (and therefore guides) production. This question is important for knowing what types of training most benefit L2 learners. While most theories assume that perception always precedes production (e.g., Best, 1995; Flege, 1995), several recent studies have found that production may precede perception (e.g., Baker & Trofimovich, 2006; Beach, Brunham, & Kitamura, 2001; Goto, 1971; Sheldon & Strange, 1982; Underbakke, 1993), demonstrating that this complex relationship may differ depending on how and when the L2 is learned. The current study seeks to further explore this relationship …

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An Evaluative Case Study Of A Mathematics Program At A Deaf School In Ghana And An Ecological Explanation For Challenges Preventing Deaf Students Access To Quality Education, Hilary Ann Melander Nov 2008

An Evaluative Case Study Of A Mathematics Program At A Deaf School In Ghana And An Ecological Explanation For Challenges Preventing Deaf Students Access To Quality Education, Hilary Ann Melander

Theses and Dissertations

The two purposes of this study are first, to provide an evaluation of an after-school basic mathematics program at the Demonstration School for the Deaf Junior Secondary School (DemoDeaf) in Mampong-Akuapim, Ghana. Second, it provides an ecological discussion exploring why DemoDeaf students do not have access to quality education. I designed and piloted the math program in 2005 and 2007 as an action researcher and volunteer with the Non-Government Organization (NGO), Signs of Hope International. The program was developed after finding six students in one JSS class could not count to one-hundred and all other students struggled with addition and/or …

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Sacrifice In Marriage: Motives, Behaviors, And Outcomes, Kevin Shitamoto Figuerres Nov 2008

Sacrifice In Marriage: Motives, Behaviors, And Outcomes, Kevin Shitamoto Figuerres

Theses and Dissertations

Today's society appears to have become focused on the individual and his/her exclusive needs in relationships. Self-sacrifice has seemingly become a forgotten value and behavior. The motives for sacrificing for another can widely vary for each individual. This study examined the effects of couples' sacrificing behaviors and the motives for sacrificing on the couples' marital quality. In this research, a random sample of 138 couples from Oakland, CA; Phoenix, AZ; Ogden, UT; and Atlanta, GA were assessed on these variables using the Self Perception of Sacrifice, Partner Perception of Sacrifice, Motives for Sacrifice, Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and Personal Assessment …

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Semantic Role Agency In Perceptions Of The Lexical Items Sick And Evil, Nathan G. Simmons Nov 2008

Semantic Role Agency In Perceptions Of The Lexical Items Sick And Evil, Nathan G. Simmons

Theses and Dissertations

Inspired by an ongoing debate in the clinical sciences concerning the value of evil as a label for human behavior (Mowrer 1960, Staub 1999, Wellman 2000, Williams 2004 etc.), this thesis examines the semantic role of AGENT in the lexical items sick and evil. Williams makes the argument that the label evil removes responsibility from the doctor, whereas, the label sick empowers the doctor in bringing about a cure. While this view is not universally accepted in the field, it does bring to light an interesting question in applied linguistic semantics as to the assignment of agency with respect to …

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Dakota Land In 1862, A Genocide Forgotten: How Civilizational Transformation Can Get Lost In The Fading Rate Of History, Michael Andregg Oct 2008

Dakota Land In 1862, A Genocide Forgotten: How Civilizational Transformation Can Get Lost In The Fading Rate Of History, Michael Andregg

Comparative Civilizations Review

The year of 1862 was critical in a process by which a land larger than many nations was transformed from one civilization to another. But the process was not a classic conquest easily recorded in history books. Rather, it was a slow "digestion" of over 20 million hectares of territory by one civilization, accompanied by moments of true genocide or "ethnic cleansing" during long periods of high death rates for one group and high birth rates and immigration rates for the other group. But this was sufficiently gradual that most historians did not record it on their lists of wars …

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Demographics In World History—Population Explosion And Implosion, Laina Farhat-Holzman Oct 2008

Demographics In World History—Population Explosion And Implosion, Laina Farhat-Holzman

