Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Job Search Process In Michigan 1990-1991, Zhuoyan Gu

Dissertations

Two statewide general public surveys of non-retired adults conducted in March of 1990 and 1991 were analyzed to examine patterns of job search activity. Primary attention was placed on the 1991 survey. The core questions asked were about preferences for future job search media in terms of the respondents' past job seeking experiences . The general pattern observed was a movement away from the public state employment service towards "informal" contacts. There were, however, important differences in terms of the respondents' age, sex, education, occupation, and prior employment experiences.

Caring For Dementing And Nondementing Chronically Ill Elderly In Belgium: Modeling Salutogenic And Pathogenic Processes, Timothy John Gallagher

Dissertations

The predominant model in the study of stress and disease has been identified as the pathogenic orientation. The underlying assumption of this orientation is that stress is, by nature, disease causing. An alternative model is the salutogenic orientation (Antonovsky, 1979). Researchers using the salutogenic approach are concerned with explaining the origins of health. In the present study, a sample of Flemish caregivers {N = 126) to persons with chronic dementing and nondementing disorders is examined in order to detail how sense of coherence (a measure of personality disposition), the nature of patient pathology, demographic characteristics, coping resources, and perceived negative …

The Impact Of Third Party Reimbursement On Occupational Therapy And Vision Rehabilitation Services: A Comparative Case Study, Tiehan Liu

Dissertations

This is a comparative case study of occupational therapy and vision rehabilitation services. The purpose of this study is to describe how environmental forces, especially third party reimbursement, shape occupational therapy in terms of organizational form, setting, procedure of services and documentation process. The study will further examine the current external and internal conditions under which vision rehabilitation professionals may develop third party payment, especially Medicare and Medicaid. Based on environment theories and the experience of occupational therapy, the potential impact of such reimbursement on vision rehabilitation services is discussed.

Three forms of data were used in this study: (1) …

The Use Of Nonhuman Subjects In Behavior Analysis: A Review Of Jeab Studies, Dylan David Schmorrow

Dissertations

This study examined the use of nonhuman subjects in the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, and the level of invasiveness of those studies. The invasiveness level of each study was determined according to the Shapiro and Field (1987) invasiveness rating scale. All studies published from 1958 through 1992 were considered. In addition to rating the individual studies with the invasiveness scale, data were collected concerning the species of the subjects and their number, whether anaesthesia, analgesia, drugs or toxic agents were used, whether surgery took place, levels of deprivation, and if the subjects died.

The findings from this …

Responses Of Female Therapists To Treating Adult Female Survivors Of Incest, Marcia A. Hollingsworth

Dissertations

How female therapists are affected by the long-term experience of treating adult female survivors was addressed by exploring therapists’ commonly reported affective, cognitive, physical, and imagery responses. The study specifically examined experienced female therapist responses for evidence of vicarious traumatization (McCann & Pearlman, 1990b), a transformation process whereby therapists who treat trauma victims may experience profound psychological effects, including lasting changes in seven basic cognitive schemas. The study’s findings were also considered in relation to four other models of therapist responses to treating incest survivors: burnout, secondary post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic countertransferences, and countertransference responses.

This study employed a …

The Effects Of Differing Response Force Requirements On Response Rate And Post-Reinforcement Pause, Kenneth Lee Ailing

Dissertations

The present study consisted of three experiments in which rats were exposed to two-component multiple schedules of reinforcement. In the first experiment, fifteen responses were required to produce reinforcement in both components of the multiple schedule. In one component 25 g of downward force was always required to operate the response lever. In the other, the force required varied from 25 g to 200 g across conditions. In the second experiment, fifteen responses were required to produce reinforcement in both components of the multiple schedule. In one component 25 g of downward force was always required to operate the response …

Self-Control And Choice In Children: Effects Of Food Magnitude And Reinforcer Delay, Ellen Lee Sharenow

Dissertations

The present research was designed to replicate and extend earlier studies with humans and nonhumans in the area of self-control. A discrete trial, within-subject experimental design over multiple sessions, with food as the reinforcer, was used. Instructions did not describe contingencies of reinforcement Subjects were preschool age children, a population that questionably possess the verbal repertoire capable of generating sophisticated tacting, or mediating behavior during long delays. Four experiments consisted of fixed-ratio, concurrent chain schedules with initial and terminal links. Initial links were forced trials, terminal links, choice trials. In Experiment I, the effects of differences in magnitude while holding …

Cocaine Dependence: Causal Attributions For Real And Hypothetical Relapse, James W. Pier

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Moderators Of Relationships Between Implicit And Self-Attributed Motives C By Barry J. Hoffman., Barry J. Hoffman

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Options-Promoting Interactive Behaviors And Symbolic Play: Longitudinal Investigation, Stephanie Rychlak Stilson

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No abstract provided.

