Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A Peer-Relative Perspective Of The Contract Year Phenomenon Using Bayesian Analysis, Anthony Koschmann

Journal of Applied Sport Management

This research examines the contract year phenomenon in a new context, by evaluating player performance relative to other players, rather than the same player over time. Since ordinary least-squares (OLS) methods assume independent observations, results may be biased as player performance is dependent on other players. As such, a Bayesian approach to allow for non-independence among player performance is used to evaluate players in contract years relative to their peers. Using novel performance data of National Football League (NFL) players and controlling for player salary, position, experience, and team effects, the results show that contract year players under-perform relative to …

Students’ Search Behaviors And Career Alignment For Internships, Michael Odio

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The present study explores the internship search behaviors of undergraduate sport management students at three public universities, including how much time is spent looking for internships, what resources are used for searching, and what criteria are used when deciding on an internship. The findings affirm previous research that factors such as compensation, location, timing, and career goals are important, but also reveal how students weigh these factors and how it affects when, where, and how they search for internship opportunities. This information is beneficial for employers interested in understanding the student’s perspective of the internship search in order to increase …

Best Practices In Athletic Donor Relations: The Ncaa Football Bowl Subdivision, Liz Wanless, David A. Pierce, J. Michael Martinez, Heather J. Lawrence-Benedict, Nick Kopka

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The purpose of this investigation was to identify best practices in intercollegiate athletic donor relations for the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS). Neither philanthropy research nor athletic fund-raising research presents a contemporary model of donor relations best practices. Additionally, athletic development tactics are given little attention in evidence-based literature. To investigate this topic, three rounds of the Delphi method were completed by 17 intercollegiate athletic development directors in the FBS. Forty-two best practices for donor acquisition and 38 best practices for donor retention and upgrade emerged. Implications for intercollegiate athletic development campaigns are addressed. Subscribe to …

To Charge Or Not To Charge: Examining Stakeholder Perceptions Of Nonrevenue Sports Ticketing Policies, Peyton Stensland, Jordan Bass

Journal of Applied Sport Management

All across college campuses, dozens of intercollegiate sports teams compete each year. It is assumed that attendance will vary across these sports for a number of factors. However, the impact of one organizationally controlled factor (choosing to ticket the event or not) has not been explored in the literature. In this study, the authors examined the ticketing practices of intercollegiate athletics departments. A qualitative interview approach was utilized to explore the importance and implications of ticketing practices of intercollegiate athletics departments. Terms such as reputation, legitimacy, and value were used to describe the reasoning behind whether or not to charge …

A Holistic Performance Assessment Of English Premier League Football Clubs 1992–2013, Daniel Plumley, Robert Wilson, Simon Shibli

Journal of Applied Sport Management

This paper devises and tests a statistical model (the PAM) to measure the financial and sporting performance of professional football clubs. The PAM has been applied to a longitudinal data set of English football clubs (21 clubs between 1992–2013) to identify trends in performance. The results show that a small number of clubs have created an imbalance within English football and that there has been evidence of a “financial crisis” at individual clubs. For the majority of clubs, overall performance appears to vary over time in cycles. In addition to measuring holistic performance of professional football clubs in England, the …

Examination Of Drinking Habits And Motives Of Collegiate Student-Athletes, Elizabeth A. Taylor, Rose Marie Ward, Robin Hardin

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Universities across the United States have reported consistently high rates of alcohol use and abuse among students during the past 20 years. The college student alcohol consumption level is considered an important public health concern. The increase in problematic drinking seems to be campus wide, but there is an understudied at-risk demographic—collegiate student-athletes. The purpose of this study is to examine student-athletes’ motives for alcohol consumption, drinking patterns, and alcohol-related negative consequences. Student-athletes (N = 283) from five Midwestern universities completed an online questionnaire assessing this behavior. Male student-athletes reported higher levels in all three categories than females. In addition, …

Is Going Green Worth It? Assessing Fan Engagement And Perceptions Of Athletic Department Environmental Efforts, Jonathan M. Casper, Michael E. Pfahl, Brian P. Mccullough

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which environmentally themed activities within an intercollegiate sport context impact fan engagement. A total of 557 fans responded to an online survey measuring fan connection to the athletic department, environmental values, expectations for environmental activities, event and at home environmental behaviors, perceptions of profile enhancement, and recall of environmental sponsors and major initiatives. Results found that fans expected athletic department environmental action and they help with favorable perceptions about the athletic program and university and influenced at event and home behaviors. Cluster analysis identified two clusters based on high …

