Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Two Views Of Sex Differences In Socialization, Patricia Draper

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The literature on the socialization of human sex differences is likely to remind many students of the parable about the blind men who were grouped around an elephant, each trying to describe to the others what the elephant was like. Several traditions of research in the social sciences have been involved in the study of why the sexes are different. One that emphasizes deliberate sex role training of children owes most of its insights to learning theory and developmental psychology. It regards sex role socialization as the result of interplay between the environmental experience and the child's active learning and …

Beating A Dead Horse: Reply To Levy’S Comments, Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The author reponds with a rebuttal to comments made by Jerrold E. Levy concerning his paper "Ecological Aspcets of Equestrian Adaptations in Aboriginal North America" which was published in American Anthropologist, volume 85, pages 562-591.

Sex Differences In The Recognition Of Infant Facial Expressions Of Emotion: The Primary Caretaker Hypothesis, Raymond B. Hames, Wayne A. Babchuk

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Although much research has been devoted to studying sex differences In functioning (e.g., Maccoby and Jacklin 1974), most efforts have been directed toward documenting or elucidating the proximate causes of sex differences. Few attempts have been made, however, to explain the ultimate causes of these differences or the selective pressures that have led to the development or psychological differences between males and females [for exception see Symons (1979) and Daly and Wilson (1983)]. Toward this end of blending psychology with evolutionary theory we develop what we call the " primary caretaker hypothesis," which predicts that the sex that through evolutionary …

Loan Payments To Secured Creditors As Preferences Under The 1984 Bankruptcy Amendments, Richard F. Duncan

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

The recent bankruptcy amendments made significant revisions in the law of preferences. At least one of these changes, the elimination of the forty-five day rule from section 547(c)(2), has the potential of rendering the trustee impotent against creditors who receive preferential loan payments while other creditors go unpaid. If this possibility materializes, the primary policy of bankruptcy preference law, equality of distribution among similarly situated creditors, will be severely undercut. The bankruptcy courts should respond by construing the ordinary course requirement strictly so as to avoid extending its protection to preferential payments of long-term loans and other atypical financings. If …

Review Of The Rocky Mountains: A Vision For Artists In The Nineteenth Century By Patricia Trenton And Peter H. Hassrick & Karl Bodmer's America Introduction By William H. Goetzmann, Richard W. Etulain

Great Plains Quarterly

Historians have generally paid less attention to western art than to other facets of western American cultural history such as literature, religion, and education. Perhaps this lacuna results from historians' lack of knowledge about art history or from their reluctance to venture into the tangled thickets of art criticism. At any rate, except for the useful book length studies of John C. Ewers and Robert Taft (both non-historians) and the less extensive but probing commentaries of William Goetzmann and two of his students, Brian Dippie and Joseph C. Porter, historians only occasionally discuss artistic treatments of the American West.^{1 …}

Title And Contents- Winter 1985

Great Plains Quarterly

Great Plains Quarterly

Winter 1985 Volume 5 Number 1

CONTENTS

EUROPEAN INFLUENCE ON THE VISUAL ARTS OF THE GREAT PLAINS: AN INTRODUCTION Jon Nelson

PACKAGING THE GREAT PLAINS: THE ROLE OF THE VISUAL ARTS Roger B. Stein

ORIGINALITY AND INFLUENCE IN GEORGE CALEB BINGHAM'S ART Stephen C. Behrendt

COWBOY KNIGHTS AND PRAIRIE MADONNAS: AMERICAN ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE PLAINS AND PRE-RAPHAELITE ART Kirsten H. Powell

BIRGER SANDZEN: A PAINTER AND HIS TWO WORLDS Emory Lindquist

BOOK REVIEWS

REVIEW ESSAY: RECENT INTERPRETATIONS OF WESTERN AMERICAN ART

The Rocky Mountains: A Vision for Artists in the Nineteenth Century and Karl Bodmer's America Richard …

Review Of The Indian Arts And Crafts Board: An Aspect Of New Deal Indian Policy By Robert Fay Schrader, C. Adrian Heidenreich

Great Plains Quarterly

In fourteen chapters and thirty-nine pages of notes Schrader chronicles the Indian Arts and Crafts Board during its development from the late 1920s to the passage of the Indian Arts and Crafts Board Act in 1935 and its work until 1945. Placing it within the general sociopolitical context of New Deal policies, including those of the Indian office, he provides a careful, detailed, chronological account of the background, activities, accomplishments, and, above all, the struggles of the board.

