Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Impact Of Self-Esteem And Locus Of Control On Expectancy Theory Predictions Of Work Effort, Michael Kuan Tsai

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Attitudes Of College Students Toward Affirmative Action Policies For Women And Minorities, John Porter Lee

Masters Theses

This study used two contrasting theoretical perspectives in an assessment of college students' attitudes toward affirmative action policies for women and minorities. One perspective was Wellman's (1977) Interest Theory of Discrimination and the other one was based on the Minority Identity Development Model constructed by Atkinson, Morten and Sue ( 198 9) . Survey methods were utilized to gather data from 479 undergraduate students enrolled in a midwestern university. Following the development model, it was argued that white female students and black students (both males and females) would have favorable attitudes toward affirmative action policies because of their minority status. …

The Impact Of Type Of Ownership On Mental Health Organizations: The Privatization Alternative, Gary R. Mathews

Dissertations

In recent history most citizens have traditionally considered care of the mentally ill a public service, a government responsibility, and a financial expense best acquitted through taxation. A current topic of debate is whether or not mental health care should continue to be provided primarily in the public realm or instead be provided as a business. A question which must be answered as a part of this debate is: Does type of ownership affect service provision, and if so how? In order to answer this question data from the 1983 Inventory of Mental Health Organizations, a national survey sponsored by …

The World According To Nambla: Accounting For Deviance, Mary Deyoung

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The North American Man/Boy Love Association (NAMBLA) is a pedophile organization that advocates adult sexual behavior with male children. Given the considerable consensus in this society that such sexual behavior with children is exploitative and victimizing in nature, the techniques that NAMBLA uses to justify, rationalize and normalize its philosophy and its members' practices in order to avoid or neutralize censure and stigma, are of particular sociological interest. This paper uses Scott and Lyman's (1968) concept of "accounts" as a theoretical framework for the analysis of these techniques that are found in the publicly disseminated literature of the NAMBLA organization.

Injured Workers: From Statutory Compensation To Holistic Social Work Services, Pallassana R. Balgopal, Michael P. Nofz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Despite legal and technical advances in assuring safe work settings, on-the-job accidents still occur. These events, which impose emotional and financial hardships as well as physical injury, have been given minimal attention by social workers. Existing services to accident-injured workers include monetary compensation through federal and state programs, trade union negotiation for broader benefits, and counseling and referral provided by Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs). Yet each of these service areas falls short in establishing a holistic, personin-environment approach to the injury. Here it is argued that an ecologically based social work practice can address many of the shortcomings of existing …

A Framework For Analyzing Knowledge Utilization In Social Work Practice, Craig W. Lecroy, Jose B. Ashford, Mary Wirtz Macht

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Methodological and conceptual limitations have resulted in knowledge being defined so narrowly that we accept the inaccurate conclusion that social workers fail to utilize knowledge. This article seeks to rectify this problem by clarifying the concept of knowledge utilization in social work practice. Toward this end a framework is proposed that makes explicit the philosophy of science and practice assumptions germane to the use of knowledge in practice.

Considerations In The Development Of A Scientific Social Work, Stanley L. Witkin, Shimon Gottschalk

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A key issue in social work's struggle to develop a legitimate and distinct knowledge base is the development of a scientific model suited to the needs and objectives of the profession. Although various approaches have been proposed, they have tended to dichotomize the issues into one of science versus nonscience. In response to this situation, this paper presents an integrative approach to the development of a scientific social work. In addition, it is argued that values can (and should) be an integral part of a scientific approach and that they are legitimate criteria for the evaluation of social theories.

