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Articles 2551 - 2580 of 2856
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Historical Perspective On Performance Budgeting: Performance Budgeting In The United States Before 1960, Dan Williams
Historical Perspective On Performance Budgeting: Performance Budgeting In The United States Before 1960, Dan Williams
Publications and Research
With the assistance of A. E. Buck, Herbert Hoover coined the term Performance Budget in 1949 to rebrand cost data budgeting. Cost data budgeting originated in 1912 in Richmond County (Staten Island), New York. It is strongly associated with the National Commission on Municipal Standards and the Committee on Uniform Street Sanitation Records, which are both direct derivatives of Clarence Ridley’s original work in making sense of performance measurement under the title Means of Measuring Municipal Government, his 1927 dissertation at Syracuse University. Ridley subsequently led the International City Managers Association for nearly 30 years. He teamed with A. E. …
Enhancing The Prospect For Deliberative Democracy: The Americaspeaks Model, Maria J. D'Agostino, Richard W. Schwester, Marc Holzer
Enhancing The Prospect For Deliberative Democracy: The Americaspeaks Model, Maria J. D'Agostino, Richard W. Schwester, Marc Holzer
Publications and Research
Engaging citizens in the deliberative process is essential to overcoming participatory apathy, cynicism toward government, and the apparent disconnect between citizens and decision-makers. AmericaSpeaks developed an electronic town meeting (ETM) designed to reconnect citizens and government. Ideally, the ETM affords citizens a means by which they can impact the policy-making discourse. This paper examines the extent to which AmericaSpeaks’ ETM enhances the prospect for deliberative democracy. Thirty minute structured interviews were conducted with twenty participants from Citizen Summit III, an ETM held in the District of Columbia in November 2003. The interview data suggest that AmericaSpeaks’ ETM, to some measure, …
School Violence, Irvin Sam Schonfeld
School Violence, Irvin Sam Schonfeld
Publications and Research
The purpose of this chapter is threefold. First, the chapter summarizes what is known about the prevalence of violence and weapons in U.S. schools. Second, the chapter examines theories that bear on school violence and the empirical evidence linked to those theories. Third, the chapter looks at attempts to prevent school violence and, consequently, the suffering school violence causes.
Constructing Whiteness In Health Disparities Research, Jessie Daniels, Amy J. Schulz
Constructing Whiteness In Health Disparities Research, Jessie Daniels, Amy J. Schulz
Publications and Research
There is a long tradition within the United States of constructing whiteness (the racial subject) against racialized others (the racial object) and in the process displacing the focus of critical analysis. Here we turn our lens to the often invisible--or at least underinterrogated--concept of whiteness within the context of the literature on racial disparities in health. Specifically, we examine how whiteness is constructed in the active literature documenting and interpreting racial disparities in health and the implications of these constructions for efforts to eradicate inequalities in health. We draw on the concepts of racial formation and "racial projects" that emphasize …
Perspectives On Reproduction And Life History In Baboons, Larissa Swedell, Steven R. Leigh
Perspectives On Reproduction And Life History In Baboons, Larissa Swedell, Steven R. Leigh
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Journal Use By Graduate Students As Indicated By Masters’ Theses Bibliographies At An Urban Commuter College, 1991-2004., Ellen A. Sexton
Journal Use By Graduate Students As Indicated By Masters’ Theses Bibliographies At An Urban Commuter College, 1991-2004., Ellen A. Sexton
Publications and Research
Citation analyses were carried out on master’s thesis in three disciplines, forensic psychology, forensic science and criminal justice, completed and deposited in John Jay library from 1991 to 2004. The aim was to determine the effect of availability of electronic journals on students’ choice of references. The number of journal citations and the ratio of journal articles to all citations was assessed. Criminal justice theses listed more citations that either science of psychology theses, but relatively fewer journal articles. An increase over time was seen in the number of journal articles cited and in the ratio of journal articles to …
Gambling For Certainty: Luck, Chance, And Uncertainty In Politics, Mindy Peden, Nicole M. Elias
Gambling For Certainty: Luck, Chance, And Uncertainty In Politics, Mindy Peden, Nicole M. Elias
Publications and Research
How much of what we do is the result of our will, and how much the result of chance or luck or fortune? This is a decidedly un-decidable question, but one that needs to be asked. The general assumption seems to be that a person's "lot" in life is physically, morally, politically, even romantically linked to choice. But the use of the term "lot" betrays the underlying uncertainty of what "causes" our "lot", laying bare questions of responsibility, burden, and even explanation. Much (perhaps at the very least 50% according to Machiavelli) of what happens in our lives can be …
History Of Caribbean Whaling Is Being Written In Arkansas, Aldemaro Romero Jr.
