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Articles 4591 - 4620 of 6207
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
How On Earth Can We Live Together? In Search Of The Common Sense, N.A.
How On Earth Can We Live Together? In Search Of The Common Sense, N.A.
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
Beginning on June 26, 2008 the Tällberg Forum will gather leaders and thinkers from seventy nations for four days of conversations and workshops related to the opportunities and chal- lenges of global interdependence. Tällberg conversations have increasingly focused on the sys- tems problems emerging from the growing imbalance between nature and human activity. Can we design, govern and manage the sustainable interaction between natural systems and the systems of human activity? Can we negotiate among ourselves the resolution of the planetary crisis? Can we find better ways to integrate the work of governments and institutions with the actions of other …
What Makes For Effective Labor Representation On Pension Boards?, Johanna Weststar, Anil Verma
What Makes For Effective Labor Representation On Pension Boards?, Johanna Weststar, Anil Verma
Management and Organizational Studies Publications
This article examines the efficacy of labor representation on pension boards. Using existing literature and interviews with labor trustees, this article develops a model where a more formal approach to recruitment and selection, skill acquisition, and accountability is hypothesized to aid labor trustees in achieving effective integration and representation on pension boards. Data indicate that labor trustees are placed in a challenging environment with insufficient support from their union, other trustees, or the board. These findings have important implications for the selection, training, and integration of labor trustees and the success of a labor agenda on pension issues.
The Roulette Wheel Is Spinning On A U.S.-Iran War, Erika Simpson
The Roulette Wheel Is Spinning On A U.S.-Iran War, Erika Simpson
Political Science Publications
This article examines the escalating tensions between the United States and Iran, focusing on the potential for military conflict. The author, Erika Simpson, explores the geopolitical dynamics and the statements from key political figures that suggest an increasing likelihood of war. President George W. Bush's remarks about preventing Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons, coupled with similar sentiments from other U.S. political leaders, highlight the aggressive stance of the U.S. administration. The article also considers the international response, particularly from Russia, which opposes any military action against Iran. With both nations holding substantial nuclear arsenals on high alert, the risks of …
The Roulette Wheel Is Spinning On A U.S.-Iran War, Erika Simpson
The Roulette Wheel Is Spinning On A U.S.-Iran War, Erika Simpson
Political Science Publications
No abstract provided.
Assessment Of Human Trabecular Architecture In The Pubis By Three Radiographic Modalities, Andrew D. Wade, Andrew J. Nelson, Gregory J. Garvin, David W. Holdsworth
Assessment Of Human Trabecular Architecture In The Pubis By Three Radiographic Modalities, Andrew D. Wade, Andrew J. Nelson, Gregory J. Garvin, David W. Holdsworth
Anthropology Presentations
This poster discusses technical aspects of an investigation into the use of non-destructive radiological analyses of pubic cancellous bone structure to estimate age-at-death from human skeletal remains. This study stems from findings, in X-ray plain films, of increased rarification and orientation of trabeculae with age [1]; likely in concert with the macroscopic remodelling of the symphyseal surface currently used in estimation of age-at-death.
The study uses three non-destructive X-ray imaging modalities: plain film radiography, computed tomography (CT), and micro-CT (μCT). Plain film radiography has greater spatial resolution than CT [2] and is relatively inexpensive, widely available, and, with portable X-ray …
Scholars Portal: The Canadian Experience, Karen Marshall
Scholars Portal: The Canadian Experience, Karen Marshall
Western Libraries Presentations
This is a presentation about the Scholars Portal, which is a suite of shared information resources and services centrally managed by a consortium of 20 university libraries in Ontario, Canada (OCUL).
Disorganized Attachment In Adolescent Mother-Infant Dyads: Its Nature, Origins, And Developmental Consequences, Greg Moran, David Pederson
Disorganized Attachment In Adolescent Mother-Infant Dyads: Its Nature, Origins, And Developmental Consequences, Greg Moran, David Pederson
Psychology Presentations
No abstract provided.