Motivation, Satisfaction, And Retention Of Sport Management Student Volunteers, James E. Johnson, Chrysostomos Giannoulakis, Nathan Felver, Lawrence W. Judge, Pierce A. David, Beau F. Scott

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Sport management programs often partner with intercollegiate athletic departments or community sport organizations to provide student volunteers. Motivating, satisfying, and retaining the student population may constitute a challenge for academic program stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between motivation, satisfaction, and retention of volunteers at undergraduate sport management programs. Three hundred and twenty-two undergraduate students from five Midwestern institutions completed a 46-item questionnaire assessing their volunteer motivation, satisfaction, and retention. Results indicated students were predominantly motivated to volunteer by Love of Sport and Career motivation factors. Career, Social, Understanding, and Enhancement motivations significantly aided in …

Paying For Protection: The Effects Of Having An Elite Left Tackle, Quinn Andrew Wesley Keefer

Journal of Applied Sport Management

We exploit relatively new data collected by the NFL, since 2009, on the number of hits taken by a team’s quarterback to estimate the benefits and costs of employing an elite left tackle. We model the effect of an elite left tackle using a system of equations, which is estimated with seemingly unrelated regressions. Our system of equations considers quarterback hits, yards gained, and the probability of a quarterback injury. Overall, an All-Pro left tackle increases offensive production by 106 yards, or 8.5 points, and reduces the probability a team’s quarterback misses a game due to injury by 10.3 percentage …

Outcomes-Based Career Preparation Programs For Contemporary Student-Athletes, Kristina Navarro, Heather Mccormick

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Framed from a constructivist approach, this manuscript draws from Savickas’ (2005) Theory of Career Construction to assess programmatic development and mastery of learning outcomes in preparation for life after higher education. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, findings outline recommendations for campusbased practitioner programming informed from the voices of NCAA Division I football student-athletes.

Usability Testing To Improve Research Data Services, Rachel E. Volentine, Amber Owens, Carol Tenopir, Mike Frame

DataONE Sociocultural and Usability & Assessment Working Groups

Usability refers to the ease and accessibility of a system. Usability testing seeks to study how users interact with a system in order to improve the users’ experience and satisfaction in achieving their objectives with the system. Usability testing is an important metric for improving a library’s online services, including research data services. Libraries can help make research data available by providing repositories and data curation services for researchers to house their collected data. Providing services throughout the science data life cycle (i.e. plan, collect, share, and preserve) is important for producing higher quality research, expanding its impact, and data …

Film For Four: Teaching The Libraries Through Film Production And Instructional Design, Michelle H. Brannen, Ingrid Jovonne Ruffin

UT Libraries Faculty: Peer-Reviewed Publications

This book chapter focuses on the development of the Four-Hour Film Festival at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. In it’s third year, the Four-Hour Film Festival is a partnership between university librarians and resident assistants. The Four-Hour Film Festival provided a novel experience for students and housing staff to learn more about the libraries’ resources, people, and spaces while developing media literacy skills and relationships. This chapter covers how the partnership was formed; development of goals and learning outcomes; structuring the video contest; assessment of the contest; and conclude with a reflection on the triumphs and challenges of instructional design …

Fire History Of The Appalachian Region: A Review And Synthesis, Charles W. Lafon, Adam T. Naito, Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, Sally P Horn, Thomas A. Waldrop

Geography Publications and Other Works

The importance of fire in shaping Appalachian vegetation has become increasingly apparent over the last 25 years. This period has seen declines in oak (Quercus) and pine (Pinus) forests and other fire-dependent ecosystems, which in the near-exclusion of fire are being replaced by fire-sensitive mesophytic vegetation. These vegetation changes imply that Appalachian vegetation had developed under a history of burning before the fire-exclusion era, a possibility that has motivated investigations of Appalachian fire history using proxy evidence. Here we synthesize those investigations to obtain an up-to-date portrayal of Appalachian fire history. We organize the report by …

Applying Customer Lifetime Value To Major League Baseball Season Tickets, John T. Drea, Lucas Marlow, Lauren K. Mense

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Customer lifetime value (CLV) is a commonly used metric for assessing marketing performance among businesses; however, there is little evidence of the use of CLV in Major League Baseball (MLB). The authors provide a methodology for calculating CLV for season ticket buyers to properly account for all direct revenue streams for a fan attending an MLB game, including ticket, concession, parking, and auxiliary revenues. Applications for customer lifetime value for MLB teams includes measuring the effectiveness of marketing activities, identifying seating that is over/under priced, and assisting in the management of fan experiences.

