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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 38987
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Looking On The Bright Side Of Livestock Emotions—The Potential Of Their Transmission To Promote Positive Welfare, Luigi Baciadonna, Sandra Duepjan, Elodie Briefer, Mónica Padilla De La Torre, Christian Nawroth
Looking On The Bright Side Of Livestock Emotions—The Potential Of Their Transmission To Promote Positive Welfare, Luigi Baciadonna, Sandra Duepjan, Elodie Briefer, Mónica Padilla De La Torre, Christian Nawroth
Elodie Briefer, PhD
Emotions can be defined as an individual’s affective reaction to an external and/or internal event that, in turn, generates a simultaneous cascade of behavioral, physiological, and cognitive changes. Those changes that can be perceived by conspecifics have the potential to also affect other’s emotional states, a process labeled as “emotional contagion.” Especially in the case of gregarious species, such as livestock, emotional contagion can have an impact on the whole group by, for instance, improving group coordination and strengthening social bonds. We noticed that the current trend of research on emotions in livestock, i.e., investigating affective states as a tool …
Cross-Modal Recognition Of Familiar Conspecifics In Goats, Benjamin J. Pitcher, Elodie F. Briefer, Luigi Baciadonna, Alan G. Mcelligott
Cross-Modal Recognition Of Familiar Conspecifics In Goats, Benjamin J. Pitcher, Elodie F. Briefer, Luigi Baciadonna, Alan G. Mcelligott
Elodie Briefer, PhD
When identifying other individuals, animals may match current cues with stored information about that individual from the same sensory modality. Animals may also be able to combine current information with previously acquired information from other sensory modalities, indicating that they possess complex cognitive templates of individuals that are independent of modality. We investigated whether goats (Capra hircus) possess cross-modal representations (auditory–visual) of conspecifics. We presented subjects with recorded conspecific calls broadcast equidistant between two individuals, one of which was the caller. We found that, when presented with a stablemate and another herd member, goats looked towards the caller sooner and …
The Physiological Consequences Of Crib-Biting In Horses In Response To An Acth Challenge Test, S. Briefer Freymond, D. Bardou, Elodie F. Briefer, R. Bruckmaier, N. Fouché, J. Fleury, A.-L. Maigrot, A. Ramseyer, K. Zuberbühler, I. Bachmann
The Physiological Consequences Of Crib-Biting In Horses In Response To An Acth Challenge Test, S. Briefer Freymond, D. Bardou, Elodie F. Briefer, R. Bruckmaier, N. Fouché, J. Fleury, A.-L. Maigrot, A. Ramseyer, K. Zuberbühler, I. Bachmann
Elodie Briefer, PhD
Stereotypies are repetitive and relatively invariant patterns of behavior, which are observed in a wide range of species in captivity. Stereotypic behavior occurs when environmental demands produce a physiological response that, if sustained for an extended period, exceeds the natural physiological regulatory capacity of the organism, particularly in situations that include unpredictability and uncontrollability. One hypothesis is that stereotypic behavior functions to cope with stressful environments, but the existing evidence is contradictory. To address the coping hypothesis of stereotypies, we triggered physiological reactions in 22 horses affected by stereotypic behavior (crib-biters) and 21 non-crib-biters (controls), using an ACTH challenge test. …
Goats Prefer Positive Human Emotional Facial Expressions, Christian Nawroth, Natalia Albuquerque, Carine Savalli, Marie-Sophie Single, Alan G. Mcelligott
Goats Prefer Positive Human Emotional Facial Expressions, Christian Nawroth, Natalia Albuquerque, Carine Savalli, Marie-Sophie Single, Alan G. Mcelligott
Alan G. McElligott, PhD
Domestication has shaped the physiology and the behaviour of animals to better adapt to human environments. Therefore, human facial expressions may be highly informative for animals domesticated for working closely with people, such as dogs and horses. However, it is not known whether other animals, and particularly those domesticated primarily for production, such as goats, are capable of perceiving human emotional cues. In this study, we investigated whether goats can distinguish human facial expressions when simultaneously shown two images of an unfamiliar human with different emotional valences (positive/ happy or negative/angry). Both images were vertically attached to a wall on …