Work, Violence, Injustice And War, David G. Gil

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This essay explores links between work, societal violence, social and economic injustice at home and abroad, and the propensity to resort to war. It clarifies the concept societal violence and traces its roots to coercively established and maintained exploitative modes of work, exchange and distribution. It suggests that overcoming violence in human relations requires transformations of work, exchange, and distribution in accordance with egalitarian, democratic, humanistic and ecological values in order to eliminate obstacles to human development. Social policies and political strategies toward these ends are discussed in the concluding sections of the essay.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 16, No. 1 (March 1989)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

• A FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYZING KNOWLEDGE UTILIZATION IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE - Craig W. LeCroy, Jose B. Ashford, & Mary Wirtz Macht
• CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SCIENTIFIC SOCIAL WORK - Stanley L. Witkin & Shimon Gottschalk
• WHEN IS STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE MEANINGFUL? A PRACTICE PERSPECTIVE - Robert W, Weinbach
• WORK, VIOLENCE, INJUSTICE, AND WAR - David G. Gil
• STREET CHILDREN PROGRAMS IN LATIN AMERICA - Mark W Lusk
• THE LIMITS OF THE WELFARE STATE: NEW YORK CITY'S RESPONSE TO HOMELESSNESS - Joel Blau
• OFFICIAL DOCUMENTATION OF A SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT - Dennis L. Peck & John W. …

When Is Statistical Significance Meaningful? A Practice Perspective, Robert W. Weinbach

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Statistically significant relationships may be quite small in the absolute sense. The practitioner who faces the issue of when to utilize a finding for practice must consider more than mathematical arguments. The place of practice considerations in decision making for utilization is discussed.

Street Children Programs In Latin America, Mark W. Lusk

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The growing problem of street children is among the most important child welfare problems today. Estimates are that there are as many as 25 million street children in Latin America alone. This paper, which is based on over five months of fieldwork in Latin America, is a study of the problem of street children. Life on the streets is described in relation to the developmental stages of street children. The paper emphasizes the types of programs that have emerged as the countries of the region seek to ameliorate and prevent this social problem. A program typology is developed and discussed.

The Limits Of The Welfare State: New York City's Response To Homelessness, Joel Blau

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This research examines New York City's response to the growth of the homeless population. Reviewing the six policies that constitute the city's response, it identifies two patterns. These patterns-cost-reduction and preparation for work-are then explored as examples of the constraints on the development of policies for the homeless. Finally, three theories of the welfare state are advanced to analyze these constraints and illuminate New York City's behavior.

Official Documentation Of A Sexually Transmitted Disease (Std): An Empirical Assessment, Dennis L. Peck, John W. Bardo

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Using data from clinic records of patients examined and treated at a public health facility, the reporting of unconfirmed cases is examined and the correspondence between public health profiles of patients at risk to sexually transmitted disease and the data are discussed. Implications relating to the findings and to public health policy are also discussed.

Marginal Women Unite! Organizing The Disabled Womens Network In Canada, Sharon D. Stone

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper discusses the Disabled Women's Network's (DAWN) history, issues, goals, structure, organizing tactics and ongoing problems. DAWN is an example of the ability of oppressed people to organize and advocate for their rights against overwhelming odds.

88-Phase I Archaeological Survey (With Deep Testing) Of A 1.5 Ha (3.8 Acre) Parcel Along The Grand River On Fenske Enterprises Property At 2637 Wilson Sw, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504, William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

At the request of Mr. William Slaght, archaeologists from Western Michigan University continued archaeological investigations on the property of Fenske Enterprises, 2637 Wilson SW, Grand Rapids, Michigan during the fall of 1989. As a fallow-up to our Phase I archaeo~ogical survey of the proposed site of a Class 3 landfill cell in May (Cremin 1989; ER-89111), we were asked to undertake a program of survey to include, at the request of Dr. John Halsey, State Archaeologist, selected deep testing of a 3.8 acre parcel on the Grand River where Fenske Enterprises proposed to create an area of wetlands to in …

87-Phase I Archaeological Survey Of The Class 3 Landfill Site On Fenske Enterprises Property At 2637 Wilson Sw, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49504, William M. Cremin

Reports of Investigations

Upon receipt of authorization from Mr. William Slaght on 26 May 89 for s Phase I archaeological survey of the proposed Class 3 landfill site on the property of Fenske Enterprises at 2637 Wilson SW, Grand Rapids, Michigan, the author and his associates began s literature and site file search and on the above date conducted on-site evaluation or the project area in order to determine whether construction of the landfill would adversely impact archaeological resources. There follows s report of our program of research, together with recommendations derived from our examination of the study ares.