The central argument of this book is that the board, one of the major Roosevelt-Collier "Indian New Deal" programs, was the most …

Originality And Influence In George Caleb Bingham's Art, Stephen C. Behrendt

Great Plains Quarterly

The work of "the Missouri artist," George Caleb Bingham (1811-79), offers us a good opportunity for considering the broad subject of originality and influence in the arts. The combination of originality and convention in paintings such as Fur Traders Descending the Missouri, The Jolly Flatboatmen, and The County Election can tell us much about the dynamics of that branch of American art which sought to reconcile the inherited traditions of formal, academic European art with the often strikingly unconventional reality of a New World.

Often condescendingly labeled "regional" art because of its frequently eclectic emphasis upon the local and the …

Review Of John Steuart Curry And Grant Wood: A Portrait Of Rural America By Joseph S. Czestochowski, Robert Spence

Great Plains Quarterly

This catalogue was assembled to coincide with an exhibition of "the best works" (p. 5) of two of our most famous American scene painters, Grant Wood (1892-1942) of Iowa and John Steuart Curry (1897-1946) of Kansas. The exhibition traveled, fittingly, to museums in Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas, and was very well received.

Make no mistake about it, the Midwestern Regionalists are "in": the bellwether artistsCurry, Wood, and their friend Thomas Hart Benton of Missouri-have been rescued from the obscurity to which they were consigned during the heyday of abstractionism after world War II. Mr. Czestochowski, an established museum professional and …

Birger Sandzén: A Painter And His Two Worlds, Emory Lindquist

Great Plains Quarterly

Birger Sandzén, Swedish-born painter and lithographer, achieved a national reputation during the more than half a century that he was associated with Bethany College in Lindsborg, Kansas. His place in the mainstream of American landscape painting is readily apparent if one considers the vast number of exhibitions of his paintings, which ranged from hand-carried portfolios in a school or church to one-man shows in major galleries in the United States and Europe.

Although Sandzén's paintings had been exhibited before, his national reputation really began in 1922 with a showing of his work at the Babcock Galleries in New York City. …

Notes And News- Winter 1985

Great Plains Quarterly

Notes and News

GRANT AWARDED

ART ACQUISITIONS

CENTER FOR GREAT PLAINS STUDIES SYMPOSIA

CONFERENCES IN RELATED FIELDS

European Influence On The Visual Arts Of The Great Plains An Introduction, Jon Nelson

Great Plains Quarterly

From colonial times, American art has been subject to European stylistic influences, but art historians have not heretofore devoted much attention to the effect of such influences on the visual art of the Great Plains. Thus this topic seemed a fruitful theme for the 1984 annual symposium of the Center for Great Plains Studies, as was proved by the variety of proposals elicited by a call for papers. Many of the submitted papers concerned the various manifestations of Romanticism and its effects on painting in and of the region. Romanticism, an imprecise term, covers a multitude of feelings, philosophies, and …

Extending Orientation: Telephone Contacts By Peer Advisers, John Ragle, Kathleen Krone

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

The telephone has been used for delivering a variety of services to college students. Because consumers typically initiate the telephone contact themselves, the effectiveness of these programs depends on the extent to which students are aware of the availability of services and of their own needs for assistance. First-semester freshmen may have the least adequate information about what constitutes a problem and where to go for help on campus. In 1982 the Dean of Students Office at the University of Texas at Austin conducted a pilot study of a telephone contact program in which peer advisers placed telephone calls to …

Walking Straight Home From School: Pedestrian Route Choice By Young Children, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Unobtrusive observations of 50 randomly selected pedestrian youngsters were made after the children had been dismissed from elementary schoois in Lincoln, Nebraska. The results demonstrate that (a) 88 percent of the students walked directly to a residential dwelling: (b) 98 percent chose a least-distance path from their school to their residence or other destination: (c) the majority of students (62 percent), by choosing to minimize distance, found their route choices reduced to a single route option:' and (d) when faced with the choice between two or more distance-minimizing routes, the children in this study selected structurally more complex routes than …

Review Of Aesthetics And The Sociology Of Art, By Janet Wolff, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

