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Theses and Dissertations

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Psychophysiological Impacts Associated With Social Media Use, Lindsey Hieber Aug 2023

Psychophysiological Impacts Associated With Social Media Use, Lindsey Hieber

Theses and Dissertations

Social media has become increasingly relevant to everyday life since its inception, with new social media applications being created regularly. There has been some research regarding social media use and mental health; with studies finding both negative and positive mental health effects possible. TikTok, one of the newest and fastest growing social media applications has not been studied thoroughly to investigate potential mental health effects. The psychophysiological impacts of social media use have not been explored at all. An initial survey was done to investigate personality and mental health effects of social media use as well as if the reasonings …

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Behavioral And Eye-Movement Correlates Of Item-Specific And Relational Memory In Autism, Greta Nicole Minor Aug 2023

Behavioral And Eye-Movement Correlates Of Item-Specific And Relational Memory In Autism, Greta Nicole Minor

Theses and Dissertations

Recent work has challenged past findings that documented relational memory impairments in autism. Previous studies have often relied solely on explicit behavioral responses to assess relational memory integrity, but successful performance on behavioral tasks may rely on other cognitive abilities (e.g., executive functioning) that are impaired in some autistic individuals. Eye-tracking tasks do not require explicit behavioral responses, and, further, eye movements provide an indirect measure of memory. The current study examined whether memory-specific viewing patterns toward scenes differ between autistic and non-autistic individuals. Using a long-term memory paradigm that equated for complexity between item and relational memory tasks, participants …

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Latino Career Choice And Prestige: Examining Prestige, Cultural Values And Family Influence In Predicting Career Choice, Edwin Ramos Aug 2023

Latino Career Choice And Prestige: Examining Prestige, Cultural Values And Family Influence In Predicting Career Choice, Edwin Ramos

Theses and Dissertations

Career choice continues to be a principal area for career development research, as finding ways to determine what contributes to career choices, and how those choices impact individuals’ micro and macro systems, informs best practices in vocational psychology. The field of vocational psychology can benefit from exploring myriad variables that may have an impact on career choice, career congruency, and persistence in the world of work; and highlighting the unique experiences and needs of diverse populations can produce new insight about different groups and people that the field should endeavor to improve. To this end, this study sought to uniquely …

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“Being Straight In The Army Is Pretty Easy, Being Gay Is Not”: The Communicative Resilience Of Lesbian And Gay Military Service Members, Dathan Nathaniel Simpson Ii Aug 2023

“Being Straight In The Army Is Pretty Easy, Being Gay Is Not”: The Communicative Resilience Of Lesbian And Gay Military Service Members, Dathan Nathaniel Simpson Ii

Theses and Dissertations

The U.S. Military has 1.9 million individuals serving across five branches, and official policy permits anyone to serve regardless of sexuality (Council on Foreign Relations, 2020). Despite the repeal of Don’t Ask Don’t Tell (DADT), the culture of the U.S. military remains unfriendly to Lesbian and Gay service members (McNamara et al., 2021b), which influences service members’ decisions to disclose sexuality or be “out” in the military (Evans et al., 2019; McNamara et al., 2021a). Lesbian and Gay service members are situated in a heteronormative and masculine culture in the U.S. military and as a result experience disruptions that may …

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Pinpointing The Cognitive Structure Of The Cpt-3: A Case For Distribution Appropriate Statistical Methods, Chandler J. Zolliecoffer Aug 2023

Pinpointing The Cognitive Structure Of The Cpt-3: A Case For Distribution Appropriate Statistical Methods, Chandler J. Zolliecoffer

Theses and Dissertations

The present study used the CPT-3 as a model to illustrate the complementary use of distribution-appropriate statistical methods to analyze non-normally distributed empirical datasets. Study results reaffirmed that while group-level analysis (e.g., via traditional parametric group-level analysis or distribution-appropriate group-level analysis procedures) offers insights into performance of the group in aggregate, it is oftentimes inappropriate to presume that patterns reflected by the group are, necessarily, applicable to a smaller subset of respondents. Thus, understanding how subgroups within the population navigate and approach a given task can have direct implications for more personalized/individualized assessment and treatment, especially in clinical and research …

