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Articles 4741 - 4770 of 6207

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

2006-3 Axel Leijonhufvud And The Quest For Micro-Foundations -- Some Reflections, David Laidler Jan 2006

2006-3 Axel Leijonhufvud And The Quest For Micro-Foundations -- Some Reflections, David Laidler

Economic Policy Research Institute. EPRI Working Papers

No abstract provided.

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2006-2 Import Protection As Export Destruction, Hiroyuki Kasahara, Beverly Lapham Jan 2006

2006-2 Import Protection As Export Destruction, Hiroyuki Kasahara, Beverly Lapham

Economic Policy Research Institute. EPRI Working Papers

No abstract provided.

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2006-4 Monetary Cooperation In The North American Economy, David Laidler Jan 2006

2006-4 Monetary Cooperation In The North American Economy, David Laidler

Economic Policy Research Institute. EPRI Working Papers

No abstract provided.

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2006-5 Price Control, Different Demands Between Countries, And Parallel Trade In Pharmaceuticals, Hai Zhong Jan 2006

2006-5 Price Control, Different Demands Between Countries, And Parallel Trade In Pharmaceuticals, Hai Zhong

Economic Policy Research Institute. EPRI Working Papers

No abstract provided.

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2006-6 Accounting For The Rise In Consumer Bankruptcies, Igor D. Livshits, James C. Macgee Jan 2006

2006-6 Accounting For The Rise In Consumer Bankruptcies, Igor D. Livshits, James C. Macgee

Economic Policy Research Institute. EPRI Working Papers

No abstract provided.

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Quantum Theories Of Consciousness, Imants Barušs Jan 2006

Quantum Theories Of Consciousness, Imants Barušs

Psychology

The assumption is often made in conventional cognitive science that consciousness is a computational process resulting from macroscopic neural activity as described by classical physics. That assumption has been questioned both because it has been unsuccessful in explaining consciousness and because it is based on outdated ideas about the nature of matter. More contemporary quantum theories may be more successful for understanding cognition. For example, Mari Jibu, Kunio Yasue, and Yasushi Takahashi have proposed a theory of memory as a spinor field underlying cortical dipoles in which quantum mechanical tunnelling instantiates memory decay and in which the creation of Goldstone …

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Social, Achievement, And Control Dimensions Of Personality-Life Event Vulnerability To Depression, P.A. Frewen, David J. A. Dozois Jan 2006

Social, Achievement, And Control Dimensions Of Personality-Life Event Vulnerability To Depression, P.A. Frewen, David J. A. Dozois

Psychology Publications

This study investigated whether Sociotropy and the subscales of Autonomy (i.e., Perfectionistic/Self-critical, Need for Control, and Defensive Separation) would show differential patterns of vulnerability to dysphoria in both retrospective and prospective designs. Each of these scales showed a predicted pattern of association with life goals and impact ratings for negative events in a retrospective design. In a prospective design, the scales showed differential associations with goal obtainment and cognitive-affective responses to life events but did not predict follow-up dysphoria independently of baseline dysphoria. These results are discussed in terms of the multidimensionality of personality vulnerability and depressogenic negative life events …

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Critical Theory And Information Studies: A Marcusean Infusion, Ajit K. Pyati Jan 2006

Critical Theory And Information Studies: A Marcusean Infusion, Ajit K. Pyati

FIMS Publications

In the field of library and information science, also known as information studies, critical theory is often not included in debates about the discipline’s theoretical foundations. This paper argues that the critical theory of Herbert Marcuse, in particular, has a significant contribution to make to the field of information studies. Marcuse’s focus, for instance, on ‘technical rationality’ as a tool of domination in modern capitalist society is a useful construct for understanding how discourses of information technology are being used to perpetuate modernist notions of information and capitalist logics of consumption. It is argued here that critical theory theory and …

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Mapping Textually-Mediated Information Practice In Clinical Midwifery Care, Pamela J. Mckenzie Jan 2006

Mapping Textually-Mediated Information Practice In Clinical Midwifery Care, Pamela J. Mckenzie

FIMS Publications

No abstract provided.

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Let’S Not Get Psyched Out Of Privacy: Reflections On Withdrawing Consent To The Collection, Use And Disclosure Of Personal Information, Jennifer Barrigar, Jacquelyn Burkell, Ian Kerr Jan 2006

Let’S Not Get Psyched Out Of Privacy: Reflections On Withdrawing Consent To The Collection, Use And Disclosure Of Personal Information, Jennifer Barrigar, Jacquelyn Burkell, Ian Kerr

FIMS Publications

The technologies that we use and the values we embrace construct an information hungry society. Our mass adoption of them has transformed many of us into information junkies, and those whose business it is to feed our info-pangs continuously demand quid pro quo: in order to get information, you must give some up. In this article, we investigate PIPEDA’s conception of consent, with special emphasis on the right of individuals to withdraw consent.

