Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Review Of Geant4-Dna Applications For Micro And Nanoscale Simulations, Sebastien Incerti, Michael Douglass, Scott Penfold, Susanna Guatelli, Eva Bezak

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Emerging radiotherapy treatments including targeted particle therapy, hadron therapy or radiosensitisation of cells by high-Z nanoparticles demand the theoretical determination of radiation track structure at the nanoscale. This is essential in order to evaluate radiation damage at the cellular and DNA level. Since 2007, Geant4 offers physics models to describe particle interactions in liquid water at the nanometre level through the Geant4-DNA Package. This package currently provides a complete set of models describing the event-by-event electromagnetic interactions of particles with liquid water, as well as developments for the modelling of water radiolysis. Since its release, Geant4-DNA has been adopted as …

Development Of A Bio-Inspired Transformable Robotic Fin, Yikun Yang, Yu Xia, Fenghua Qin, Min Xu, Weihua Li, Shiwu Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Fish swim by oscillating their pectoral fins forwards and backwards in a cyclic motion such that their geometric parameters and aspect ratios change according to how fast or slow a fish wants to swim; these complex motions result in a complicated hydrodynamic response. This paper focuses on the dynamic change in the shape of a fin to improve the underwater propulsion of bio-inspired mechanism. To do this, a novel transformable robotic fin has been developed to investigate how this change in shape affects the hydrodynamic forces acting on the fin. This robotic fin has a multi-link frame and a flexible …

Comprehensive Performance Analysis Of Fully Cooperative Communication In Wbans, Le Chung Tran, Alfred Mertins, Xiaojing Huang, Farzad Safaei

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

While relay-based cooperative networks (widely known in the literature as cooperative communication), where relays only forward signals from the sources to the destination, have been extensively researched, fully cooperative systems have not been thoroughly examined. Unlike relay networks, in a fully cooperative network, each node acts as both a source node sending its own data and a relay forwarding its partner's data to the destination. Mutual cooperation between neighboring nodes is believed to improve the overall system error performance, especially when space-time codes are incorporated. However, a comprehensive performance analysis of space-time-coded fully cooperative communication from all three perspectives, namel,y …

Modified Centrifugal Technique For Determining Polymer Demand And Achievable Dry Solids Content In The Dewatering Of Anaerobically Digested Sludge, Vu Hien Phuong To, Tien Vinh Nguyen, Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran, Long D. Nghiem, Sudhir Murthy, Heriberto A. Bustamante, Matthew Higgins

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This study aims to characterize anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) and correlate the sludge characteristics in terms of soluble organic compounds with polymer demand (PD) during sludge conditioning. The PD required to achieve maximum dewatering of the ADS studied is in the range of 8-10 kg polymer/dry ton. The commonly used capillary suction time parameter to evaluate the solid-liquid separation ability was not a reliable indicator for assessing dewatering. Instead, in this study, a modified centrifugal technique proposed by Higgins (Higgins MCT) was used to assess the maximum achievable dry solids content of the biosolids cake. The Higgins MCT is readily …

Response Of Rigid Piles During Passive Dragging, Wei Dong Guo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper develops a three-layer model and elastic solutions to capture nonlinear response of rigid, passive piles in sliding soil. Elastic solutions are obtained for an equivalent force per unit length p_s of the soil movement. They are repeated for a series of linearly increasing p_s (with depth) to yield the nonlinear response. The parameters underpinning the model are determined against pertinent numerical solutions and model tests on passive free-head and capped piles. The solutions are presented in non-dimensional charts and elaborated through three examples. The study reveals the following:

• On-pile pressure in rotationally restrained, sliding layer reduces …

A Review Of Shear Strength Models For Rock Joints Subjected To Constant Normal Stiffness, Sivanathan Thirukumaran, Buddhima Indraratna