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Using Music To Modify Step-Rate And Running Biomechanics In Healthy Runners, Erin Marie Lally Aug 2023

Using Music To Modify Step-Rate And Running Biomechanics In Healthy Runners, Erin Marie Lally

Theses and Dissertations

Context: Running-related injury (RRI) is a significant public health issue that may be caused by injurious running biomechanics. Increasing step-rate (SR) using gait retraining may prevent and treat RRI. The Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning (OPTIMAL) theory indicates enhanced expectancies, autonomy, and external focus of attention will optimize motor learning. Music has been shown to create enhanced expectancies, can provide incidental choices (autonomy), directs attention externally, and may increase compliance. No studies have investigated if music can be used to alter SR and running biomechanics or strategies that may improve compliance to gait retraining. Objective: The …

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Exploring Levels Of Autism Symptom Support After Eligibility Determinations, Zachary Bella Aug 2023

Exploring Levels Of Autism Symptom Support After Eligibility Determinations, Zachary Bella

Theses and Dissertations

The identification of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) occurs in educational and health settings. Many children with autism will only receive a classification of autism in the educational setting (Esler et al., 2022, Pettygrove et al., 2013, Wiggins et al., 2020). There is significant overlap between the early intervention offered to children with autism in health settings and what is provided through Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) (National Autism Center, 2009; Morset et al., 2010). However, there is an increasing trend of children with autism being classified with significant developmental delay (SDD) instead of autism initially in schools and the impact of …

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Information Needs Of Korean Immigrants In The United States: Selection And Use Of Social Media, Tae Hee Lee Aug 2023

Information Needs Of Korean Immigrants In The United States: Selection And Use Of Social Media, Tae Hee Lee

Theses and Dissertations

This mixed-method study investigates the information needs of Korean immigrants on social media and their selection and use of social media for finding information in the United States. The study was designed to answer six research questions: 1) What are the top types of information needs on social media that Korean immigrants fulfill during their everyday lives in the United States?; 2) What types of social media do Korean immigrants most frequently use during their everyday lives in the United States for different types of information needs?; 3) Are there any relationships between the types of social media Korean immigrants …

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The Role Of Childhood Trauma History In Relation To Decent Work, Matthew Reiland Aug 2023

The Role Of Childhood Trauma History In Relation To Decent Work, Matthew Reiland

Theses and Dissertations

This study used structural equation modeling to examine the impact of childhood trauma on decent work. Childhood trauma was added as an exogenous variable in the Psychology of Working Theory (PWT) model and hypothesized to have direct and indirect effects on decent work. An online sample of 643 working adults completed PWT measures and a measure on childhood trauma. Additionally, participants completed a single Likert-type item measure assessing negative impact of COVID-19 on work so that model invariance could examined among two high and low impact groups. Group invariance was satisfied at the configural, metric, and scalar levels, and the …

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Screening Bodies: Post-Dictatorship Chilean Cinema, Elaine Joy (Ej) Basa Aug 2023

Screening Bodies: Post-Dictatorship Chilean Cinema, Elaine Joy (Ej) Basa

Theses and Dissertations

Censorship was the modus operandi during Augusto Pinochet’s dictatorship. People and media alike suffered as the oppressive Chilean government suppressed many truths about the Coup, the torture and disappearance of victims and their families, and facts about the state violence that took place from 1973 to the late 1980s. The resulting trauma nurtured a culture of silence, a divided social fabric, and many gaps in historical knowledge. Those who absorbed the media experienced a lack of connection and identification with fabricated and falsified histories, thereby essentially cut off from truly engaging with the traumas of Chile’s dark history. The struggle …

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“Having One Child Is Selfish?”: An Analysis Of Only-Child Discourse On Facebook, Katy Gabryelczyk Aug 2023

“Having One Child Is Selfish?”: An Analysis Of Only-Child Discourse On Facebook, Katy Gabryelczyk