History Of Caribbean Whaling Is Being Written In Arkansas, Aldemaro Romero Jr.
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
“Peace Is More Than The End Of Bombing”: The Second Stage Of The Vieques Struggle, Sherrie Baver
“Peace Is More Than The End Of Bombing”: The Second Stage Of The Vieques Struggle, Sherrie Baver
Publications and Research
The nature of colonialism in Puerto Rico has caused most political issues to be viewed within the framework of status politics. In the first stage of the struggle to expel the U.S. Navy from the island (1999–2003), civil society in Puerto Rico united when the issues were reframed with links not to status politics but to human rights and social justice. Viequenses symbolized for Puerto Ricans in Puerto Rico, on the mainland, and in the world at large the costs of military colonialism. In the second stage of the struggle, since the military’s departure, Viequenses have struggled to control the …
Prisoner Reentry: National And Local Perspective On A New Dialogue. Keynote Address At The Maryland Reentry Symposium On October 24, 2005 In Annapolis, Md., Jeremy Travis
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Out Of The Blue: Re-Evaluating Electra-Glide In Blue, William Blick
Out Of The Blue: Re-Evaluating Electra-Glide In Blue, William Blick
Publications and Research
The 1970s was a time of moral ambiguity for the cinema. The cult- favorite, Electra Glide in Blue demonstrates the polarization of ideologies in America at the time. In this film, there are several conflicting views of the Vietnam War, "Hippies", drugs, conservatism, communes, and the mistrust of authority that made up a zeitgeist of the time. This short article defines the film as a examination of the ambiguity of the 1970s.
Lost And Found: The Imagined Geographies Of American Studies, Cindi Katz
Lost And Found: The Imagined Geographies Of American Studies, Cindi Katz
Publications and Research
In the days after September 11th, 2001, and continuing until now, the national guard and other military personnel fanned out around New York City. Automatic rifles slung over their camouflaged shoulders, they "guarded" New York City's transportation stations, vital corners and thoroughfares, marquee buildings, and each and every bridge and tunnel entrance. Their comportment was usually cordial and rarely vigilant. Exuding the antithesis of an urban sensibility, they complemented the beefy boredom of the police who usually stood nearby, with an almost surreal sense of incredulity; not just "Why am I here?" but a sort of bafflement that anyone would …
Cross-Disciplinary Prospecting: Educational Technology Offers Up Gold For Library And Information Science Curricula, Michael J. Miller
Cross-Disciplinary Prospecting: Educational Technology Offers Up Gold For Library And Information Science Curricula, Michael J. Miller
Publications and Research
This article provides an overview of the current trends in information and communication technology affecting library services and recommends how, because of these trends, library and information science (LIS) curricula should turn an inquisitive, interdisciplinary eye toward the field of educational technology. Gaps in current LIS professional training and practice are cited, curriculum standards in LIS and educational technology programs are described and compared, and examples are presented to demonstrate how educational technology pedagogy and practice help to successfully augment library skills, service, and practice.