89-Phase I Archaeological Assessment Of The Sima Property On The Lower Galien River In New Buffalo, Michigan, William M. Cremin, Gregory R. Walz

Reports of Investigations

Upon receipt of authorization from Mr. Randy A. Johnson of Bureau and Associates dated 9 Nov 89, for a Phase I archaeological survey of portions of the Sima Tract in Sections 2 and 3 of New Buffalo Township, TBS R21W, Berrien County, Michigan, researchers in the Department of Anthropology, Western Michigan University initiated a site file search and on 14-15 Nov conducted on-site evaluation in order to determine whether proposed development activities would adversely impact potentially significant archaeological resources. There follows a report of our research program, together with recommendations derived from our examination of the study area.

The Economics Of Discrimination 1989-90, Department Of Economics

Werner Sichel Lecture Series

"The Economics of Discrimination" is the twenty-sixth Annual Public Lecture Series organized by the Department. of Economics at Western Michigan University. This year's series is directed by Dr. Emily P Hoffman of the WMU Economics Department and is co-sponsored by the W. E. Upiohn Institute for Employment Research. All lectures are open to the public and no admission is charged. A question and answer session will follow each lecture.

The Life Circulatory System, Milton R. Cudney

All Books and Monographs by WMU Authors

No abstract provided.

Workbook For Eliminating Self-Defeating Behaviors And Growing Life In The Human Self, Milton A. Cudney

All Books and Monographs by WMU Authors

Hellol I am Milt Cudney, author of this workbook. I suspect you wouldn't be reading this workbook if you didn't have an interest in eliminating self-defeating behaviors and replacing them with more life-giving ones. In over 30 years of counseling with people of all walks of life I have learned some things about behavior change that may be useful to you. It is my pleasure to be able to pass these learnings on to you.

You will find direction in this pamphlet about how to live more creatively. To do so, however, you will need to understand and apply the …

Health And Social Service Needs In A Northeastern Metropolitan Area: Ethnic Group Differences, Paul D. Cleary, Harold W. Demone Jr.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Data from a representative sample of Boston area residents were analyzed to examine differences among ethnic populations in perceived needs and use of services for eight problem areas. The areas studied were: employment problems; financial problems; problems of the aged living alone; alcohol problems; personal; family or marital problems; child behavior or education problems; the need for homemaker services; and the need for a home nurse. The results indicate substantial differences between perceived needs and reported use of services, and both those factors varied by ethnic identification.

Gay Masquerade: Male Homosexuals In American Cities, 1910 To 1940, Steven L. Lewis

Masters Theses

Prior to 1900, American scientists struggled to formulate a sexual norm. Their categorization of sexuality ironically led to the creation of a label (homosexual) by which individuals created and expressed a sexual identity at variance with the newly created norm.

By 1910, the climate of moral reform (Progressivism) led to the discovery (and documentation) of a homosexual subculture in larger American cities. With Chicago and New York City as examples, the author documents the growth of this sexual underground in the period between 1910 and 1940. Using primary sources such as diaries, letters, autobiographies and novels, the world of the …

Patterns Of Refuse Disposal In New Orleans During The Middle To Late 19th Century, James M. Wojtala

Masters Theses

Patterns relating to refuse disposal practices during the middle to late 19th century in New Orleans are revealed through the analysis of artifacts from the Robin Street Nuisance Wharf site 16 OR 116. Various analyses allow chronological, economic, and behavioral patterns to be discerned. Intrasite patterns are compared on an intersite basis in an attempt to interpret refuse disposal behavior on a citywide basis. Historic documents are used to supplement archeological data and aid in the delineation of chronology and the economic and social makeup of those groups contributing to the archeological record. Observations are used as a basis for …