Correlates Of Chronic Volatile Substance Abuse In Juvenile Delinquents, Mark Pedrotty

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Separation-Individuation, Family Functioning, And Adjustment In First Year College Students: A Longitudinal Study, Glenn M. Mcclanahan

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Coping Strategies Of Middle Adolescents, Sheila Hennelly Parfenoff

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No abstract provided.

The Class And Gender Dimensions Of Puerto Rican Migration To Chicago, Maura I. Toro-Morn

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Perceived Leadership Style, Style Flexibility, And Style Effectiveness Of Government Hospital Administrators In Thailand, Pongsin Chuwattanakul

Dissertations

Problem. Many health care organizations have a great need for leaders who can handle the complex mix of health care facilities, legal and patient demands. Currently, hospital administrators of government-operated hospitals in Thailand are selected from physicians. These physicians are not directly trained to be professional hospital administrators. It was the purpose of this study to study and reveal their leadership styles.

Method. A descriptive design was used to study the leadership styles, style flexibility, and style effectiveness of hospital administrators in self-reports and as perceived by supervisors. The LBA II-Self (Leader Behavior Analysis II: Self Perceptions of Leadership Style) …

The Development Of An Instrument To Screen Children At Risk For Attention Deficit Disorder, Carlisle Applewhaite

Dissertations

Problem. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to screen children who may be at risk for Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). This study utilized ten subtests/variables--letter sequencing, numerical operations, number sequencing, coding, listening concentration, color sequencing, object sequence, attention for sequencing, selective attention, and sentence repetition--to generate responses from two groups of students. The intent was to determine if the linear combination of variables or some subset of them could discriminate between the ADD and nonADD groups.

Method. The items in each subtest were carefully selected and subjected to critiques by eight psychologists, a psychometrician, and two …

The Effect Of Parental Alcoholism On The Development Of Object Relations And Coping In The Offspring, Elaine D. Rado

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Intimacy And Adjustment Among Catholic Priests, Thomas F. Nestor

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Staff Satisfaction And Leadership Behavior Of Theory X- And Theory Y-Oriented Principals In The Greater Chicago Public School System, Lynn Schiffer Gillman

Dissertations

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine any difference in the perceived staff satisfaction in both inner city and suburban elementary and secondary schools administrated by male or female Theory X- or Theory Y-oriented principals. Further, it was intended to determine if there was any reliability to the notion that the staff would rather be administered by male Theory X- than female Theory Y-oriented principals, working on the assumption that staff would prefer working in a school that was administered by Theory Y-oriented principals rather than by Theory-X oriented principals.

Differences were found between gender and administrator's style. …

A Revisitation Of The Wisc-R Factor Structure With Adequate Sample Size, Systematic Control Of Both Iq And Age Ranges, And The Use Of Procedures To Limit Overfactorization, Rudolph D. Bailey

Dissertations

Problem statement. This study addressed the problem of inconsistency in the results of factor-analytic studies of the WISC-R by performing analyses where age and size of Full Scale IQ ranges were held constant, and by using adequate sample sizes.

Methodology. Factor analyses were performed on the WISC-R scale scores. Principal Axes Factor method with squared multiple Rs in the diagonals was used. Oblimin was the rotation of choice. Sample size varied for each analysis, the largest being 3,493; and the smallest, 225.

Results. At the broad IQ ranges a general factor was found. At narrower IQ ranges, evidence of the …

The Development Of An Instrument To Measure Global-Mindedness, E. Jane Hett Edd

Dissertations

The leaders of the twenty-first century will need remarkable insight into other cultures and peoples and unprecedented concern for the well-being of the world community. The generally stated goal of global education in the United States is to foster a sense of global belonging through lessening ethnocentrism, increasing knowledge of other cultures, and promoting a concern for the global ecosystem. Despite the resources dedicated to this end, only limited research has been done to assess the effectiveness of programs designed to foster global-mindedness. Global-Mindedness, as the definition emerged through the qualitative component of this research, is a worldview in which …

A Framework Of Transformational Leadership Concepts Proposed For Undergraduate College And University Student Development And Student Affairs Leadership Programs, Stanley D. Fasci Edd