Not In Our Name: Reclaiming The Democratic Vision Of Small School Reform, Michelle Fine
Not In Our Name: Reclaiming The Democratic Vision Of Small School Reform, Michelle Fine
Publications and Research
Maybe we weren’t clear. The small schools movement was never simply about size. When committed educators and community activists in New York City, Philadelphia, Chicago, Oakland, Boston, and Cincinnati launched the movement, they were desperately seeking alternatives to the failures of big city high schools. They fashioned a vibrant, gutsy social movement for creating democratic, warm, and intellectually provocative schools, particularly for poor and working-class youth of color.
Review Of The Book Historical Dictionary Of Turkmenistan, John A. Drobnicki
Review Of The Book Historical Dictionary Of Turkmenistan, John A. Drobnicki
Publications and Research
Review of the book Historical dictionary of Turkmenistan.
The Dilemma Of Access: Describing Open Access Journals With Marc And [Other] Metadata Schemes, Monica Berger, Gloria Rohmann
The Dilemma Of Access: Describing Open Access Journals With Marc And [Other] Metadata Schemes, Monica Berger, Gloria Rohmann
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Daily Rhythm Of Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity, Deirdre A. Conroy, Arthur J. Spielman, Rebecca Q. Scott
Daily Rhythm Of Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity, Deirdre A. Conroy, Arthur J. Spielman, Rebecca Q. Scott
Publications and Research
Background: CBFV (cerebral blood flow velocity) is lower in the morning than in the afternoon and evening. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the time of day changes in CBFV: 1) CBFV changes are due to sleep-associated processes or 2) time of day changes in CBFV are due to an endogenous circadian rhythm independent of sleep. The aim of this study was to examine CBFV over 30 hours of sustained wakefulness to determine whether CBFV exhibits fluctuations associated with time of day.
Methods: Eleven subjects underwent a modified constant routine protocol. CBFV from the middle cerebral artery was monitored …
Review Of The Book Dictionary Of Literary Biography, Vol. 299: Holocaust Novelists, John A. Drobnicki
Review Of The Book Dictionary Of Literary Biography, Vol. 299: Holocaust Novelists, John A. Drobnicki
Publications and Research
Review of the book Dictionary of literary biography, Vol. 299: Holocaust novelists.
Degrassi.Ca: Building A Fan Community Online, Mark Aaron Polger
Degrassi.Ca: Building A Fan Community Online, Mark Aaron Polger
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
From Center To Margin: A Feminist Journey In The Roman Catholic Church, Susan A. Farrell
From Center To Margin: A Feminist Journey In The Roman Catholic Church, Susan A. Farrell
Publications and Research
Using a socio-religious approach to autobiography, a sociologist traces her development within the Roman catholic Church and her journey from the center of that religious faith to the margins. As a Feminist sociologist critiquing the institution and its practices which exclude women from ordination, Women-Church, an umbrella organization of feminist groups within the Roman catholic tradition, is used as an example of what a more inclusive religious organization could look like.