Archaeology And The Public: A Survey Of People's Knowledge Of The Archaeology Profession, Heidi Stoneman

Masters Theses

Archaeologists have an obligation to communicate the significance of data and research results to a fascinated but often uninformed public. How much the public understands about the field of archaeology is important to the profession. Through the media, people learn about the discovery of spectacular artifact treasures. This information often fosters the practice of treasure hunting, the looting and destruction of important archaeological sites. Via treasure hunting, along with land alteration and traffic in the sale of antiquities, the field of archaeology loses vast amounts of valuable information.

An interview questionnaire was given to 232 people with varying levels of …

The Development Of A Personalized Computer Assisted School Psychology (Casp) System, Patricia Lou Steinert

Dissertations

The purpose of this project was to develop a model computer system to assist school psychologists in managing and manipulating data accumulated in the course of accomplishing their professional responsibilities. School psychologists have traditionally generated large amounts of data, but rarely have they looked across these data to obtain information and/or feedback about their own functioning relative to their professional role. The system described is intended as a model from which an individual psychologist might construct a system to meet individual needs. Data across students were accumulated in four broad areas: (1) personal effectiveness/accountability, (2) diagnosis, (3) local test norms, …

A Pilot Test Of The Career Adjustment And Development Inventory As A Career Needs Analysis Technique, Richard W. Zinser

Dissertations

A review of the career development literature in current journals revealed several important trends that accentuate the need for additional career services for working adults. Moreover, assessment techniques currently used are transparent and rely mainly on participants' self perceptions. A new career inventory (Crites, 1982), which is based on a taxonomy of adult career problems, has been developed to measure the career adjustment of establishment stage individuals. The instrument was developed as a more effective assessment instrument for the purpose of uncovering employee needs, and for designing appropriate career development programs.

The Career Adjustment and Development Inventory (CADI) was administered …

"New" Directions In The Welfare Reform Debate: The Problems Of Federalism, W. Joseph Heffernan

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper reviews the problem of federalism and welfare and presents statistical data about the relative welfare practices among the states over the last 25 years. The relevance of these problems and practices to the current hopes for welfare reform and policy conflicts within Congress are discussed.

The Environmental, Economic, And Social Impacts Of Resort Development And Tourism On Native Hawaiians, Jon Matsuoka, Terry Kelly

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Hawaii is currently undergoing major changes associated with land and industrial development. A shift in focus from agriculture to tourism has led to massive land development throughout the islands in order to accommodate this growing industry. The people affected most by these environmental changes are the indigenous people of Hawaii who exist in close harmony with the land and sea. As natural habitats are destroyed, fish and other food sources disappear. This has profound affects upon the behavior and practices of Hawaiian people who must look to other means for subsistence. Changes in the environment are inherently tied to changes …

Community Mental Health: A View From American History, Mary Ann Jimenez

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The limitations of the movement for deinstitutionalization of the chronically mentally disordered have been the subject of a repeated series of investigations and analyses in the last 10 years. These critiques can be summed up in the undeniable observation that the chronically mentally disordered have by and large failed to benefit from deinstitutionalization in the ways that the original advocates and planners of this policy had hoped. The promise of community mental health, at least as articulated by the scores of witnesses before Congressional committees in the early 1960's, has not been realized for this population.

The Frustrations Of Family Violence Social Work: An Historical Critique, Linda Gordon

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Contrary to the view that social work has been characterized by substantial shifts in treatment methods over the last hundred years, an historical study of case records from child protection agencies in Boston, 1880 to 1960, revealed very little improvement or change in the social-work response to family violence cases. The continuity in socialwork response rested, at its best, on workers' common-sense apprehension of the complex (intrapsychic, relational, and environmental) causes of family violence, and, at worst, on several constricting ideologies about proper family life: gender assumptions that made women's domesticity and mothering essential; and a public/private dichotomy which assumed …