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Articles 2131 - 2160 of 2452
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Hiv-Positive Kidney Transplants For Hiv-Positive Individuals: Attitudes And Concerns Of South African Patients And Health Care Workers, Suzanne Gokool, June Fabian, W Venter, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Saraladevi Naicker
Hiv-Positive Kidney Transplants For Hiv-Positive Individuals: Attitudes And Concerns Of South African Patients And Health Care Workers, Suzanne Gokool, June Fabian, W Venter, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Saraladevi Naicker
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In South Africa, an estimated 30% of the cadaveric donor pool is HIV-infected; in consequence, these organs are discarded. An undersupply of donor organs combined with limited resources, tends to exclude HIV-positive patients from renal replacement programmes. We evaluated the acceptance of using HIV-positive donor kidneys for transplantation into HIV-infected recipients, and found that the vast majority (90% of health care workers and 80% of patients, N=20 and 80, respectively) found this approach acceptable for expanding the organ donor pool, which indicates broad patient and health care worker support for using HIV-infected donor kidneys.Participants: 80 patients were recruited from four …
How We Make Knowledge About Climate Change, Noel Castree
How We Make Knowledge About Climate Change, Noel Castree
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Book review - A VAST MACHINE: Computer Models, Climate Data, and the Politics of Global Warming. Paul N. Edwards. xxviii + 518 pp. The MIT Press, 2010. $32.95.
Child Care: Welfare Or Investment?, Amy Conley Wright
Child Care: Welfare Or Investment?, Amy Conley Wright
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Childcare (also called day care or preschool) has generally served three purposes: to care for children while parents are employed; to provide early childhood education; and to cater to the needs of poor and disadvantaged children. This article proposes that the welfare approach to childcare be augmented by a social investment approach to enhance human and social capital investments among low income families and communities and to contribute to wider social development goals. The Head Start program in the United States and the Integrated Child Development Scheme in India are used to illustrate this argument.
Contract Research, Universities And The 'Knowledge Society': Back To The Future, Noel Castree
Contract Research, Universities And The 'Knowledge Society': Back To The Future, Noel Castree
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Many chapters in this book focus on contract research (hereafter CR), but mine differs from these in three respects. First, rather than focus on CR in its own right I want to situate it in a much wider landscape of knowledge production, circulation and consumption. My reason for doing so is simple: we cannot possibly form a view on the why and wherefore of CR unless we understand the broader epistemic context in which it currently exists. As we'll see, in this context CR appears as just one instance of a widespread shift to seeing knowledge as a means to …
Reduce The Olanzapine-Induced Body Weight Gain With Histamine H1 Receptor Agonist Betahistine In Rats, Jiamei Lian, Xu-Feng Huang, Nagesh B. Pai, Chao Deng
Reduce The Olanzapine-Induced Body Weight Gain With Histamine H1 Receptor Agonist Betahistine In Rats, Jiamei Lian, Xu-Feng Huang, Nagesh B. Pai, Chao Deng
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Abstract from the XXVII CINP Congress, 6-10 June 2010, Hong Kong
From Traditional Grammar To Functional Grammar: Bridging The Divide, Beverly Derewianka, Pauline Jones
From Traditional Grammar To Functional Grammar: Bridging The Divide, Beverly Derewianka, Pauline Jones
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This paper describes our experiences using systemic functional linguistics to teach English in Australian educational settings over the last three decades. We suggest there is a continuum of approaches to describing language and highlight what we consider to be the significant affordances of a systemic functional grammar for English language teachers. With its dual emphasis on meaning and form, we argue that the model provides powerful tools for identifying curriculum priorities, for designing pedagogy and for assessing learners’ accomplishments and needs. Most importantly, it offers a means of making language explicit to learners in the form of an accessible and …
Historical Cosmologies: Epistemology And Axiology In Australian Secondary School History Discourse, James Martin, Karl A. Maton, Erika S. Matruglio
Historical Cosmologies: Epistemology And Axiology In Australian Secondary School History Discourse, James Martin, Karl A. Maton, Erika S. Matruglio
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This paper considers the discourse of modern history in Australian secondary schools from the perspectives of systemic functional linguistics and social realist sociology of education. In particular it develops work on genre and field in history discourse in relation to knowledge structure, and the role of technical concepts realised as '-isms'. These are interpreted in relation to recent social realist work on the axiological charging of terms, especially in humanities and social science discourse, so that how you feel turns out to be as important as what you know as far as an historian's gaze on the past is concerned. …
Evaluating Sure Start In England, Edward Melhuish, Jay Belsky
Evaluating Sure Start In England, Edward Melhuish, Jay Belsky
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The National Evaluation of Sure Start (NESS) was commissioned to study Sure Start Local Programmes (SSLPs), addressing the nature of SSLP communities, programme implementation and impact on children, families and communities, as well as costeffectiveness.
