Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Table Of Contents

Great Plains Quarterly

THE DUST BOWL: AN INTRODUCTION (John Braeman)

WHO WAS "FOREST MAN?" SOURCES OF MIGRATION TO THE PLAINS (John C. Hudson)

THE FUTURE OF THE GREAT PLAINS RE-VISITED (Gilbert F. White)

FEDERAL LAND RECLAMATION IN THE DUST BOWL (R. Douglas Hurt)

THE DIRTY THIRTIES: A STUDY IN AGRICULTURAL CAPITALISM (Donald Worster)

DUST BOWL HISTORIOGRAPHY (Harry C. McDean)

THE DUST BOWL: HISTORICAL IMAGE, PSYCHOLOGICAL ANCHOR, AND ECOLOGICAL TABOO (William E. Riebsame)

BOOK REVIEWS

Struggle and Hope: The Hungarian-Canadian Experience

NOTES & NEWS

The Future Of The Great Plains Re-Visited, Gilbert F. White

Great Plains Quarterly

The Future of the Great Plains came in the mid- 1930s at the culmination of a great drought and a festering worldwide economic depression as new, ambitious Washington agencies sought to redress the accumulated wounds to people and soil. Following a series of more narrow reports, this comprehensive study presented the prevailing judgments as to what had gone wrong on the Great Plains. And it outlined a widely shared vision of what the future might hold if its social prescriptions were heeded. 1 Sceptics of the time wryly remarked that the animal on its front cover (a large bull, fig. …

The Dirty Thirties A Study In Agricultural Capitalism, Donald Worster

Great Plains Quarterly

"The history of any land begins with nature, and all histories must end with nature," J. Frank Dobie once wrote.' He was eloquently right, but until very recently such a view was not regarded seriously by academic historians, who commonly took nature for granted, beginning and ending their studies with an air of human omnipotence. That attitude, however, is becoming harder to maintain in innocence, as a group of ecologically informed historians challenge it. It is now more acceptable to say, with Dobie, that nature has played a stage-center role in the making of history the making of its setbacks …

Review Of Struggle And Hope: The Hungarian-Canadian Experience By N. F. Dreisziger With M. L. Kovacs, Paul Body, And Bennett Kovrig, Linda Dégh

Great Plains Quarterly

This book appears in the government sponsored series A History of Canada's Peoples, aiming at the general public's interest in the ethnic dimension of Canadian society. "Most Canadians belong to an ethnic group, since to do so is simply to 'have a sense of identity rooted in a common origin ... whether this common origin is real or imaginary' ... all have traditions and values that they cherish and that now are part of the cultural riches that Canadians share." Despite the reference to such subjective concepts as "identity," "tradition," and "values," the authors of ethnic extraction were instructed to …

River Conservancy And Agricultural Development Of The North China Plain And Loess Highlands Strategies And Research, Huang Bingwei

Great Plains Quarterly

The North China Plain is the Chinese counterpart to the North American Great Plains. This largest plain in China suffers frequently from drought. Although agricultural production has been significantly increased in recent years, it is still far too low and too unstable to compensate for population growth and the demands of a rising standard of living. One of the major factors limiting agricultural development on the North China Plain is drought. A complication is that not only have surface and underground water resources been utilized almost to their limits for agrarian needs but also water shortages due to rapidly mounting …

Comp Ara Tive Drought Strategies The Soviet Union, Paul E. Lydolph

Great Plains Quarterly

Background. It cannot be emphasized enough that the Soviet Union is a highlatitude country. Odessa on the Black Sea coast, one of Russia's southern cities, lies at a latitude of 46°N, comparable to that of Billings, Montana, and in fact is cooler in summer than Billings (Lydolph 1977b). Krasnodar in the Kuban District of the North Caucasus, probably the most productive region in the Soviet Union, compares latitudinally and climatically to St. Paul, Minnesota. Kharkov, in the northeastern Ukraine, compares to Winnipeg, Canada; in fact, Winnipeg experiences higher maximum temperatures in summer than Kharkov does. The central black earth region …

Notes & News

Great Plains Quarterly

CENTER FOR GREAT PLAINS STUDIES SYMPOSIA

CALLS FOR PAPERS

GEORGE IRA HANSON TRUST

LECTURE SERIES

Abideth Forever? Global Use Of Semiarid Lands In The Interwar Years, J. M. Powell