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Anonymity In Behavioural Research: Not Being Unnamed, But Being Unknown, Jacquelyn Burkell Jan 2006

Anonymity In Behavioural Research: Not Being Unnamed, But Being Unknown, Jacquelyn Burkell

FIMS Publications

EMPIRICAL RESEARCH IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES should help answer a crucial question: how does anonymity influence behaviour? A quick perusal of the literature, however, reveals that the answer provided by this research is far from simple. According to the empirical literature, “anonymity” has broad, varied, and inconsistent behavioural effects. A deeper reading reveals that the complexity of behavioural effects is matched by the complexity and variety in the empirical definitions of “anonymity.” Analysis of empirical manipulations designed to operationalize the concept reveal that they reflect three distinct concepts: 1) identity protection (withholding of name or other unique identifiers); 2) visual …

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‘Poster Meets Innis: Poststructuralism And The Possibility Of Political Economy’, Robert Babe, Edward Comor Jan 2006

‘Poster Meets Innis: Poststructuralism And The Possibility Of Political Economy’, Robert Babe, Edward Comor

FIMS Publications

This is the fifth and final column in the Topia series exploring intersections between political economy and cultural studies. The column in Topia 15 (Babe 2006: 91-101) documents the tendency on the part of mainstream American communication/media scholars—from John Dewey in the first decades of the 20th century to postmodernist writers of today—to obscure to the vanishing point concerns and methods of political economy. The earlier column suggests that “readers should scrutinize carefully the writings of contemporary poststructuralist/postmodernist authoritative figures to determine just where they stand on issues of political economy” (98). That is precisely what we do here: we …

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Why Are Hyperlinks To Business Websites Created? A Content Analysis, L. Vaughan, Y. Gao, M. Kipp Jan 2006

Why Are Hyperlinks To Business Websites Created? A Content Analysis, L. Vaughan, Y. Gao, M. Kipp

FIMS Publications

Motivations for the creation of hyperlinks to business sites were analyzed through a content analysis approach. Links to 280 North American IT companies (71 Canadian companies and 209 U.S. companies) were searched through Yahoo!. Then a random sample of 808 links was taken from the links retrieved. The content as well as the context of each link was manually examined to determine why the link was created. The country location and the type of the site where the link came from were also identified. The study found that most links were created for business purposes confirming findings from early quantitative …

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The Study Of Urban Form In Canada, Jason Gilliland, Pierre Gauthier Jan 2006

The Study Of Urban Form In Canada, Jason Gilliland, Pierre Gauthier

Geography & Environment Publications

This paper examines contributions to the study of urban form in Canada by French and English researchers working in a variety of disciplines, especially architecture, planning, geography, and history. Instead of discussing contributions purely along traditional linguistic or disciplinary lines, the authors use a novel classification scheme to identify and categorize significant works according to their particular epistemological perspective, before describing noteworthy contributions of various academic disciplines by key authors and research themes. The most significant contributions to the study of urban form in Canada have come from two largely isolated camps: first, architects/planners, mostly from Québec, who examine form …

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Mapping Urban Morphology: A Classification Scheme For Interpreting Contributions To The Study Of Urban Form, Pierre Gauthier, Jason Gilliland Jan 2006

Mapping Urban Morphology: A Classification Scheme For Interpreting Contributions To The Study Of Urban Form, Pierre Gauthier, Jason Gilliland

Geography & Environment Publications

Urban morphology is a thriving field of enquiry involving researchers from a wide diversity of disciplinary, linguistic and cultural backgrounds. While this diversity has helped advance our understanding of the complexity of urban form, confusion and controversy has also arisen over the various theoretical formulations forwarded by researchers from different philosophical and epistemological backgrounds. With the aim of improving intelligibility in the field, this paper proposes a straightforward scheme to identify, classify and interpret, or ‘map’, individual contributions to the study of urban form according to their respective theoretical or epistemological perspectives. Drawing upon epistemological discussions familiar to the readers …

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Development Of The Anxiety Change Expectancy Scale (Aces) And Validation In College, Community, And Clinical Samples., David J A Dozois, Henny A Westra Dec 2005

Development Of The Anxiety Change Expectancy Scale (Aces) And Validation In College, Community, And Clinical Samples., David J A Dozois, Henny A Westra

