Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Kabul Times, June 1972, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Kabul Times, May 1972, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Short-Term Memory For Auditory Digit Sequences As A Function Of Systematic Manipulation Of Encoding Technique, Digit Duration, And Interdigit Interval, John G. Miscik

Student Work

The experiment tested whether short term retention for auditory digit sequences could be improved by efficient encoding techniques (ET) and increases in either digit duration (DD) or interdigit interval (IDI). All three hypotheses received strong support from the data. In addition, analysis of interactions between length of retention interval (RI) and DD, IDI, and ET led to the conclusions that longer DD and IDI permit increased resistance to forgetting during RI, while efficient ET improves retention regardless of RI.

Kaleidoscope Newsletter, Vol. 01, No. 01, Carol Lunbeck

Publications

The Urban Affairs Kaleidoscope is a publication of the School of Public Affairs and Community Service.

Kabul Times, April 1972, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

A Test Of The Effects Of Reinforcement And Cognitive Conflict On Moral Judgment, James D. Doornink

Student Work

This is a thesis dealing with moral judgment in adolescents. Specifically, the study tests the efficacy of cognitive conflict and reinforcement as agents of moral growth in adolescents. The purpose of the investigation is to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for development in moral reasoning.

Kohlberg (1958) has presented a systematic theory of moral growth in children, adolescents, and adults. He defined moral judgment as "the child's use and interpretation of rules in conflict situations and his reasons for moral actionsf (Kohlberg, 1964, p. 394)." Moral judgment is not correct knowledge of rules or conventional belief in …

A Survey Of Action-Learning Opportunities, Donald J. Eberly, Richard A. Graham, Sally S. Fuller

Service Learning, General

This is a preliminary report on a survey of Action-Learning opportunities conducted in the Spring of 1972. The survey director was Allan Cameron; a grant from the White House Committee on Youth enabled a number of persons age 15-20 to participate in the survey

Cua Census Report Number 03: Indian Population In Douglas County, Carol Lunbeck

Publications

In spite of the recent emphasis on minority group problems, there are still significant gaps in the store of knowledge about the American Indian in the urban setting. Omaha is not unique. Much empirical data can be found in the census figures, but it must be extracted and synthesized before it becomes meaningful. Even so, the picture of the urban Indian in Omaha is far from complete. If realistic solutions to the problems confronting urban Indians are to be found, a great deal more empirical research·should precede and accompany the development of programs. Programs which would attack the social inequities …

Report - Phase Ii, Ken White

Publications

Where Phase I of the Corridor Selection Study concerned the delineation of neighborhood boundaries and establishment of cohesiveness levels, Phase I I emphasizes the impact of the highway on the neighborhoods. The following discussion is based on the assumption that the construction of a highway wiII have an impact on the surrounding neighborhoods, and that it is possible to measure and predict the nature and direction of the impact.

Changing Income Patterns Of The Omaha Metropolitan Area Black Populations, Ralph H. Todd

Publications

This study investigates the changing income patterns of black families and unrelated individuals in the Omaha metropolitan area. 1 The study carried out at the Center for Applied Urban Research is based upon 1960 and 1970 census statistics and involves comparing the distribution of reported incomes for 1959 with those in 1969, making adjustments for inflation. The adjusting factor employed in this process is the Consumer Price Index for the Kansas City Region produced by the Bureau of Labor statistics.

Toward The Development Of An Information Service On Poverty Problems For Community Agencies And Groups In The Omaha Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, Robert Simpson

Publications

This study can be viewed as a problem in applied social science. Ho\v can the resources of the University, in this case the Center for Urban Affairs of the University of Nebraska at Omaha, be mobilized to provide a social intelligence function for agencies and citizens groups working on community problems in the Omaha SMSA.