Le Programme Sure Start Et Son Evaluation En Angleterre, Edward Melhuish, Jay Belsky, Jacqueline Barnes
Le Programme Sure Start Et Son Evaluation En Angleterre, Edward Melhuish, Jay Belsky, Jacqueline Barnes
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Taking The Word 'Out' West: Movie Reception And Gay Spaces, Scott J. Mckinnon
Taking The Word 'Out' West: Movie Reception And Gay Spaces, Scott J. Mckinnon
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This paper explores intersections between film reception and definitions of urban space, particularly the inner-city, gay neighbourhoods of Sydney. The reception in the Australian print media of two American movies is examined in the light of controversies provoked by the geographic location of potential screening venues. Word is Out: Stories of Some of Our Lives (1977) and Brokeback Mountain (2007), each inspired discussion in the Australian media about whether they would or would not (should or should not) be screened in areas outside the inner-city. These discussions reveal a great deal about the role of the movies in the history …
Drought And The Future Of Rural Communities: Drought Impacts And Adaptation In Regional Victoria, Australia, Anthony S. Kiem, Louise E. Askew, Meg Sherval, Danielle C. Verdon-Kidd, Craig Clifton, Emma Austin, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Helen L. Berry
Drought And The Future Of Rural Communities: Drought Impacts And Adaptation In Regional Victoria, Australia, Anthony S. Kiem, Louise E. Askew, Meg Sherval, Danielle C. Verdon-Kidd, Craig Clifton, Emma Austin, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Helen L. Berry
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The National Climate Change Research Facility (NCCARF) is undertaking a program of Synthesis and Integrative Research to synthesise existing and emerging national and international research on climate change impacts and adaptation. The purpose of this program is to provide decision-makers with the information they need to manage the risks of climate change. This report on drought and the future of rural communities in regional Victoria forms part of a series of studies/reports commissioned by NCCARF that look at historical extreme weather events, their impacts and subsequent adaptations. These studies examine particular events - primarily extremes - and seek to explore …
Adaptation Of An Interview-Based Protocol To Examine Close Relationships Between Children With Developmental Disabilities And Peers, Amanda A. Webster, Mark Carter
Adaptation Of An Interview-Based Protocol To Examine Close Relationships Between Children With Developmental Disabilities And Peers, Amanda A. Webster, Mark Carter
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The purpose of this study was to determine whether an interview protocol, based on the Friendship Quality Questionnaire, could be adapted to examine the close relationships of children with developmental disabilities in an inclusive school setting. Twenty-five children with developmental disabilities aged between approximately 5 and 12 years participated and their relationships with 74 peers were examined. Several adaptations to the procedures and interview instrument were evaluated, including gathering interview data from multiple sources and the development of a short form of the interview questionnaire. Overall, the adaptations to procedures used in the current study appeared successful in catering for …
Modeling Magnification And Anisotropy In The Primate Foveal Confluence, Mark M. Schira, Christopher W. Tyler, Branka Spehar, Michael Breakspear
Modeling Magnification And Anisotropy In The Primate Foveal Confluence, Mark M. Schira, Christopher W. Tyler, Branka Spehar, Michael Breakspear
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
A basic organizational principle of the primate visual system is that it maps the visual environment repeatedly and retinotopically onto cortex. Simple algebraic models can be used to describe the projection from visual space to cortical space not only for V1, but also for the complex of areas V1, V2 and V3. Typically a conformal (angle-preserving) projection ensuring local isotropy is regarded as ideal and primate visual cortex is often regarded as an approximation of this ideal. However, empirical data show systematic deviations from this ideal that are especially relevant in the foveal projection. The aims of this study were …
"I Don't Eat A Hamburger And Large Chips Every Day!" A Qualitative Study Of The Impact Of Public Health Messages About Obesity On Obese Adults, Sophie Lewis, Samantha L. Thomas, Jim Hyde, David Castle, R. Warwick Blood, Paul A. Komesaroff
"I Don't Eat A Hamburger And Large Chips Every Day!" A Qualitative Study Of The Impact Of Public Health Messages About Obesity On Obese Adults, Sophie Lewis, Samantha L. Thomas, Jim Hyde, David Castle, R. Warwick Blood, Paul A. Komesaroff
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background We are a society that is fixated on the health consequences of 'being fat'. Public health agencies play an important role in 'alerting' people about the risks that obesity poses both to individuals and to the broader society. Quantitative studies suggest people comprehend the physical health risks involved but underestimate their own risk because they do not recognise that they are obese. Methods This qualitative study seeks to expand on existing research by exploring obese individuals' perceptions of public health messages about risk, how they apply these messages to themselves and how their personal and social contexts and experiences …
Correspondence: Routine Early Angioplasty After Fibrinolysis, Bradley R. Wilsmore, Andrea D. Wilsmore
Correspondence: Routine Early Angioplasty After Fibrinolysis, Bradley R. Wilsmore, Andrea D. Wilsmore
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
To the Editor: Cantor et al. (June 25 issue)1 conclude that among high-risk patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who receive fibrinolysis, prompt interhospital transfer for early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after fibrinolysis is associated with significantly fewer ischemic complications than is standard treatment. Fundamental to this study’s findings are the criteria for identifying the high-risk patients who are likely to benefit from routine early angioplasty after fibrinolysis. ...................................................