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The typical shear behaviour of rough joints has been studied under constant normal load/stress (CNL) boundary conditions, but recent studies have shown that this boundary condition may not replicate true practical situations. Constant normal stiffness (CNS) is more appropriate to describe the stress-strain response of field joints since the CNS boundary condition is more realistic than CNL. The practical implications of CNS are movements of unstable blocks in the roof or walls of an underground excavation, reinforced rock wedges sliding in a rock slope or foundation, and the vertical movement of rock-socketed concrete piles. In this paper, the highlights and …

Comparison Of Setup Accuracy Of Three Different Image Assessment Methods For Tangential Breast Radiotherapy, Vikneswary Batumalai, Penny Phan, Callie Choong, Lois C. Holloway, Geoff P. Delaney

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Introduction

To compare the differences in setup errors measured with electronic portal image (EPI) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients undergoing tangential breast radiotherapy (RT). Relationship between setup errors, body mass index (BMI) and breast size was assessed.

Methods

Twenty-five patients undergoing postoperative RT to the breast were consented for this study. Weekly CBCT scans were acquired and retrospectively registered to the planning CT in three dimensions, first using bony anatomy for bony registration (CBCT-B) and again using breast tissue outline for soft tissue registration (CBCT-S). Digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) generated from CBCT to simulate EPI were compared to …

Superstrength Of Nanograined Steel With Nanoscale Intermetallic Precipitates Transformed From Shock-Compressed Martensitic Steel, Hai Liang Yu, Ming Yan, Cheng Lu, Anh Kiet Tieu, Hui Jun Li, Qiang Zhu, Ajit R. Godbole, Jintao Li, Lihong Su, Charlie Kong

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

An increasing number of industrial applications need superstrength steels. It is known that refined grains and nanoscale precipitates can increase strength. The hardest martensitic steel reported to date is C0.8 steel, whose nanohardness can reach 11.9 GPa through incremental interstitial solid solution strengthening. Here we report a nanograined (NG) steel dispersed with nanoscale precipitates which has an extraordinarily high hardness of 19.1 GPa. The NG steel (shock-compressed Armox 500T steel) was obtained under these conditions: high strain rate of 1.2 μs⁻¹, high temperature rise rate of 600 Kμs⁻¹ and high pressure of 17 GPa. The mean grain …

Tunable Particle Focusing In A Straight Channel With Symmetric Semicircle Obstacle Arrays Using Electrophoresis-Modified Inertial Effects, Dan Yuan, Chao Pan, Jun Zhang, Sheng Yan, Qianbin Zhao, Gursel Alici, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In this work, a novel microfluidic platform for tunable particle focusing in a straight channel with symmetric semicircle obstacle arrays using electrophoresis (EP)-modified inertial effects was presented. By exerting an EP force on the charged microparticles, a relative velocity gap between microspheres and fluid in a straight channel with symmetric semicircle obstacle arrays was implemented. The relative velocity and fluid shear will induce shear-slip lift force (Saffman lift force) perpendicular to the mainstream direction. Therefore, the focusing pattern can be altered using the electrophoresis-induced Saffman force. The effects of electric field direction, flow rate, electric field magnitude, and particle size …

A Seat Suspension With A Rotary Magnetorheological Damper For Heavy Duty Vehicles, Shuaishuai Sun, Donghong Ning, Jian Yang, Haiping Du, Shiwu Zhang, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper presents the development of an innovative seat suspension working with a rotary magnetorheological (MR) fluid damper. Compared with a conventional linear MR damper, the well-designed rotary MR damper possesses several advantages such as usage reduction of magnetorheological fluid, low sealing requirements and lower costs. This research starts with the introduction of the seat suspension structure and the damper design, followed by the property test of the seat suspension using an MTS machine. The field-dependent property, amplitudedependent performance, and the frequency-dependent performance of the new seat suspension are measured and evaluated. This research puts emphasis on the evaluation of …

