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Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 17, No. 1 (March 1990)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

CONTENTS

• EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION - Roderick L. Lawrence
• HEALTH ASPECTS OF HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING - Eric Giroult
• RELOCATION AND HEALTH EFFECTS ON THE ELDERLY: A COMMENTED RESEARCH REVIEW - Berth Danermark and Mats Ekstrdm
• HOUSING AND HEALTH IN BEIJING: IMPLICATIONS OF HIGH-RISE HOUSING ON CHILDREN AND THE AGED - Solvig Ekblad and Finn Werne
• FACTORS IN URBAN STRESS - Ian Burton
• HOME SAFETY: THE CHALLENGE TO PUBLIC HEALTH - Ray Ranson
• HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF HOMELESSNESS: REPORTS FROM THREE COUNTRIES - Gerald Daly
• THE ROLE OF REGULATION IN THE CONTROL OF HOUSING CONDITIONS - Roger Burridge and David Ormandy
• AN ECOLOGICAL …

Factors In Urban Stress, Ian Burton

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper examines changing patterns of health, causes and effects of urban stress, and approaches to the management of stress.

The Role Of Regulation In The Control Of Housing Conditions, Roger Burridge, David Ormandy

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Historically the control of housing conditions was based upon a concern for the health of the community and was safeguarded by the enforced repair and improvement of substandard property. In the United Kingdom the high cost of repair eventually induced a policy based upon subsidy to both home owners and private landlords as the price of healthier housing. This paper outlines the process by which the legislative standards invoked to protect health were modified to distribute subsidy. In 1989 the standards are poised to become criteria for the measurement of poverty rather than the identification of unhealthy housing conditions. In …

Housing, Health And Well-Being: An International Perspective, Gregory Goldstein, Robert Novick, Morris Schaefer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

At present around 1,000 million people live in grossly inadequate housing, and 100 million have no shelter whatsoever. Adverse trends in housing status and environmental conditions threaten the health and well-being of additional millions of people world-wide. The relationships between housing and health are reviewed, with an emphasis on the house structure, sanitation, pollution, and overcrowding. Possible approaches to improved housing and municipal planning are examined, and the key requirements include new policies of municipal and national governments, intersectoral coordination, the mobilization and "enabling" of communities, and strengthened environmental health services.

Socialism In Transition 1990-91, Department Of Economics

Werner Sichel Lecture Series

"Socialism in Transition" is the twenty-seventh Annual Public Lecture Series organized by the Department of Economics at Western Michigan University. This year's series is directed by Dr. William S. Kern of the WMU Economics Department, and is co-sponsored by the W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. All lectures are open to the public and no admission is charged. A question and answer session follows each lecture.

Professional Life, 1989-1990, Department Of Sociology

The Socializer

Department of Sociology 1 989-90 Professional Life.

23-Archaeological Investigations In The Lower Galien River Valley Of Southwest Michigan, William M. Cremin

Archaeological Technical Reports

Upon receipt of a grant to Western Michigan University and the author on 9 Feb 90 from Galien River Associates to support follow-up investigations an a series of prehistoric sites recorded during archaeological survey of an upland ares overlooking the Lower Galien River near New Buffalo, Michigan last fall (Cremin and Walz 1989), a team of archaeologists returned to the original study area in April and May for eight days of intensive study of eight sites previously recorded. The report which follows provides a description of the data recovery methods employed and the sorts of information retrieyed, an albeit brief …

92-Phase 1 Archaeological Assessment Of The S. Becker Property, 160th Street, Grand Haven For Resource Management Group, Grand Haven, Michigan 49417, William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

Upon receipt oF authorization from Mr~ David Zuckerman of Recource Management Group on 19 Mar 90 for a Phase I archaeological survey of the S. Becker property on 160th Street in Grand Haven, Michigan, the authors and their associates began a literature and site file search and on 13 Apr conducted on-site evaluation of the project area in order to determine whether proposed development of this parcel of land would adversely impact potentially significant archaeological resources. There follows a report of our program of research, together with recommendations derived from our examination of the study area in light of the …

94-Preliminary Results Of The Column Sampling Program Implemented To Retrieve Archaeobdtanical Residues From The B-Grid At The Buchanan Site (13sr153) Near Ames, Iowa, William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

In 1987, as part of a long-term research program jointly sponsored by Iowa State University and the Institute For the History of Material Culture, Polish Academy of Sciences intended to promote comparative studies of post-Pleistocene cultural adaptations on either side of the Atlantic, ISU's Dr. John Bower initiated archaeological excavations at the Buchanan site (13SR153) near Ames, Iowa. Situated in a narrow valley Formed by several small deeply entrenched streams that are tributary to the Skunk River, Buchanan Features alluvial/colluvial sediments revealing the presence of a Late Woodland component overlying multiple Archaic occupations extending to depths in excess of two …