Individual Personality Differences In Goats Predict Their Performance In Visual Learning And Non-Associative Cognitive Tasks, Christian Nawroth, Pamela M. Prentice, Alan G. Mcelligott
Individual Personality Differences In Goats Predict Their Performance In Visual Learning And Non-Associative Cognitive Tasks, Christian Nawroth, Pamela M. Prentice, Alan G. Mcelligott
Alan G. McElligott, PhD
Variation in common personality traits, such as boldness or exploration, is often associated with risk–reward trade–offs and behavioural flexibility. To date, only a few studies have examined the effects of consistent behavioural traits on both learning and cognition. We investigated whether certain personality traits (‘exploration’ and ‘sociability’) of individuals were related to cognitive performance, learning flexibility and learning style in a social ungulate species, the goat (Capra hircus). We also investigated whether a preference for feature cues rather than impaired learning abilities can explain performance variation in a visual discrimination task. We found that personality scores were consistent …
Obat Gatal Pada Kemaluan Pria Di Apotik Kemayoran, Lala Lili
Obat Gatal Pada Kemaluan Pria Di Apotik Kemayoran, Lala Lili
lala lili
Obat Mengatasi Penis Ada Luka Lecet Seperti Sariawan, Alif Nur
Obat Mengatasi Penis Ada Luka Lecet Seperti Sariawan, Alif Nur
Alif Nur
Cara Mengobati Luka Dan Perih Di Bagian Kelamin Pria, Alif Nur
Cara Mengobati Luka Dan Perih Di Bagian Kelamin Pria, Alif Nur
Alif Nur
Looking On The Bright Side Of Livestock Emotions—The Potential Of Their Transmission To Promote Positive Welfare, Luigi Baciadonna, Sandra Duepjan, Elodie Briefer, Mónica Padilla De La Torre, Christian Nawroth
Looking On The Bright Side Of Livestock Emotions—The Potential Of Their Transmission To Promote Positive Welfare, Luigi Baciadonna, Sandra Duepjan, Elodie Briefer, Mónica Padilla De La Torre, Christian Nawroth
Christian Nawroth, PhD
Emotions can be defined as an individual’s affective reaction to an external and/or internal event that, in turn, generates a simultaneous cascade of behavioral, physiological, and cognitive changes. Those changes that can be perceived by conspecifics have the potential to also affect other’s emotional states, a process labeled as “emotional contagion.” Especially in the case of gregarious species, such as livestock, emotional contagion can have an impact on the whole group by, for instance, improving group coordination and strengthening social bonds. We noticed that the current trend of research on emotions in livestock, i.e., investigating affective states as a tool …
Human Demonstration Does Not Facilitate The Performance Of Horses (Equus Caballus) In A Spatial Problem-Solving Task, Joan-Bryce Burla, Janina Siegwart, Christian Nawroth
Human Demonstration Does Not Facilitate The Performance Of Horses (Equus Caballus) In A Spatial Problem-Solving Task, Joan-Bryce Burla, Janina Siegwart, Christian Nawroth
Christian Nawroth, PhD
Horses’ ability to adapt to new environments and to acquire new information plays an important role in handling and training. Social learning in particular would be very adaptive for horses as it enables them to flexibly adjust to new environments. In the context of horse handling, social learning from humans has been rarely investigated but could help to facilitate management practices. We assessed the impact of human demonstration on the spatial problem-solving abilities of horses during a detour task. In this task, a bucket with a food reward was placed behind a double-detour barrier and 16 horses were allocated to …
Goats Prefer Positive Human Emotional Facial Expressions, Christian Nawroth, Natalia Albuquerque, Carine Savalli, Marie-Sophie Single, Alan G. Mcelligott
Goats Prefer Positive Human Emotional Facial Expressions, Christian Nawroth, Natalia Albuquerque, Carine Savalli, Marie-Sophie Single, Alan G. Mcelligott
Christian Nawroth, PhD
