Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Mutual Liking, Enjoyment And Shared Interactions In The Closest Relationships Between Children With Developmental Disabilities And Peers In Inclusive School Settings, Amanda A. Webster, Mark Carter

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Typically analysis of the characteristics of friendships is made on the basis of nomination of a friend or best friend, with the assumption that this nomination reflects actual friendship. While it is possible that this assumption may be valid in typically developing children, this may not be the case for relationships for students with developmental disabilities. The relationships of 16 students with developmental disabilities in grades 1 through 6 and their three closest peers were examined to determine if dyads engaged in behaviors associated with defining components of friendship (i.e. shared interaction, mutual enjoyment, mutual liking) from literature on typically …

The Struggle Over Geography: Prospects For Advancing Public Pedagogy, Noel Castree

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This commentary is sympathetic to Murphy's (2013) call for more 'grand regional narrative' in a public key. However, by failing to recognise the root causes of, and prevailing obstacles to, change, his call risks being purely declarative. I argue that only a few, typically established, geographers will be willing and able to occupy the ideational territory currently populated by the likes of Robert Kaplan. Even so, a few is better than none, and I also argue that teaching offers a more feasible, if indirect, arena in which public thinking about world geography can be shaped in ways consistent with Murphy's …

Pimp My Ride: Mapping Vernacular Creativity In An Industrial City, Andrew T. Warren

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This case study reveals how a researcher mapped a creative industry sector - custom car designing in Wollongong - and made it 'visible'. It outlines a process of responsive engagement with youth that revealed a skilled and economic scene that challenges standard conceptions of artistic expression. 'Cruising' with youth and plotting their sites of activity using Google Maps identified an extensive, largely overlooked market and encouraged a renewed discussion about what constituted the city's creative strengths and assets.

'Super-Rich' Irish Property Developers And The Celtic Tiger Economy, Laurence Murphy, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The story of the rise and fall of the Celtic Tiger property developers offers insights into the role of the super-rich in material and symbolic place-making. Irish developers were not only involved in the physical construction of place(s); they were very public actors in the construction of discourses of Ireland as a place of opportunity, entrepreneurialism and success. In contrast to the relative anonymity of high-rolling financial traders, property developers were celebrated media stars. Indeed, as the property boom gathered pace, stories of past property successes arguably became an essential prerequisite for mobilizing new rounds of property investment. Developers with …

Governing Carbon In The Australian City: Local Government Responses, Robyn Dowling, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Harriet Bulkeley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Mitigating and adapting to future changes in climate in the context of urban growth has focused the attention of Australian governments, planners, business and community interests alike. In this landscape we see a proliferation of frameworks and initiative s for governing carbon, from Australian state and local governments as well as a wide array of other actors including the private and not-for-profit sectors. Currently no clear picture of their architecture or workings exists. In this paper we use urban local governments - a central actor in these frameworks - as an entry point. Drawing on recent research aimed to document …

Developing Aspiration, Pathways And Access, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea, Paul A. Chandler

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Keynote presentation made at The 5th Social Inclusion in Higher Education Conference, 2-3 December 2013, Sydney, Australia

Youth Gangs In A Remote Indigenous Community: Importance Of Cultural Authority And Family Support, Teresa Cunningham, Bill Ivory, Richard D. Chenhall, Rachel M. Mcmahon, Kate Senior

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The Indigenous community of Wadeye in the Northern Territory, Australia has been described as a community 'under siege from continual gang violence' (Rioting flares again at Wadeye. The Australian 7 August; Gang violence plagues Wadeye. ABC News 1 December; Wadeye worst in 50 years. NT News 2 November). The gangs appear to have emerged in the early 1980s and are generally defined through youth aligning themselves along cultural, clan and family affiliations into groups with contemporary Americanised gang characteristics, symbolic links with heavy metal music and clearly defined turf boundaries. Although they do engage in some relatively minor drug (predominately …