95-Phase I Archaeological Assessment Of 100+ Acres Included In The Cdbg Base Industries Public Infrastructure Program In Portions Of Section 19 Of Lockport And Section 24 Of Fabius Township For The Chamber Of Commerce Of Three Rivers, Michigan (Er-900496), William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

Upon receipt of authorization from Mr. Chris Byrnes of the Three Rivers Chamber of Commerce on 31 Jul 90 (and amended 6 Aug 90) for a Phase I archaeological survey of a portion of the COBG Industries Public InFrastructure Program property in Three Rivers, Michigan, the authors and their associates began a literature and site file search and on 7 and 9 Aug conducted on-site evaluation of the project area in order to determine whether proposed development oF the industrial park would have an adverse impact on patentially significant archaeological resources. There follows a report of our research program, together …

96-Phase 1 Archaeological Survey Of The 20 Acre Millcaaft Products, Inc. Property In The Se 1/4 Of Section 34, Allegan Township, Allegan County, Mi (Ea-900610), William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

Upon receipt of authorization From Mr. Robert J. Miller oF Millcraft Products, Inc. oF Allegan, Michigan on 28 Aug 90 For a Phase I archaeological survey oF a 20 sere parcel in the SE 1/4 oF Section 34, Allegan Township, Allegan County, Michigan, the authors and their associate initiated a literature and site file search and on 31 Aug conducted on-site evaluation of the project area in order to ascertain whether planned construction activities would have an impact on potentially significant archaeological resources. There Follows a report of our research program, together with recommendations derived from examination of the information …

97-Phase I Archaeological Assessment Of Jean Klock Park, City Of Benton Harbor, Michigan, William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

Upon receipt of authorization From the City of Benton Harbor (dated 17 Sep 90) and The Troyer Group (dated 20 Sep 90) For a Phase I archaeological survey of Jean Klock Park in Benton Harbor, Michigan, the authors and their associates initiated a literature, documents, and site file search and on 24 Sep conducted on-site evaluation of the property in question to determine if landscape alteration associated with the Master Plan For the park would adversely impact potential!y signiFicant archaeological resources. There follows a report of our program of research, together with recommendations derived from our findings.

93-Phase I Archaeological Survey Of A Proposed Development On Lake Michigan South Of Duck Lake In Section 24, T11n R18w, Fruitland Township, Muskegon County, Michigan For Resource Management Group Of Grand Haven, Michigan, William M. Cremin

Reports of Investigations

Upon receipt of authorization from Mr. Timothy Bureau of Resource Management Group an 22 Jun 90 far a Phase I archaeological survey of a parcel of land an Lake Michigan south of Duck Lake in Muskegon County, the authors and their associates began a literature and site file search and an 28 Jun traveled to the property to canduct on-site evaluation in order to determine whether a proposed housing development would have an adverse impact an potentially significant archaeological resources. There follows a report gf our program of research, together with recommendations reflecting our findings.

90-Archaeobotany Of Five Sites Investigated During Phase Ii Testing Of The Cedar Shores Development, Lake Villa, Illinois, William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

The Cedar Shores development in the Village oF Lake Villa occupies more 700 acres in Sections 28 and 33, Antioch Township, T46N R2DE, Lake County, Illinois. This is an area oF deep glacial tills, glacial outwash sands and gravels, and glacial lake deposits that Features gently sloping relieF and poorly deFined drainage patterns. Lying near and within the southern limits oF the project are three standing bodies oF water: Cedar, Deep and Sun lakes. The last lake, Sun, drains by way oF a small creek that Flows north across the study area to Loon Lake, lying outside the northern boundary …

Unofficial Latvian Political Organizations In The Gorbachev Era: Their Evolution, Accomplishments, And Goals, Peter Albertins

Honors Theses

Since the people called Latvians began living on the shores of the Baltic Sea, they have almost continually been in conflict with their neighbors, including the Estonians, Lithuanians, Swedes, Germans, and Russians. The major enemy to the Latvians over the centuries, however, has been the Russians. Perhaps this is because the Russians always wanted access to the Baltic Sea and the rest of Europe, but whatever the case, Russians and Latvians have not had a friendly history.