Deadband Control Of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Around Synchronous Speed, Yingjie Tan, Kashem M. Muttaqi, Lasantha G. Meegahapola, Phil Ciufo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Semiconductor devices in power electronic converters of the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) are susceptible to significant junction temperature variations when operating around synchronous speed, thereby reducing the lifetime of the converters. This is due to the fact that the frequency of the rotor current in a DFIG is determined by the stator flux frequency and rotor speed, and hence will lead to low rotor current frequency when operating closer to the synchronous speed, and ultimately result in significant thermal stress on semiconductor devices. In this paper, a multimode operation control strategy is proposed for the DFIG to prevent operating around …

An Intelligent Driver Alerting System For Real-Time Range Indicator Embedded In Electric Vehicles, Kaveh Sarrafan, Kashem M. Muttaqi, Danny Sutanto, Graham Town

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper proposes a state-of-the-art algorithm for a real time charging recommendation for an electric vehicle (EV) driver based on an accurate real-time range indicator system to avoid range anxiety. The charging recommendation algorithm alerts the driver when charging is deemed required for the selected route. This algorithm determines the nearest charging location obtained using GPS based on an accurate estimation of SoC at the destination and when charging determines the optimum charging time required by the battery to have sufficient energy to reach the destination. The graphical user interface (GUI) of the real-time range indicator system is also used …

Development Of Intermediate Cooling Technology And Its Control For Two-Stand Plate Rolling, Fei Zhang, Wei Yu, Tao Liu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In a plate rolling production line, thermomechanically controlled processing is critical for plate quality. In this paper, a set of intermediate cooling equipment of a two-stand plate mill with super density nozzles, medium pressure, and small flow is developed. Based on a simplified dynamic model, a cooling control scheme with combined feedforward, feedback, and adaptive algorithms is put forward. The new controlled rolling process and the highly efficient control system improve the controlled rolling efficiency by an average of 17.66%. The proposed intermediate cooling system can also effectively inhibit the growth of austenite grain, improve the impact toughness and yield …

Uniqueness Of Solutions To A Nonlinear Elliptic Hessian Equation, Siyuan Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Through an Alexandrov-Fenchel inequality, we establish the general Brunn-Minkowski inequality. Then we obtain the uniqueness of solutions to a nonlinear elliptic Hessian equation on Sn.

A Wideband F-Shaped Patch Antenna For S-Band Cubesats Communications, Faisel Em M Tubbal, Raad Raad, Kwan-Wu Chin

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A wideband S-band F-shaped patch antenna is proposed for CubeSats communications. To broaden bandwidth, it uses two arms with different lengths to generate a second resonant frequency. The effect of the arm length and width on the return loss, resonant frequency and impedance bandwidth on a 3U CubeSat is studied. The simulation results show that the antenna achieves a wideband of 1121 MHz (1.606-2.727 GHz) with a return loss below −10 dB over the entire frequency band from 1.606 to 2.727 GHz. The antenna has a high gain of 8.51 dB and a small return loss of −32.85 dB at …

Dipole Antenna Array Cluster For Cubesats, Sining Liu, Raad Raad, Kwan-Wu Chin, Faisel Em M Tubbal

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

CubeSats are attracting interest from both the industry and academia because of their affordability. Specifically, they are made from commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) electronic circuit chips, and are thus seen as a cost effective replacement for traditional, expensive satellites. Moreover, they are expected to have higher capabilities to better support demanding missions. To date, most CubeSats rely on a single element antenna that usually has a relatively low gain and are not steerable. Thus, they are not suitable for long-distance communications and for use by missions requiring high-speed links and adjustable radiation patterns. Existing single element antennas also increase the probability …

Interaction Prediction Between Groundwater And Quarry Extension Using Discrete Choice Models And Artificial Neural Networks, Johan Barthelemy, Timoteo Carletti, Louise Collier, Vincent Hallet, Marie Moriame, Annick Sartenear

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Groundwater and rock are intensively exploited in the world. When a quarry is deepened the water table of the exploited geological formation might be reached. A dewatering system is therefore installed so that the quarry activities can continue, possibly impacting the nearby water catchments. In order to recommend an adequate feasibility study before deepening a quarry, we propose two interaction indices between extractive activity and groundwater resources based on hazard and vulnerability parameters used in the assessment of natural hazards. The levels of each index (low, medium, high, very high) correspond to the potential impact of the quarry on the …