Domestication has shaped the physiology and the behaviour of animals to better adapt to human environments. Therefore, human facial expressions may be highly informative for animals domesticated for working closely with people, such as dogs and horses. However, it is not known whether other animals, and particularly those domesticated primarily for production, such as goats, are capable of perceiving human emotional cues. In this study, we investigated whether goats can distinguish human facial expressions when simultaneously shown two images of an unfamiliar human with different emotional valences (positive/ happy or negative/angry). Both images were vertically attached to a wall on …
Human-Directed Behaviour In Goats Is Not Affected By Short-Term Positive Handling, Jan Langbein, Annika Krause, Christian Nawroth
Human-Directed Behaviour In Goats Is Not Affected By Short-Term Positive Handling, Jan Langbein, Annika Krause, Christian Nawroth
Christian Nawroth, PhD
In addition to domestication, interactions with humans or task-specific training during ontogeny have been proposed to play a key role in explaining differences in human–animal communication across species. In livestock, even short-term positive interactions with caretakers or other reference persons can influence human–animal interaction at different levels and over different periods of time. In this study, we investigated human-directed behaviour in the ‘unsolvable task’ paradigm in two groups of domestic goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). One group was positively handled and habituated to a plastic box by the experimenter to retrieve a food reward, while the other group only received standard …
Farm Animal Cognition—Linking Behavior, Welfare And Ethics, Christian Nawroth, Jan Langbein, Marjorie Coulon, Vivian Gabor, Susan Oesterwind, Judith Benz-Schwarzburg, Eberhard Von Borell
Farm Animal Cognition—Linking Behavior, Welfare And Ethics, Christian Nawroth, Jan Langbein, Marjorie Coulon, Vivian Gabor, Susan Oesterwind, Judith Benz-Schwarzburg, Eberhard Von Borell
Christian Nawroth, PhD
Farm animal welfare is a major concern for society and food production. To more accurately evaluate animal farming in general and to avoid exposing farm animals to poor welfare situations, it is necessary to understand not only their behavioral but also their cognitive needs and capacities. Thus, general knowledge of how farm animals perceive and interact with their environment is of major importance for a range of stakeholders, from citizens to politicians to cognitive ethologists to philosophers. This review aims to outline the current state of farm animal cognition research and focuses on ungulate livestock species, such as cattle, horses, …
Freedom Of Association And Ngo Law: The Constitutionality Of The 2009 Zambian Ngo Law, Muna Ndulo
Freedom Of Association And Ngo Law: The Constitutionality Of The 2009 Zambian Ngo Law, Muna Ndulo
Muna B Ndulo
Freedom of Association is entrenched in the Zambian Constitution and in several International Law instruments to which Zambia is a party. By hindering the independent and effective operations of NGOs, the Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) Act of 2009 unjustifiably curtails this freedom. This paper examines the NGO Act and documents the various instances in which it imposes an unconstitutional, unjustifiable and disproportionate hindrance on the ability of NGOs to operate effectively. It argues that the Act threatens to roll back the enormous gains that NGOs have made and continue to make in fermenting accountable, democratic and effective governance in Zambia.
Law Association Of Zambia V. The Attorney General (Appeal No. 8/2014) [2016] Zmsc 243, Muna B. Ndulo, Samuel Ndungu
Law Association Of Zambia V. The Attorney General (Appeal No. 8/2014) [2016] Zmsc 243, Muna B. Ndulo, Samuel Ndungu
Muna B Ndulo
No abstract provided.
Attorney General V Mutuna And Others (Appeal No. 088/2012) [2013] Zmsc 38, Muna B. Ndulo
Attorney General V Mutuna And Others (Appeal No. 088/2012) [2013] Zmsc 38, Muna B. Ndulo
Muna B Ndulo
No abstract provided.
Hichilema And Another V Lungu And Another (2016/Cc/0031) [2016] Zmcc 4 (5 September 2016), Majority Judgment, Muna Ndulo
Hichilema And Another V Lungu And Another (2016/Cc/0031) [2016] Zmcc 4 (5 September 2016), Majority Judgment, Muna Ndulo
Muna B Ndulo
No abstract provided.
