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Articles 691 - 720 of 8467
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
International Journal Of African Development, Vol. 5, Issue 2
International Journal Of African Development, Vol. 5, Issue 2
International Journal of African Development
Complete issue of International Journal of African Development, Volume 5, Issue 2 - Spring 2019.
Archivesspace To Primo Pipeline: Harvesting Finding Aids For Discovery, Marianne Swierenga, Emily Gross
Archivesspace To Primo Pipeline: Harvesting Finding Aids For Discovery, Marianne Swierenga, Emily Gross
University Libraries Faculty & Staff Presentations
WMU Libraries' next step in making our archival collections more discoverable is to harvest finding aids from ArchivesSpace into our library's discovery layer, Primo, appearing alongside print materials, electronic resources, and digital collections in a single search. This poster will provide details of the process: from setting the granularity of harvested description in ArchivesSpace to creating a pipe into Primo using the Open Archives Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH).
Three Essays On Food Insecurity In Nigeria, Pimam Manzi Pidalatan
Three Essays On Food Insecurity In Nigeria, Pimam Manzi Pidalatan
Dissertations
Households experience multiple shocks, among which health-related and agricultural-related shocks are the most frequent shocks in developing economies. Households’ exposure to shocks contributes more to the risk of being food insecure than a poor resource endowment (Azeem et al., 2016). Moreover, in low-income countries about 3.5 million mothers and children under the age of five die every year because they are undernourished FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP AND WHO 2017). Sub-Sahara Africa is the region with the highest prevalence of undernourished people (22 percent) and stunted children (30 percent) (FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP AND WHO 2017). Three of the seventeen Sustainable …
Outside Looking In: Non-Standard Work And The Politics Of Labor Market Segmentation, Kathleen Bolter
Outside Looking In: Non-Standard Work And The Politics Of Labor Market Segmentation, Kathleen Bolter
Dissertations
Since the 1980s, major structural and demographic changes in the OECD have encouraged the proliferation of nonstandard work (part-time and temporary jobs). The increase in nonstandard work is viewed as a key cause for income and social inequality. Inequality creates many issues for states including the erosion of trust in institutions and a weakening of civic society as economic growth fails to benefit all of those involved in its production. Up to this point, there have been few studies examining why states vary in employment protection and regulation for nonstandard work. This study seeks to answer how the insider/outsider divide, …
Three Essays On Liquidity Shocks And Their Implication For Asset Pricing And Valuation Models, Nardos M. Beyene
Three Essays On Liquidity Shocks And Their Implication For Asset Pricing And Valuation Models, Nardos M. Beyene
Dissertations
The main objective of my three essays is to incorporate liquidity shocks and the linkages between the liquidity condition of financial markets into asset pricing and valuation models. The first essay focuses on the liquidity adjusted capital asset pricing model, while the second and the third essays examine the popular asset valuation model called the Fed model.
The first essay investigates the pricing of the commonality risk in the U.S. stock market by using a more comprehensive market illiquidity measure that can reflect the liquidity condition of different asset markets. This measure is given by the yield difference between commercial …
Functional Assessment And Treatment Of Elopement Occasioned By Transitions, Denice Rios Mojica
Functional Assessment And Treatment Of Elopement Occasioned By Transitions, Denice Rios Mojica
Dissertations
Elopement is a dangerous behavior in children with developmental disabilities because it greatly increases the risk of accidents that lead to serious injury or death. The dangers of elopement are especially high during transitions because these situations increase the chance that a child will gain unsupervised access outside, where the most serious accidents typically occur. Despite its severity, assessment methodologies that specifically evaluate the contextual variables found during transitions are not available. Additionally, treatment for elopement during transitions typically involves antecedent interventions which do not address function. Continued research on effective and efficient means for the assessment and treatment of …
Governance And Economic Growth In The Arab World: Evidence From Panel Data Analysis, Adel H. Aladlani
Governance And Economic Growth In The Arab World: Evidence From Panel Data Analysis, Adel H. Aladlani
Dissertations
Economic growth has been volatile and slow in the Arab World during the last two decades. Arguing that good governance is a precondition to vibrant economic systems and growth, comparative researchers and development policy practitioners view such a slowdown in growth in the Arab World to be triggered by weak governance performance. This cross-national study examines the relationship between governance and economic growth in the Arab World, which includes 22 member-states of the League of Arab States, over the period 1996-2017. By using World Bank data, governance is operationalized through voice and accountability (VA), political stability and absence of violence …
Spatial Variation Of Low Birth Weight And Its Association With Socioeconomic Status, Housing Types, And Accessibility In Kalamazoo County, Eugene Kojo Opare Ahwireng
Spatial Variation Of Low Birth Weight And Its Association With Socioeconomic Status, Housing Types, And Accessibility In Kalamazoo County, Eugene Kojo Opare Ahwireng
Masters Theses
Infants with low birth weight due to early delivery or fetal growth restriction face an increased risk of health conditions and deaths. These risk factors and the cost associated with healthcare for infants makes low birth weight a major public health problem. Understanding early precursor challenges expectant mothers face before delivery would help in planning interventions to reduce low birth weight among infants.
