Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

How Optimal Penalties Change With The Amount Of Harm, Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Eric Bennett Rasmusen

Intuition tells us that the optimal penalty and court care should rise smoothly with the harm to the victim. A formal model is constructed to see if this intuition can be justified, but it appears not to be generally true: sometimes the optimal penalty and court care increase discontinuously with harm, even under reasonable assumptions on the relationship between the penalty and the amount of crime. One reason why criminal penalties are not maximal is that even if they are fines, without real costs, the efficient level of court care will still allow them to sometimes be mistakenly inflicted on …

Electoral Cycles In Federal Government Prime Contract Awards: State-Level Evidence From The 1988 And 1992 Presidential Elections, Kenneth R. Mayer

Kenneth R Mayer

I test for evidence of an electoral cycle in prime contract awards, testing for state-level accelerations in contract awards and deobligations induced by presidential elections.

A Burguesia Contra O Estado? Crise Política, Ação De Classe E Os Rumos Da Transição, Adriano Codato

Adriano Codato

This article discusses the bourgeoisie struggles against "nationalization" (1975-1976), and for "democracy" (1977-1978) and their relation to the transformations of the state system in Brazil after 1974. My objective here is to determine in what way certain organizational formats promoted by the Geisel government (1974-1979) significantly altered the current system of representation of "private" interests, based on corporatism, and its relation to the political conflicts from the "distension" period and the "political opening".

Latino Performance In Rural Public Schools: Grades 3,6,12, Refugio Rochin, Steve Hampton, Javier Ekboir

Refugio I. Rochin

Using multiple regression analysis, we compare non-Latino vs Latino test scores in rural school districts (grades 3,6,12) to determine the "effects" of Latino concentration, English proficiency, socio-economic status and school funding. We find relatively better test results for Latinos as Latino concentration increases. We provide theoretical hypothesis for more study.

Disseminatorik. Zur Dekonstruktion Der Techno-Logik, Rudolf Kaehr

Rudolf Kaehr

POLYKONTEXTURALE LOGIK. Zur Konzeption, Formalisierung und Validierung. PROÖMIK UND DISSEMINATORIK Abbreviaturen transklassischen Denkens. DISKONTEXTURALITATEN: WOZU NEUE FORMEN DES DENKENS? Zur Kritik der logischen Voraussetzungen der Second Order Cybernetics und der Systemtheorie DISSEMINATORIK: ZUR LOGIK DER 'SECOND ORDER CYBERNETICS' Von den 'Laws of Form' zur Logik der Reflexionsform VOM 'SELBST' IN DER SELBSTORGANISATION Reflexionen zu den Problemen der Konzeptionalisierung und Formalisierung selbstbezüglicher Strukturbildungen SUFI´S DRAI: WOZU DISKONTEXTURALITATEN IN DER AI ? KALKÜLE FÜR SELBSTREFERENTIALITAT ODER SELBSTREFERENTIELLE KALKÜLE? SKIZZE EINER GRAPHEMATISCHEN SYSTEMTHEORIE Zur Problematik der Heterarchie verteilter Systeme im Kontext der New „second-order“ Cybernetics EINÜBUNG IN EINE ANDERE LEKTÜRE. Diagramm einer Rekonstruktion …

Technology, Communication And The Future, David Morgan Lochhead

Dr. David Morgan Lochhead

The future in a "society of generalized communications." final reflection at Ecunet '95, Baltimore, Maryland, May 24, 1995

Food For Thought: Teacher Immediacy, Student Learning And Curvilinearity, Jamie Comstock, Elisa Rowell, John W. Bowers

Jayne Marie Comstock

Discusses the relationship between teacher nonverbal immediacy and student cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning. Theoretical and methodological aspects; Experimental design groups; Similarity of intact groups; Manipulation check; Testing effects; Cognitive gain measurement.

Latina Women And Political Leadership: Implications For Latino Community Development, Carol Hardy-Fanta Phd

Carol Hardy-Fanta

No abstract provided.

Open Adoption: Optimum Or Oxymoron?, Mirah Riben

Mirah Riben

Open adoption, an improvement over closed adoption, provides advantages when it works, unfortunately, in too many cases it turns out to be a an unkept promise that is unenforceable.

A theoretical concept in the best interest of children, open adoption is an oxymoron as long as every adoption begins with the relinquishment of all of the original mothers' parental rights.

Written in 1995, when "open adoption" was first starting, the article reports on the difference between truly open and semi open; the unenforceable nature of contact agreements, and stresses the need for agencies to be clear with all parties exactly …

A Perspective On Family Preservation, Mirah Riben

Mirah Riben

No abstract provided.