Constitution Making: The Role Of External Actors, Muna B. Ndulo
Constitution Making: The Role Of External Actors, Muna B. Ndulo
Muna B Ndulo
In the past three decades new constitutions have been developed in many parts of the world, often in the aftermath of conflicts, but also in response to demands for more democratic political systems or for the resolution of institutional crises. In these processes, the international community often plays an important role. This article considers the role that external actors play in the elaboration and development of new constitutions in post-conflict societies. It identifies both the negative and the positive roles external intervention can play and suggests approaches that could be adopted by external actors to maximize their impact while avoiding …
Jual Obat Aborsi Gresik 085328306456 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Asli Di Gresik
Jual Obat Aborsi Gresik 085328306456 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Asli Di Gresik
Bidan Kuret
Cara Mengatasi Tanpa Oprasi Bintik Kecil Kasar Seperti Kutil Di Penis Dan Anus, Alif Nur
Cara Mengatasi Tanpa Oprasi Bintik Kecil Kasar Seperti Kutil Di Penis Dan Anus, Alif Nur
Alif Nur
Merk Paling Di Cari Sembuhkan Bintik Kecil Kasar Di Anus Dan Penis Di Apotik, Alif Nur
Merk Paling Di Cari Sembuhkan Bintik Kecil Kasar Di Anus Dan Penis Di Apotik, Alif Nur
Alif Nur
Ada Lecet Dan Luka Di Penis Apa Penyebabnya - Apakah Sipil, Alif Nur
Ada Lecet Dan Luka Di Penis Apa Penyebabnya - Apakah Sipil, Alif Nur
Alif Nur
Obat Dan Salep Untuk Lecet Pada Kelamin Pria, Alif Nur
Obat Dan Salep Untuk Lecet Pada Kelamin Pria, Alif Nur
Alif Nur
Effects Of Bilingualism On Language Processing: Evidence From Monolingual (English) And Bilingual (French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, And Arabic) Speakers, Stephanie Castelin, Salim A. Mouloua, Gabriella A. Fiorino, Eric T. Bell, Paola N. Luigi, Zamira Y. Feliz, Andrea A. Alfonsi, Mustapha Mouloua
Effects Of Bilingualism On Language Processing: Evidence From Monolingual (English) And Bilingual (French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, And Arabic) Speakers, Stephanie Castelin, Salim A. Mouloua, Gabriella A. Fiorino, Eric T. Bell, Paola N. Luigi, Zamira Y. Feliz, Andrea A. Alfonsi, Mustapha Mouloua
Stephanie Castelin
Presentation For Marshall University Institutional Repository Proposal, Jingping Zhang, Edward Aractingi, Gretchen Rae Beach, Nathaniel Debruin, Paula Kaplan, Thomas Walker
Presentation For Marshall University Institutional Repository Proposal, Jingping Zhang, Edward Aractingi, Gretchen Rae Beach, Nathaniel Debruin, Paula Kaplan, Thomas Walker
Thomas Walker
The purpose of this proposal is to identify the need for establishing an Institutional Repository at Marshall University to facilitate the collection, preservation, and dissemination of the intellectual output of the students, faculty, and administrative offices of the University.
Institutional Repositories (IRs) provide a digital ‘storehouse’ for academic institutions to house a wide variety of scholarly material created by students, faculty, and administrators. They also provide a readily accessible depository for selected archival material, video and still images, current news and events, procedural and policy guidelines, and other information that benefits the university community and other users, including the public. …
Marshall University Institutional Repository Proposal, Jingping Zhang, Edward Aractingi, Gretchen Rae Beach, Nathaniel Debruin, Paula Kaplan, Thomas Walker
Marshall University Institutional Repository Proposal, Jingping Zhang, Edward Aractingi, Gretchen Rae Beach, Nathaniel Debruin, Paula Kaplan, Thomas Walker
Thomas Walker
The purpose of this proposal is to identify the need for establishing an Institutional Repository at Marshall University to facilitate the collection, preservation, and dissemination of the intellectual output of the students, faculty, and administrative offices of the University.
Institutional Repositories (IRs) provide a digital ‘storehouse’ for academic institutions to house a wide variety of scholarly material created by students, faculty, and administrators. They also provide a readily accessible depository for selected archival material, video and still images, current news and events, procedural and policy guidelines, and other information that benefits the university community and other users, including the public. …
Jual Hammer Of Thor Italy Di Surabaya 081222224090 Made In Italy, Bentrap Surabaya
Jual Hammer Of Thor Italy Di Surabaya 081222224090 Made In Italy, Bentrap Surabaya
bentrap surabaya
Racial Justice In Access To College In Kansas, Bradley Richards
Racial Justice In Access To College In Kansas, Bradley Richards
Bradley Richards
Obat Untuk Mengeringkan Luka Lecet Di Kamaluan Paling Ampuh, Alif Nur
Obat Untuk Mengeringkan Luka Lecet Di Kamaluan Paling Ampuh, Alif Nur
Alif Nur
Kenali Luka Lecet Paling Berbahaya Di Penis-Obat Sipilis, Alif Nur