The Case For A Complete Model Of Strategic Resource Utility In Sport And Entertainment Management, Theodore M. Hayduk Iii

Journal of Applied Sport Management

A complete model of strategic resource utility can be useful for managers in the sport and entertainment industry. In recent years, this industry has been characterized by rapid evolution, high fragmentation, and ubiquitous digitalization, which all highlight the importance of making rapid and informed strategic decisions. Thus, the complete model will help managers quantify their firm’s resource bundle and use a common language during the strategic decision making process. Two industry-specific examples are given to facilitate interpretation of the complete model. Subscribe to JASM

Tomorrow’S Fans Gone Today: Assessing Constraints To Student Attendance At College Football Games, Jason Simmons, Nels Popp, Chad Mcevoy, Steven Howell

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The purpose of this study was to assess constraints to student attendance at college football games. Surveys were distributed on and around six college campuses (2 “Power 5”, 2 “Group of 5”, 2 FCS) during a college football game. Using intercept sampling, students not in attendance at the game were asked to rate the extent to which 33 constraints affected their decision not to attend. Results revealed differences in constraints based on conference tier affiliation, frequency of game attendance, and timing of decision not to attend. Implications for practitioners are discussed. Subscribe to JASM

Enhancing Women’S Participation And Advancement In Competitive Cycling, Marlene A. Dixon, Jeffrey A. Graham, Allyson C. Hartzell, Katherine Forrest

Journal of Applied Sport Management

While male participation in competitive cycling in the United States has grown tremendously, a lack of growth in female participation indicates there are discouraging factors at play. Critical examination of sport organizations can reveal structures and policies that exclude women from full participation. This study critically examines USA Cycling’s racing structure and policies with the goal of identifying exclusionary practices that might reduce women’s participation and advancement in competitive cycling. Using multiple data sources, including interviews with 10 competitive female cyclists, this study revealed multiple practices that strongly discourage women’s advanced participation in competitive cycling. Suggestions for practice are offered. …

Sport And Social Development: Evaluating A Professional Sport League’S Domestic Violence And Sexual Abuse Camp, Stephen Hills, Matthew Walker

Journal of Applied Sport Management

We explore the use of sport to address the sensitive issue of domestic violence and sexual abuse (DVSA) by evaluating a professional sport league’s pilot DVSA Camp in the United Kingdom. The league served as a hook to engage target groups before using the sport as an analogy to educate on DVSA. We found the DVSA camp had a limited effect on participants’ knowledge about and beliefs toward DVSA, but was able to engage an at risk target group and increase awareness of DVSA. Certainly, greater engagement is required to address serious social issues if behavioral change is the goal. …

Survey Of Scholarly Reading (Finland), Carol Tenopir, Lisa Christian, Elina Late

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

An survey of academics and phd students in Finland asked respondents a series of questions based on their scholarly reading behavior. For example, how they accessed scholarly publications and where the obtained them, reading format, and numbers of publications read per month. Respondents were also asked about their social media habits.

Toward Justice: Reflections On A Lesson Before Dying, Robin A. Bedenbaugh, Ralph Hutchison, Connor Hess, André Canty, Kaya Grace Porter, Erin Adams, Ginna Mashburn, Jennifer M. Jabson, David B. Byrd

Newfound Press eBooks

In 2016, the citizens of Knoxville, Tennessee, joined in a community reading program called the Big Read. Knoxvillians read Ernest Gaines's book A Lesson Before Dying, and community groups hosted a series of lectures, book discussions, film screenings, and dramatic performances that immersed the community in a five-week conversation on racism.

This book of essays is the University of Tennessee Libraries' contribution to Knoxville's Big Read. The Libraries put out a community-wide call for written responses to A Lesson Before Dying and was richly rewarded with the thoughtful and heartfelt commentaries gathered here.

Municipal E-News: Issue 82: January 2017, Mtas

Municipal E-News

The “Municipal E-News” was created by MTAS in 2009 as part of our continuing efforts to meet our mission of providing timely, valuable information and assistance to Tennessee cities.