Dissociating Speech Perception And Comprehension At Reduced Levels Of Awareness, Matthew H Davis, Martin R Coleman, Anthony R Absalom, Jennifer M Rodd, Ingrid Johnsrude, Basil F Matta, Adrian M Owen, David K Menon
Dissociating Speech Perception And Comprehension At Reduced Levels Of Awareness, Matthew H Davis, Martin R Coleman, Anthony R Absalom, Jennifer M Rodd, Ingrid Johnsrude, Basil F Matta, Adrian M Owen, David K Menon
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
We used functional MRI and the anesthetic agent propofol to assess the relationship among neural responses to speech, successful comprehension, and conscious awareness. Volunteers were scanned while listening to sentences containing ambiguous words, matched sentences without ambiguous words, and signal-correlated noise (SCN). During three scanning sessions, participants were nonsedated (awake), lightly sedated (a slowed response to conversation), and deeply sedated (no conversational response, rousable by loud command). Bilateral temporal-lobe responses for sentences compared with signal-correlated noise were observed at all three levels of sedation, although prefrontal and premotor responses to speech were absent at the deepest level of sedation. Additional …
Human Parietal "Reach Region" Primarily Encodes Intrinsic Visual Direction, Not Extrinsic Movement Direction, In A Visual Motor Dissociation Task., Juan Fernandez-Ruiz, Herbert C Goltz, Joseph F X Desouza, Tutis Vilis, J Douglas Crawford
Human Parietal "Reach Region" Primarily Encodes Intrinsic Visual Direction, Not Extrinsic Movement Direction, In A Visual Motor Dissociation Task., Juan Fernandez-Ruiz, Herbert C Goltz, Joseph F X Desouza, Tutis Vilis, J Douglas Crawford
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
Posterior parietal cortex (PPC) participates in the planning of visuospatial behaviors, including reach movements, in gaze-centered coordinates. It is not known if these representations encode the visual goal in retinal coordinates, or the movement direction relative to gaze. Here, by dissociating the intrinsic retinal stimulus from the extrinsic direction of movement, we show that PPC employs a visual code. Using delayed pointing and event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, we identified a cluster of PPC regions whose activity was topographically (contralaterally) related to the direction of the planned movement. We then switched the normal visual-motor spatial relationship by adapting subjects to …
Presenting Libqual+ Results For Action, Margaret Martin Gardiner
Presenting Libqual+ Results For Action, Margaret Martin Gardiner
Western Libraries Presentations
This is a presentation about how Western Libraries at the University of Western Ontario used LibQUAL+ results to achieve action expected by users.
Do Vegetative Patients Retain Aspects Of Language Comprehension? Evidence From Fmri, Martin R Coleman, Jennifer M Rodd, Matthew H Davis, Ingrid Johnsrude, David K Menon, John D Pickard, Adrian M Owen
Do Vegetative Patients Retain Aspects Of Language Comprehension? Evidence From Fmri, Martin R Coleman, Jennifer M Rodd, Matthew H Davis, Ingrid Johnsrude, David K Menon, John D Pickard, Adrian M Owen
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
A diagnosis of vegetative state is made if a patient demonstrates no evidence of awareness of self or environment, no evidence of sustained, reproducible, purposeful or voluntary behavioural response to sensory stimuli and critically no evidence of language comprehension. For those patients who retain peripheral motor function, rigorous behavioural assessment is usually able to determine retained function. However, some patients do not retain the ability to respond overtly to command and it is becoming increasingly accepted that assessment of these patients should include techniques, which do not rely on any 'motor action' on the part of the patient. Here, we …
Community & Political Participation Of Municipal Employees: An Analysis Of The Community And Political Participation Of Municipal Employees In The City Of London, Jennifer Harmer
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines the types of community and political participation municipal employees favour and the effect of political activity regulations on participation based on a survey administered to public service employees in the City of London. The findings reveal that many municipal employees consider themselves to have a high amount of discretion in their duties and the commitment to public service transcends the workplace and translates into exceptional levels of participation in the community, but many are reluctant to engage in overt forms of political participation.
Attitudes Toward Public Health Funding: Results Of A Survey That Explored Differences In Support By Ontario Municipal Elected Officials For Local Public Health Programs, Elaine Reddick
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines the reluctance of municipal officials towards public health funding in Ontario based on a survey that aimed to determine if there was a difference in attitudes towards the municipal funding of public health by type of program. The findings reveal that while the respondents exhibited strong overall support for government funding of both types of programs, municipal politicians in Ontario showed a significant preference for committing municipal funds to protection-type programs than for promotion-type programs.
