Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Rejected Families: Established And Innovative Structures Of Service, Joseph R. Steiner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The purpose of this paper is to encourage social workers in family settings to consider alternative structures of services to families, especially those families who are rejected from meaningful extra-familial relationships. Rejected families, the established structure of family service and some innovative modifications to this structure are described. Special attention is given to one type of innovative family-service structure, an experimental family residential center, which was successful in reducing rates of child abuse in Holland. Innovative family-service structures, including residential centers, could help many families which do not benefit from the existing structure of family services.

Program In Social Work With Groups: A Jungian Perspective, Herman Borenzweig

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In their text Social Group Work Practice, published in 1949 and affectionately called, "The Green Bible," by many social workers trained within its tradition, Wilson and RylandI portray program as, "the use of activities for attaining and maintaining mental health." By deemphasizing recreational modalities, social group workers have sacrificed their holistic practice, allowing other professionals to fill this vacuum. Recently, for example, "Sing your way back to health," is a "new" therapy in Los Angeles. Also, many Gestalt therapy exercises owe a debt to J.L. Moreno's psychodrama. Singing, drama, are but two of the many program tools taught as practice …

A Qualitative Look At Black Female Social Work Educators, Larry Davis, Ramon Cartwright, Phyllis Freeman, Louis Carter

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article reports the finding of a research effort which attempted to assess the qualitative experience of black female faculty in schools of social work. The data reported is part of a larger data set collected on social work faculty as a whole. The authors report some basic demographics on black females, but focus mainly on the roles that these women perform in schools of social work and how satisfied they are in these positions. It appears that significant numbers of black female faculty members are on "soft money" with fewer teaching Social Policy and Administration courses than might be …

In Judgment Of Victims: The Social Context Of Rape, Joyce E. Williams, Karen A. Holmes

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This study examines some of the linkages between the rape victims' experience and community attitudes about rape, focusing on differences among three racial-ethnic groups. Public attitude data were collected from a stratified sample of 1,011 respondents; personal interviews were conducted with 335 Anglos, 336 Blacks and 340 Mexican Americans. Victim data were collected from in depth interviews with 61 female rape victims: 32 Anglos, 11 Blacks and 18 Mexican Americans. While the victim data suggest some degree of negative impact resulting from the rape experience for all victims, significant differences were found among the three racial-ethnic groups. Public attitude data …

Definitional Dilemmas And The Baccalaureate Generalist, Frank R. Baskind

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper serves as a guide to understanding the rationale for present day baccalaureate practice and those factors which may contribute to the difficulty in defining the term "generalist". It reviews the significant actions taken by our professional organizations and the curriculum building activities which led to the current view of the BSW as a generalist practitioner. The definitional dilemma is related to the situational qualities of BSW practice which stem from the nature of who is involved in the defining process. This dilemma seems to be a symptom of a larger professional concern, the need to differentiate between practice …

The Utilization Of A Performance Based Curriculum Design In Graduate Social Work Education, Gust William Mitchell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

As a developing profession, social work is increasing its efforts to utilize systematically concepts from the field of education in its professional training. This research examines the use of a performance based curriculum design in the teaching of a graduate social work course. Results of this study support the use of this approach from the perspective of improved student performance.

Inside And Outside The For-Profit Nursing Home: Some External Determinants Of Inside Power Relations, Cedric Herring

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper offers a conceptual model for understanding how and in what ways externally determined factors affect power arrangements within a for-profit nursing home setting. Specifically, this paper links the activities of nursing homes as profit seekers to federal legislation and the activities of strategically structured interests which seek to socialize their costs. Additionally, it shows how social distinctions and other factors which have their origins external to the nursing home setting have consequences for what takes place inside. The model posits that it is those people who are members of society's more privileged groups (professional white males) who will …

Solving The Effectiveness Dilemma: How Can An Informal Network Create Change?, Robert W. Colman, Mark Barton

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Interagency networks seem to be good vehicles for informal communication and coordination. However, if they are to be effective in bringing about innovation, networks must develop some of the boundaries and structure of a group and thereby lose their informality. Examination of a case history of a network in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, suggests one alternative: A network can remain informal and operate by consensus but give rise to subgroups which take potentially controversial action in their own names. This possibility is explored and related to the emerging theory of social networks.

