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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

1995

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Articles 14131 - 14160 of 14195

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

‘In A Perilous Hour‘: The Public Address Of John F. Kennedy, Steven Goldzwig, George Dionisopoulos Dec 1994

‘In A Perilous Hour‘: The Public Address Of John F. Kennedy, Steven Goldzwig, George Dionisopoulos

Steven Goldzwig

No abstract provided.

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Ethnography Of Speaking, Kristine Fitch, G. Philipsen Dec 1994

Ethnography Of Speaking, Kristine Fitch, G. Philipsen

Kristine Muñoz

No abstract provided.

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Evolution, Ethics, And The Complexity Revolution, David Depew, Bruce Weber Dec 1994

Evolution, Ethics, And The Complexity Revolution, David Depew, Bruce Weber

David J Depew

No abstract provided.

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Social Justice And Political Change: Public Opinion In Capitalist And Post-Communist States, David Mason, James Kluegel, Bernd Wegener Dec 1994

Social Justice And Political Change: Public Opinion In Capitalist And Post-Communist States, David Mason, James Kluegel, Bernd Wegener

David S. Mason

Until recent times, analysis and debate about economic and political justice did not involve research on the views of the common person. Scholars often made assumptions about what common people think is fair, but for the most part they confined their thinking to a single country and argued on rational or moral grounds, with little supporting empirical data. The present volume, involving the collaboration of 30 social scientists in 12 countries, represents the most broad-ranging comparative research to date. The book is the first to grow out of the work of the International Social Justice Project (ISJP), a collaborative study …

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Did Africans Live Longer In The Antebellum United States, Tukufu Zuberi, Carlos Grushka Dec 1994

Did Africans Live Longer In The Antebellum United States, Tukufu Zuberi, Carlos Grushka

Tukufu Zuberi

Excerpt from the text:

Using census data, we call for greater attention to the historical assumptions accepted in past research. Conclusions about the mortality of the enslaved in the United States is in large part a reflection of the historical assumptions made. This article argues that the accepted view of the mortality of enslaved Africans in the United States rests on fragile estimates; these estimates are not robust to flaws in the data.

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Assessing Entrepreneurship: Business Development Concerns And Perceptions Of Risk Inentrepreneurs In The U.S. And Italy, R. Tindale Dec 1994

Assessing Entrepreneurship: Business Development Concerns And Perceptions Of Risk Inentrepreneurs In The U.S. And Italy, R. Tindale

R. Scott Tindale

.

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When Comparisons Arise, Daniel Gilbert, R. Geisler, Kathryn Morris Dec 1994

When Comparisons Arise, Daniel Gilbert, R. Geisler, Kathryn Morris

Kathryn A. Morris

People acquire information about their abilities by comparison, and research suggests that people restrict such comparisons to those whom they consider sources of diagnostic information. We suggest that diagnosticity is often considered only after comparisons are made and that people do not fail to make nondiagnostic comparisons so much as they mentally undo them. In 2 studies, participants made nondiagnostic comparisons even when they knew they should not, and quickly unmade them when they were able. These results suggest that social comparisons may be relatively spontaneous, effortless, and unintentional reactions to the performances of others and that they may occur …

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Le Choix Du Nom D'Enfant En Poitou X1e-X11e Sieèles: L'Importance Des Noms Famillaux, George Beech, E Krawutschke Dec 1994

Le Choix Du Nom D'Enfant En Poitou X1e-X11e Sieèles: L'Importance Des Noms Famillaux, George Beech, E Krawutschke

George T. Beech

No abstract available.

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Communication In Decision-Making Teams, J Urban, C Bowers, Susan Daicoff, B Morgan Dec 1994

Communication In Decision-Making Teams, J Urban, C Bowers, Susan Daicoff, B Morgan

Susan Daicoff

No abstract provided.

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The Road To Mass Democracy: Original Intent And The Seventeenth Amendment, Christopher Hoebeke Dec 1994

The Road To Mass Democracy: Original Intent And The Seventeenth Amendment, Christopher Hoebeke

Christopher H Hoebeke

No abstract provided.

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Labor Adjustment Under Different Institutional Structures: A Case Study Of Germany And The United States, Katharine Abraham, Susan Houseman Dec 1994

Labor Adjustment Under Different Institutional Structures: A Case Study Of Germany And The United States, Katharine Abraham, Susan Houseman

Susan N. Houseman

No abstract provided.

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Feature Checking And English Particles., Joyce Bruhn De Garavito, J. Bonneau,, A. Libert Dec 1994

Feature Checking And English Particles., Joyce Bruhn De Garavito, J. Bonneau,, A. Libert

Joyce Bruhn de Garavito

No abstract provided.

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Department Of East-West Psychology Program Manual, Robin G. Gayle Dec 1994

Department Of East-West Psychology Program Manual, Robin G. Gayle

Robin G. Gayle

No abstract available

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The Marriage Of Tragedy And Comedy In Euripides' Ion, Katerina Zacharia Dec 1994

The Marriage Of Tragedy And Comedy In Euripides' Ion, Katerina Zacharia

Katerina Zacharia

No abstract provided.