Differences In Population Growth: A Case Study Of Two Eastern Ontario Rural Municipalities, Beverly Kerby
Differences In Population Growth: A Case Study Of Two Eastern Ontario Rural Municipalities, Beverly Kerby
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines the possible explanations for significant population growth in rural areas using case studies of two municipalities in Eastern Ontario: Centre Hastings, which has experienced substantial population growth, and Stirling-Rawdon, which has not. Population statistics for each municipality are analyzed and related to the physical landscape, local economy, and local governments. The findings reveal that possible reasons for why the population of Centre Hastings has increased significantly include the building ban in Stirling, the concentration of services in Centre Hastings as a result of amalgamation, lower tax rates and unemployment rates, and the benefits associated with the geographical …
Municipal Capital Works Projects: An Analysis Of Scheduling Delays And Cost Escalations, Doug Mackay
Municipal Capital Works Projects: An Analysis Of Scheduling Delays And Cost Escalations, Doug Mackay
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines the primary reasons for the delays and cost overruns in municipal capital works projects in Ontario. Interviews with experts in municipal infrastructure projects – including employees from the municipal sector, the Ministry of the Environment, a conservation authority, and the Ministry of Transportation – were conducted. The findings reveal that there are numerous factors that have resulted in municipal capital works projects becoming increasingly difficult to deliver, but the primary factor was the introduction of the Environmental Assessment Act, which resulted in a lengthened schedule and added costs.
An Indigenous Perspective On National Parks And SáMi Reindeer Management In Norway, Jan ÅGe Riseth
An Indigenous Perspective On National Parks And SáMi Reindeer Management In Norway, Jan ÅGe Riseth
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
Protection of nature for biodiversity, and for the material livelihoods of Indigenous peoples, have much in common. Indigenous relations to nature are, however, based on unity between use and protection, implying that human use is necessary for effective protection. Often protected areas include the homelands of Indigen- ous peoples, whose needs and rights are still being ignored to a large extent. This paper explores the effects of a plan for a significant increase of large nature protection areas in Norway, still under implementation. Most of the new protec- tion areas are in the heartland of the Indigenous Sámi, whose core …
Can You Hear Us Now? Voices From The Margin: Using Indigenous Methodologies In Geographic Research, Renee Pualani Louis
Can You Hear Us Now? Voices From The Margin: Using Indigenous Methodologies In Geographic Research, Renee Pualani Louis
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
Indigenous methodologies are an alternative way of thinking about research processes. Although these methodologies vary according to the ways in which different Indigenous communities express their own unique knowledge systems, they do have common traits. This article argues that research on Indigenous issues should be carried out in a manner which is respectful and ethically sound from an Indigenous perspective. This naturally challenges Western research paradigms, yet it also affords opportunities to contribute to the body of knowledge about Indigenous peoples. It is further argued that providing a mechanism for Indigenous peoples to participate in and direct these research agendas …
Alcohol Slows Interhemispheric Transmission, Increases The Flash-Lag Effect, And Prolongs Masking: Evidence For A Slowing Of Neural Processing And Transmission., Sarah A Khan, Brian Timney
Alcohol Slows Interhemispheric Transmission, Increases The Flash-Lag Effect, And Prolongs Masking: Evidence For A Slowing Of Neural Processing And Transmission., Sarah A Khan, Brian Timney
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
While the alcohol literature is extensive, relatively little addresses the relationship between physiological effects and behavioural changes. Using the visual system as a model, we examined alcohol's influence on neural temporal processing as a potential means for alcohol's effects. We did this by using tasks that provided a measure of processing speed: Poffenberger paradigm, flash-lag, and backward masking. After moderate alcohol, participants showed longer interhemispheric transmission times, larger flash-lags, and prolonged masking. Our data are consistent with the view that alcohol slows neural processing, and provide support for a reduction in processing efficiency underlying alcohol-induced changes in temporal visual processing.
Content Recruitment For Institutional Repositories (Ir’S), Adrian K. Ho, Joe Toth
Content Recruitment For Institutional Repositories (Ir’S), Adrian K. Ho, Joe Toth
Western Libraries Publications
No abstract provided.