What Evidence Exists For Initiatives To Reduce Risk And Incidence Of Sexual Violence In Armed Conflict And Other Humanitarian Crises? A Systematic Review, Jo Spangaro, Chinelo Adogu, Geetha Ranmuthugala, Gawaine Powell, Léa Steinacker, Anthony Zwi

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Sexual violence is highly prevalent in armed conflict and other humanitarian crises and attracting increasing policy and practice attention. This systematic review aimed to canvas the extent and impact of initiatives to reduce incidence, risk and harm from sexual violence in conflict, post-conflict and other humanitarian crises, in low and middle income countries. Twenty three bibliographic databases and 26 websites were searched, covering publications from 1990 to September 2011 using database-specific keywords for sexual violence and conflict or humanitarian crisis. The 40 included studies reported on seven strategy types: i) survivor care; ii) livelihood initiatives; iii) community mobilisation; iv) personnel …

Examining Three Planning Pathways In The Mediation Of Resident Opposition To Compact City, Joe Hurley, Nicole T. Cook, Elizabeth Taylor

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Compact city policy is central to current metropolitan strategic planning, yet higher density housing in existing urban areas has been subject to significant resident opposition. This has put new focus on the extent and nature of resident influence over planning processes. There are a variety of policy positions in relation to resident input in planning processes within and across jurisdictions in Australia and overseas. However, there is limited research exploring the effectiveness of these different planning approaches in terms of housing supply or participatory planning outcomes. Drawing on data collected in Melbourne, this paper synthesises the results of a research …

Key Issues Effecting Field Researcher Safety: A Reflexive Commentary, Michael Roguski, Juan M. Tauri

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article raises concerns about the, arguably, obscure position the issue of field researcher safety holds in our training curricula, supervision processes and across our research communities. A variety of discursive tensions are discussed as preventing a full realisation of researcher safety as a significant issue for social research practitioners. These tensions include the impact of privileging violence over the wide range of risks inherent in researching the social context, the ideological construction of the intrepid researcher as someone who bravely enters the field, often without an understanding of the environment or cognisant of potential risks; thus relying on a …

Patterns Of Food Safety Knowledge Among Australians: A Latent Class Approach, Anthony Worsley, Wei Wang, Stephanie Byrne, Heather Yeatman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to examine food safety knowledge and its associations among Australians. An Internet-based nationwide survey of 2,022 consumers was conducted in 2011. Quota sampling was used to ensure that the age, gender, educational background, and state of residence of the respondents were representative of the Australian population. A list of 10 food safety knowledge items was administered along with questions about the respondents' food attitudes, demographics, school education, and diet practices. Overall, the results showed that safety knowledge was relatively poor. Latent class analysis identified two groups of respondents with different levels of food safety knowledge. Poor knowledge …

Using Hpv Vaccination For Promotion Of An Adolescent Package Of Care: Opportunity And Perspectives, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Emilie Venables, Helen Rees, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Adolescents are a difficult population to access for preventive health care, particularly in less resourced countries. Evidence from developed countries indicates that the HPV vaccine schedule may be a useful platform from which to deliver other adolescent health care services. We conducted a qualitative cross sectional study to assess the potential for using the HPV vaccine in the South African public health care system as an opportunity for integrated health care services for adolescents. Methods: Parents, young adolescents, community members and key informants participated in interviews and focus group discussions about feasibility and acceptability, particularly the use of the …

Conceptualizing Community Mobilization For Hiv Prevention: Implications For Hiv Prevention Programming In The African Context, Sheri Lippman, Suzanne Maman, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Rhian Twine, Dean Peacock, Kathleen Kahn, Audrey Pettifor

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Introduction: Community mobilizing strategies are essential to health promotion and uptake of HIV prevention. However, there has been little conceptual work conducted to establish the core components of community mobilization, which are needed to guide HIV prevention programming and evaluation. Objectives: We aimed to identify the key domains of community mobilization (CM) essential to change health outcomes or behaviors, and to determine whether these hypothesized CM domains were relevant to a rural South African setting.Method:We studied social movements and community capacity, empowerment and development literatures, assessing common elements needed to operationalize HIV programs at a community level. After synthesizing these …