Doing Good Qualitative Research In Public Health: Not As Easy As It Looks, Stacy M. Carter, Jan E. Ritchie, Peter Sainsbury
Doing Good Qualitative Research In Public Health: Not As Easy As It Looks, Stacy M. Carter, Jan E. Ritchie, Peter Sainsbury
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In this paper, we discuss qualitative research for public health professionals. Quality matters in qualitative research, but the principles by which it is judged are critically different from those used to judge epidemiology. Compared to quantitative research, good quality qualitative studies serve different aims, answer distinct research questions and have their own logic for sampling, data collection and analysis. There is, however, no need for antagonism between qualitative research and epidemiology; the two are complementary. With theoretical and methodological guidance from experienced qualitative researchers, public health professionals can learn how to make the most of qualitative research for themselves.
Writing Social Determinants Into And Out Of Cancer Control: An Assessment Of Policy Practice, Stacy M. Carter, Claire Hooker, Heather M. Davey
Writing Social Determinants Into And Out Of Cancer Control: An Assessment Of Policy Practice, Stacy M. Carter, Claire Hooker, Heather M. Davey
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
A large literature concurs that social determinants of health (SDH) are demonstrable, important, and insufficiently attended to in policy and practice. A resulting priority for research should be to determine how the social determinants of health can best be addressed. In this paper we support the more effective transfer of social determinants research into policy by: (1) describing a qualitative analysis of thirty-two cancer control policy documents from six English-speaking OECD countries and two transnational organizations, demonstrating great variability in the treatment of social determinants in these policies; (2) critiquing these various policy practices in relation to their likely impact …
Pandemic Influenza Communication: Views From A Deliberative Forum, Wendy Rogers, Jackie M. Street, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Janet E. Hiller
Pandemic Influenza Communication: Views From A Deliberative Forum, Wendy Rogers, Jackie M. Street, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Janet E. Hiller
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Objective To use a deliberative forum to elicit community perspectives on communication about pandemic influenza planning, and to compare these findings with the current Australian national communication strategy. Design Deliberative forum of 12 persons randomly selected from urban South Australia. Forum members were briefed by experts in infection control, virology, ethics and public policy before deliberating on four key questions: what, how and when should the community be told about pandemic influenza and by whom? Results The forum recommended provision of detailed and comprehensive information by credible experts, rather than politicians, using a variety of media including television and internet. …
Lost In Translation: Gaps In Reasoning For Primate Stroke, Christopher J. Degeling, Jane Johnson
Lost In Translation: Gaps In Reasoning For Primate Stroke, Christopher J. Degeling, Jane Johnson
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Sughrue and colleagues' target article "Bioethical considerations in translational research: Primate stroke" (2009) are to be commended for seeking to address a large gap in current bioethical discourse. The ethics of experimentation on nonhuman animals seems to have fallen between the cracks of the recent debates between clinical and research practitioners, ethicists and regulators. While happy to see that other parties acknowledge that this question is poorly dealt with and the issue remains far from closed, we have identified a number of problems with the argument contained in the article. In the first instance, the authors fail to clarify the …
Picturing The Pain Of Animal Others: Rationalising Form, Function And Suffering In Veterinary Orthopaedics, Christopher J. Degeling
Picturing The Pain Of Animal Others: Rationalising Form, Function And Suffering In Veterinary Orthopaedics, Christopher J. Degeling
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Advances in veterinary orthopaedics are assessed on their ability to improve the function and wellbeing of animal patients. And yet historically veterinarians have struggled to bridge the divide between an animal's physicality and its interior experience of its function in clinical settings. For much of the twentieth century, most practitioners were agnostic to the possibility of animal mentation and its implications for suffering. This attitude has changed as veterinarians adapted to technological innovations and the emergence of a clientele who claimed to understand and relate to the subjective experiences of their animals. While visualising technologies and human analogies have shaped …