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

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The Claustrum In Autism And Typically Developing Male Children: A Quantitative Mri Study, Warren B. Davis Sep 2008

The Claustrum In Autism And Typically Developing Male Children: A Quantitative Mri Study, Warren B. Davis

Theses and Dissertations

The claustrum (Cl) is a subcortical gray-matter structure housed between the external capsule medially and the extreme capsule laterally. Due to its extensive reciprocal connections throughout the brain, it has been implicated in consciousness and other higher order functions including linking behavior and emotion. Such linkage may be important in understanding the neurobiology of autism since other cortical and subcortical regions including the spatially and ontologically related basal ganglia, as well as limbic structures, have been implicated in the disorder. Participants were males with autism (n=16) and typically developing (TD; n=14) matched for head circumference and age. The Cl and …

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Making Sense Of Their World: Sensory Awareness And Sensory Reactivity As Predictors Of Social Interaction In Early Childhood, Cortney Anne Evans Sep 2008

Making Sense Of Their World: Sensory Awareness And Sensory Reactivity As Predictors Of Social Interaction In Early Childhood, Cortney Anne Evans

Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of this study were to (a) test the validity of a sensory reactivity measure adapted for parents of preschool-age children, (b) examine if different modalities of sensory reactivity (i.e. smell, touch, taste, etc.) emerge together or if differing thresholds of reactivity exist between sensory modalities, (c) see how parental ratings of preschoolers' sensory reactivity are related to children's behaviors in the classroom, and (d) see if sensory reactivity bears different relationships to children's social behaviors than do other aspects of temperament. A total of 260 parents (242 mothers, 18 fathers) and 10 teachers of 260 children (131 male, …

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Mfdi Actively Promotes International Research, Esr Review Sep 2008

Mfdi Actively Promotes International Research, Esr Review

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Law As Relationship: Toward A More Effective And Ethical Legal Reform, Wade Channell Sep 2008

Law As Relationship: Toward A More Effective And Ethical Legal Reform, Wade Channell

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Bottom Billion, Ben Lewis Sep 2008

Bottom Billion, Ben Lewis

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter, Esr Review Sep 2008

Front Matter, Esr Review

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Editor's Introduction: Social Capital, Paul C. Godfrey Sep 2008

Editor's Introduction: Social Capital, Paul C. Godfrey

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Keys To Understanding Your Social Capital, Brian Uzzi Sep 2008

Keys To Understanding Your Social Capital, Brian Uzzi

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Single Mom Initiative Enters The Next Phase, Esr Review Sep 2008

Single Mom Initiative Enters The Next Phase, Esr Review

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Reciprocal Dynamics: Social Capital And Microcredit, Warner P. Woodworth Sep 2008

Reciprocal Dynamics: Social Capital And Microcredit, Warner P. Woodworth

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Social Capital: The Benefits, Potential Costs, And Prospects, Moses Acquaah Sep 2008

Social Capital: The Benefits, Potential Costs, And Prospects, Moses Acquaah

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Diasporas: Exploring Their Development Potential, Liesl Riddle Sep 2008

Diasporas: Exploring Their Development Potential, Liesl Riddle

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Vol. 10 No. 2 Esr Review, Esr Review Sep 2008

Vol. 10 No. 2 Esr Review, Esr Review

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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End Matter, Esr Review Sep 2008

End Matter, Esr Review

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Svc Winners Go A Step Further, Esr Review Sep 2008

Svc Winners Go A Step Further, Esr Review

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Making The Connection Between Prayer, Faith, And Forgiveness In Roman Catholic Families, Mindi Batson, Loren Marks Sep 2008

Making The Connection Between Prayer, Faith, And Forgiveness In Roman Catholic Families, Mindi Batson, Loren Marks

Faculty Publications

This study examines meanings and processes associated with religious practices of prayer, building faith, and forgiving through in-depth, qualitative interviews with six highly religious Roman Catholic families with children. Families were interviewed using a narrative approach that asked participants to share experiences and challenges related to faith and family life. Three primary themes in the interviews included: (a) prayer helps piece the puzzle together, (b) faith builds a foundation, and (c) forgiveness allows unity to flourish.

