Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

What Is Brewing In Your Latté? An Economic Analysis Of The Fair Trade Coffee Movement, Erin E. Troland

Kaleidoscope

No abstract provided.

Placing The Chips In An Investor’S Game Of Roulette: Global Warming And Its Effect On The Stock Market, Clayton Bohle

Kaleidoscope

The Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement aimed at cutting greenhouse gas emissions, has radically changed the global market for green technology. The demand for clean energy has increased, causing an influx of new companies producing renewable energy products and creating cleaner processes for fossil fuel consumption. The question is: how can we, as investors, take advantage of this growing market? Through research into the different sectors of the green energy market, this paper breaks down each type of renewable energy, providing an evaluation of the various investment options. Comparing these investments with the different betting options in roulette, the paper …

“In A Competition Full Of Hamburgers, You’Re A Steak:” American Idol And The Role Of Reality Television In The Maintenance Of Our Egos, Kathryn L. Braun

Kaleidoscope

Over the past decade, reality shows have ascended to the top of the Nielsen rating charts and have assumed a dominance that is difficult to cast aside. One such reality show, American Idol has grown in popularity over its last six seasons. This chapter discusses one of the main arguments of a larger honors thesis that examines the underlying motives that keep American viewers watching. As a cultural commodity, American Idol can be viewed as a product of American values and holds a societal purpose for its viewers. Therefore, the arguments within this chapter propose that the great popularity enjoyed …

Albumin Administration In Acute Ischemic Stroke: Safety Analysis Of The Alias Part 2 Multicenter Trial, Michael D. Hill, Renee H. Martin, Yuko Y. Palesch, Claudias S. Moy, Diego Tamariz, Karla J. Ryckborst, Elizabeth B. Jones, David Weisman, L. Creed Pettigrew, Myron D. Ginsberg

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Albumin treatment of ischemic stroke was associated with cardiopulmonary adverse events in previous studies and a low incidence of intracranial hemorrhage. We sought to describe the neurological and cardiopulmonary adverse events in the ALIAS Part 2 Multicenter Trial.

METHODS: Ischemic stroke patients, aged 18-83 and a baseline NIHSS ≥ 6, were randomized to treatment with ALB or saline control within 5 hours of stroke onset. Neurological adverse events included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, hemicraniectomy, neurological deterioration and neurological death. Cardiopulmonary adverse events included pulmonary edema/congestive heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, atrial fibrillation, pneumonia and pulmonary thromboembolism.

RESULTS: …

Ebony And Ivory? Interracial Dating Intentions And Behaviors Of Disadvantaged African American Women In Kentucky, David J. Luke, Carrie B. Oser

Sociology Faculty Publications

Using data from 595 predominantly disadvantaged African American women in Kentucky, this study examines perceptions about racial/ethnic partner availability, cultural mistrust, and racism as correlates of interracial dating intentions and behaviors with both white and Hispanic men. Participants reported levels of dating intentions and behaviors were significantly higher with whites than Hispanics. The multivariate models indicate less cultural mistrust and believing it is easier to find a man of that racial/ethnic category were associated with higher interracial dating intentions. Women were more likely to have dated a white man if they believed it was easier to find a white man …

Temporary Assistance For Needy Families, James P. Ziliak

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

The provision of public assistance to families with children in America faced a watershed moment with the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA). PRWORA replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, which was an entitlement funded via a federal-state matching grant, with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), which is no longer an entitlement and is financed with a fixed federal block-grant to the states. The impetus for reform had been building for at least the two decades prior to passage, but took on greater currency with the dramatic growth …

Trouble In The Tails? What We Know About Earnings Nonresponse Thirty Years After Lillard, Smith, And Welch, Christopher R. Bollinger, Barry T. Hirsch, Charles M. Hokayem, James P. Ziliak

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

Earnings nonresponse in household surveys is widespread, yet there is limited evidence on whether and how nonresponse bias affects measured earnings. This paper examines the patterns and consequences of nonresponse using internal Current Population Survey individual records linked to administrative Social Security Administrative data on earnings for calendar years 2005-2010. Our findings confirm the conjecture by Lillard, Smith, and Welch (1986) that nonresponse across the earnings distribution is U-shaped. Left-tail “strugglers” and right-tail “stars” are least likely to report earnings. Household surveys understate earnings dispersion, reporting too few low and too few extremely high earners. Throughout much of the earnings …