Young People And The Criminal Justice System: New Insights And Promising Responses, Jioji Ravulo
Young People And The Criminal Justice System: New Insights And Promising Responses, Jioji Ravulo
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
On any given day during 2006-07 there were approximately 6,000 young people in Australia under juvenile justice supervision. This amounts to 12,765 young people who spent time under supervision through that year and 10,675 of them were aged between 10 and 17. The majority received a non-custodial sentence, which includes community-based orders and good behaviour bonds, however 43% experienced some form of detention (AIHW, 2008). The number of young people under community-based supervision showed a distinct downward trend between 2003-04 and 2006-07 (AIHW, 2008). Conversely there was an increase in the daily average number of young people incarcerated, from 590 …
Sure Start In England, Jay Belsky, Alastair H. Leyland, Jacqueline Barnes, Edward Melhuish
Sure Start In England, Jay Belsky, Alastair H. Leyland, Jacqueline Barnes, Edward Melhuish
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In her Comment (Nov 8, p 1610) on our second phase of evaluation of Sure Start local programmes in England, Penny Kane makes several points with which we could not agree more. Like her, we would have much preferred to see a randomised controlled trial done, since this would have afforded much stronger causal inferences than the quasi-experimental investigation we undertook. We also agree that the fact that we drew on data collected by two different research teams raises questions about the confidence that can be placed in conclusions drawn.
What Do Publics Want From The Planning System?, Kevin M. Dunn, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Awais Piracha, Danielle A. Pelleri, Paul J. Maginn, Michael W. Buxton, Peter J. Phibbs
What Do Publics Want From The Planning System?, Kevin M. Dunn, Pauline M. Mcguirk, Awais Piracha, Danielle A. Pelleri, Paul J. Maginn, Michael W. Buxton, Peter J. Phibbs
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Reforms to planning processes in Australia have been prefaced by assertions about what 'the public' wants from a planning system. The reforms involve a familiar mix of streamlining privatism centralisation and curtailed public consultation. Despite a demonstrable lack of local government or public consultation on the reforms in New South Wales they were justified by the then Planning Minister Frank Sartor as enacting the broader community's desires about how the planning system should be reformed. In this paper claims about public opinion collected from media releases forums discussion papers ministerial documents and legislation are analysed. Seven sets of planning principles …
Linkages Between Flooding, Migration And Resettlement: Viet Nam Case Study Report For Each-For Project, Olivia V. Dun
Linkages Between Flooding, Migration And Resettlement: Viet Nam Case Study Report For Each-For Project, Olivia V. Dun
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This report provides the results of an investigation into the linkages between flooding and migration/population displacement in the Mekong Delta of Viet Nam as part of the Environmental Change and Forced Migration Scenarios (EACH-FOR) project. Viet Nam was selected as a country for examining the relationship between environmental change and migration because it is a country prone to water or water-related disasters (Sternin 2003), some of which are thought to be increasing due to the influence of climate change (IPCC 2007, Carew-Reid 2007). Moreover, a large portion of the country’s population is based in rural areas and is directly dependent …
Peer Transition Programs: Run By Students For Students, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea, Michelle Vincent, Alan Calder, Peter Hanley
Peer Transition Programs: Run By Students For Students, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea, Michelle Vincent, Alan Calder, Peter Hanley
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This presentation will highlight the 'nuts and bolts' of peer transition programs that have been underway for some time at two universities. James Cook University first offered Kickstart in 1998 with an underlying philosophy of allowing experienced student mentors to design, develop and facilitate a short course that introduces first year students to the culture and environment of university life. University of Newcastle developed Uni-start in 2006 along the same lines, and both institutions have continued to evaluate and refine their respective transition programs. Participants at this session will hear how the two institutions have collaborated, how these types of …
Hiv, Diversity And Cultural Competence, Masha Eisenberg, Renee Moreton, Tadgh Mcmahon, Nandini Ray