An Implementation Of Discrete Electron Transport Models For Gold In The Geant4 Simulation Toolkit, D Sakata, Sebastien Incerti, M Bordage, N Lampe, Susumu Okada, Dimitris Emfietzoglou, Ioanna Kyriakou, K Murakami, Takashi Sasaki, H Tran, Susanna Guatelli, V Ivantchenko

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Gold nanoparticle (GNP) boosted radiation therapy can enhance the biological effectiveness of radiation treatments by increasing the quantity of direct and indirect radiation-induced cellular damage. As the physical effects of GNP boosted radiotherapy occur across energy scales that descend down to 10 eV, Monte Carlo simulations require discrete physics models down to these very low energies in order to avoid underestimating the absorbed dose and secondary particle generation. Discrete physics models for electron transportation down to 10 eV have been implemented within the Geant4-DNA low energy extension of Geant4. Such models allow the investigation of GNP effects at the nanoscale. …

Ansto Tour And Site Visit, Klaus-Dieter Liss

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

On 9 September 2016, Materials Australia New South Wales members gathered at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) for a tour of some of the country's most advanced, scientific infrastructure. After almost two years, this is the second time we were escorted around ANSTO's Lucas Heights site.

A New Micro Scale Fe Model Of Crystalline Materials In Micro Forming Process, Liang Luo, Haibo Xie, Dongbin Wei, Xiaogang Wang, Cunlong Zhou, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Micro forming of metals has drawn global attention due to the increasing requirement of micro metal products. However, the size effects become significant in micro forming processes and affect the application of finite element (FE) simulation of micro forming processes. Dividing samples into small areas according to their microstructures and assigning individual properties to each small area are a possible access to micro forming simulation considering material size effects. In this study, a new model that includes both grains and their boundaries was developed based on the observed microstructures of samples. The divided subareas in the model have exact shapes …

Microscale Mechanical Behaviour Of Ultra-Fine-Grained Materials Processed By High-Pressure Torsion, Klaus-Dieter Liss

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A special networking seminar was given by Associate Professor Megumi Kawasaki from Hanyang University, South Korea. The seminar covered microscale mechanical behaviour of ultrafine- grained materials processed by high-pressure torsion, and was co-organised by the School of Mechanical, Materials and Mechatronic Engineering (MMME), University of Wollongong and Materials Australia NSW. The event was hosted on 20 September 2016 at a sponsored networking tea by MMME.

Finite Element Method Analysis Of Surface Roughness Transfer In Micro Flexible Rolling, Feijun Qu, Haibo Xie, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Micro flexible rolling aims to fabricate submillimeter thick strips with varying thickness profile, where the surface quality of products is mainly determined by initial workpiece surface roughness and subsequent surface asperity flattening process, which is affected by process parameters during rolling. This paper shows a 3D finite element model for flexible rolling of a 250 μm thick workpiece with reduction of 20 to 50%, and rolling phase with thinner thickness indicates a better ability to decrease the surface roughness. Four types of initial workpiece surface roughness are studied in the simulation, and the influences of process parameters, such as friction …

A Conceptual Model For The Application Of Business Analytics In The Horizontal Strategic Alliance, John Janosko, Tingru Cui, S K. Lau

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The formation of strategic alliances amongst organisations has grown in recent years as globalisation has opened new markets for firms to pursue. It is of ever-increasing importance that organisations have a thorough understanding of the performance of their alliance to achieve competitive advantage. However, much research on strategic alliance has focused on examining the organisations within the alliance rather than focusing on the alliance itself. Using the new discipline of business analytics, this paper proposes a hierarchical model blending the functional roles of business analytics with data standardisation and context mediation frameworks to allow business analytics to be applied to …

Iterated Random Oracle: A Universal Approach For Finding Loss In Security Reduction, Fuchun Guo, Willy Susilo, Yi Mu, Rongmao Chen, Jianchang Lai, Guomin Yang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

No abstract provided.