This study investigated and evaluated the spatial variation of low birth weight incidence with respect to socioeconomic status, housing types and accessibility in Kalamazoo County. In a broader scope, this research study examined the geographic patterns of …
Training Functional Analysis Skills With Instruction With Video Modeling And Video-Self Monitoring, Haley Ciara Hughes
Training Functional Analysis Skills With Instruction With Video Modeling And Video-Self Monitoring, Haley Ciara Hughes
Masters Theses
When developing plans to reduce a challenging behavior, Board Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBAs) have an ethical obligation to first conduct a functional assessment (PECC, 2014, 3.01a), the goal of which is to identify the controlling variables for such behaviors and to use that information in training more appropriate replacement behaviors (PECC, 2014, 4.08b). It is important to train aspiring behavior analysts to implement an experimental functional analysis (FA) as it yields more accurate results than other types of functional assessment (Iwata & Dozier, 2008). Despite being considered a gold standard for training a variety of skills, behavioral skills training (BST) …
Planning For A Sustainable Future: Rethinking The Role Of Bicycle Parking At Western Michigan University, Gregory J. Carlton
Planning For A Sustainable Future: Rethinking The Role Of Bicycle Parking At Western Michigan University, Gregory J. Carlton
Masters Theses
Sustainable transportation planning focuses on addressing the needs of current users, without jeopardizing the needs of future users (Black 1997, Richardson 1999, Balsas 2003). A popular mode of sustainable transportation is the bicycle, which is frequently used by college students. One aspect of bicycle transportation that remains underexplored within the United States and on university campuses, is bicycle parking. By using rack conditioning assessments, bicycle theft density analysis, bicycle parking counts and a formative stakeholder survey of the bicycle parking at Western Michigan University’s campus, recommendations were able to be created for campus officials for use in their planning efforts. …
Implementing Behavior Analysis And Intervention For Individuals With Cognitive Impairments In Skilled Nursing Facilities: Summary Of Results, Janet S. Hahn, Jonathan C. Baker, Sandra Wagner, Andrea Perez, Minyoung Kim, Sydney Bulock
Implementing Behavior Analysis And Intervention For Individuals With Cognitive Impairments In Skilled Nursing Facilities: Summary Of Results, Janet S. Hahn, Jonathan C. Baker, Sandra Wagner, Andrea Perez, Minyoung Kim, Sydney Bulock
Center for Gerontology Reports and Publications
Summary of Purpose
The purpose of the project was to provide behavioral consultation and services to aging persons with cognitive impairment at skilled nursing facilities in Michigan. The goal was to use empirically supported non-pharmacological approaches to reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD; wandering, agitation, disruptive vocalizations, etc.) and help slow down or remediate lost skills, reduce the use of medication to manage BPSD, to improve staff knowledge and abilities, and to develop modules that can be adopted and used by other skilled nursing facilities.The project was led by Dr. Janet Hahn, a social gerontologist with extensive experience …
A Working Model For Integrating Two Basic Christian Concepts Into Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Lauren Brya
A Working Model For Integrating Two Basic Christian Concepts Into Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Lauren Brya
Honors Theses
Social workers and other clinicians have an opportunity to best meet the needs of children and parents working through trauma by utilizing innovative treatment methods in the therapy process. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is an evidence-based practice with research suggesting effectiveness in reducing PTSD and anxiety symptoms. My working model combines TF-CBT components as outlined in the acronym PRACTICE, and the Christian components of prayer and worship. Comprehensive descriptions of both the TF-CBT components and each Christian component are described for educational purposes. The working model suggests powerful resources to utilize with both adult and child clients in a …
A Case For A Moral Theory Of Property: How Digital Copyright Reveals The Insufficiency Of Hume's Pragmatic Justification Of Ownership, Mattew Davis
Honors Theses