In this compactly written and generally accessible monograph, Janet Wolff outlines the contours of reductionism and ideology as central issues in the sociology of art. She provides a thorough critique of contemporary sociological practice, surgically identifying sloppy logic and intellectual imperialism in nearly every recent attempt to solve the "problem" of aesthetics sociologically. Upon completing the book, the reader will no doubt feel greatly informed about a wide range of epistemological, methodological, and ideological issues. At the same time, the reader may feel perplexed in his/her attempt to frame an answer to the question, "What's the next step?" Hence, the …

The Ecology Of Foraging Behavior: Implications For Animal Learning And Memory, Alan Kamil, Herbert L. Roitblat

Avian Cognition Papers

In his recent Annual Review of Psychology article, Snowdon (1983) discussed the synthesis of ethology and comparative psychology. A similar synthesis of behavioral ecology and animal learning is beginning to take place. This article reviews developments in the behavioral ecology and ethology of foraging behavior relevant to psychological research on animal learning. The psychological literature shows that animals possess a wide range of learning abilities, including “simple” classical and operant conditioning; they acquire spatial, nonspatial, and temporal discriminations; they exhibit various forms of rule learning (e.g. matching-to-sample and learning set), and may even in certain senses learn language. Why does …

Cowboy Knights And Prairie Madonnas American Illustrations Of The Plains And Pre-Raphaelite Art, Kirsten H. Powell

Great Plains Quarterly

In 1911, Dorothy Canfield's short story "The Westerner" appeared in Scribner's Magazine.¹ The story describes the chauvinism of Joanna, a young lady from Kansas who, when sent East to attend college, tries to convince her friends that eastern notions of the West are misconceptions. "You think all Western men are long haired cowpunchers!" she cries to her Maineborn roommate. "Let me tell you that they are not, but a great deal better-dressed, and more up-to-date and-and cultivated than these silly Eastern boys!" She takes her crusade to Hillsboro, Vermont, where she informs her elderly cousins that there is no …

Packaging The Great Plains The Role Of The Visual Arts, Roger B. Stein

Great Plains Quarterly

To consider the influence of Europe upon the visual arts of the Great Plains is to engender not only a new body of information but also some complex methodological questions of concern not only to the specialist but to the student of the region more generally. How does a regional perspective focus one's investigation? How does "influence" work within a culture and how, specifically, that of Europe upon American and western culture? Finally, how do the visual arts function to shed light on these broader questions? It is the last of these questions that I will address here, not as …

Job Satisfaction And Women’S Spheres Of Work, Helen A. Moore

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Job satisfaction for women workers is traditionally researched from the job-gender model in which sex roles generate the research framework. Women employed in the labor market are viewed as responding primarily to the confines of sex roles, as opposed to the structural rewards and constraints of the labor market itself. We reexamined earlier studies that found no effect of the labor market on job satisfaction for women. Reanalysis of the 1972-1973 Quality of Employment national survey revealed significantly different levels of job satisfaction, which are in part structured by the characteristics of the labor market sectors in which women and …

Hegemonic Life-Worlds: A Discussion Of The Phenomenology Of Routes And Connectivity In Planning And Design, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

I. Introduction

II. The Social Context of Spatiality

I I I . Class-Ernbedded Descriptions of Routes: A Personal Example

IV. Designers and Hegemony

A. Life-World Hegemony

B. Hegemony and Opposition

E. An Example of Gender-Specific Hegemony

D. Access, Disability, Physical Design and Collective Responsibility

V. Positivist Hegemony and Destruction of Human Values

VI. Positivist Conceptions of Routes

A. Arithmetizing Paths

B. Geometrizing Paths

C. Discussion: The Maze at Hampton Court

VII. Toward the Phenomenology of Routes

A. A Program of Investigation

B. Discussion

An Evaluation Of Condition Indices For Birds, Douglas H. Johnson, Gary L. Krapu, Kenneth J. Reinecke, Dennis G. Jorde

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

A Lipid Index, the ratio of fat to fat-free dry weight, is proposed as a measure of fat stores in birds. The estimation of the index from field measurements of live birds is illustrated with data on the sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) and greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons). Of the various methods of assessing fat stores, lipid extraction is the most accurate but also the most involved. Water extraction is a simpler laboratory method that provides a good index to fat and can be calibrated to serve as an estimator. Body weight itself is often inadequate …