Dissertations

Educating undergraduate students in the area of leadership has long been part of the educational mission of many public and private institutions of higher education in the United States. At many of these colleges and universities, leadership education and training has been accomplished by programs directed by student development or student affairs divisions of the institution. The purpose of this study was to identify a framework of transformational leadership concepts that could be integrated into existing student development/affairs leadership programs. The study's objectives were: (1) to obtain expert opinion regarding transformational leadership concepts to be used; (2) to verify whether …

Empowerment As A Dynamic Of The Leadership Relationship: A Study Of Two Local Governmental Organizations, Danell Scarborough Gavares Edd

Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to develop a better understanding of the empowerment processes operating within organizations and to theorize about the relationship between empowerment and leadership. The study focuses on empowerment in two local governmental organizations--the City of Carlsbad, California and the City of Scottsdale, Arizona. The research design combined the key characteristics of naturalistic inquiry with the analytical approach of grounded theory methodology. The researcher interviewed the members of both management teams and spent time as a participant observer. The data were synthesized into a conceptual model--a picture of the empowerment practices within these two organizations. The …

Effective Administration And Implementation Of External Programs Addressing Social Issues Operating Within Schools, Roselyn R. Cole

Dissertations

Problem. It is difficult for schools to make sound decisions regarding whether to use external programs to address teenage pregnancy, AIDS, substance abuse, or any other social issue. Questions arise as to which administrative factors impact decisions to use an external program and also what indicators influence successful program implementation. The effects of central office support for a program, staff training, and ample funding are administrative factors to be examined before a program is selected.

Method. The research was conducted across several school districts within Indiana. Data collection involved the distribution of a questionnaire developed for this study. Schooladministrators comprised …

Marital Counseling In Social Work : Exploring The Relation Between Education And Practice, Zareena Kheshgi-Genovese

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Child Abuse On Patterns Of Attachment, Capacity For Empathy, And Externalizing Behaviors For Hospitalized Adolescents, Nancy A. Norton

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

District Elections, Redistricting And Recall: A Study Of The Fifth District Of The City Of San Diego, 1988-1991, Linell Blair Fromm Edd

Dissertations

In 1988, voters in San Diego approved a switch from an at-large to a district-only election system. In 1989, Linda Bernhardt, a 30-year-old political neophyte, ran an anti-developer, grassroots campaign in San Diego's Fifth Council District. She unseated well-financed, two-term, pro-development incumbent Ed Struiksma. Within 17 months, Bernhardt was recalled from office. It was the first successful recall election in the City of San Diego in the twentieth century. This study documented significant events that bore on Bernhardt's recall to gain an understanding and appreciation of how events necessitated the recall. The researcher analyzed contributing factors, using an historical case-study …

Leadership Relationships And The Superintendency, Theresa M. Peterson Edd

Dissertations

Leadership in the 1990s is perceived as the primary solution to the political, social, economic and educational problems encountered today by our western society. The solutions that have worked in the industrialized society of the past are being re-evaluated and questioned by our technocratic society of today. The concept of leadership is undergoing a change. The old industrial view of leadership is making way for the emerging postindustrial view--a view that regards leadership as an inter-relational process among people who intend real, substantive changes berthed from a mutuality of purpose. This research focused on the leadership relationships forged in the …

Bicultural Women In Monocultural Organizations: Professional Hispanic Women's Experiences Of Diversity And Their Recommendations For Organizations, Carmen Mestas Bárcena Edd

Dissertations

The composition of the work force in this country is changing from one in which the White male was dominant to one in which by the year 2000 women and ethnic minorities will be dominant. Work force diversity will impact organizations at all levels, including top management, which has been closed to women and minorities, and in particular, minority women. The diverse work force's expectation for advancement into top levels of management will present challenges to organizations. Some organizations have recognized that to remain competitive they need to manage a more diverse work force. The purpose of this study is …

The Effect Of Reading And Discussing Literature With Strong Women Characters On Sixth Grade Students’ Sex Stereotype And Occupational Attitudes, Leslie Caspi Edd

Dissertations

There is considerable evidence that children develop stereotyped attitudes early in life and that these attitudes affect their futures. Many researchers agree that children's attitudes can be influenced by what they read and some studies have shown that attitudes can be changed by exposure to selected literature. This study focused on a group of sixth grade children reading selected short stories and novels with female main characters. Literature discussion groups and written journals were used to facilitate response. The clays was racially and socioeconomically mixed as a result of busing through the Voluntary Ethnic Enrollment and Magnet Programs. The class …