"Occasional Labourers And Chronic Want": A Review Of The Truly Disadvantaged, Carole Marks

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The Truly Disadvantaged is an important book which brings the subject of poverty back into the forefront of sociological discourse. William Wilson's intent is to redirect its study by simultaneously mounting challenges to the ideological orthodoxy of the left and of the complacency of the right. Throughout, he attempts to subtly reconstruct current debates and controversies and to mould them into a form more palatable to the skeptical, voting age masses. For those interested in public policy formation, there is value in both the underlying purpose of such an exercise and in much of its form. Though the work is …

Comments On William Wilson's The Truly Disadvantaged: A Limited Proposal For Social Reform, Bonnie Thornton Dill

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This is an important book which has already had a major impact on discussions of poverty, race and public policy in the United States. Wilson is to be commended for his willingness to step boldly into the arena of public discourse in an effort to blaze a new trail between the "rock" of conservative thinking on the underclass and the "hard place" of contemporary liberal perspectives. His project-the refocusing of the liberal perspective and the definition of a bold new public policy agenda is inherently controversial. Wilson is quite correct in his assertion that the conservative perspective captured public attention …

Challenges And Prospects Of William J. Wilson's The Truly Disadvantaged, Robert G. Newby

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

I feel that it is a real coup that I had the opportunity to assemble the right scholars and, in turn, edit this special issue of the Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. These were "the right" scholars in that they offered varying progressive perspectives of high quality on William J. Wilson's award-winning book, The Truly Disadvantaged. Since so much of the debate on the so-called "underclass" is carried out in the parlance of conservative scholars, the articles which appear here are not encumbered in any way by such a retrogression. By contrast, I had the pleasure of engaging a …

An Empirical Examination Of Hispanic-Americans In A University Setting And The Influences On Their Attitudes Towards Assimilation, Ramon Rodriguez

Masters Theses

Recent literature on Hispanic-Americans has determined that Hispanics are the fastest-growing minority in the United States. Both the high rates of immigration and a high birth rate mean it is only a matter of time before Hispanics will form an extensively large population. Hispanics, however, generally remain unassimilated. This study focuses on the influences on the attitudes towards assimilation of Hispanic-Americans in a university setting.

Survey methods were utilized to gather data from a sample of 100 individuals at Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan. A survey return rate of 57% was obtained from Hispanic students questioned. The data showed that …

Hands-On Purposeful Activity And Short-Term Memory Retention In Elderly Patients With Cognitive Deficits, Desiree Arah Varner

Masters Theses

This study compared the effects of hands-on purposeful doing with demonstration (HO) versus a demonstration-only (DO) activity in terms of the level of memory retention in elderly females. Twenty-nine females with a mean age of 81.8 years (SD = 11.6) and with moderate cognitive deficits as determined by a score of 3-8 on the Mental Status Questionnaire (Kahn, Goldfarb, & Pollack, 1960) were selected from an extended care nursing facility. Fifteen randomly assigned subjects (in three sub-groups of five) had approximately one hour of demonstration and hands-on involvement with ice cream making. Fourteen randomly assigned subjects in sub-groups of four …

The Role Of Socialization In The Process Of Political Life: An Analysis Of Gender Roles In Elementary School Textbooks On Taiwan, Chien-Hong Lee

Masters Theses

This thesis contains both theoretical and applied research. In the theoretical part, political socialization is the main theme to be studied; and an incorporated model is designed to examine how political socialization can be viewed in the process of political life. In the applied part, three sets of elementary school textbooks have been examined and we have found that those textbooks contain clear sex-typed images of adult behavior; and male characters are emphasized more than female characters, which might contribute to the understanding why women are rarely seen in any positions of power in any realm on Taiwan.

Original Intent And The Reagan Court: A New Approach To The Madisonian Dilemma?, Deborah Nelson Snow

Masters Theses

During the Reagan years, a demand was heard for a change in the way in which the Supreme Court decides cases. Answering the call for a "jurisprudence of original intention," scholars, politicians, judges, and justices debated the use of this constitutional theory. In a review of cases decided under the religion clauses of the First Amendment in the years between 1960 and 1988, the opinions of Reagan and non-Reagan appointees to the Supreme Court are analyzed to determine the use of references to original intent by the justices. In particular, the problem raised by Bork and labeled "the Madisonian dilemma" …

Behavioral Treatment Of Headaches, Walid Salim Salah-Kailane

Dissertations

Headaches are common and frequent forms of pain, and are classified on the basis of inferred physiological factors (Ad Hoc Committee on the Classification of Headache, 1962).

Behavioral treatment of headaches was the subject of this study which focused on improving our understanding of the psychophysiological mechanisms of head pain. It is believed that understanding the physiological and psychological mechanisms of head pain assist in designing treatment using effective behavioral and cognitive methods (Olton & Noonberg, 1980).