Splashpads, Swings, And Shade: Parents' Preferences For Neighbourhood Parks, Patricia Tucker, Jason Gilliland, Jennifer D. Irwin
Splashpads, Swings, And Shade: Parents' Preferences For Neighbourhood Parks, Patricia Tucker, Jason Gilliland, Jennifer D. Irwin
Geography & Environment Publications
Background
Physical activity is a modifiable behavior that can help curtail the increasing worldwide problem of childhood obesity. Appropriate recreational opportunities, including neighborhood parks, are particularly important for promoting physical activity among children. Because children's use of parks is mainly under the influence of their parents, understanding parents' preferences is essential for creating the most inviting and usable park space to facilitate children's physical activity.
Methods
Eighty-two intercept interviews were conducted with a heterogeneous sample of parents / guardians watching their children at neighborhood parks in London, Ontario. Parents / guardians were asked questions about how often they frequent the …
Relevance To Self: A Brief Review And Framework Of Neural Systems Underlying Appraisal, Taylor W. Schmitz, Sterling C. Johnson
Relevance To Self: A Brief Review And Framework Of Neural Systems Underlying Appraisal, Taylor W. Schmitz, Sterling C. Johnson
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
We argue that many similar findings observed in cognitive, affective, and social neuroimaging research may compose larger processes central to generating self-relevance. In support of this, recent findings from these research domains were reviewed to identify common systemic activation patterns. Superimposition of these patterns revealed evidence for large-scale supramodal processes, which are argued to mediate appraisal of self-relevant content irrespective of specific stimulus types (e.g. words, pictures) and task domains (e.g. induction of reward, fear, pain, etc.). Furthermore, we distinguish between two top-down sub-systems involved in appraisal of self-relevance, one that orients pre-attentive biasing information (e.g. anticipatory or mnemonic) to …
Impacts Of The Greenbelt Plan On The Agricultural Industry, Case Study: Town Of Erin, Wellington County, Robert Dwayne Evans
Impacts Of The Greenbelt Plan On The Agricultural Industry, Case Study: Town Of Erin, Wellington County, Robert Dwayne Evans
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines the impact of the Greenbelt Plan on the agricultural industry in the Greater Golden Horseshoe Area. An analysis of agricultural data from the 2001 Census and interviews with farmers living both within and outside of the Greenbelt Area in the lower-tier municipality of Erin were conducted. The findings reveal that the Greenbelt Plan does not have a negative impact on the agricultural industry in the Greater Golden Horseshoe and many participants cited the positive effects of the legislation.
Stability Of Negative Self-Structures: A Longitudinal Comparison Of Depressed, Remitted, And Nonpsychiatric Controls., David J A Dozois
Stability Of Negative Self-Structures: A Longitudinal Comparison Of Depressed, Remitted, And Nonpsychiatric Controls., David J A Dozois
Psychology Publications
To be considered a vulnerability marker for depression, a variable should, in addition to demonstrating sensitivity and specificity, also show evidence of temporal stability (i.e., remain present in the absence of depressive symptomatology). Although many cognitive factors are associated with depression, the majority of them appear to be episode rather than vulnerability markers. This study examined cognitive organization of positive and negative interpersonal and achievement content in clinically depressed, remitted, and nonpsychiatric controls. At initial assessment, a sample of 54 clinically depressed individuals and 37 never-depressed controls completed self-report measures of positive and negative automatic thoughts and two cognitive organizational …
Perceptual Functions Of Perirhinal Cortex In Rats: Zero-Delay Object Recognition And Simultaneous Oddity Discriminations., Susan J Bartko, Boyer D Winters, Rosemary A Cowell, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey
Perceptual Functions Of Perirhinal Cortex In Rats: Zero-Delay Object Recognition And Simultaneous Oddity Discriminations., Susan J Bartko, Boyer D Winters, Rosemary A Cowell, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
The perirhinal cortex (PRh) is widely accepted as having an important role in object recognition memory in humans and animals. Contrary to claims that PRh mediates declarative memory exclusively, previous evidence suggests that PRh has a role in the perceptual processing of complex objects. In the present study, we conducted an examination of the possible role of PRh in perceptual function in rats. We examined whether bilateral excitotoxic lesions of PRh or PPRh (perirhinal plus postrhinal cortices) in the rat would cause deficits in a zero-delay object-recognition task and a simultaneous oddity discrimination task. Both of these tasks measured spontaneous …
Assessing Maternal Sensitivity From Videotaped Recordings: Validity And Practical Applications, Elspeth M. Evans, Greg Moran, Sandi Bento, David R. Pederson
Assessing Maternal Sensitivity From Videotaped Recordings: Validity And Practical Applications, Elspeth M. Evans, Greg Moran, Sandi Bento, David R. Pederson
Psychology Presentations
This study examined the use of short, videotaped, mother-infant laboratory interactions instead of longer home visits to assess maternal sensitivity. Scores generated when toddlers were 24-months were found to be correlated with assessments of maternal sensitivity and attachment security from previous home visits The results suggest that coding from appropriate samples of recorded interactions may provide valid assessments of maternal sensitivity and attachment security but a number of important caveats must still be resolved.