Implementing A New Data Model For Simulating Process, Jochen Albrecht, Femke Reitsma
Implementing A New Data Model For Simulating Process, Jochen Albrecht, Femke Reitsma
Publications and Research
The paper describes the development of a new methodological approach for simulating geographic processes through the development of a data model that represents a process. This methodology complements existing approaches to dynamic modelling, which focus on the states of the system at each time step, by storing and representing the processes that are implicit in the model. The data model, called nen, focuses existing modelling approaches on representing and storing process information, which provides advantages for querying and analysing processes. The flux simulation framework was created utilizing the nen data model to represent processes. This simulator includes basic classes for …
Rehabilitating The Importance Of The Non-Cognitive: An Interview With MichèLe Lamont, Despina Lalaki
Rehabilitating The Importance Of The Non-Cognitive: An Interview With MichèLe Lamont, Despina Lalaki
Publications and Research
In spring of 2006, Michèle Lamont, Professor of Sociology and African and African-American Studies at Harvard University, was invited to give a lecture for the New Sociological Imagination Lecture Series, organized by the New School for Social Research. This lecture concerned her book Cream Rising: How Peer Review Finds and Defines Excellence in the Social Sciences and the Humanities, which is to be published by Harvard University Press in 2008. Drawing on 81 interviews with panelists serving on five multidisciplinary fellowship competitions in the social sciences and the humanities, the book analyzes (1) the meaning panelists give to academic excellence—including …
Am I An Albanian American, Katherine Gregory
Am I An Albanian American, Katherine Gregory
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Zines Straight From The Stacks: Self-Published Tracts From Library Workers, Alycia Sellie
Zines Straight From The Stacks: Self-Published Tracts From Library Workers, Alycia Sellie
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Masochism: A Queer Subjectivity?, Amber Musser
Masochism: A Queer Subjectivity?, Amber Musser
Publications and Research
Judith Butler's Gender Trouble elaborates what may be called a queer subjectivity. Characterized by non-essential, performative identity, her theory has been criticized because, according to its critics, it does not give the subject political agency. Liberal theorists, such as Seyla Benhabib, have been particularly concerned with the political effects of this form of subjectivity on already marginalized social groups while other theorists, such as Susan Stryker and Ed Cohen, have articulated concern that the theory does not sufficiently account for embodiment, affect, and identity. This essay brings Deleuze's theory of masochism in dialogue with Butler's theories of subjectivity in an …
Performance Measurement And Performance Budgeting In The United States In The 1950s And 1960s, Dan Williams
Performance Measurement And Performance Budgeting In The United States In The 1950s And 1960s, Dan Williams
Publications and Research
The period of the 1950s and 1960s reflects the rise of performance budgeting. It also reflects the rise of the post-war generation of academic social scientists, which is roughly the second generation of statistical social scientists within the United States. This is the period of expanding program evaluation and the rise of policy analysis. While policy analysis is fairly distinct, program evaluation is largely the same thing as performance measurement, but as practiced by social scientists with a different skill set than public administrators. This paper examines the continued evolution of performance measurement practices and other closely related practices including …
Review Of The Book Historical Dictionary Of Kyrgyzstan, John A. Drobnicki
Review Of The Book Historical Dictionary Of Kyrgyzstan, John A. Drobnicki
Publications and Research
Review of the book Historical Dictionary of Kyrgyzstan.
Rewriting The Holocaust Online: A Discourse Analysis Of Holocaust Denial Web Sites, Mark Aaron Polger
Rewriting The Holocaust Online: A Discourse Analysis Of Holocaust Denial Web Sites, Mark Aaron Polger
Publications and Research
This study is undertaken to learn how Holocaust deniers use Internet websites to attain legitimacy and credibility. I attempt to show that this sort of “historical revision” is actually blanketed anti-Semitism. I examine Holocaust denial as it is viewed by different disciplines. I investigate the main figures of Holocaust denial. As well, I analyze Jewish race theories of the past two hundred years to demonstrate how Jews have been perceived as aliens and as outsiders. The construction of the “Jew as outsider” sets the stage for how Holocaust deniers frame their discourse on their web pages. My research investigates a …
Approaches To Teaching Through Digital Reference, Lisa A. Ellis
Approaches To Teaching Through Digital Reference, Lisa A. Ellis
Publications and Research
As “teaching libraries,” many academic libraries are committed to teaching not only in classrooms but also at the reference desk. As reference has expanded to include digital modes of e-mail and chat, reference librarians are prompted to consider approaches to teaching in these new reference venues in ways that are meaningful to the user. A promising approach to teaching through digital reference is the application of the ACRL Information Literacy Competency Standards. This paper presents some challenges and benefits of teaching via digital reference. Practical methods for promoting self-directed learning by examining online instruction, and suggestions for effectively advancing a …
Review Of The Book Historical Dictionary Of Poland, 2nd Ed., John A. Drobnicki
Review Of The Book Historical Dictionary Of Poland, 2nd Ed., John A. Drobnicki
Publications and Research
Review of the book Historical dictionary of Poland, 2nd ed.