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Stirring Trouble And Making Theory, Jill G. Morawski Dec 1994

Stirring Trouble And Making Theory, Jill G. Morawski

Jill G. Morawski

No abstract provided.

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Seizure Threshold In Electroconvulsive Therapy: I. Initial Seizure Threshold, C. Edward Coffey, Joseph Lucke, Richard D. Weiner, Andrew D. Krystal, Michael Aque Dec 1994

Seizure Threshold In Electroconvulsive Therapy: I. Initial Seizure Threshold, C. Edward Coffey, Joseph Lucke, Richard D. Weiner, Andrew D. Krystal, Michael Aque

Richard R Weiner

We measured initial seizure threshold by means of a structured stimulus dosage titration procedure in a clinical sample of 111 depressed patients undergoing brief-pulse, constantcurrent electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Initial seizure threshold was approximately 60 millicoumbs (mc) (10 Joules) on average, but varied widely (6-fold) across patients. Initial seizure threshold was predicted by four variables: electrode placement (higher with bilateral), gender (higher in men), age (higher with increasing age), and dynamic impedance (inverse relationship). Use of neuroleptic medication was associated with a lower seizure threshold. EEG seizure duration was inversely related to initial seizure threshold, but no other relations with seizure …

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About Outing: Public Discourse, Private Lives, Katheleen R. Guzman Dec 1994

About Outing: Public Discourse, Private Lives, Katheleen R. Guzman

Katheleen R. Guzman

No abstract provided.

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Cross-Language Synonyms In The Lexicons Of Bilingual Infants: One Language Or Two?, Barbara Zurer Pearson, Sylvia C. Fernandez, D.Kimbrough Oller Dec 1994

Cross-Language Synonyms In The Lexicons Of Bilingual Infants: One Language Or Two?, Barbara Zurer Pearson, Sylvia C. Fernandez, D.Kimbrough Oller

Barbara Zurer Pearson

This study tests the widely-cited claim from Volterra & Taeschner (1978), which is reinforced by Clark's Principle of Contrast (1987), that young simultaneous bilingual children reject cross-language synonyms in their earliest lexicons. The rejection of translation equivalents is taken by Volterra & Taeschner as support for the idea that the bilingual child possesses a single-language system which includes elements from both languages. We examine first the accuracy of the empirical claim and then its adequacy as support for the argument that bilingual children do not have independent lexical systems in each language. The vocabularies of 27 developing bilinguals were recorded …

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Critical Citizenship And Civil Society In Contemporary China, Alfred L. Chan, Paul W. Nesbitt-Larking Dec 1994

Critical Citizenship And Civil Society In Contemporary China, Alfred L. Chan, Paul W. Nesbitt-Larking

Paul W Nesbitt-Larking

No abstract provided.

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It Pays To Be Green: The Managerial Incentive Structure And Environmentally Sound Strategies, Giulio M. Gallarotti Dec 1994

It Pays To Be Green: The Managerial Incentive Structure And Environmentally Sound Strategies, Giulio M. Gallarotti

Giulio M Gallarotti

The traditional view in management circles about the relationship between the environment and business can best be summed up as pollution pays, pollution prevention doesn't. Notwithstanding the recent proliferation of literature on the benefits of green management, many managers continue to see environmentally sound strategies as detrimental to the principal goals of profitability, maintaining markets, controlling costs and efficient production. Such conclusions about the environmental drag on business are based on mistaken assumptions about the incentives businesses encounter. Stricter government regulation of the environment in developed nations changed the equation. There are also many opportunities for managers to profit from …

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Psychological Factors In The Etiology Of Binge Eating, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore Dec 1994

Psychological Factors In The Etiology Of Binge Eating, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Numerous psychological factors have been hypothesized to play a role in the etiology of binge eating. This chapter proposes that female gender-role socialization puts girls at risk for the development of binge eating. Moreover, it is proposed that an understanding of risk requires an exploration of the developmental tasks of female adolscence. As research of the etiology of binge eating in particular and eating disorders in general begins to move away from testing single-factor causal models and toward testing complex, multifactorial models of causation, research needs to examine the psychological factors discussed in this chapter.

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The Relationship Between Weight And Psychological Functioning Among Adolescent Girls, Michael A. Friedman, Denise E. Wilfley, Kathleen M. Pike, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore, Judith Rodin Dec 1994

The Relationship Between Weight And Psychological Functioning Among Adolescent Girls, Michael A. Friedman, Denise E. Wilfley, Kathleen M. Pike, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore, Judith Rodin

Ruth Striegel Weissman

This study investigated whether Body Mass Index (BMI) was associated with various aspects of psychological functioning in a sample of largely Caucasian adolescent girls. Three hundred sixty-five adolescent girls ranging from ages 14 through 19 were assessed for general psychological functioning utilizing the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and functioning specific to eating, shape and weight utilizing the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI). Excess weight was associated with higher scores on the Bulimia, Body Dissatisfaction and Drive for Thinness subscales of the EDI. Excess weight was not, however, associated with general psychopathology or any of the subscales of the SCL-90-R. The results suggest …

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Restrictiong Taxation: The Impact Of Proposition 13 On California Tax And Expenditure Trends, Robert L. Sexton, Gary M. Galles Dec 1994

Restrictiong Taxation: The Impact Of Proposition 13 On California Tax And Expenditure Trends, Robert L. Sexton, Gary M. Galles

Robert L Sexton

No abstract provided.