Multivariate Spatial Covariance Models: A Conditional Approach, Noel A. Cressie, Andrew Zammit-Mangion

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Multivariate geostatistics is based on modelling all covariances between all possible combinations of two or more variables at any sets of locations in a continuously indexed domain. Multivariate spatial covariance models need to be built with care, since any covariance matrix that is derived from such a model must be nonnegative-definite. In this article, we develop a conditional approach for spatial-model construction whose validity conditions are easy to check. We start with bivariate spatial covariance models and go on to demonstrate the approach's connection to multivariate models defined by networks of spatial variables. In some circumstances, such as modelling respiratory …

Small Area Estimation For Semicontinuous Data, Hukum Chandra, Raymond L. Chambers

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Survey data often contain measurements for variables that are semicontinuous in nature, i.e. they either take a single fixed value (we assume this is zero) or they have a continuous, often skewed, distribution on the positive real line. Standard methods for small area estimation (SAE) based on the use of linearmixed models can be inefficient for such variables. We discuss SAE techniques for semicontinuous variables under a two part random effects model that allows for the presence of excess zeros as well as the skewed nature of the nonzero values of the response variable. In particular, we first model the …

Comparing Nonparametric Tests Of Equality Of Means For Randomized Block Designs, Donald J. Best, J. C. W Rayner, Olivier Thas, Jan De Neve, David Allingham

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A number of nonparametric tests are compared empirically for a randomized block layout. We assess tests appropriate for when the data are not consistent with normality or when outliers invalidate traditional ANOVA tests. The objective is to assess, within this setting, tests that use ranks within blocks, the rank transform procedure that ranks the complete sample and continuous analogues of the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests. The usual linear model is assumed, and our primary foci are tests of equality of means and component tests that assess linear and quadratic trends in the means. These tests include the traditional Page and Friedman tests. …

Fractal Dual Substitution Tilings, Natalie P. Frank, Samuel B. Webster, Michael F. Whittaker

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Starting with a substitution tiling, we demonstrate a method for constructing infinitely many new substitution tilings. Each of these new tilings is derived from a graph iterated function system and the tiles have fractal boundary. We show that each of the new tilings is mutually locally derivable to the original tiling. Thus, at the tiling space level, the new substitution rules are expressing geometric and combinatorial, rather than topological, features of the original. Our method is easy to apply to particular substitution tilings, permits experimentation, and can be used to construct border-forcing substitution rules. For a large class of examples …

Students' Perceived Understanding And Competency In Probability Concepts In An E-Learning Environment: An Australian Experience, M Zamalia, Anne L. Porter

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Student understanding and competency in probability have been investigated from different perspectives. Competency is often measured in the form of tests. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether perceived understanding and competency can be calibrated and assessed together using Rasch measurement tools. The study comprised 44 students who enrolled in the STAT131 Understanding Uncertainty and Variation course at University of Wollongong, Australia. Their voluntary participation in the study was through the e-learning Moodle platform where tests and assessment were administered online. Data were analysed using the Rasch measurement models. The study revealed majority of the students had little …

Patient Specific Quality Control For Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy (Sabr): It Takes More Than One Phantom, Tomas Kron, E Ungureanu, R Antony, Nicholas G. Hardcastle, Natalie Clements, J Ukath, C Fox, P Lonski, Derrick M. Wanigaratne, Annette Haworth

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy (SABR) is an extension of the concepts of Stereotactic Radiosurgery from intracranial procedures to extracranial targets. This brings with it new technological challenges for set-up of a SABR program and continuing quality assurance. Compared with intracranial procedures SABR requires consideration of motion and inhomogeneities and has to deal with a much larger variety of targets ranging from lung to liver, kidney and bone. To meet many of the challenges virtually all advances in modern radiotherapy, such as Intensity Modulated and Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IMRT and IGRT) are used. Considering the few fractions and high doses …