Meaning In Work: Toward A Clinical Approach To Work Dissatisfaction, Shimshon M. Neikrug

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper deals with issues relating to the meaning of work for the worker and clinical implications for the social worker intervening in the field of industrial and occupational social work. The problems of work dissatisfaction and alienation in work are analyzed. The author presents two concepts, work as play and logotherapy, as being useful in the clinical intervention in work related problems. It is concluded that the absence of work dissatisfaction need not be the goal of intervention, rather the clinical encounter can strive for meaningfulness, growth, and self-discovery.

A Composite Model For Interorganizational Strategies, Donald E. Maypole

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article integrates general systems, exchange and contingency theories into a process model for determining appropriate interorganizational strategies to achieve goals. The author suggests that the interorganizational power-dependence ratio is one of the frequently overlooked but major determining factors in interorganizational relations and goal attainment.

50-An Archaeological Survey Of The Proposed Oakview Estates Site In New Buffalo, Michigan, William M. Cremin

Reports of Investigations

With receipt of a signed and dated (26 Aug 82} contract from Mr. Steven M. Davenport of Donlon-Lofgren-Maenhout and Associates, Architects, Inc., Mishawaka, Indiana, authorizing Phase I archaeological evaluation of the proposed Oakview Estates site in New Buffalo, Michigan, a research team from Western Michigan University undertook on-site investigation of the property in order to determine whether planned work relating to the construction of a residential complex would impact cultural resources. There follows a report of fieldwork conducted on 29 Aug 82, together with appropriate background information and recommendations derived from the team's research.

10-An Archaealogical Survey Of The Proposed Drain Extension Along East Osceola Street, Reed City, Osceola County, Michigan, William M. Cremin

Archaeological Technical Reports

The East Osceola Street Drain Extension project comprises a narrow strip of land about 12 m wide by 132 m long and is located in Reed City, Michigan. The parcel was investigated by means of a systematic and intensive program of shovel testing that established both the undisturbed nature of subsurface deposits as suggested in the project description provided by the MOOT and the absence of potentially significant cultural resources. On the basis of the archaeological survey, together with a comprehensive review of the relevant maps, documents, and literature, it can be recommended that the project be permitted to proceed …

12-An Archaeological Survey Of The Thornapple River Basin In Hastings And Castleton Townships, Barry County, Michigan, William C. Cremin, Caven P. Clark

Archaeological Reports

When the Thornapple Basin Survey program commenced in 1979, the Barry County site files indicated the presence of only 64 archaeological sites in this area of the state. However, it was also quite apparent from the available data in the site files as well as from information provided by the Michigan History Division that no program of systematic archaeological research had ever been conducted in the county. And, clearly, this was a situation that the MHD desired to have remedied.

Aside from the interest expressed by the State Archaeologist, Dr. John Halsey, and his staff in having a program of …

49-Prehistoric Plant Remains From Site 21d3-67, A Mississippian Farmstead On White Walnut Creek (Deep Strip #3) Of Burning Star Mine #2, Perry County, Il, William M. Cremin

Reports of Investigations

The research area of this study lies within the southern portion of the till plains region known as the Mt. Vernon Hill Country, an area of mature topography characterized by gently rolling hills and broad alluvial valleys. Floristically, the White Walnut Creek drainage is part of the Oak-Hickory Forest Region of the Western Mesophytic Forest as defined by Braun (1950).

48-Prehistoric Plant Remains From Site 21d3-L22, A Late Woodland Encampment Along White Walnut Creek (Deep Strip #3) Of Burning Star Mine #2, Perry County, Illinois, William B. Cremin

Reports of Investigations

The research area of this study lies in the prairie-forest ecotone of the Mt. Vernon Hill Country, an area of low relief characterized by gently rolling hills and broad alluvial valleys. Floristically, the area drained by White Walnut Creek is part of the Oak-Hickory Forest Region of the Western Mesophytic Forest (Braun 1950).

8-An Archaeological Survey Of The Expanded Galesburg Rest Area, Comstock Township, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, William M. Cremin

Archaeological Technical Reports

With the execution of a cooperative agreement (dated 26 Oct 81 and amended 13 May 82) between the Michigan Department of Transportation, the Michigan Department of State, and Western Michigan University, authorizing a Phase I archaeological evaluation of a small tract of land lying adjacent to the Galesburg Rest Area along westbound I-94 in Section 26 of Comstock Township, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, a team of researchers from the Department of Anthropology undertook a literature, documents, and site file search and on-site examination of the parcel in order to determine whether expansion of the existing rest area facilities would have an …

9-Phase Ii Testing Of 20ae622, A Late Woodland Site In Allegan, Michigan, Elizabeth B. Garland

Archaeological Technical Reports

Phase II testing of 20AE622 was carried out under terms of a contract between Western Michigan University and Gardner Management Company of Kalamazoo, Michigan, Mr. Jeff Gardner, President.