Great Plains Quarterly

I have undertaken a highly selective Cook's Tour in this article, attempting to integrate our understanding of semiarid lands around the globe. The focus is concentrated on the period between the two great wars when new nationalisms, old imperial networks, and the burgeoning ambitions of scientists combined to create new systems of land use in the semiarid regions, but a few sorties have been made into earlier and later periods to assist the interpretation of specific projects. My own country, Australia, is used as the starting point for the tour, but the influence of American Donald Worster's Dust Bowl (1979) …

Adaptations To Adversity Agriculture, Climate And The Great Plains Of North America, Norman J. Rosenburg

Great Plains Quarterly

The climate of the Great Plains of the United States and Canada has presented a challenge to agrarians throughout the centuries. In this paper I discuss some of the major climatological hazards to agriculture in the plains and some of the technological defenses that North Americans have so far used to adapt to adverse weather and climate. I conclude with a consideration of the implications for Great Plains agriculture of a likely man-induced (or anthropogenic) climatic change following the expected further increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. For the purposes of this paper, I have defined agricultural drought as …

Table Of Contents

Great Plains Quarterly

INTERNATIONAL DROUGHT MITIGATION: AN INTRODUCTION (Donald A. Wilhite)

ABIDETH FOREVER? GLOBAL USE OF SEMIARID LANDS IN THE INTERWAR YEARS (]. M Powell)

ADAPTING THE ENVIRONMENT: RANCHING, IRRIGATION, AND DRY LAND FARMING IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA, 1880-1914 (A. A. den Otter)

RURAL SOCIAL ORGANIZATION IN A SEMIARID AFRICAN COUNTRY: THE CASE OF BOTSWANA (Louise Fortmann)

ADAPTATIONS TO ADVERSITY: AGRICULTURE, CLIMATE AND THE GREAT PLAINS OF NORTH AMERICA (Norman J. Rosenberg)

RIVER CONSERVANCY AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTH CHINA PLAIN AND LOESS HIGHLANDS: STRATEGIES AND RESEARCH (Huang Bingwei)

DROUGHT MITIGATION IN AUSTRALIA: REDUCING THE LOSSES BUT NOT REMOVING THE HAZARD (R. L. …

Review Of The Battle Of Batoche: British Small Warfare And The Entrenched Métis By Walter Hildebrandt, Paul L. A. H. Chartrand

Great Plains Quarterly

Metis readers will tend to react less than enthusiastically to even a fair portrayal of the military campaign which killed those whose deaths they commemorate in 1985. For that the author cannot be faulted. By his indiscriminate and unfortunate adoption of the colonizer's term "half-breed," however, he emphasizes that the traditional perception of the Metis remains.

Review Of Sophus K. Winther By Barbara Howard Meldrum, Joy Ritchie

Great Plains Quarterly

Sophus Winther, who documented the experience of Danish immigrants in the novel Take All to Nebraska, is often considered a strictly regional writer. Barbara Meldrum's analysis of Winther's fiction, political essays, and literary criticism provides evidence of a philosophical consistency and depth in Winther's writing which transcends regional boundaries. Writing about immigrants in rural settings, workers in modern cities, the soldier/ hero in post-war fiction, or about Eugene O'Neill's plays, Winther focuses on the individual struggle against the oppressiveness of physical and economic environments.

Review Of Now That The Buffalo's Gone: A Study Of Today's American Indians By Alvin M. Josephy, Jr, William H. Graves

Great Plains Quarterly

Alvin Josephy's statement that this book is the "culmination of thirty years of association" with American Indians (p. xi) explains its purpose and reveals the difficulty of trying to evaluate it. It is a study of today's Indians, their concerns, needs, and problems. It is historical, journalistic, personal, and revealing. Josephy, former editor of American Heritage magazine, is the author of several books on American Indians, including the highly regarded Patriot Chiefs. His writing style is smooth, graceful, persuasive and readable. He writes with refreshing sensitivity and his grasp of contemporary Indian issues is impressive.

Index- Fall 1985

Great Plains Quarterly

Index (8 Pages)

Fall 1985

The Garden-Desert Continuum Competing Views Of The Great Plains In The Nineteenth Century, John L. Allen

Great Plains Quarterly

In the central portion of the great American continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert which, for many a long year, served as a barrier against the advance of civilization. From the Cordillera to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado in the south, is a region of desolation and silence . . . enormous plains which, in winter, are white with snow and, in summer, are gray with the saline alkali dust. They all preserve the common characteristics of barrenness, inhospitality, and misery . ... In this stretch of country there is no …

The Emergence Of The American Agriculture Movement, 1977-1979, John Dinse, William P. Browne

Great Plains Quarterly

Beginning in late 1977, the media, television in particular, portrayed as a unique cultural phenomenon an emerging American Agriculture Movement (AAM), a pending farm strike, and a depressed farm economy that had caused this mobilization. Much was indeed unique, especially to the individual farmers and the specific manner in which they were attempting to apply political pressures, but the American Agriculture Movement itself was similar to other organizational attempts that have taken place in rural America.