The Crisis Of Identity In Post-Revolutionary Cuban Film: A Sociological Analysis Of Strawberry And Chocolate, Andrew Zachary Shultz

Kaleidoscope

This paper analyzes Tomás Gutiérrez Alea and Juan Carlos Tabío´s Strawberry and Chocolate (1993) from the sociological perspective of film as a cultural text informed by the political, historical, and social world in which it is produced. A symbolic interactionist/cultural studies model is used as a guide for the interpretive and qualitative methods utilized in approaching the film. Of particular interest to the sociological analysis of the film is the changing political context of the Cuban Revolution during the “special period” of the early 1990s, the use of stereotypes in the characterization of the actors, and finally its representation of …

An Analysis Of United States-Iran International Relations, James Tyler Chapman

Kaleidoscope

My research strove to further the knowledge of United States-Iran international relations through comprehensive analysis. I investigated and presented information on the internal politics of Iran, and I analyzed and commented on the organization of the government of Iran. I critically examined the historical scholarship on the affairs of state between the United States and Iran, and I investigated the current state of affairs and prospects for the future. From this understanding, it became possible and necessary for rigorously logical and insightful decisions to be made in the current political environment in which emotions and passions dominate, and I probed …

Using Research And Roi To Drive Partnerships In Public Health Delivery Systems, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Stimulating public-private partnerships (PPP) for health and economic development initiatives requires research that can answer key questions: (1) what are the health and economic returns likely to be realized; (2) over what time frames and with what certainty; (3) what investments are required to achieve results; and (4) what are the implementation strategies most likely to succeed. This presentation reviews ongoing research on the PPPs used to deliver public health services in the U.S., and explores the lessons this research offers PPPs in low and middle income countries. We examine how scientific evidence on public health delivery systems and their …

What It Takes To Get Passed On: Message Content, Style, And Structure As Predictors Of Retransmission In The Boston Marathon Bombing Response, Jeannette Sutton, C. Ben Gibson, Emma S. Spiro, Cedar League, Sean M. Fitzhugh, Carter T. Butts

Communication Faculty Publications

Message retransmission is a central aspect of information diffusion. In a disaster context, the passing on of official warning messages by members of the public also serves as a behavioral indicator of message salience, suggesting that particular messages are (or are not) perceived by the public to be both noteworthy and valuable enough to share with others. This study provides the first examination of terse message retransmission of official warning messages in response to a domestic terrorist attack, the Boston Marathon Bombing in 2013. Using messages posted from public officials' Twitter accounts that were active during the period of the …

Estimating Patient-Centered And Community-Centered Treatment Effects: Examples From Medical Care And Public Health, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Health services researchers face growing clinical and policy imperatives for estimating how the effectiveness of medical and public health interventions vary across patients, population groups, and community settings. Recent advances in local instrumental variables estimation techniques allow for the estimation of person-specific and community-specific treatment effects in the presence of unobserved heterogeneity. This presentation explores examples from both medicine and public health following the local IV methods developed by Basu et al. (2013).

Preserving Kentucky’S Newspapers: Analogue Beginnings To Digital Frontier, Kopana Terry, Eric Weig

Library Presentations

Over fifty years ago an historian and a library director traveled the back roads of Kentucky (USA) with a portable microfilm camera, two lights, and a dream of preserving Kentucky’s newspapers. From their ambitions arose a successful newspaper preservation program at the University of Kentucky Libraries (UKL). Now in its sixth decade, the program has developed a new way of preserving contemporary born-digital newspapers. This paper explores some of the people and events behind the early success of UKL’s program, as well as an in-depth look at the development and functionality of Paper Vault: a largely automated, in-house process delivering …

Preserving Kentucky’S Newspapers: Analogue Beginnings To Digital Frontier, Kopana Terry, Eric Weig

Eric C. Weig

Over fifty years ago an historian and a library director traveled the back roads of Kentucky (USA) with a portable microfilm camera, two lights, and a dream of preserving Kentucky’s newspapers. From their ambitions arose a successful newspaper preservation program at the University of Kentucky Libraries (UKL). Now in its sixth decade, the program has developed a new way of preserving contemporary born-digital newspapers. This paper explores some of the people and events behind the early success of UKL’s program, as well as an in-depth look at the development and functionality of Paper Vault: a largely automated, in-house process delivering …

Foundational Public Health Services And Health System Reform, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

The Institute of Medicine's 2012 report on public health financing recommended a national initiative to identify the components and costs of a "minimum package" of public health programs and infrastructure that should be available in every U.S. community. In response, efforts are now underway to reach consensus on a set of "Foundational Public Health Services" for the nation, and to identify resource requirements for implementing these services. This presentation reviews existing research on the current availability of Foundational Public Health Services across the U.S. and the health and economic effects attributable to these services. We also review progress on ongoing …

"Diversity + Inclusion = Community" Introduction And Wrap Up, Ruth E. Bryan

Library Presentations

This presentation articulates a definition of "diversity," "inclusion," and "community" as used by the Retreat Planning Committee to frame the speakers and activities at the University of Kentucky Libraries all-staff retreat in August 2015.