Ethnocentrism In Its Many Guises, Marjorie M. Snipes

Southern Anthropological Society Conference Proceedings

Selected Papers from the Annual Meeting of the Southern Anthropological Society, Carrollton, Georgia, March 23–25, 2017

What Drives Endorsement Earnings For Superstar Athletes?, Daniel Rascher, Terry Eddy, Giseob Hyun

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Athletes’ endorsement earnings receive significant attention in the trade/popular press, but the academic literature on this issue is sparse. Thus, the purpose of the study was to examine factors that drive variation in endorsement earnings. Resulting analyses indicated the Positive Q Score measure (likability) was worth about $750,000–$1 million for each unit of the scale, while the Negative Q Score measure was statistically insignificant. One unit increases in Exposure and Familiarity were worth roughly $600,000 and $200,000, respectively. These findings can be used by athletes, agents, and sponsors to determine estimates, or fair-market value, for endorsement deals.

The Future Of The Iran Nuclear Deal: Pretty Bright From Its Verification Lens, Mutti Anggitta

International Journal of Nuclear Security

This manuscript discusses the JCPOA’s verification mechanism, especially its four innovative additional safeguards measures: much broader monitoring of Iran’s nuclear program, access with a deadline and dispute resolution mechanism, the Procurement Channel, and the prohibition of weaponization activities. It considers the possible implications of such safeguards measures for the future of the deal and for the non-proliferation regime. This manuscript found that the four additional safeguards measures, if implemented with the Iran’s Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement and the Additional Protocol, would increase the effectiveness of monitoring and verification measures under the deal. In short, they will significantly contribute to the success …

The Reputation Playbook: Exploring How Reputation Can Be Leveraged To Improve Recruiting Effectiveness In Ncaa Men’S Basketball, Marshall J. Magnusen, Charn P. Mcallister, Jun Woo Kim, Pamela L. Perrewé, Gerald R. Ferris

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Reputation is a critical factor in the recruiting process. Organizational reputation also is a complex variable. Different dimensions of reputation may play very different roles in attracting recruits. In this study, a multidimensional (i.e., performance, character/integrity, support) reputation model is used to predict male basketball recruits’ university choice. Data were collected on the ESPN Top 100 male high school athletes recruited to NCAA Division I basketball programs for each year from 2010–2014 (n = 500). Probit regression analyses using maximum likelihood estimation predicted to what extent each reputation-based dimension affected the likelihood of an athlete selecting a university.

Reinvestigating The Impact Of Conference Realignment On Rivalry In Intercollegiate Athletics, Cody T. Havard, Daniel L. Wann, Timothy D. Ryan

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The current study investigated the influence of a U.S. intercollegiate team competing in a new conference for multiple seasons on fan perceptions of rival teams and likelihood of considering anonymous aggression toward rival teams. Fans of teams that changed conferences during conference realignment reserved stronger negative perceptions of the former rival on factors involving on-field competition and stronger negative perceptions of the current rival on factors involving off-field competition. Additionally, fans were more likely to consider committing anonymous acts of aggression against the former rival team than the current rival team. Implications and directions for future study are discussed.

Table Of Contents

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Editor

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Nuclear Power: Black Sky Liability Or Black Sky Asset?, Sherrell R. Greene

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Ready access to abundant electricity is a key enabler of modern life. During the past decade the vulnerability of Critical Infrastructure sectors in the U.S. to a variety of natural hazards and man-made threats has become increasingly apparent. The electrical infrastructure (the “Grid”) is the foundation for all other critical civil infrastructures upon which our society depends. Therefore, protection of the Grid is an energy security, homeland security, and national security issue of highest importance. Geomagnetic disturbances (GMD) induced by solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs), electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attacks, and cyber attacks are three events having the potential to plunge …

Implementation Of The 1995 Middle East Resolution: A Vital Lifeline To The Extension And Success Of The Non-Proliferation Treaty, Haidy Y. Ghoname, Howard Lewis Hall

International Journal of Nuclear Security

This study highlights the core non-proliferation dilemmas we face and suggests an effective mechanism for reviving the spirit and the hope of the Non-Proliferation Treaty. An indispensable key to the treaty calls for a rethinking of what we believe should be referred to as its four pillars: disarmament, non-proliferation, peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and implementation of the 1995 Middle East Resolution. We seek to contribute to the renaissance of the non-proliferation regime by addressing seven dilemmas that arise from the way various Non-Proliferation Treaty participants pursue the goals of the four pillars undergirding the treaty. This study highlights …