In the following paper we chronicle the emergence of the American Agriculture Movement as a distinct entity, identify the common features in the emergence …

Benjamin Harrison And The American West, Homer E. Socolofsky

Great Plains Quarterly

In a speech in Pocatello, Idaho, in 1891, President Benjamin Harrison expressed his admiration for the pioneers of the American West:

My sympathy and interest have always gone out to those who, leaving the settled and populous parts of our country, have pushed the frontiers of civilization farther and farther to the westward until they have met the Pacific Ocean and the setting sun. Pioneers have always been enterprising people. If they had not been they would have remained at home; they endured great hardships and perils in opening these great mines . . . and in bringing into subjection …

Review Of Riel And The Rebellion 1885 Reconsidered By Thomas Flanagan, John E. Foster

Great Plains Quarterly

Professor Flanagan's latest revisionist publication heralds the centenary of the 1885 Saskatchewan Rebellion with a series of developmentally related essays, expressed as chapters, that challenge the conventional wisdom as to the factors responsible for one Plains Metis community, under Louis Riel, taking up arms to redress their grievances. At the same time Flanagan fails to address one longstanding deficiency in the literature.

Flanagan's scholarly strengths lie in his analyses of political issues and processes. His two chapters on the land issues in relation to the Rebellion are without equal. His discussion of aboriginal title is of interest in its own …

Title And Contents- Fall 1985

Great Plains Quarterly

GREAT PLAINS QUARTERLY

FALL 1985 VOL. 5 NO.4

CONTENTS

THE GARDEN-DESERT CONTINUUM: COMPETING VIEWS OF THE GREAT PLAINS IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY John L. Allen

THE EMERGENCE OF THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURE MOVEMENT, 1977-1979 William P. Browne and John Dinse

MAPPING THE QUALITY OF LAND FOR AGRICULTURE IN WESTERN CANADA James M. Richtik

BENJAMIN HARRISON AND THE AMERICAN WEST Homer E. Socolofsky

BOOK REVIEWS

Prairie Fire: The 1885 North-West Rebellion

Riel and the Rebellion 1885 Reconsidered

The Roots of Dependency: Subsistence, Environment, and Social Change Among the Choctaws, Pawnees, and Navajos

NOTES & NEWS

INDEX

PUBLISHED BY THE CENTER FOR GREAT …

Notes & News- Fall 1985

Great Plains Quarterly

NOTES & NEWS

CENTER FOR GREAT PLAINS STUDIES SYMPOSIA

EXHIBITIONS OF NOTE

BIBLIOGRAPHIC PROJECT

Mapping The Quality Of Land For Agriculture In Western Canada, James M. Richtik

Great Plains Quarterly

The original impetus that brought explorers and settlers to the East Coast of North America had, at least as early as the eighteenth century, evolved into, among other things, an interest in the potential of the Canadian West for European types of agriculture. As settlement spread across the continent, the perceived value of the West changed from fur hinterland to possible agricultural empire. With this shift in interest there was a change in the purpose of exploration, and as features such as rivers, lakes, and mountains became known, assessing and mapping the agricultural potential of the land began. Cartographers would …

Review Of The Roots Of Dependency: Subsistence, Environment, And Social Change Among The Choctaws, Pawnees, And Navajos By Richard White, David Reed Miller

Great Plains Quarterly

In his 1954 essay entitled "Social Anthropology and the Method of Controlled Comparison," Fred Eggan called for studies to define carefully the parameters of research "combining the sound anthropological concepts of structure and function with the ethnological concepts of process and history." Historian Richard White presents an important contribution with this monograph, which exemplifies a response to the challenge put forth almost thirty years ago. White's decision to blend methodological and descriptive devices, drawing on the literature of several disciplines, demonstrates his willingness to present the complexity of human interactions in an effort to reconstruct the perspectives of three Indian …

Review Of Prairie Fire: The 1885 North-West Rebellion By Bob Beal And Rod Macleod, George Woodcock

Great Plains Quarterly

The North-West Rebellion is one of those events in Canadian history about which much has been written without the mass of available information having been put together in a single comprehensive account. There have been narratives of participants on both sides in the rebellion and biographies of leading figures like Louis Riel and Gabriel Dumont, Poundmaker and Big Bear. The causes of the rebellion have been established in regional histories like George F. Stanley's The Birth of Western Canada, and the military aspects of the incident have been described in books like Desmond Morton's The Last War Drums. …