This paper addresses the following questions: Why does property exist? How does one come to own something? In it, the author attempts to answer these questions by comparing the property theories of political theorists John Locke and David Hume with modern U.S. copyright law, with a special focus on digital copyrights. The purpose of this comparison is to identify principles and explanations of property that are consistent between seventeenth- and eighteenth-century political theories and modern laws. The product of this comparison is the discovery that Locke, Hume, and U.S. Copyright Law either use labor as a metric for ownership or …
Pda & Edi: Will They Find Each Other And Find Love?, Emily Gross
Pda & Edi: Will They Find Each Other And Find Love?, Emily Gross
University Libraries Faculty & Staff Presentations
Struggling with Patron Driven Acquisitions in Alma? EDI invoices not lining up the way you think they should? Three years into Alma, we were frustrated that PDA records were not overlaying properly and EDI invoices were useless. This is our story of getting PDA and its EDI invoices off the ground and automated. PDA and EDI, missed connections find each other at last. This presentation might help you troubleshoot your own PDA/EDI relationship woes.
Lgbtq+ Student Safety On Western Michigan University's Campus, Kaitlyn Sedorchuk
Lgbtq+ Student Safety On Western Michigan University's Campus, Kaitlyn Sedorchuk
Honors Theses
Campus climate, in general, has been a popular area of research for many years, and this also includes campus climate for LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, plus) students. Outside of the campus climate survey done back in 2013, there has been no recent campus climate research done on Western Michigan University’s campus as of Spring 2019. This means that there has been no research focusing on queer students’ perceptions of Western’s campus, as well.
In order to help and rectify this and create a platform in which queer students attending Western Michigan University could share their experiences, the current …
The Effects Of Attachment Anxiety On Trait Anxiety And Borderline Personality Symptoms Through Specific Pathways Of Emotion Regulation, Jessica Good
Honors Theses
Previous research has shown that deficits in emotion regulation impair coping skills for individuals clinically diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) resembling trait anxiety, as well as those clinically diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD; Herr, Rosenthal, Geiger, & Erikson, 2013; Beeney et al., 2015; Putnam & Silk, 2005; Nielsen et al., 2017; Mennin, Heimberg, Turk, & Fresco, 2002; Marganska, Gallagher, & Miranda, 2013). The current study hypothesized that (a) the specific types of emotion dysregulation measuring lack of clarity and impulsivity would mediate the relationship between attachment anxiety and BPD while the other types do not, and (b) the …
Femicide In The News: How Newspaper Articles Represent The Killing Of Women & Girls In Detroit And Ciudad Juárez, Danielle Branch
Femicide In The News: How Newspaper Articles Represent The Killing Of Women & Girls In Detroit And Ciudad Juárez, Danielle Branch
Honors Theses
In the year 2017 alone, 87,000 women were intentionally murdered across the globe, while 58% of these victims were murdered by someone they knew — family members or intimate partners (Global Study on Homicide: Gender-Related Killing of Women and Girls, 2018). The intentional killing of women and girls, typically by men and motivated by gender, is classified as a crime called “femicide.” Broader definitions of femicide simply state that it is the murder of women and girls, by someone of any gender, regardless of their motive. In some regions of the world, this phenomenon is more prevalent than in others. …
Deaf And Hard Of Hearing Accessibility At Drive-Through Restaurants, Regina Mcleod
Deaf And Hard Of Hearing Accessibility At Drive-Through Restaurants, Regina Mcleod
Honors Theses
People who are deaf or hard of hearing deserve fair and accessible accommodations, which include drive-through restaurants. It is not a fair solution to force this population to go inside an establishment to order, especially due to the fact that many restaurants close the inside of their restaurants at night but will leave their drive-throughs open. According to legal cases and surveys conducted, accessibility at drive-through restaurants is a prodigious issue for members of the deaf and hard of hearing communities in the United States. Based upon these findings, there is a major lack of accessibility, in addition to discrimination, …
Increasing Political Behaviors In Local Communities, Bionca Stewart
Increasing Political Behaviors In Local Communities, Bionca Stewart
Honors Theses