Western had conducted a Phase I survey of the project area in .May, 1981. Additional testing of the site was re.commended in the Phase I report (Clark and Garland 1981). In April, 1982, Mr. Gardner requested that we undertake testing of the site and a contractual agreement was signed. The field work was done over a three day period, April 19, 20 and 21, 1982.

13-Historic Period Sites Recorded For The Kalamazoo River Basin, 1977-1981, William M. Cremin, Charles B. Stout

Archaeological Reports

During the five year Kalamazoo Basin Survey project (1976-1980), survey teams, under the direction of Dr. William M. Cremin of the Department of Anthropology, Western Michigan University, investigated by means of surface reconnaissance nine survey transects placed across the Kalamazoo River in Allegan, Kalamazoo, Calhoun and Jackson Counties, Michigan. Surveyor coverage in the nine transects aggregated 135 km 2 , or 18% of the land area delimited by their boundaries, and resulted in the recording of 328 prehistoric sites. In addition, interviews with area landowners and collectors ~aving knowledge of local prehistory and the whereabouts of archaeological sites resulted in …

14-An Archaeological Survey Along Portage River And Dorrance Creek Above Indian Lake In Pavilion Township, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, William M. Cremin, Charles B. Stout, Michael L. Murphy

Archaeological Reports

For three weeks during the 1982 field season, the Western Michigan University archaeological field school was located near Indian Lake in Pavilion Township, T3S RlOW, Kalamazoo County, Michigan (Map 1). As part of the research program, systematic site location survey was planned for this area;one which had not received any prior archaeological attention. With the cooperation of area landowners and the assistance of several local artifact collectors, more than 20 parcels of cultivated land aggregating 3.9 km² were evaluated by means of surface re~onnaissance or walk-over survey. There follows a report of survey activity, together with descriptions of the …

Innovative Techniques Of Counseling, Milton R. Cudney

All Books and Monographs by WMU Authors

Index of Techniques

• Technique # I. Counselor-Made Drawings
• Technique # 2. Taking the Flip Side Of The Argument
• Technique # 3. The Use of Owning Language By The Counselor
• Technique # 4. Let The Client In On What You Are Trying To Do
• Technique # 5. Interrupt Clients
• Technique # 6. Polaroid Technique
• Technique # 7. Holding A Pretend Gun To The Client's Head
• Technique # 8. A Technique To Make Replacement Behaviors Not Seem So Strange And Unknown
• Technique # 9. Counselor Prepared To Give The Client Examples Of What The Counselor Is Seeking
• Technique #10. Wastebasket Technique
• Technique …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 8, No. 4 (December 1981)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

• Reindustrialization and the Future of Social Welfare - STEVE BURGHARDT, MICHAEL FABRICANT • The Domain of Social Work: What is it? - MARY L. WARING, GERALD O'CONNOR • Sociological Perspectives on the Ecological Model - RONALD MANCOSKE • Welfare Legislation and American Poverty Traps: Ironies and Characteristics - RICHARD J. CASTON, THERESA A. VILLANUEVA • Professional Burnout: Sociocultural and Sociopolitical Perspectives - PAULA L. DRESSEL • The Political Influence of Older Americans - JOHN B. WILLIAMSON, LINDA EVANS, LAWRENCE A. POWELL, SHARLENE HESSE-BIBER • Local Government Policy on Aging: New Challenges for Old Problems - CHARLES P. SHANNON • …

The Political Influence Of Older Americans, John B. Williamson, Linda Evans, Lawrence A. Powell, Sharlene Hesse-Biber

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This essay explores the future prospects for the political influence of older Americans. Some analysts contend that the next fifty years will bring a marked increase in the political influence of the elderly. Others argue that the aged are unlikely to become a significant political influence at any time in the forseeable future. We review the relevant evidence and conclude that it is not entirely consistent with either of these positions. Our analysis suggests a third alternative, that there will be a marked increase in the political resources of the elderly, which will not necessarily translate into an increase in …

A Comparative Analysis Of John Foster Dulles And Henry A. Kissinger And The Impact Their Personalities Had On The Formulation Of American Foreign Policy, Denis Joseph Sullivan

Masters Theses

This thesis examines the impact of personality on the making of American foreign policy. John Foster Dulles and Henry A. Kissinger dominated the American foreign policy process. Their performance allows the political analyst to study the relationship between personality and policy-making.