Theses and Dissertations

Families come in a variety of sizes, but family communication research typically represents or at least assumes families with multiple children. Although communication scholarship includes family forms beyond the traditional nuclear family (i.e., husband and wife with multiple biological children), including families who are voluntarily or involuntarily child-free, it has not included families with “just” one child. This thesis highlights the absence of communication research surrounding one-child families (OCFs). Using an interpretive, specifically discourse-dependent, lens I conducted a thematic analysis of Facebook comments in response to articles about OCFs shared by Scary Mommy. Given the absence of communication research on …

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Impact Of Childhood Maltreatment And Endocannabinoid Function On Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Traumatically-Injured Adults, Elizabeth Parisi Aug 2023

Impact Of Childhood Maltreatment And Endocannabinoid Function On Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Traumatically-Injured Adults, Elizabeth Parisi

Theses and Dissertations

The ECSS plays a crucial role in regulation of the stress response, is modulated by exposure to acute and chronic stressors, and shows potential as a biomarker for PTSD. Changes in ECSS function are apparent in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment. Further, childhood maltreatment is a well-established pre-trauma risk factor for development of PTSD following a traumatic event in adulthood. No study to date has examined the contribution of ECSS function to the relationship between childhood maltreatment and PTSD following a subsequent trauma in adulthood. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to threat and …

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Working In The Us For Recent Highly Educated Asian Immigrants And How Social Class Shift Impacted Their Experiences, Yixing Song Aug 2023

Working In The Us For Recent Highly Educated Asian Immigrants And How Social Class Shift Impacted Their Experiences, Yixing Song

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation utilized the Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) method to understand the work experiences of recently arrived, highly educated Asian immigrants, specifically from Chinese and Taiwanese backgrounds, in the United States. Grounded in the Psychology of Working Theory, the study places a particular emphasis on the role of social class in shaping how immigrants conceptualize decent work and meaningful work as well as how they adapt in order to achieve their desired work experience after immigration. Through CQR analysis, nine distinct domains emerged, shedding light on the multifaceted nature of their professional journeys and the challenges and opportunities Asian immigrants …

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Rhetoric-Remembrance-Race-Region: Contemporary Stories Of Abolition And The Making Of Race In The Upper Midwest, Kristin Wagel Aug 2023

Rhetoric-Remembrance-Race-Region: Contemporary Stories Of Abolition And The Making Of Race In The Upper Midwest, Kristin Wagel

Theses and Dissertations

The project examines how contemporary stories of abolition are inventive resources for articulating race in the upper Midwest. Focusing online fragments representative of abolition stories, these analyses illustrate the entanglement of rhetoric, remembrance, race, and region in a space distanced from race in the public imaginary. Through three case studies, I utilize the hermeneutic of public memory to advance a rhetorical reading of these narratives that construct the region through rhetorics of whiteness. In the first case study, rhetorics of purity are deployed in remembrances of Joshua Glover in Milwaukee, Wisconsin to absolve the state and its white residents from …

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The Biological Bases Of Political Attachment: Neurobiological Correlates Of Ideology And Partisanship, Carisa Bergner Aug 2023

The Biological Bases Of Political Attachment: Neurobiological Correlates Of Ideology And Partisanship, Carisa Bergner

Theses and Dissertations

To fully understand the foundations of political attachments in an increasingly polarized environment, political scientists must reconcile traditional theories of political attitudes and behavior with insight gained from neurobiological approaches. The purpose of this research is to investigate the neurobiological correlates of strength of political ideology and partisanship, as well as the neurobiological correlates of ideological and partisan orientation. To do so, both structural and functional neuroimaging analyses were conducted on a diverse sample of patients at a Level 1 Trauma Center. Results indicate that strong ideological attachment is significantly associated with decreased volume in the left insula, though partisan …

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Latino Men’S Barriers And Obstacles Towards Treatment Seeking Attitudes, Rebecca Gonzalez Aug 2023

Latino Men’S Barriers And Obstacles Towards Treatment Seeking Attitudes, Rebecca Gonzalez