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The Odyssey Of The Democratic Right In Post-Franco Spain, Richard M. Skinner Dec 1994

The Odyssey Of The Democratic Right In Post-Franco Spain, Richard M. Skinner

Richard M. Skinner

Unlike their counterparts in most other Western countries, Spanish conservatives have found little success in recent years. Since Spain returned to democracy in 1977, rightist political parties have not won a majority in the Cortes in any election. Instead, the reins of power have been held by, first, the moderate Union de Centro Democratico (UCD), and later by the left-of-center Partido Socialista Obrero Espanol (PSOE). The Right has been hurt by its perceived links to the Franco regime, by its controversial longtime leader, Manuel Fraga Iribarne, and by the PSOE's increasing centrism.

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Union Myopia And The Taxation Of Capital, Dwight Lee, Robert L. Sexton, Philip E. Graves Dec 1994

Union Myopia And The Taxation Of Capital, Dwight Lee, Robert L. Sexton, Philip E. Graves

Robert L Sexton

After an extensive discussion of the nature of the interactions among unions, corporations, and government, we find that government in granting privileges to workers organized into unions implicitly taxes capital formation. The result has been to lessen the attention business decisions pay to the future, to substitute excessive wages for appropriate capital investment, and to reduce the competitive vitality of major U.S. industries.

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Restricting Taxation: The Impact Of Proposition 13 On California Tax And Expenditure Trends, Robert L. Sexton, Gary M. Galles, James E. Long Dec 1994

Restricting Taxation: The Impact Of Proposition 13 On California Tax And Expenditure Trends, Robert L. Sexton, Gary M. Galles, James E. Long

Robert L Sexton

Abstract: This paper examines trends in California taxes and expenditures at the state and local level. In particular, it considers whether Proposition 13, which has been blamed by politicians and the press for virtually every ensuing fiscal problem facing state and local governments in California, deserves such criticism, or whether the roots of those problems lie elsewhere.

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Union Myopia And The Taxation Of Capital, Dwight Lee, Robert L. Sexton, Philip E. Graves Dec 1994

Union Myopia And The Taxation Of Capital, Dwight Lee, Robert L. Sexton, Philip E. Graves

Robert L Sexton

After an extensive discussion of the nature of the interactions among unions, corporations, and government, we find that government in granting privileges to workers organized into unions implicitly taxes capital formation. The result has been to lessen the attention business decisions pay to the future, to substitute excessive wages for appropriate capital investment, and to reduce the competitive vitality of major U.S. industries.

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Children's Searching Behavior On Browsing And Keyword Online Catalogs: The Science Library Catalog Project, Christine L. Borgman, Sandra G. Hirsh, Andrea L. Gallagher, Virginia A. Walter Dec 1994

Children's Searching Behavior On Browsing And Keyword Online Catalogs: The Science Library Catalog Project, Christine L. Borgman, Sandra G. Hirsh, Andrea L. Gallagher, Virginia A. Walter

Christine L. Borgman

As we seek both to improve public school education in high technology areas and to link libraries and classrooms on the “information superhighway,” we need to understand more about children’s information searching abilities. We present results of four experiments conducted on four versions of the Science Library Catalog (SLC), a Dewey decimal-based hierarchical browsing system implemented in HyperCard without a keyboard. The experiments were conducted over a 3-year period at three sites, with four databases, and with comparisons to two different keyword online catalogs. Subjects were ethnically and culturally diverse children aged 9 through 12; with 32 to 34 children …

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Audience Reaction To Commercial Advertising In China In The 1980s, Xinshu Zhao, Fuyuan Shen Dec 1994

Audience Reaction To Commercial Advertising In China In The 1980s, Xinshu Zhao, Fuyuan Shen

Professor Xinshu ZHAO

This article reports findings from two surveys conducted in 1987: the first involved over 25,000 television viewers throughout China and the second interviewed more than 1,100 urban residents of Beijing. The surveys measured audience attitudes and behaviour regarding commercial advertising. This is the first time such information based on probability sampling in China has become available to western readers.

The results replicated one of the findings of an earlier study, which was based on a small-scale convenience sample, that Chinese consumers supported the return of advertising. But the support was less enthusiastic than previously thought; public opinion regarding commercial advertising …

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Feminist Organizing In Serbia, 1990-1994, Donna M. Hughes Dr., Lepa Mladjenovic Dec 1994

Feminist Organizing In Serbia, 1990-1994, Donna M. Hughes Dr., Lepa Mladjenovic

Donna M. Hughes

No abstract provided.

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