Hiv, Diversity And Cultural Competence, Masha Eisenberg, Renee Moreton, Tadgh Mcmahon, Nandini Ray
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Cross-cultural issues are a reality and a challenge for public sector agencies seeking to meet their responsibilities in an increasingly diverse Australia. ‘Cross-cultural training’ of various kinds has been part of the ‘tool box’ to address these challenges. Here we report briefly on the more comprehensive framework of ‘cultural competence’
Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights Of Refugees, Asylum Seekers And Undocumented Migrants. A Framework For The Identification Of Good Practices, Ines Keygnaert, Koen Dedoncker, Kathia Van Egmond, Marleen Temmerman, Christiana Nostlinger, Jasna Loos, Patricia Kennedy, Sonia F. Dias, Luis T. Tavira, Isabel Craveiro, Elisabeth Ioannidi, Eirini Kampriani, Najla Wassie, Dorota Sienkiewicz, Erick Vloeberghs
Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights Of Refugees, Asylum Seekers And Undocumented Migrants. A Framework For The Identification Of Good Practices, Ines Keygnaert, Koen Dedoncker, Kathia Van Egmond, Marleen Temmerman, Christiana Nostlinger, Jasna Loos, Patricia Kennedy, Sonia F. Dias, Luis T. Tavira, Isabel Craveiro, Elisabeth Ioannidi, Eirini Kampriani, Najla Wassie, Dorota Sienkiewicz, Erick Vloeberghs
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This framework document wants to provide strategic guidance to stakeholders and organizations in the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights regarding: - the development of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights policies - the deliverance of Sexual and Reproductive Health services towards refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants.
Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights Of Refugees, Asylum Seekers & Undocumented Migrants, Ines Keygnaert, Koen Dedoncker, Kathia Van Egmond, Marleen Temmerman, Christiana Nostlinger, Jasna Loos, Patricia Kennedy, Sonia F. Dias, Luis T. Tavira, Isabel Craveiro, Elisabeth Ioannidi, Eirini Kampriani, Najla Wassie, Dorota Sienkiewicz, Erick Vloeberghs
Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights Of Refugees, Asylum Seekers & Undocumented Migrants, Ines Keygnaert, Koen Dedoncker, Kathia Van Egmond, Marleen Temmerman, Christiana Nostlinger, Jasna Loos, Patricia Kennedy, Sonia F. Dias, Luis T. Tavira, Isabel Craveiro, Elisabeth Ioannidi, Eirini Kampriani, Najla Wassie, Dorota Sienkiewicz, Erick Vloeberghs
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In 2006 the European Refugee Fund undertook a call for proposals, which resulted in the project presented in this report. The 18-month project started on 1 August 2007 and ran until 31 January 2009. The general aim of the project was to improve the SRH of refugees and asylum seekers in the EU, by setting up a network for the promotion of the SRH&R of refugees and asylum seekers in Europe and beyond.
Early Coital Debut And Associated Hiv Risk Factors Among Young Women And Men In South Africa, Audrey Pettifor, Katie O'Brien, Catherine L. Mac Phail, William Miller, Helen Rees
Early Coital Debut And Associated Hiv Risk Factors Among Young Women And Men In South Africa, Audrey Pettifor, Katie O'Brien, Catherine L. Mac Phail, William Miller, Helen Rees
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
CONTEXT Young people in South Africa are at high risk of HIV infection. Because first sexual experiences may influence a young person's HIV risk, a better understanding of coital debut is needed. METHODS Data from a nationally representative survey that included 7,692 sexually active South African youth aged 15-24 were used to assess characteristics related to sexual debut and to respondents' first sexual partner. Poisson regression analyses were conducted to identify relationships among these characteristics and partner age differences, early coital debut (i.e., before age 15), forced sex with one's first partner and nonuse of condoms at first sex. RESULTS …
Hearing The Student Voice - Examining The Processes Of Transition, Persistence And Engagement For A Group Of First Year, First In Family University Students, Sarah O'Shea
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This paper outlines a qualitative, narrative study that focuses on the student experience as it relates to a particular cohort of students namely women who are the first in the family to attend university. Seventeen students were recruited to participate in a series of four semi-structured interviews conducted throughout one academic year. These interviews investigated the processes involved in transition as well as the perceptions held about engaging in tertiary study and the hurdles encountered during the year. The research accompanied the students as each travelled through the university environment, exploring what it means to be a 'first-year student'. The …