How Much Demand For New Hiv Prevention Technologies Can We Really Expect? Results From A Discrete Choice Experiment In South Africa, Fern Terris-Prestholt, Kara Hanson, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Peter Vickerman, Helen Rees, Charlotte Watts

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: For the first time in the history of HIV, new bio-medical interventions have been shown to be effective in preventing HIV transmission. For these new HIV prevention technologies (NPTs) to have an impact on the epidemic, they must be widely used. This study uses a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to: understand the relative strength of women's preferences for product characteristics, understand the implications for substitution away from male condoms, and inform realistic modelling of their potential impact and cost-effectiveness. Methods: A DCE was conducted among 1017 women in urban South Africa. Women were presented with choices between potential women's …

Mapping Face Recognition Information Use Across Cultures, Sebastien R. Miellet, Luca Vizioli, Lingnan He, Xinyue Zhou, Roberto Caldara

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Face recognition is not rooted in a universal eye movement information-gathering strategy. Western observers favor a local facial feature sampling strategy, whereas Eastern observers prefer sampling face information from a global, central fixation strategy.Yet, the precise qualitative (the diagnostic) and quantitative (the amount) information underlying these cultural perceptual biases in face recognition remains undetermined.To this end, we monitored the eye movements of Western and Eastern observers during a face recognition task, with a novel gaze-contingent technique: the Expanding Spotlight.

The Effects Of Inhibitory Control Training On Alcohol Consumption, Implicit Alcohol-Related Cognitions And Brain Electrical Activity, Claire Bowley, Cameron Faricy, Bronwyn Hegarty, Stuart J. Johnstone, Janette L. Smith, Peter J. Kelly, Jacqueline A. Rushby

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to replicate findings that alcohol consumption and positive implicit beer-related cognitions can be reduced using inhibitory control (IC) training, with the addition of an active training control. Frontal EEG asymmetry, an objective psychophysiological index of approach motivation, was used as a dependent measure to examine training outcomes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two IC training conditions (Beer NoGo or Beer Go) or a Brief Alcohol Intervention (BAI) (i.e. the active training control). The IC training tasks consistently paired a stimulus that required a response with images of water (Beer NoGo) or images of beer (Beer …

Eat, Drink And Gamble: Marketing Messages About 'Risky' Products In An Australian Major Sporting Series, Sophie Lindsay, Samantha Thomas, Sophie Lewis, Kate Westberg, Rob Moodie, Sandra C. Jones

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

To investigate the alcohol, gambling, and unhealthy food marketing strategies during a nationally televised, free to air, sporting series in Australia.

Methods/approach

Using the Australian National Rugby League 2012 State of Origin three-game series, we conducted a mixed methods content analysis of the frequency, duration, placement and content of advertising strategies, comparing these strategies both within and across the three games.

Results

There were a total of 4445 episodes (mean = 1481.67, SD = 336.58), and 233.23 minutes (mean = 77.74, SD = 7.31) of marketing for alcoholic beverages, gambling products and unhealthy foods and non-alcoholic beverages during the …

Can Working Memory Predict Target-To-Target Interval Effects In The P300?, Genevieve Z. Steiner, Robert J. Barry, Craig J. Gonsalvez

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

It has been suggested that the P300 component of the ERP is an electrophysiological index of memory-updating processes associated with task-relevant stimuli. Component magnitude varies with the time separating target stimuli (target-to-target interval: TTI), with longer TTIs eliciting larger P300 amplitudes. According to the template-update perspective, TTI effects observable in the P300 reflect the updating of stimulus-templates in working memory (WM). The current study explored whether young adults' memory-task ability could predict TTI effects in P300. EEG activity was recorded from 50 university students (aged 18–25 years) while they completed an auditory equiprobable Go/NoGo task with manipulations of TTIs. Participants …