Theses and Dissertations

There is a drastic difference in the number of Latino men utilizing mental healthcare as only 24 percent of Latino men with a severe mental illness ever receive treatment. Previous research has revealed stigma and attitudes are important factors in the help seeking process, but with limited Latino participants. The current study gathered survey data from Latino male university students about their levels of stigma, attitudes towards both tele – health and in person counseling, perceived barriers and benefits, treatment history, and current levels of depression. It was revealed that in contrast to previous studies, Latino men’s social stigma is …

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Understanding The Distribution And Abundance Of Asclepias Prostrata In South Texas, Elizabeth Ann Gonzalez Aug 2023

Understanding The Distribution And Abundance Of Asclepias Prostrata In South Texas, Elizabeth Ann Gonzalez

Theses and Dissertations

Asclepias prostrata, commonly referred to as prostrate milkweed, is a rare South Texas native plant species. In February of 2023, A. prostrata was listed as a federally endangered species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Due to the limited available observations and literature for A. prostrata, this study was completed to bring new information that could be utilized for future restorative efforts. This study includes multiple field observations of the plant’s morphology, plant-insect interactions, extraction and transplanting of the species, and a seed viability study. Results indicate that although A. prostrata has many pressures that limit its …

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Two Essays On Credit Risk Correlation, Theophilus Teye Osah Aug 2023

Two Essays On Credit Risk Correlation, Theophilus Teye Osah

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation comprises two essays on credit risk correlation. In the first essay, we provide robust empirical evidence that lenders charge higher loan spreads to borrowers with higher credit risk correlation. This effect is concentrated in investment grade firms, driven by tightening lending conditions, and more pronounced for firms with higher rollover risk. Furthermore, banks whose borrowers have higher average credit risk correlation, have greater default risk themselves. In the second paper, we find that a trading strategy that buys high- and sells low-credit risk correlation stocks generates significant risk-adjusted expected return of about 121 bps per annum. Cross-sectional regressions …

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¿Dónde Vamos?: Exploring Neoliberal Gentrification Within An Oak Cliff Barrio, Luis E. Macias Barrientos Aug 2023

¿Dónde Vamos?: Exploring Neoliberal Gentrification Within An Oak Cliff Barrio, Luis E. Macias Barrientos

Theses and Dissertations

Barrio working-class Latinx populations have been historically ignored and prevented from creating sustainable roots within their own communities due to the confluence of settler colonialism, neoliberalism, and gentrification. I argue the neoliberal city creates an unsustainable predicament that seeks to marginalize working-class individuals from inner-city life, thus systematically precluding future generations of working-class Latinxs from upward mobility. Little attention has been paid to Texas cities resulting from neoliberal policies perpetuating settler colonialism and gentrification. This thesis draws from theories of neoliberalism and the neoliberal city to explore the effects of gentrification on barrio Latinx geographies. To explore the relationship between …

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A Paleoethnobotanical Comparison Of Mortuary And Village Langford Tradition Sites In Northern Illinois, Tania Lee Milosavljevic Aug 2023

A Paleoethnobotanical Comparison Of Mortuary And Village Langford Tradition Sites In Northern Illinois, Tania Lee Milosavljevic

Theses and Dissertations

Archaeologists working in northern Illinois have conducted research on Langford Tradition (ca AD 1100-1450) sites for more than a century. The last 40 years have seen increasing methodological sophistication providing for a relatively nuanced understanding of food technology and resource use. Paleoethnobotany has provided one way to observe the diversity of plant use among Langford site occupants. Using standard paleoethnobotanical practices, plant macroremain from the Robinson Reserve Site (11CK2) are analyzed. The results of the plant macroremain analysis are then compared to existing floral data from the Washington Irving Site (11K52). This research investigates whether site functionality is distinguishable between …

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Essays On Inequality And Paid Family Leave, Jayati Chakraborty Aug 2023