The present project aimed to apply principles of behavioral science, specifically prompting, to increase voter turnout in a low voter community. The study used a mixed-model group experimental design in which voting in an experimental and control group was measured across two occasions. The sample population consisted of one off-campus community, which was District 4 of the City of Kalamazoo. This district was chosen because it was the district within the city with the lowest voter turnout in the 2016 election. The participants were randomly selected from within the district and randomly assigned to an experimental (N=68) and control (N=67) …
Communication In Stormwater Utility Fees Across Michigan, Hailey Olson
Communication In Stormwater Utility Fees Across Michigan, Hailey Olson
Honors Theses
Stormwater Utilities (SWU) ordinances are gaining wide popularity in municipalities throughout the Great Lakes region of the United States. A SWU creates a fund to maintain and update stormwater infrastructure, which in turn helps to reduce destructive flooding, and also results in higher quality waterways. This study examines two SWUFs in the State of Michigan: one in the City of Jackson (COJ), which implemented a SWUF in 2011; and the second in the City of Ann Arbor (COAA), which implemented its SWUF in 1984. These two case studies offer important contrasts and lessons. For instance, as a result of resident …
Communication Barriers Faced By Female College Students (18-24) During Business Internships, Gail Foldenauer
Communication Barriers Faced By Female College Students (18-24) During Business Internships, Gail Foldenauer
Honors Theses
The purpose of this study is to gain insight on the young, female intern experience specifically within the business industry. In order to be interviewed, all participants had to identify as female and have had a business internship while they were between the ages of 18 and 24. Potential participants were invited to be interviewed for this project via word of mouth or social media. Once they agreed to the terms of the study, they took part in a 30 to 45 minute interview and were asked to share experiences about their internship and how their coworkers shaped their intern …
Cross Cultural Volunteering: A Best Practices Guide For Aspiras Usa, Lindsey King
Cross Cultural Volunteering: A Best Practices Guide For Aspiras Usa, Lindsey King
Honors Theses
This thesis project explores the topic of cross-cultural volunteering in the context of volunteer opportunities facilitated by Aspiras USA, a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization focused on youth and community development efforts in the Dominican Republic. Aspiras partners with various college student organizations in the US and offers them opportunities for international volunteering in the Dominican Republic. Knowing how popular international volunteering is, and that it can result in negative outcomes, I was interested in the experiences of these Aspiras volunteers and the community hosts, and how to improve said experiences. I completed a thorough review of literature surrounding volunteer tourism …
The Relationship Between Droughts And The Tourism Industry: A Case Study On Cape Town, South Africa, Katelyn Drummond
The Relationship Between Droughts And The Tourism Industry: A Case Study On Cape Town, South Africa, Katelyn Drummond
Honors Theses
The Cape Town water crisis has been a worsening problem for the city since its start in 2016, although there has been some alleviation in the second half of 2018. Several researchers have developed a framework for analyzing the impact that droughts have on a location, with some insight into the impact of this occurrence on the tourism industry specifically. This thesis aims to examine the relationship between droughts and the tourism industry through the case study of the Cape Town water crisis. The hypothesis of this study was that the number of tourists visiting Cape Town has been lower …
Culture Without Borders: Intercultural Awareness Through Interviews And Images From International Asian Students, Zhi Xin Wee
Culture Without Borders: Intercultural Awareness Through Interviews And Images From International Asian Students, Zhi Xin Wee
Honors Theses
The purpose of this study is to understand and raise awareness of international Asian students’ culture and experiences at Western Michigan University. As an immigrant, I am interested in listening to personal stories about people’s culture and upbringing. I want to give students an opportunity to share their narratives and a chance to help contribute to a better understanding of culture and inclusion on campus.