A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial To Differentiate The Acute Cognitive And Mood Effects Of Chlorogenic Acid From Decaffeinated Coffee, David A. Camfield, Beata Y. Silber, Andrew B. Scholey, Karen Nolidin, Antionette Goh, Con Stough

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In the current study, sixty healthy older adults aged 50 years or older, and who were light to moderate coffee drinkers, were administered 6g of a decaffeinated green coffee blend (NESCAFÉ Green Blend coffee; GB) or 540mg pure chlorogenic acids (CGA) or placebo in a double-blind acute cross-over design, with cognitive and mood assessments pre-dose, 40-mins and 120-mins post-dose. The primary outcome measure was accuracy in Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVIP). Secondary cognitive outcome measures included RVIP reaction time as well as Inspection time (IT), Jensen Box decision/reaction times, serial subtraction and N-Back working memory. Secondary mood measures included Bond-Lader …

Acute Effects Of Different Multivitamin Mineral Preparations With And Without Guaraná On Mood, Cognitive Performance And Functional Brain Activation, Andrew Scholey, Isabelle Bauer, Chris Neale, Karen Savage, David Camfield, David White, Silvia Maggini, Andrew Pipingas, Con Stough, Matthew Hughes

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Previous work has identified the positive effects of the acute administration of a multivitamin-guaraná preparation during an effortful executive/working memory task. Here, we aimed to differentiate the effects of multivitamins with and without guaraná and to examine the neural substrates of such effects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Following a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, balanced crossover design, 20 participants (mean age 29 ± 5.54 years) consumed multivitamin preparations with or without guaraná (Berocca® Performance and Boost, respectively) and a placebo. Thirty minutes post-treatment, they underwent neurocognitive assessment, consisting of a 10 min Cognitive Demand Battery, with mood ratings taken immediately …

The Effects Of Multivitamin Supplementation On Diurnal Cortisol Secretion And Perceived Stress, David A. Camfield, Mark A. Wetherell, Andrew B. Scholey, Katherine H. M Cox, Erin Fogg, David J. White, Jerome Sarris, Marni Kras, Con Stough, Avni Sali, Andrew Pipingas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Recent evidence suggests that dietary intake of vitamins, in particular the B-vitamins including B6, B9 and B12 may have a number of positive effects on mood and stress. Given the effects of stress on a range of biological mechanisms including the endocrine system, it could be reasonably expected that multivitamin supplementation may also affect markers of these mechanisms such as diurnal cortisol secretion. In the current double-blind placebo-controlled study 138 adults (aged 20 to 50 years) were administered a multivitamin containing B-vitamins versus placebo over a 16-week period. Salivary cortisol measurements were taken at waking, 15-min, 30-min and at bedtime, …

Challenges To Getting Evidence Into Practice: Expert Clinician Perspectives On Psychotherapy For Personality Disorders, Kye L. Mccarthy, Phoebe E. Carter, Brin F. S Grenyer

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background No known recent studies have investigated service provision for personality disorder in Australia, despite international studies suggesting provision of such services is sub-optimal. Aims This study aimed to gain insight into psychotherapy provided for personality disorders, treatments considered optimal by clinicians and opinions of clinicians on the current levels of care. Methods The views of 60 experienced clinicians working with personality disorders were sampled. Results Data showed significant gaps between current practices for the treatment of personality disorders provided by clinicians compared to their perceptions of optimal treatment practice. Conclusions This study highlights the evidence-practice gap and the need …

Increasing Practice After Stroke To Optimise Upper Limb Rehabilitation: A Phase Ii Randomised Trial, N A. Lannin, C Hills, A Cusick, B Kinnear, G Bowring

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Poster abstract presented at the STROKE 2013 CONFERENCE. 24th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Stroke Society of Australia. 31 July - 2 August 2013. Darwin, Australia

The 'Tiger Mother' Factor: Curriculum, Schooling And Mentoring Of Asian Students In An Australian Context, Wilma Vialle