Fundamentals Of Economic Evaluation For Public Health, Glen P. Mays, Cezar Mamaril

Health Management and Policy Presentations

This workshop provides an overview of the design and implementation of economic evaluation studies of public health programs and policies. Strategies for integrating economic evaluation principles, measurement strategies, analytic approaches, and results into the routine operations of public health agencies are examined.

Economic Evaluation Of Fungal Meningitis Outbreak Response In New River Valley: Local Health Department Perspective, Kaja M. Abbas, Nargesalsadat Dorratoltaj, Margaret L. O’Dell, Paige Bordwine, Thomas M. Kerkering, Kerry J. Redican

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Background: The multi-state fungal meningitis outbreak started in September 2012 in Tennessee. The cause of the outbreak was injection of contaminated lots of methylprednisolone acetate used in epidural spinal injections. Roanoke and New River Valley were the epicenter of this outbreak in Virginia, with two clinical centers having administered the contaminated injections to their patients. New River Health District, in coordination with hospitals, and state and federal agencies, deployed its resources to control the local impact of the outbreak.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to conduct an economic evaluation of the fungal meningitis outbreak response in New River …

Measuring Changes In Local Surveillance And Investigation Capacity, Christine A. Bevc, Mary V. Davis, Anna P. Schenck

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Background: The outbreak of Ebola virus disease in West Africa and confirmation of the first cases in the United States highlight the need for robust and responsive public health surveillance system. With a 25% decline in funding since 2007, the impact on local surveillance capacities has not previously been described.

Purpose: The Surveillance & Investigation domain of the Local Health Department Preparedness Capacities Survey (PCAS) was reweighted to reflect the national profile of LHDs. Changes in subdomain performance of capacities and the effect of population size on subdomain capacity performance were examined over time.

Methods: Participating LHDs (n=208) …

Developmental Changes In Analytic And Holistic Processes In Face Perception, Jane E. Joseph, Michelle D. Dibartolo, Ramesh S. Bhatt

Psychology Faculty Publications

Although infants demonstrate sensitivity to some kinds of perceptual information in faces, many face capacities continue to develop throughout childhood. One debate is the degree to which children perceive faces analytically versus holistically and how these processes undergo developmental change. In the present study, school-aged children and adults performed a perceptual matching task with upright and inverted face and house pairs that varied in similarity of featural or 2^nd order configural information. Holistic processing was operationalized as the degree of serial processing when discriminating faces and houses [i.e., increased reaction time (RT), as more features or spacing relations were …

Beyond Bivariate Correlations: Three-Block Partial Least Squares Illustrated With Vegetation, Soil, And Topography, Daehyun Kim, Thomas J. Dewitt, Cesar S. B. Costa, John A. Kupfer, Ryan W. Mcewan, J. Anthony Stallins

Geography Faculty Publications

Ecologists, particularly those engaged in biogeomorphic studies, often seek to connect data from three or more domains. Using three-block partial least squares regression, we present a procedure to quantify and define bi-variance and tri-variance of data blocks related to plant communities, their soil parameters, and topography. Bi-variance indicates the total amount of covariation between these three domains taken in pairs, whereas tri-variance refers to the common variance shared by all domains. We characterized relationships among three domains (plant communities, soil properties, topography) for a salt marsh, four coastal dunes, and two temperate forests spanning several regions in the world. We …

Your Professional Brand, Jennifer A. Bartlett

Library Faculty and Staff Publications

This column discusses recent publications in the library literature on the topic of professional marketing and promotion in the context of defining and establishing personal brands.

Student Loan Debt: The Devil Is In The Details, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

Student loan debt has received a great deal of attention on in the popular press recently. However, the statistics and data that are frequently presented fail to fully capture the complexity of student loans and student debt. This brief presents a more complete picture of student loan debt, examining not only average debt of student borrowers, but presenting a full assessment of the distribution of debt and the types of schools.