Disorganized Attachment And Mother-Toddler Interactive Behavior In A Problem-Solving Task, Lindsey M. Forbes, Carey Anne De Oliveira, Greg Moran, David R. Pederson
Disorganized Attachment And Mother-Toddler Interactive Behavior In A Problem-Solving Task, Lindsey M. Forbes, Carey Anne De Oliveira, Greg Moran, David R. Pederson
Psychology Presentations
PURPOSE: To examine emotional and behavioral regulation and Disorganized attachment at 24-months in a high-risk sample of adolescent mother-toddler dyads.
RESULTS: Disorganization was associated with 1)increased toddler negativity and a lower quality of experience and 2)decreased levels of maternal support and assistance during the problem-solving tasks.
CONCLUSION: These findings offer converging support for the suggestion that Disorganized dyads experience marked difficulties in emotional and behavioral regulation.
Can A Measure Of Disrupted Caregiver Behavior Discriminate Infant Disorganized Attachment From Insecure-Organized Attachment?, Sheri Madigan, Diane Benoit, Greg Moran
Can A Measure Of Disrupted Caregiver Behavior Discriminate Infant Disorganized Attachment From Insecure-Organized Attachment?, Sheri Madigan, Diane Benoit, Greg Moran
Psychology Presentations
Purpose: To examine if a measure of disrupted caregiver behavior is equally effective in differentiating children with disorganized attachment from children with secure and insecure-organized attachment.
Method: One hundred and eighty-four low-risk mother-infant dyads participated in this study. Mother-infant attachment relationships were assessed using the Strange Situation procedure and disrupted caregiver behavior was assessed at 12 and 18 months using the AMBIANCE measure.
Results: Disrupted caregiver behavior distinguished children with disorganized attachment from children with secure attachment but not from children with resistant attachment.
Mla In Pittsburgh, Pa, Lisa Rae Philpott, Suzanne Meyers Sawa
Mla In Pittsburgh, Pa, Lisa Rae Philpott, Suzanne Meyers Sawa
Western Libraries Publications
No abstract provided.
2007-2 Economics Research In Canada: A Long-Run Assessment Of Journal Publications, James B. Davies, Martin G. Kocher, Matthias Sutter
2007-2 Economics Research In Canada: A Long-Run Assessment Of Journal Publications, James B. Davies, Martin G. Kocher, Matthias Sutter
Department of Economics Research Reports
No abstract provided.
Anosognosia In Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationship To Activation Of Cortical Midline Structures Involved In Self-Appraisal, Michele L. Ries, Britta M. Jabbar, Taylor W. Schmitz, Mehul A. Trivedi, Carey E. Gleason, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Howard A. Rowley, Sanjay Asthana, Sterling C. Johnson
Anosognosia In Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationship To Activation Of Cortical Midline Structures Involved In Self-Appraisal, Michele L. Ries, Britta M. Jabbar, Taylor W. Schmitz, Mehul A. Trivedi, Carey E. Gleason, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Howard A. Rowley, Sanjay Asthana, Sterling C. Johnson
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
Awareness of cognitive dysfunction shown by individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a condition conferring risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is variable. Anosognosia, or unawareness of loss of function, is beginning to be recognized as an important clinical symptom of MCI. However, little is known about the brain substrates underlying this symptom. We hypothesized that MCI participants' activation of cortical midline structures (CMS) during self-appraisal would covary with level of insight into cognitive difficulties (indexed by a discrepancy score between patient and informant ratings of cognitive decline in each MCI participant). To address this hypothesis, we first compared 16 MCI …