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

There is evidence from a range of sources that indicates that South and East Asian background students are academically outperforming their peers in Australian primary and secondary schools (see, for example, Khoo and Birrell, 2002; Marks et al., 2000; Mcinerney, 2008; Paar and Mok, 1995). This evidence ranges from tertiary enrolment figures and the enrolment statistics of academically selective programs, through to school achievement records and research studies. Several explanations for the superior academic outcomes have been posited by researchers. These have included their work ethic, motivation and aspirations, and the support and expectations of their parents. While these explanations …

A Case Study Of How Using Laptops In A Primary Classroom Facilitated Higher Order Thinking, Amanda Gigliotti, Lisa Carrington, Shirley Agostinho

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Research about 1:1 laptop school initiatives highlight benefits for learning, however, there is little research about the impact of such initiatives in the primary school context. This case study reports how a 1:1 laptop program facilitated Higher Order Thinking (HOT) in an upper primary classroom in Australia. The class was observed during one unit of work and Bloom's taxonomy of HOT was used as the analysis framework. Results showed that Higher Order Thinking was evident when laptop tasks encouraged students to take an active role in their learning. HOT was facilitated by students being able to make decisions on applications …

Computer Gaming And Adhd: Potential Positive Influences On Behavior, Stuart Johnstone

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Parents often express concerns about that technology, particularly video has on their children. Indeed, have been associated with problems social isolation and a drop-off in academic achievement, and games containing violence shown to increase aggressive thoughts and. Frequent interaction with video games been associated with subsequent problems functions such as attention and impulse-control However, it is important to note that technology and video games can also be used to improve behavior. During my 15 years of research examining the brain electrical activity and behavior of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), there has been an increase in the use …

More Thinking About Less Data: A Perspective From The 2nd Provence Summer Workshop, M Valenzuela, D Bartres-Faz, E Bullmore, A Fjell, M Maletic-Savetic, R Martins, N Solowij, M Yucel

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Doppler intuited that a sound’s pitch could be altered by the relative velocity between the source and an observer-70 years later Hubble used the same principle and 42 data points to prove the universe was indeed expanding. Arguably, no other data set of 0.042 Kb has done more to change our understanding of the cosmos. Although modest in volume, it took Hubble several years to acquire these precious numbers.

Music In The Prevention And Treatment Of Substance Misuse, Stoyan Stoyanov, Zoe Papinczak, Genevieve A. Dingle, Oksana Zelenko, Leanne Hides, Peter J. Kelly, Felicity Baker, Libby Gleadhill, Alexander Short, Dian Tjondronegoro

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs Conference 2013, 24-27 November 2013, Brisbane, Australia

An Emotion Regulation Model Of Substance Misuse, Genevieve A. Dingle, Julie D. Henry, Alithea Taylor, Peter Kelly

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs Conference 2013, 24-27 November 2013, Brisbane, Australia

Oscillatory Underpinnings Of Mismatch Negativity And Their Relationship With Cognitive Function In Patients With Schizophrenia, Muzaffer Kaser, Fruzsina Soltesz, Phil Lawrence, Sam Miller, Chris Dodds, Rodney J. Croft, Robert B. Dudas, Rashid Zaman, Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Ulrich Mueller, Anna Dean, Edward T. Bullmore, Pradeep J. Nathan

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Impairments in mismatch negativity (MMN) generation have been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, underlying oscillatory activity of MMN deficits in schizophrenia and the relationship with cognitive impairments have not been investigated in detail. Time-frequency power and phase analyses can provide more detailed measures of brain dynamics of MMN deficits in schizophrenia. Method: 21 patients with schizophrenia and 21 healthy controls were tested with a roving frequency paradigm to generate MMN. Time-frequency domain power and phase-locking (PL) analysis was performed on all trials using short-time Fourier transforms with Hanning window tapering. A comprehensive battery (CANTAB) was used to …