Through this study, I will explore the unique stories from international Asian students at Western Michigan University to encourage and bring awareness of the many dimensions of diversity. At the end of this research, I …
Gender Differences In Adhd, Jillian Vogley
Gender Differences In Adhd, Jillian Vogley
Honors Theses
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a learning disability that is very prevalent in today’s society. A closer look at this disability reveals that there are differences with males and females with regards to how the symptoms manifest. Females have a tendency to exhibit inattention whereas males are often hyperactive, which is much more obvious to others around them. This difference in symptoms has led to a drastic difference in terms of how ADHD is diagnosed and causes it to be underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed in females compared to males. The consequences that this delayed diagnosis may have on females can be severe. …
The Effects Of Different Types Of Virtual Reality Display On Perception Of A Virtual Presenter, Ferran Poage
The Effects Of Different Types Of Virtual Reality Display On Perception Of A Virtual Presenter, Ferran Poage
Honors Theses
Virtual reality (VR) displays present an immersive 3D virtual world that convey a sense of presence. These displays are rapidly increasing in fidelity, from traditional 2d desk monitors to head-mounted displays (HMD’s) like the Oculus Rift. Research must investigate the relationship between this growing level of fidelity in displays and the virtual experiences they produce, especially as high-fidelity devices become more widespread. Evidence shows that the fidelity of VR displays can affect a variety of factors such as spatial awareness, communication, engagement, arousal, enjoyment, and presence. The current study investigated the potential relationship between the fidelity of VR displays and …
The Effects Of Qr Code Prompts Posted To A Solar Charging Bench On Website Visibility, Sage Campbell
The Effects Of Qr Code Prompts Posted To A Solar Charging Bench On Website Visibility, Sage Campbell
Honors Theses
This study will investigate the effects of graphic prompts with integrated quick response (QR) codes posted to a solar charging bench. The hypothesis is that posted prompts and the bench itself will increase website traffic and visibility of sustainable actions at Western Michigan University. Website traffic will be monitored using Google Analytics software which will allow for tracking of website visits specifically from scanning the QR code. Thus, data from bench installation and from bench installation with prompts will be compared with baseline data from before installation of the bench and before installation graphic prompts. Data that supports the hypothesis, …
Comparing Prompting Methods For Teaching Receptive Identification, Laurel Jungblut
Comparing Prompting Methods For Teaching Receptive Identification, Laurel Jungblut
Honors Theses
Receptive language is the occurrence of an appropriate response to the spoken language of another individual. This is a key element of development, especially in regard to the acquisition of spoken language (Grow & LeBlanc, 2013). While this appropriate responding is a skill generally acquired by typically developing children via interactions with their caregivers, in most situations it must be explicitly taught to children with developmental delays (Charlotte L. Carp, Sean P. Peterson, Amber J. Arkel, & Anna I. Petursdottir, 2012). An absence or delay of this skill will result in a child missing many important learning opportunities, leading to …
Increasing The Frequency Of Tutors' Reinforcement Of Compliance Behaviors, Sruthi Rameshkumar
Increasing The Frequency Of Tutors' Reinforcement Of Compliance Behaviors, Sruthi Rameshkumar
Honors Theses
Abstract
Compliance behaviors occurring prior to the delivery of an instruction, such as handing over preferred items, making eye contact, and folding hands in the ready position help prepare students for success in discrete-trial training (DTT) interventions. These behaviors are usually taught in early intervention with a continuous reinforcement schedule, but once they are mastered, they are rarely revisited or maintained. Without intermittent reinforcement of these behaviors, they are likely to decrease in frequency and may lead to the use of restrictive or intrusive methods to gain compliance during DTT sessions. The current study used a multiple-baseline across participants design …
A Component Analysis Of An Electronic Data Collection Package, Cody Morris
A Component Analysis Of An Electronic Data Collection Package, Cody Morris
Dissertations
Data collection is essential to the practice of applied behavior analysis, but human error in collection can lead to inaccuracies. Because inaccuracies in measurement may adversely affect treatment decisions, procedures to increase data collection fidelity are necessary. This is especially important in settings wherein behavior analysts rely on others to report data. Procedures for training and directly supervising data collectors do exist, however, few resources exist for data collectors working with limited supervisor presence. Electronic data collection (EDC) systems are uniquely positioned to help address this need, but little research exists analyzing active components of EDC systems. Therefore, the purpose …