More specifically the objective is to expand and utilize the poverty-related content of the Center for Urban Affairs data bank in such manner as to aid local agencies and groups who are working on poverty-related problems. The assistance is to take the form of reports …

Kabul Times, January To March, 1972, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

An Interim Proposal For The Reconstruction And Restoration Of The Char Chatta Bazaar, Arline Lederman Friedman

Books in English

A proposal for restoring and reconstructing a bazaar area in the old section of Kabul City, prepared by Arline Lederman Friedman, coordinator for the Char Chatta Project.

The Effectiveness Of Two Classes Of Verbal Reinforcement On The Performance Of Second-, Fifth-, And Eighth-Grade Children, Douglas D. Settles

Student Work

The effects of two classes of verbal reinforcers, correctness and social, were examined among 108 second-, fifth-, and eighthgrade, middle-class children. The effectiveness of verbal reinforcement. was measured by a change in the S's response preference on a marble-sorting task. Results of the study were (a) that there were no initial age differences in the magnitude or direction of the baserate responses, (b) that correctness reinforcement was more rewarding across all levels of age than social approval, (c) that for eighth-grade Ss, correctness reinforcers were significantly more rewarding than either social or no reinforcement, and (d) that a post hoc …

Kabul Times, October To December, 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

The Electrophysiological Correlates Of Learning In The Developing Kitten, A. Derick Dalhouse

Student Work

The objectives of this experiment were (a) to study the development of classical conditioning in the kitten using light as the conditioned stimulus (CS) , shock as the unconditioned stimulus (US), and leg flexion as the conditioned response; (b) to investigate physiological correlates of learning during the development of classical conditioning such as visual evoked responses (VER), visual following (VF), electrocardiogram (EKG), and galvanic skin response (GSR); and (c) to ascertain the relationship, during development, between physiological and behavioral changes associated with conditioning.

Four kittens were exposed to two classical conditioning paradigms. Two Ss received a continuous 10 sec. light …

Favorability As Influenced By Frequency Of Exposure To Black And White College Seniors, Michael R. Baum

Student Work

Zajonc's (1968) "mere exposure" effect was replicated by measuring change in favorability toward black and white college seniors. Following a preexperimental selection of the five most neutral slides for each race by sex category, 40 experimental and 40 control group subjects rated ten black and ten white slides on a pre- and a posttest. The experimental treatment consisted of ten exposure sequences of the 20 slides, whereas the control group performed an inverted alphabet printing task. A repeated measures analysis of variance, conducted on the subjects, favorability ratings for both the pre- and the posttests, supported the hypothesis that a …

Favorability As A Function Of Exposure, Race, And Initial Affective Rating, Kenneth W. Nikels

Student Work

Zajonc (1968) proposed that repeated exposure to a stimulus is a sufficient condition for the enhancement of an attitude toward it. The "mere exposure" hypothesis is of such generality that it has many far-reaching implications, one of which is the consequences of biracial experiences. Integration of schools, housing, and employment all seem to be partially based upon Zajonc's hypothesis, as are Black Studies courses and Black media exposure. The underlying assumption of each of these examples is, in part, that biracial exposure will produce more favorable racial attitudes.

Group Discussion Versus Persuasive Speech In Changing Behavior, George J. Sullivan

Student Work

There has been much research concerning attitude change, but few studies examining concomitant changes in behavior. Those studies that have studied behavioral changes have produced inconsistent results The present study was directed at exploring the relationship between different methods of changing behavior. Forty-six undergraduate students were assigned to either a control, persuasive speech, general discussion, or problem-solving discussion conditions. Experimental conditions were measured by two dependent variables: the number of volunteers (behavioral intention) and appearance at a meeting the following day (overt behavior). With regard to behavioral intentions, persuasive speech did not differ from controls; both types of discussion were …

The Effects Of The Use Of Antithetical Statements On Attitude Change And Terminal Source Credibility Ratlings, Larry Newell Willis

Student Work

Style is the distinguishing factor which provides a speaker with a singular and unique identity (Carpenter & Seltzer, 1970). As such, the elements comprising "style” have been recognized and recommended by classical as well as contemporary rhetoricians. For example, Wilson and Arnold (1964, PP. 260-265) state that one such element of personal style is the broad category "figures of speech". These figures'of speech or stylistic devices are inclusive of but not limited to; parallel repetitions, inversions, and antitheses. Of these, antitheses are the focus of this empirical study.