Twenty-four headache patients diagnosed as muscle contraction (tension), or migraine headache sufferers were chosen as subjects. The length of the study was one …

The Perceptions Of Family Environment Between Black Adolescent Users And Nonusers Of Alcohol Or Drugs, Jesse Aaron Brinson Jr.

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine Black American adolescents' substance use (alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, cocaine) and their perceptions of their family environments. Sixty-two male and female subjects between the age of 13-21, from a large northeast medical facility, who reported exposure to alcohol or drug use, were asked to complete Moos' (1986) Family Environment Scale (FES). The subjects were divided into users and nonusers. Users were described as those having used alcohol or drugs at least three or more times per week within the previous month. Nonusers were described as those not having used alcohol or drugs less …

The Relationship Between Selected Work Behaviors And Closed Head Injury, Douglas A. Walter

Dissertations

Each year approximately 30,000 to 50,000 individuals suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) serious enough to limit their ability to return to their pre-injury life style. A large portion of these individuals are men in their early adult years who are primary wage earners and, additionally, are in the process of establishing primary career tracks. The consequences of the injury, although not negatively impacting on their life expectancy, pose barriers to obtaining and maintaining employment. A persistent problem for rehabilitation specialists is predicting job performance following a TBI. Existing instruments were not available to assess behavioral changes resulting from the …

The Integration Of Metabolic Measurement And The Behavioral Management Of Nutrition And Exercise For Treating Obesity, Cheryl Rae Maphies

Dissertations

Four female subjects participated in an eight-week, behavioral weight control treatment program that emphasized changing the behavior of food choice and aerobic exercise. This study also tested the hypothesis that by utilizing measurements of an individual's resting metabolic rate to determine caloric level, an individual could lose weight without a disproportional drop in metabolic rate. During the initial eight weeks, subjects' resting metabolic rates were determined through the measure of oxygen consumption. Caloric intakes were based on a reduction of 500-1000 calories per day from the estimated number of calories expended daily. Using a multiple-baseline design, the effects of diet …

Effects Of The Great Depression On Private Higher Education: Impact On Private College And University Planning, J. Michael Hostetler

Dissertations

Private higher education has suffered a loss of dominance in enrollment over the last four decades. Increases in tuition escalated making private higher education distinctly more expensive than options in the public sector. A sharp decline in the birth rate during the 1970s indicates there will be fewer high school graduates for private higher education to recruit. Some private colleges have already been forced to close, while others appear threatened by enrollment decline in the 1990s and beyond.

The Great Depression of the 1930s was a challenging period for the country and the academic community. To discover how private institutions …

Racism In Advanced Capitalist Society: Comments On William J. Wilson's The Truly Disadvantaged, Edna Bonacich

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Let me begin with words of praise. Bill Wilson's The Truly Disadvantaged is a serious and important work. In it he alerts the nation to the alarming rise of social dislocation in Black inner city communities. But rather than joining with the conservative chorus which dominates political debate about this issue, Wilson focuses on the social structure, especially joblessness, as the key to the whole network of pathologies. Black inner city joblessness is, in turn, explained by large-scale economic shifts, interacting with a legacy of past racial discrimination, as well as various demographic factors. The result is the construction of …

The Sociology Of Knowledge Of William J. Wilson: Placing The Truly Disadvantaged In Its Sociohistorical Context, Andrew Billingsley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In this paper I will do the following: first, set forth an introductory statement designed to place Wilson's work in some philosophical-theoretical perspective; then, I will identify and describe what I consider to be three distinct, yet overlapping, phases or central themes in Wilson's work; third, I will discuss how he treats Black families and discuss some features of his policy recommendations.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 16, No. 4 (December 1989)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The Truly Disadvantaged: Challenges and Prospects

Editor's Introduction

• CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF WILLIAM J. WILSON'S THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Robert G. Newby

Part I. Challenges

• THE SOCIOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE OF WILLIAM J. WILSON: PLACING THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED IN ITS SOCIO-HISTORICAL CONTEXT - Andrew Billingsley
• RACISM IN ADVANCED CAPITALIST SOCIETY: COMMENTS ON WILLIAM J. WILSON'S THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Edna Bonacich
• OCCASIONAL LABOURERS AND CHRONIC WANT: A REVIEW OF WILLIAM J. WILSON'S THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Carole Marks
• A LIMITED PROPOSAL FOR SOCIAL REFORM: A RESPONSE TO WILLIAM J. WILSON'S
• THE TRULY DISADVANTAGED - Bonnie Thornton Dill
• A CRITIQUE OF THE …