What follows is a study of John Foster Dulles and Henry Kissinger, their personal background and development, and especially the problems they faced as presidential advisors. Both men were challenged by wars in the Middle East. These Middle East conflicts are here presented as case studies and they reveal how each of these figures met the test. Efforts are …

Effects Of Phenytoin On Schedule-Controlled Performance, Kathleen M. Krafft

Dissertations

The present studies examined the effects of acute and chronic administrations of phenytoin on the responding of pigeons and rats maintained under fixed-ratio, fixed-interval, and interresponse-time-greater-than-t schedules of food reinforcement. These schedules typically engender different rates and temporal patterns of responding and are often differentially affected by drugs. The results indicated that phenytoin, given acutely, produced dose-dependent decreases in the response rate of rats and pigeons maintained under fixed-ratio and fixed-interval schedules. Response rates under the fixed-interval and inter response-time-greater-than-t schedules were little affected by the drug. A degree of tolerance was observed to phenytoin's rate-decreasing effects when the drug …

Professional Burnout: Sociocultural And Sociopolitical Perspectives, Paula L. Dressel

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Social psychological, organizational, and administrative orientations dominate the literature on the phenarenon of professional burnout. This paper argues that sociocultural and sociopolitical perspectives offer additional insights into the issue. By the application of such perspectives we are compelled to examine how certain characteristics of social policies impact dysfunctionally on service providers as well as service recipients. Furthermore, the broader approach outlined here offers alternative intervention strategies for the alleviation or prevention of burnout than those ccomonly posed in previous literature.

Teenagers Problems: An Examination Of Youth And Adult Perceptions, Richard E. Isralowitz, Mark Singer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It has been pointed out by the Task Force on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (1976) that too often programs have been planned and implemented on the basis of uninformed speculation. In order to determine the major concerns of youths for purposes of delinquency prevention and resources allocation, a study was conducted in the Cleveland area of Ohio. This study was designed to compare the perspectives of youths and adults toward teenage problems.

While the exact ranking of problems were not identical, the eleven problem statements ranked highest by both populations were highly similar. The problems that are drawing the …

The Domain Of Social Work: What Is It, Mary L. Waring, Gerald O'Connor

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Cast within a framework derived from general systems theory, the authors examine the domain of the social work profession. Domain is first defined as having several components. These are specified and fully expanded as Claimed Domain, Domain Competition, Emerging Domain and Unclaimed Domain. This elaboration is followed by a discussion of some of the constraints that impinge upon the profession's ability to define and to choose its domain.

Reindustrialization And The Future Of Social Welfare, Steve Burghardt, Michael Fabricant

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

"Reindustrialization" is a term of economic complexity and great, if confused, social implications to most human service workers. Human services workers can only challenge the plans envisioned by most reindustrialists if certain arguments and assumptions are understood. This article will lay out the reindustrialists plans and assumptions. It will also develop some of the reasons why such ideas, as they are now formulated, cannot work -- in terms based on common experiences highly familiar to every human service worker.

Sociological Perspectives On The Ecological Model, Ronald Mancoske

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Germain and Siporin have written social work practice texts which seek to integrate diverse material into practice through an ecological model. Part of the integration deals with the issue of micro-macro practice which has been a dichotomous issue throughout social work traditions. Four perspectives which Kemeny used to analyze a similar dichotomy in sociology offer insights and caveats for social work to consider as it uses general systems theory as a framework for practice. The four perspectives are called the competitive, the inclusive, the exclusive, and the cumulative. This paper traces similar developmental notions in the sociological literature and notes …

Welfare Legislation And American Poverty Traps: Ironies And Characteristics, Theresa Villanueva, Richard J. Caston

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

We argue that legislative attempts to establish bureaucratic programs to eradicate American poverty will invariably result in ironic inconsistencies that will doom such programs to only limited or partial success. As an illustration, we examine the ironic history of the AFDC program as it has been legislated to deal with American poverty. Three sociological accounts for the ironies of welfare programming are then drawn together. One account suggests that undue concern over the work ethic has overridden more direct concern for the deprecating living conditions of the Door. A second account suggests that poverty is so functionally beneficial to a …