Evaluation Of Mark-Recapture For Estimating Striped Skunk Abundance, Raymond J. Greenwood, Alan B. Sargeant, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The mark-recapture method for estimating striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) abundance was evaluated by systematically live-trapping a radio-equipped population on a 31.4-km2 study area in North Dakota during late April of 1977 and 1978. The study population was 10 females and 13 males in 1977 and 20 females and 8 males in 1978. Skunks were almost exclusively nocturnal. Males traveled greater nightly distances than females (3.3 vs. 2.6 km, P < 0.05) and had larger home ranges (308 vs. 242 ha) although not significantly so. Increased windchill reduced night-time activity. The population was demographically but not geographically closed. Frequency of capture was positively correlated with time skunks spent on the study area. Little variation in capture probabilities was found among trap-nights. Skunks exhibited neither trap-proneness nor shyness. Capture rates in 1977 were higher for males than for females; the reverse occurred in 1978. Variation in individual capture rates was indicated among males in 1977 and among females in 1978. Ten estimators produced generally similar results, but all underestimated true population size. Underestimation was a function of the number of untrapped skunks, primarily those that spent limited time on the study area. The jackknife method produced the best estimates of skunk abundance.

Quick Estimates Of Success Rates Of Duck Nests, Douglas H. Johnson, Albert T. Klett

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Waterfowl investigators are now generally convinced that the usual way of estimating nest success, dividing the number of nests from which eggs hatch by the number of nests found, may be highly biased and misleading. The bias is caused by the greater chance of finding a successful nest (which persists for a rather long time) than an unsuccessful one (which might be present for only a few days). Hammond and Forward (1956) mentioned problems with this apparent rate of nest success, but the deficiencies were widely ignored by waterfowl biologists until Miller and Johnson (1978) brought attention to them again …

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative Address To The World Economic Forum Geneva, Switzerland December 6, 1985, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

I'm very pleased that e World Economic Forum has provided me with my first opportunity to address a European audience since becoming the United states Trade Representative on July 1. As you know, I had hoped to be here sooner, in September, but had to cancel that trip when President Reagan decided to take some tough new trade actions on September 7.

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative Foreign Correspondents Club Tokyo, Japan August 13, 1985, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

It's a pleasure to be here in Japan for my first major overseas trip since becoming U.S. Trade Representative on July 1. I have been hoping that my first major speech outside the United States would be in Japan. Thanks to the kind invitation of the Foreign Correspondents Club, that hope is now being realized.

Control Of Insect Pests In Recent Mammal Collections, S. L. Williams, Hugh H. Genoways, D. A. Schlitter

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

A review is made of numerous insecticides to determine their suitability for use in Recent mammal collections. Factors determining their value were based on human safety, ability to protect specimens without adverse effects, and other considerations. The more favorable insecticides to use in mammal collections include Dowfume 75, sulfuryl fluoride. dimethyldiclorovinyl phosphate, paradichlorobenzene, carbon dioxide, and naphthalene. Insecticides that are considered less favor able because of many limitations included aldrin, dieldrin, arsenic, borax, mitin, ethylene oxide, methoxychlor, methyl bromide, and pyrethrum. There are some insecticides that should never be used because of extreme health and/or fire hazards. These include carbon …

On The Possibility And Realization Of Feminist Art, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The focus of this paper is the possibility and realization of feminist art. I will move directly to the central arguments--outlining the case against and the case for the possibility of feminist art. I will argue that a sociological perspective leads one inexorably to the firm possibility of feminist art. Finally, I will open discussion toward the realization of feminist art and invite you to begin with me an exploration of sociology’s potential contributions to the realization of this feminist project.

Intellectual Violence, Democratic Legitimation, And The War Over The Family, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

This paper presents a view of democratically rationalized repression as a framework within which to discuss Brigitte Berger and Peter L. Berger's recent anti-feminist, bourgeois apologetic: The War over the Family: Capturing the Middle Ground. The Bergers' book is presented as an example of intellectual violence, a ruthless attempt to legitimate continuing patriarchal dominance through perverted appeals to "democracy" and democratic principles of fairness and consensus.

Wpa News 7 (1985), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (January 1985), number 7

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Program Characteristics Of Semesterized Secondary Vocational Agriculture/Agribusiness Programs Which Promote Student Involvement In Supervised Occupational Experience Programs And Ffa Leadership Activities, Lloyd C. Bell

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Scholarship

No abstract provided.