Publications: June, 1971 To October, 1982, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

The publications listed in this booklet cover period from June, 1971 to October, 1982. A list of studies published prior to June, 1971 is also available from the Center for Applied Urban Research.

Kabul Times, July To September, 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Haptic Perception Of The Mueller-Lyer Illusion By The Blind, James G. Patterson

Student Work

This study measured the extent to which the following four groups of Ss experienced the Mueller-L yer illusion: a group of ten congenital blind, ten Ss blinded in adulthood, ten sighted blindfolded Ss presented the illusion haptically, and ten sighted Ss presented the illusion visually. All of the groups experienced the illusion to a significant extent. The extent of illusion in the sighted haptic group was significantly less than that in each of the other groups, p < . 025 in each case. None of the other pairs of means w ere significantly different. Thus the results show that the blind do experience the Mueller-Lyer illusion similarly to the sighted, but the extent of illusion is much less for the sighted blindfolded. A positional memory hypothesis was presented to account for these results. It proposes that the blind have learned to remember the haptic location of objects in their environment but that the sighted have not developed this skill to the same degree.

A Test Of The "Contiguity" And "Generalized Imitation" Theories Of Social Modeling Processes, Gerald R. Adams

Student Work

Imitative behavior was studied using 36 kindergarten children who were either reinforced or not reinforced for imitative behavior prior to observing a male model exhibit aggressive behaviors. The children were tested for imitative aggressive behaviors in an 8-minute freeplay situation using a five category rating scale. The results revealed that the reinforced group emitted significantly more physical, verbal, and nonimitative aggression than the nonreinforced group. A second test examined the retention of the model's aggressive behavior under an incentive condition. The incentive condition diminished the initial differences found in the first test, revealing a nonsignificant difference between the reinforced and …

Changing Attitudes By Means Of Classical Conditioning, Larry R. Smeltzer

Student Work

As knowledge of attitude change processes has grown, a wide variety of theoretical analyses have been developed to integrate portions of this knowledge and to guide further research. Many theorists argue that attitude change and formation in the "real world" are produced by the fundamental mechanisms of classical conditioning (Kiesler, Collins, and Miller, 1969) but little research has been done to support such a theory.

Cua Publications, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

These publications are available from the Center for Urban Affairs by writing the offices of the Center at the University of Nebraska at Omaha.

Kabul Times, June 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

The Effects Of Visual Feedback And Level Of Aggression On The Application Of Noxious Stimuli, Gary W. Rawson

Student Work

Sixty-four male undergraduate students who were enrolled in an introductory psychology course were used as subjects to determine the effect which visual feedback and level of aggression have on the application of a noxious stimulus to another human being. Equal numbers of high and low aggressive Ss, based on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule scores, were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups, defined by type of visual feedback. The Ss were permitted to select the intensity and duration of hypothetical electric shock which they could apply to a male confederate as punishment for supposedly incorrect responses in a learning …

Effects Of Prior Experience Of One Group Member On The Performance Of The Wheel Network, Mark Hinterthuer

Student Work

The present study investigated the effects of prior experience of one group member on the performance of the wheel network. Groups participating in the experiment included four experimental groups and a control group. The four experimental groups included combinations of centrally or peripherally trained Ss transferred to a central or peripheral position in naive wheel networks. Dependent variables were measured in four categories: time, number of messages, number of errors, and individual ratings on a post-communication questionnaire. The position occupied by the experienced Ss during training had no apparent effect on their transfer group,s performance. The network position of the …

Kabul Times, May 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)