Psychology Publications

This study investigated the psychometric properties of a newly developed 20-item instrument that assesses one's anticipation of being able to change anxiety: the Anxiety Change Expectancy Scale (ACES). Study 1 evaluated the ACES in undergraduate university students, self-identified as experiencing difficulties with anxiety. Study 2 examined the ACES in a community sample of persons with anxiety difficulties. Study 3 tested the utility of the ACES in predicting treatment change in a group of individuals with generalized anxiety disorder participating in group cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety. Across these samples, the ACES demonstrated excellent internal reliability (coefficient alphas=.89-.92) as well as …

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The Cerebral Response During Subjective Choice With And Without Self-Reference, Sterling C. Johnson, Taylor W. Schmitz, Tisha N. Kawahara-Baccus, Howard A. Rowley, Andrew L. Alexander, Jonghoon Lee, Richard J. Davidson Dec 2005

The Cerebral Response During Subjective Choice With And Without Self-Reference, Sterling C. Johnson, Taylor W. Schmitz, Tisha N. Kawahara-Baccus, Howard A. Rowley, Andrew L. Alexander, Jonghoon Lee, Richard J. Davidson

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

The anterior medial prefrontal (AMPFC) and retrosplenial (RSC) cortices are active during self-referential decision-making tasks such as when participants appraise traits and abilities, or current affect. Other appraisal tasks requiring an evaluative decision or mental representation, such as theory of mind and perspective-taking tasks, also involve these regions. In many instances, these types of decisions involve a subjective opinion or preference, but also a degree of ambiguity in the decision, rather than a strictly veridical response. However, this ambiguity is generally not controlled for in studies that examine self-referential decision-making. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment with 17 healthy …

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Hogging The Remote (Search Button): How Western Libraries Is Using Remote Searching To Streamline Acquisitions, Paul Hamilton, Karen Marshall Sep 2005

Hogging The Remote (Search Button): How Western Libraries Is Using Remote Searching To Streamline Acquisitions, Paul Hamilton, Karen Marshall

Western Libraries Presentations

This presentation discusses how Western Libraries at the University of Western Ontario used remote searching to streamline acquisitions.

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The Neural Mechanisms Of Speech Comprehension: Fmri Studies Of Semantic Ambiguity, Jennifer M Rodd, Matthew H Davis, Ingrid Johnsrude Aug 2005

The Neural Mechanisms Of Speech Comprehension: Fmri Studies Of Semantic Ambiguity, Jennifer M Rodd, Matthew H Davis, Ingrid Johnsrude

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

A number of regions of the temporal and frontal lobes are known to be important for spoken language comprehension, yet we do not have a clear understanding of their functional role(s). In particular, there is considerable disagreement about which brain regions are involved in the semantic aspects of comprehension. Two functional magnetic resonance studies use the phenomenon of semantic ambiguity to identify regions within the fronto-temporal language network that subserve the semantic aspects of spoken language comprehension. Volunteers heard sentences containing ambiguous words (e.g. 'the shell was fired towards the tank') and well-matched low-ambiguity sentences (e.g. 'her secrets were written …

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Escaping From The Straightjacket That Baffled Houdini: An Analysis Of The Myths And Realities Of Empowering Toronto Through A City Charter, Luis Silva Jul 2005

Escaping From The Straightjacket That Baffled Houdini: An Analysis Of The Myths And Realities Of Empowering Toronto Through A City Charter, Luis Silva

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the idea that municipalities in Canada – with a specific focus on Toronto – can be legally empowered by a legislative charter to defend their autonomy from the actions of the provincial government. Case studies that analyze the political and legal relationships that selected charter cities – Saint John, Montreal, Halifax, Winnipeg, Vancouver, and Lloydminster – have with their respective province were conducted. The findings reveal that while provinces may politically treat some municipalities differently than others, no legal differentiation exists between charter cities and other municipalities with regards to protecting local self-government.

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Community Mobilization In The Waterloo Regional Police Service: A Process Evaluation Of The Community Mobilization Initiative Of The Waterloo Regional Police Service, Matthew Torigian Jul 2005

Community Mobilization In The Waterloo Regional Police Service: A Process Evaluation Of The Community Mobilization Initiative Of The Waterloo Regional Police Service, Matthew Torigian

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the processes used by the Waterloo Regional Police Service in the implementation of the community mobilization approach based on an analysis of information gathered from a variety of sources, including stakeholder interviews, academic journals, and government reports. The findings reveal that there are disconnections within the Police Service among officers holding various ranks and responsibilities and this divide indicates confusion over the concept, philosophy, practice, and role of community mobilization and community policing.