Essays On Inequality And Paid Family Leave, Jayati Chakraborty

Theses and Dissertations

In my dissertation, I have dedicated two chapters to the field of labor economics, specifically exploring the subject of gender-based inequality in the Indian labor market and the differential impact of paid family leave policies based on socio-economic status within the labor market of the United States. The first chapter analyzes the gender-based wage gap in India by utilizing data from the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) for two-time frames (2004-05 and 2011-12) when labor force participation was stagnant. Employing the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition technique, the study reveals a noteworthy decline in the gender-based log wage gap (from 0.64 to 0.48) …

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Beyond Borders: Representations Of Refugees And Place In Clarkston, Georgia, Sarah Ryniker Aug 2023

Beyond Borders: Representations Of Refugees And Place In Clarkston, Georgia, Sarah Ryniker

Theses and Dissertations

In the last thirty years, socio-political shifts within the city of Clarkston, Georgia, have led to an evolution in representations of the city and of its many refugee and immigrant populations. This dissertation examines the site-specific effects of the evolving policies and practices of refugee resettlement and integration within the city of Clarkston and the emerging immigrant gateway of the South. While the city itself has transformed, so have its representations of refugees, challenging imaginative geographies and complicating the mainstream dichotomic racial imaginative geographies and socio-political representation of the U.S. South. Using qualitative methods, I analyze materials from four years …

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The Association Between Aerobic Fitness And Network Connectivity In The Default Mode Network In Healthy Adolescents And Young Adults, Kaitlynne Leclaire Aug 2023

The Association Between Aerobic Fitness And Network Connectivity In The Default Mode Network In Healthy Adolescents And Young Adults, Kaitlynne Leclaire

Theses and Dissertations

The beneficial effects of aerobic fitness on psychiatric and cognitive function in older adults have been well demonstrated in existing literature. However, less remains known about the relationship between aerobic fitness and neurocognitive health in emerging adults, who are less likely to suffer from underlying metabolic conditions. Further, few have examined potential sex differences. The transition from adolescence to young adulthood is associated with a reduction in physical activity and accumulating evidence suggests that poor aerobic fitness negatively impacts neurocognition. Therefore, it is crucial to better understand the relationship between aerobic fitness and neurocognitive health during adolescence and young adulthood …

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The Context And The Commissioner: The Effect Of Milwaukee’S Health Commissioners’ Social, Cultural, And Historical Understanding Of Milwaukee’S People During The Last Five Pandemics, Madeline O'Dea Fruehe Aug 2023

The Context And The Commissioner: The Effect Of Milwaukee’S Health Commissioners’ Social, Cultural, And Historical Understanding Of Milwaukee’S People During The Last Five Pandemics, Madeline O'Dea Fruehe

Theses and Dissertations

Resistance to pandemic response policies was observed globally throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This resistance has been linked by researchers to the prolonged duration and higher mortality rate of COVID-19 compared to previous pandemics, despite advancements in modern medicine, extensive surveillance networks and record vaccine production. However, the strategies implemented by public health officials during the COVID-19 pandemic closely mirrored those successful in mitigating past pandemics. To elucidate this disparity, a historical analysis encompassing the 1918, 1957, 1968, 2009, and Covid-19 pandemics was conducted within the city of Milwaukee. By examining archival documents and over 800 newspaper articles, this research found …

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The Browning Of A White Passing, Mixed-Race Latina: A Critical Autoethnographic Exploration Of The Mixed-Race Experience In Rural Wisconsin, Marissa D. Medina Aug 2023

The Browning Of A White Passing, Mixed-Race Latina: A Critical Autoethnographic Exploration Of The Mixed-Race Experience In Rural Wisconsin, Marissa D. Medina

Theses and Dissertations

With an estimated 4.5 million U.S. citizen children live in families in which one or both parents are undocumented (Pew Hispanic Research Center, 2013, as cited in Gulbas & Zayas 2017), and with apprehensions (arrests) and deportations tripling within five years from 2002 to 2007 (Passel et al., 2020), there is an entire generation of people like myself whose parent(s) have been detained and deported. I use my story of witnessing my dad’s detention and deportation as a central narrative of how I perform my mixed-race identity. To further explore this phenomenon, I used my own experience through critical autoethnographic …