L'Entreprise En Droit, Jean-Philippe Robé

Jean-Philippe Robé

No abstract provided.

What's Wrong With Exploitation?, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

Abstract: Marx thinks that capitalism is exploitative, and that is a major basis for his objections to it. But what's wrong with exploitation, as Marx sees it? (The paper is exegetical in character: my object is to understand what Marx believed,) The received view, held by Norman Geras, G.A. Cohen, and others, is that Marx thought that capitalism was unjust, because in the crudest sense, capitalists robbed labor of property that was rightfully the workers' because the workers and not the capitalists produced it. This view depends on a Labor Theory of Property (LTP), that property rights are based ultimately …

In Defence Of Exploitation, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

The concept of exploitation is thought to be central to Marx's Critique of capitalism. John Roemer, an analytical (then-) Marxist economist now at Yale, attacked this idea in a series of papers and books in the 1970s-1990s, arguing that Marxists should be concerned with inequality rather than exploitation -- with distribution rather than production, precisely the opposite of what Marx urged in The Critique of the Gotha Progam.

This paper expounds and criticizes Roemer's objections and his alternative inequality based theory of exploitation, while accepting some of his criticisms. It may be viewed as a companion paper to my What's …

Die Antipolitischen Stereotypen Jörg Haiders, Andreas Schedler

Andreas Schedler

No abstract provided.

Successful Policy Formulation Processes: Lessons From 15 Case Experiences In Five Dutch Departments, Robert Hoppe, Henk Graaf Van De, Erik Besseling

Robert Hoppe

No abstract provided.

Nace Una Ciudad. Origen Y Evolución De Las Murallas De Alicante., Pablo Rosser

pablo rosser

Se resume la historia de Alicante y su evolución urbanística a partir de la creación, desarrollo y evolución de los distintos anillos defensivos que se construyeron en Alicante desde la edad media hasta época contemporánea.

Philosophy, Rationality And Argumentation (Libro: Filosofía, Racionalidad Y Argumentación) Spanish, Fernando Estrada

Fernando Estrada

My interest is to understand the problems with some careful handling of the issues, I believe, relevant. Aristotle, Sophocles, Descartes, Hobbes, Kant, Foucault, Popper and other thinkers, are analyzed in their own texts, or in other cases of individual straight to interpret the problems they posed. It is "the freedom the individual, "" democracy "," body "," man, "language" "Ethics," "rationality," "the argumentacin" etc.. For the reader is book support, a resource for which he is challenged to read reseados texts, a letter with ways to analyze in different directions to locate each one that cause you most concern

Policing The Races: Attempts To Enforce Racial Purity In Virginia (1630-1930), John S. Mahoney, Jr. Ph.D., Paul G. Kooistra Ph.D.

John S. Mahoney, Jr. Ph.D.

This paper examines Virginia's "Racial Purity Laws" enacted to deny equal opportunity to black men and women who could "pass" as whites from the early 1600s to the U. S. Supreme Court decision (Loving v. Virginia) in 1967. When physi¬cal charac¬teristics failed to match the legal definition of race, the state used records of vital statistics for boundary mainte¬nance. Birth certificates, in particu¬lar, served as "internal passports" to school assignments, work eligibility, and marriage, denying citizens defined as "Negro" life chances available to whites. It was also found that over time the definition of "Negro" was expanded to include citizens …

Reforma Sindical E Corporativismo No Brasil, Eduardo Meira Zauli Dr.

Eduardo Meira Zauli

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Reasoning Agents In A Dynamic World: The Frame Problem. Kenneth M. Ford And Patrick J. Hayes, Eds.,, Jozsef A. Toth

Jozsef A Toth Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Money Out Of Thin Air: The Nationwide Narrowband Pcs Auction, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

The Federal Communications Commission held its first auction of radio spectrum at the Nationwide Narrowband PCS Auction in July 1994. The simultaneous multiple-round auction, which lasted five days, was an ascending bid auction in which all licenses were offered simultaneously. This paper describes the auction rules and how bidders prepared for the auction. The full history of bidding is presented. Several questions for auction theory are discussed. In the end, the government collected $617 million for ten licenses. The auction was viewed by all as a huge success—an excellent example of bringing economic theory to bear on practical problems of …

Decption And Mutual Trust: A Reply To Strudler, Peter Cramton, J Gregory Dees

Peter Cramton

Alan Strudler has written a stimulating and provocative article about deception in negotiation. He presents his views, in part, in contrast with our earlier work on the Mutual Trust Perspective. We believe that Strudler is wrong in his account of the ethics of deception in negotiation and in his quick dismissal of the Mutual Trust Perspective. Though his mistakes may be informative, his views are potentially harmful to business practice. In this paper, we present arguments against Strudler’s position and attempt to salvage the Mutual-Trust Perspective from his attack. Strudler’s work reaffirms the need for a more pragmatic approach to …