Mapping Kansas And Nebraska The Role Of The General Land Office, Ronald E. Grim

Great Plains Quarterly

The rectangular alignment of fields, farmsteads, and roads is one of the most striking characteristics of the settlement pattern of the Great Plains. As most students of this region's cultural landscape are aware, the dominant factor in the formation of this regular, geometric pattern was the federal government's rectangular survey system. The basic features of this survey system (base lines, principal meridians, 36-square-mile townships, sections, and quarter sections) have been outlined in introductory geography and cartography textbooks, while historical and cultural geographers have examined the system's effect on the landscape.¹ In addition, much has been written about the land …

Review Of Ohiyesa: Charles Eastman, Santee Sioux By Raymond Wilson, Janet Goldenstein-Ahler

Great Plains Quarterly

Charles Eastman, Ohiyesa, was a Santee Sioux whose life invites curiosity in a different way than for great Native American leaders like Sitting Bull, Chief Joseph, or Crazy Horse. Eastman was one of a very few Native Americans of his time who lived competently in two worlds. Raymond Wilson offers a picture of the whole lifetime in one concise, readable volume, showing Eastman's' life as fraught with difficulties and controversies. The work is based primarily on government documents, correspondence, others' accounts, and Eastman's own books and articles.

Eastman's maternal grandfather, Seth Eastman, was a U.S. Army captain who left his …

Pawnee Geography Historical And Sacred, Waldo R. Wedel, Douglas R. Parks

Great Plains Quarterly

The earth is a fundamental religious symbol for American Indian peoples. Among horticultural and hunting tribes alike, Mother Earth is the female principle, the expression of fertility and creator of life, begetting vegetation, animals, and humans. In this elemental role she often appears conspicuously in religious rituals. For many American Indian peoples, specific geographical features on the earth also figured prominently in tribal conceptions of the sacral world. The Pawnee Indians, who formerly lived in east central Nebraska, provide an instructive example of a people who had an elaborate and unique set of beliefs about such landmarks and who incorporated …

Title And Contents- Summer 1985

Great Plains Quarterly

GREAT PLAINS QUARTERLY

SUMMER 1985 VOL. 5 NO.3

CONTENTS

PAWNEE GEOGRAPHY: HISTORICAL AND SACRED Douglas R. Parks and Waldo R. Wedel

MAPPING KANSAS AND NEBRASKA: THE ROLE OF THE GENERAL LAND OFFICE Ronald E. Grim

BOOK REVIEWS

Kinsmen of Another Kind: Dakota-White Relations in the Upper Mississippi Valley, 1650-1852

Ohiyesa: Charles Eastman, Santee Sioux

A Guide to American Indian Resource Materials in Great Plains Repositories

NOTES & NEWS

PUBLISHED BY THE CENTER FOR GREAT PLAINS STUDIES

Notes And News- Summer 1985

Great Plains Quarterly

NOTES & NEWS

CENTER FOR GREAT PLAINS STUDIES

PAWNEE EARTH LODGE EXHIBIT

PUBLISHING LANDMARK

UPCOMING CONFERENCES

Review Of A Guide To American Indian Resource Materials In Great Plains Repositories By Joseph G. Svoboda, Herbert T. Hoover

Great Plains Quarterly

The frequent users of primary sources are ever grateful for any index, catalogue, guide, or list that can help direct them through manuscripts, published documents, oral histories, and other original materials. Here is no exception; they will appreciate the efforts of Joseph Svoboda and staff for a helpful tool, even though it is one with serious limitations.

It is the product of a questionnaire mailing to which less than one third of the recipients responded. Of these, less than two thirds submitted relevant information. More disconcerting than this, Svoboda's Guide lists not only materials on Great Plains Indian peoples, but …

Review Of Kinsmen Of Another Kind: Dakota-White Relations In The Upper Mississippi Valley, 1650- 1852 By Gary Clayton Anderson

Great Plains Quarterly

Gary Clayton Anderson's objective, indicated in the subtitle, is to provide an account of the long sweep of history leading up to the Sioux hostilities in Minnesota which began in mid-August of 1862 and culminated in the hanging of thirty-eight of the participants on 26 December of the same year. Although there is a large body of literature on the 1862 conflict, this book is a welcome addition because most studies have concentrated on the incidents comprising the uprising itself and Indian-white relationships immediately prior to the outbreak of hostilities.

Anderson theorizes that kinship was the organizing principle within and …