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Developing A Tool To Analyze Communication Access In Restaurants For Individuals Who Use Augmentative And Alternative Communication, Kylie Elizabeth Robinson Aug 2023

Developing A Tool To Analyze Communication Access In Restaurants For Individuals Who Use Augmentative And Alternative Communication, Kylie Elizabeth Robinson

Theses and Dissertations

Communication accessibility has been defined by many scholars and organizations, but it is generally described as clear communication that everyone can access and understand. The objective of this research thesis is to create a tool for assessing communication accessibility for people who use augmentative and alternative communication (PWUAAC) within a variety of restaurant settings. Through a two-part study, researchers interviewed 5 adults who use AAC (Study A) and created a survey rated by an additional 10 adults who use AAC (i.e., Study B). The interviews from Study A were qualitatively coded and revealed common communication accessibility themes that restaurants and …

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Is That A Rhetorical Question?: A Pragmatic Analysis, Jacklyn Ryan Aug 2023

Is That A Rhetorical Question?: A Pragmatic Analysis, Jacklyn Ryan

Theses and Dissertations

There has been much work on the syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of questions.While the argument herein is that rhetorical questions do not function like typical information-seeking questions, it remains the case that they are, if nothing else, syntactically interrogative. This fact is explored by examining different types of rhetorical questions through various lenses, including question semantics, Gricean pragmatics, and Speech Act Theory. A pragmatic framework is proposed to explain the effects that rhetorical questions have on the conversational scoreboard. Their illocutionary force is also considered, as it, along with contextual factors, can affect how rhetorical questions are interpreted. This paper …

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“For What We Do Today Becomes The History Of Tomorrow”: A History Of The Bay View Historical Society, 1979-2015, Bradley Wiles Aug 2023

“For What We Do Today Becomes The History Of Tomorrow”: A History Of The Bay View Historical Society, 1979-2015, Bradley Wiles

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents a history of the Bay View Historical Society (BVHS), a non-profit cultural heritage institution located in the Bay View neighborhood of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Since its creation in 1979, the BVHS has assumed numerous roles related to preservation, documentation, education, information provision, social interaction, and public appreciation around the neighborhood’s history. This study’s overarching purpose is to examine how a modern local historical society assumes and approaches its role within the community it seeks to document, preserve, celebrate, and enrich. The central contention is that such institutions are given life when a range of conditions are conducive for …

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Establishing Validity And Preliminary Clinical Utility Of A Behavioral Economic Measure Of Social Risk Discounting For Health Behaviors, Connor A. Burrows Jul 2023

Establishing Validity And Preliminary Clinical Utility Of A Behavioral Economic Measure Of Social Risk Discounting For Health Behaviors, Connor A. Burrows

Theses and Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic has been the most profound public health emergency of the past several decades and the United States has faced numerous challenges with the timely adoption of mitigating health behaviors. Sustained ambivalence surrounding perceptions of public health recommendations of social distancing, mask wearing, and timely vaccination remain a barrier to slowing the spread of the virus years after its initial onset. Behavior analysis and behavioral economics offer compelling theoretical and quantitative models for framing the relationship between behaviors that are aversive in the short term but beneficial for individual and public good in the long term. The present …

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Analyzing The Continuum Of Control And Freedom In Intimate Relationships: A Grounded Theory, Daniel Smedley Jul 2023

Analyzing The Continuum Of Control And Freedom In Intimate Relationships: A Grounded Theory, Daniel Smedley

Theses and Dissertations

Although research identifying and addressing extreme forms of control exists, all relationships experience some amount of control and some amount of the opposite of control, which is freedom. Large gaps in prevalence estimates and varied definitions of control suggest a need to better define the spectrum of control from mild to extreme forms, including looking at non-physically violent forms of coercive control. The purpose of this study was to expand knowledge of control in intimate relationships by examining the continuum of mild and extreme experiences of both control and freedom. Using constructivist grounded theory methods, the two categories of control …

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