Ratifiable Mechanisms: Learning From Disagreement, Peter Cramton, Thomas R. Palfrey

Peter Cramton

In a mechanism design problem, participation constraints require that all types prefer the proposed mechanism to some status quo. If equilibrium play in the status quo mechanism depends on the players’ beliefs, then the inference drawn if someone objects to the proposed mechanism may alter the participation constraints. We investigate this issue by modeling the mechanism design problem as a two-stage process, consisting of a ratification stage followed by the actual play of the chosen game. We develop and illustrate a new concept, ratifiability, that takes account of inferences from a veto in a consistent way.

Review Of "In An Age Of Experts: The Changing Role Of Professionals In Politics And Public Life", Dietrich Rueschemeyer

Dietrich Rueschemeyer

No abstract provided.

Lethal Laws, David B. Kopel

David B Kopel

Book review of Lethal Laws, which examines the relationsip between gun prohibition and genocide in Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, China, Cambodia, Guatemala, Uganda, and Armenia.

Pobreza, Ciudadanía Y Pacto Social Urbano, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Los años ochenta, en términos socioeconómicos, han sido socialmente definidos como parte de la "década perdida". Las políticas de ajuste estructural dirigidas a solventar las llamadas variables macroeconómicas van dejando –a estas alturas de la década de los noventa una considerable deuda social que, en vez de reducirse, con el paso del tiempo se incrementa considerablemente.

Si bien la pobreza no es un fenómeno nuevo, si se puede afirmar documentadamente que los últimos años no solo que creció, sino que también se transformó y diversificó. Esto significa que la era de los ajustes deja notables cambios cuantitativos y cualitativos en …

Seizure Threshold In Electroconvulsive Therapy: I. Initial Seizure Threshold, C. Edward Coffey, Joseph Lucke, Richard D. Weiner, Andrew D. Krystal, Michael Aque

Joseph Lucke

We measured initial seizure threshold by means of a structured stimulus dosage titration procedure in a clinical sample of 111 depressed patients undergoing brief-pulse, constantcurrent electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Initial seizure threshold was approximately 60 millicoumbs (mc) (10 Joules) on average, but varied widely (6-fold) across patients. Initial seizure threshold was predicted by four variables: electrode placement (higher with bilateral), gender (higher in men), age (higher with increasing age), and dynamic impedance (inverse relationship). Use of neuroleptic medication was associated with a lower seizure threshold. EEG seizure duration was inversely related to initial seizure threshold, but no other relations with seizure …

Seizure Threshold In Electroconvulsive Therapy (Ect): Ii. The Anticonvulsant Effect Of Ect, C. Edward Coffey, Joseph Lucke, Richard D. Weiner, Andrew D. Krystal, Michael Aque

Joseph Lucke

To measure the anticonvulsant effects of a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), we used a flexible stimulus dosage titration procedure to estimate seizure threshold at the first and sixth ECT treatments in 62 patients with depression who were undergoing a course of brief pulse, constant current ECT given at moderately suprathreshold stimulus intensity. Seizure threshold increased by approximately 47% on average, but only 35 (56%) of the 62 patients showed a rise in seizure threshold. The rise in seizure threshold was associated with increasing age, but not with gender, stimulus electrode placement, or initial seizure threshold. Dynamic impedance decreased by …

Assessing Sequential Oncogene Amplification In Human Breast Cancer, Laura E. Janocko, Joseph F. Lucke, David W. Groft, Kathryn A. Brown, Charles A. Smith, Agnese A. Pollice, Sarita G. Singh, Robert Yakulis, Robert J. Hartsock, Stanley E. Shackney

Joseph Lucke

Studies of amplification and/or overexpression of c-myc, HER-2/neu, and H-ras in breast cancer have shown that each is associated with a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility that there is a preferred sequence of amplification of these oncogenes in breast cancer. The frequencies of amplification and patterns of co-amplification of c-myc, HER-2/neu, and H-ras were studied in a group of 84 breast cancers. The data suggested a preferred sequence of amplification that consisted of c-myc amplification-HER-2/neu amplification-H-ras amplification. This model was supported by loglinear analysis. In addition, the levels of amplification of JC-A, a …

Social Aspects Of Digital Libraries, Christine L. Borgman, Marcia J. Bates, Michele V. Bates, Efthimis N. Efthimiadis, Anne J. Gilliland-Swetland, Yasmin B. Kafai, Gregory H. Leazer, Anthony B. Maddox

Christine L. Borgman

No abstract provided.