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Capital Expenditures In Metropolitan Toronto: A Comparison Of The Capital Operations And Written Literature On Capital Infrastructure For The Municipality Of Metropolitan Toronto, Caspar Hall Jul 2005

Capital Expenditures In Metropolitan Toronto: A Comparison Of The Capital Operations And Written Literature On Capital Infrastructure For The Municipality Of Metropolitan Toronto, Caspar Hall

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines whether the assertions made by key literature on capital infrastructure in Metropolitan Toronto are empirically supported based on an analysis of annual capital operations financial statements. The findings reveal that, with a few exceptions, the historical analysis of capital operations does support the assertions made by the literature on capital infrastructure.

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Comparing Immigrant Services, Practices, Programs, And Policies In The City Of London And The City Of Toronto: The Implications For The City Of London, Tiwei Huang Jul 2005

Comparing Immigrant Services, Practices, Programs, And Policies In The City Of London And The City Of Toronto: The Implications For The City Of London, Tiwei Huang

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines immigrant services, practices, programs, and policies in the City of Toronto in order to provide recommendations to the City of London on how to address the six key thematic areas of settlement, employment, neighbourhood, cultural competency and access to services, social inclusion, and systemic change. Interviews with key municipal government and community organization players in both cities were conducted. The findings reveal nine recommendations in the areas of systemic change, settlement, employment, and neighbourhood to improve immigrant services, practices, programs, and policies in London.

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Watch Your Language: An Analysis Of Local Government Collective Agreement Harassment Language, Anne Macarthur Jul 2005

Watch Your Language: An Analysis Of Local Government Collective Agreement Harassment Language, Anne Macarthur

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines whether collective agreement language in Canada is working to protect unionized employees from harassment in local government based on an analysis of 250 collective agreements – 200 from local government organizations and 50 from private organizations – and their harassment policies. The findings reveal that as a whole, local government unions are working to protect employees from harassment as compared to private organizations, but public sector unions could also be offering their members much more protection than they currently do.

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Killing Bambi: Decision-Making When Values Clash, Eha Skaith Jul 2005

Killing Bambi: Decision-Making When Values Clash, Eha Skaith

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines whether there is a role for substantive rationality in gaining stakeholder acceptance when values conflict in a local government decision-making process. A case study of the Sifton Bog in London, Ontario, which involves the management of urban wildlife, is conducted to demonstrate a decision-making process where there is a conflict of values. The findings reveal that the more values conflict, the harder it is to implement substantive reasoning in the decision-making process.

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Npt Conference Collapses In Acrimony, Erika Simpson Jun 2005

Npt Conference Collapses In Acrimony, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

No abstract provided.

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Threats To The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Erika Simpson May 2005

Threats To The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

No abstract provided.

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Glutamate Receptors In Perirhinal Cortex Mediate Encoding, Retrieval, And Consolidation Of Object Recognition Memory., Boyer D Winters, Timothy J Bussey Apr 2005

Glutamate Receptors In Perirhinal Cortex Mediate Encoding, Retrieval, And Consolidation Of Object Recognition Memory., Boyer D Winters, Timothy J Bussey

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Object recognition is consistently impaired in human amnesia and animal models thereof. Results from subjects with permanent brain damage have revealed the importance of the perirhinal cortex to object recognition memory. Here, we report evidence from rats for interdependent but distinct stages in object recognition memory (encoding, retrieval, and consolidation), which require glutamate receptor activity within perirhinal cortex. Transient blockade of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission within perirhinal cortex disrupted encoding for short- and long-term memory as well as retrieval and consolidation. In contrast, transient NMDA receptor blockade during encoding affected only long-term object recognition memory; NMDA receptor activity was also …

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Environmental Issues, N.A, Mar 2005

Environmental Issues, N.A,

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

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Learning To Like: A Role For Human Orbitofrontal Cortex In Conditioned Reward, Sylvia M L Cox, Alexandre Andrade, Ingrid Johnsrude Mar 2005

Learning To Like: A Role For Human Orbitofrontal Cortex In Conditioned Reward, Sylvia M L Cox, Alexandre Andrade, Ingrid Johnsrude

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

A great deal of human behavior and motivation is based on the intrinsic emotional significance of rewarding or aversive events, as well as on the associations formed between such emotional events and concurrent environmental stimuli. Recent functional neuroimaging studies have implicated the ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and amygdala in the representation of reward values and/or in the anticipation of rewarding events. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare brain activation during the presentation of reward with that during presentation of (conditioned) stimuli that have been paired previously with reward. Specifically, we aimed to investigate conditioned reward in …

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