Medicaid Crowd-Out Of Other Public Health Spending: Modeling Economic & Health Effects, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

MOTIVATION: Thirty states are expanding Medicaid eligibility under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) as of 2015, and while federal funds cover most costs for newly eligible recipients, states must share the additional costs of covering previously-eligible state residents who enroll in Medicaid. States, together with their local government counterparts, also provide the vast majority (87%) of public sector funds for public health programs designed to promote health and prevent disease and injury on a population-wide basis. Fiscal constraints and generous federal matching funds create strong budgetary incentives for states to channel their health-related spending to Medicaid rather than to other …

Altered Lysosomal Proteins In Neural-Derived Plasma Exosomes In Preclinical Alzheimer Disease, Edward J. Goetzl, Adam Boxer, Janice B. Schwartz, Erin L. Abner, Ronald C. Petersen, Bruce L. Miller, Dimitrios Kapogiannis

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: Diverse autolysosomal proteins were quantified in neurally derived blood exosomes from patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and controls to investigate disordered neuronal autophagy.

METHODS: Blood exosomes obtained once from patients with AD (n = 26) or frontotemporal dementia (n = 16), other patients with AD (n = 20) both when cognitively normal and 1 to 10 years later when diagnosed, and case controls were enriched for neural sources by anti-human L1CAM antibody immunoabsorption. Extracted exosomal proteins were quantified by ELISAs and normalized with the CD81 exosomal marker.

RESULTS: Mean exosomal levels of cathepsin D, lysosome-associated membrane …

Negative Urgency And Lack Of Perseverance: Identification Of Differential Pathways Of Onset And Maintenance Risk In The Longitudinal Prediction Of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, Elizabeth N. Riley, Jessica L. Combs, Carol E. Jordan, Gregory T. Smith

Psychology Faculty Publications

Many researchers have identified impulsivity-related personality traits as correlates of and risk factors for nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Using a longitudinal design, we tested the hypothesis that one such trait, negative urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed), predicts the onset of NSSI during the first year of college and a different trait, lack of perseverance (the disposition to fail to maintain focus on tasks that are difficult or boring), predicts the maintenance of NSSI during the first year of college. In a sample of n = 1,158 college women (mean age = 18.04, 95% of participants were 18 at …

The Streets As Examples Of “True” Democracy? The South-American Experience, Carlos De La Torre

Sociology Faculty Publications

Building on the existing literature this paper analyzes how – at the turn of the century and into the 21st century – activists in Ecuador, Venezuela and Bolivia constructed narratives that focused on “the people in action”. Advocates of the insurrections framed myths of the pure and oppressed people revolting against the tyranny of economic and political elites. Elites responded by differentiating the authentic people from the mob. Indigenous and other poor and non-white protestors were portrayed by elites as the rabble, as uncivilized, and in general, as a danger to democracy.

Southeastern Law Librarian Summer 2015, Seaall

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Low Neural Exosomal Levels Of Cellular Survival Factors In Alzheimer's Disease, Edward J. Goetzl, Adam Boxer, Janice B. Schwartz, Erin Abner, Ronald C. Petersen, Bruce L. Miller, Olga D. Carlson, Maja Mustapic, Dimitrios Kapogiannis

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Transcription factors that mediate neuronal defenses against diverse stresses were quantified in plasma neural-derived exosomes of Alzheimer's disease or frontotemporal dementia patients and matched controls. Exosomal levels of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6, heat-shock factor-1, and repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor all were significantly lower in Alzheimer's disease patients than controls (P < 0.0001). In frontotemporal dementia, the only significant difference was higher levels of repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor than in controls. Exosomal transcription factors were diminished 2-10 years before clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Low exosomal levels of survival proteins may explain decreased neuronal resistance to Alzheimer's disease neurotoxic proteins.

Characteristics Of A Megajournal: A Bibliometric Case Study, C. Sean Burns

Information Science Faculty Publications

The term megajournal is used to describe publication platforms, like PLOS ONE, that claim to incorporate peer review processes and web technologies that allow fast review and publishing. These platforms also publish without the constraints of periodic issues and instead publish daily. We conducted a yearlong bibliometric profile of a sample of articles published in the first several months after the launch of PeerJ, a peer reviewed, open access publishing platform in the medical and biological sciences. The profile included a study of author characteristics, peer review characteristics, usage and social metrics, and a citation analysis. We found …