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Prayer And Marital Intervention: Asking For Divine Help... Or Professional Trouble?, Loren D. Marks Sep 2008

Prayer And Marital Intervention: Asking For Divine Help... Or Professional Trouble?, Loren D. Marks

Faculty Publications

My selected title for this response piece reflects the late David Larson's identification of religion as the university's "anti-tenure topic." Beach, Fincham, Hurt, McNair, and Stanley (hereafter, the authors) have stepped upon some dangerous soil. However, this statement is intended as a welcome, not a threat. I appreciate the authors' efforts to break new ground in an important but highly sensitive domain.

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An Evaluation Of An Upper-Division, General Education Information Literacy Program, Elizabeth S. Hopkins, Suzanne Julian Sep 2008

An Evaluation Of An Upper-Division, General Education Information Literacy Program, Elizabeth S. Hopkins, Suzanne Julian

Faculty Publications

The Advanced Writing library instruction program at Brigham Young University's Harold B. Lee Library (HBLL) is intended to teach junior-level students advanced information literacy and research skills. The university general education curriculum requires students to participate in the program as part of their Advanced Writing course. When anecdotal feedback from librarians and students identified problems with the program, the authors conducted a qualitative evaluation of the program in order to identify problems and possible solutions. The evaluation included a student survey and focus groups with students, librarians, and English faculty. This paper describes the HBLL Advanced Writing instruction program, identifies …

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A Bridge To The Eifel: Clara Viebig And Her Literary Style, Nathan Bates Aug 2008

A Bridge To The Eifel: Clara Viebig And Her Literary Style, Nathan Bates

Student Works

Clara Viebig was a woman author in Germany at the end of the nineteenth century, transitioning into the twentieth century. Viebig was born in Trier at the southern end of a region in western Germany known as the Eifel. Her works often utilized the landscape and countryside of this area, which has given them a unique dynamic. Although Viebig's technique has been examined in light of various literary styles, including naturalism (Krauss-Theim), neo-romanticism (Fleisscher), and Heimatkunst (Ecker), it has never been examined for its own unique merit. I believe that landscape plays a particularly profound role in shaping and influencing …

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Activity In Both Hippocampus And Perirhinal Cortex Predicts The Memory Strength Of Subsequently Remembered Information, Y. Schrager, C. Brock Kirwan, L. R. Squire Aug 2008

Activity In Both Hippocampus And Perirhinal Cortex Predicts The Memory Strength Of Subsequently Remembered Information, Y. Schrager, C. Brock Kirwan, L. R. Squire

Faculty Publications

An influential idea about memory and medial temporal lobe function suggests that hippocampal activity predicts subsequent recognition success only when decisions are based on recollection, whereas perirhinal activity predicts subsequent recognition success when decisions are based on familiarity. An alternative idea is that hippocampal and perirhinal activity are both sensitive to the level of overall memory strength. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we have tested the relationship between brain activity during learning and subsequent memory strength. Activity in a number of cortical regions (including regions within what has been termed the default network) was negatively correlated with subsequent memory strength, …

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Dating In Midlife: A Dyadic Approach Examining Partner Perceptions On Relationship Quality, Rachel Sheffield Aug 2008

Dating In Midlife: A Dyadic Approach Examining Partner Perceptions On Relationship Quality, Rachel Sheffield

Theses and Dissertations

Using a matched-partner dataset of 660 midlife couples, this study examined dating relationships at midlife from the perspective of both male and female partners. It also explored ways various life course factors such as marital history, children, cohabitation, relationship length, and social approval related to partners' perceptions of one another and to subsequent relationship quality. Findings indicated heterogeneity in midlife dating experiences. Actor and partner effects of enhancement were most often linked with greater satisfaction and fewer problems for never-married couples, yet enhancement was not related to relationship stability for them. For couples where only one partner had been previously …

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