Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Turning The Hearts Of Fathers To Their Children: Why Religious Involvement Can Make A Difference, Loren Marks, David C. Dollahite

Faculty Publications

Charles Dickens, the English author and keen observer of human affairs, wrote of revolution-era France: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times." In many ways, Dickens' dichotomy regarding "the best of times" and "the worst of times" captures the state of contemporary American fatherhood. Many fathers are more highly involved with their children than the fathers of past generations. Conversely, many other fathers are disconnected from or uninvolved with their children. For many of the fathers who are highly involved in their children's lives, their religious faith is a motivational influence.

Will Legislation To Encourage Premarital Education Strengthen Marriage And Reduce Divorce?, Alan J. Hawkins

Faculty Publications

Many legislators are wondering whether there is a constructive role that government can play to strengthen marriages and reduce divorces. A handful of states have passed legislation providing incentives for couples to participate in formal premarital education. The purpose of this article is to examine the research that can help answer the question whether legislation to promote premarital education can strengthen marriages and reduce the divorce rate. Of course, there are numerous legal and policy issues related to marriage and divorce being discussed these days. The focus of this article however, is only on one. In the end, I conclude …

"If You Want Me To Treat You Like An Adult, Start Acting Like One!" Comparing The Criteria That Emerging Adults And Their Parents Have For Adulthood, Larry J. Nelson, Laura M. Padilla-Walker, Jason S. Carroll, Stephanie D. Madsen, Carolyn Mcnamara Barry, Sarah Badger

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was (a) to identify the criteria parents of emerging adults consider necessary and important for their children to achieve adulthood, (b) to compare parents' criteria for adulthood with the criteria espoused by emerging adults, and (c) to examine how these criteria might differ on the basis of gender and the parent and gender of the child. Participants included 392 unmarried college students, ages 18–25, and at least 1 of their parents (271 fathers, 391 mothers). Results revealed that (a) as did their children, most parents did not yet view their children as adults, (b) there …

Human Genetics Studies: The Case For Group Rights, Laura S. Underkuffler

Faculty Scholarship

With the importance of genetic information has come bitter battles over its control. In these battles, some principles have emerged that are beyond dispute. The ability of individuals to control the disposition and genetic testing of their own biological materials is (as a matter of theory, at least) beyond question. No one would argue today that an individual could be subject to genetic testing for studies against her will, or that biological samples obtained from individuals under specified conditions could be simply deemed "free" of such conditions by researchers. Although difficult problems remain in the interpretation of research agreements, the …

Mandatory Constitutions, Paul D. Carrington

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Bad Nature, Bad Nurture, And Testimony Regarding Maoa And Slc6a4 Genotyping In Murder Trials, Nita A. Farahany, William Bernet, Cindy L. Vnencak-Jones, Stephen A. Montgomery

Faculty Scholarship

Recent research—in which subjects were studied longitudinally from childhood until adulthood—has started to clarify how a child’s environment and genetic makeup interact to create a violent adolescent or adult. For example, male subjects who were born with a particular allele of the monoamine oxidase A gene and also were maltreated as children had a much greater likelihood of manifesting violent antisocial behavior as adolescents and adults. Also, individuals who were born with particular alleles of the serotonin transporter gene and also experienced multiple stressful life events were more likely to manifest serious depression and suicidality. This research raises the question …

Privacy And Law Enforcement In The European Union: The Data Retention Directive, Francesca Bignami

Faculty Scholarship

This paper examines a recent twist in EU data protection law. In the 1990s, the European Union was still primarily a market-creating organization and data protection in the European Union was aimed at rights abuses by market actors. Since the terrorist attacks of New York, Madrid, and London, however, cooperation on fighting crime has accelerated. Now, the challenge for the European Union is to protect privacy in its emerging system of criminal justice. This paper analyzes the first EU law to address data privacy in crime-fighting—the Data Retention Directive. Based on a detailed examination of the Directive’s legislative history, the …

A Constitutional Conundrum Of Second Amendment Commas: A Short Epistolary Report, William W. Van Alstyne

Faculty Scholarship

Prompted by the court’s decision in Parker v. District of Columbia, this series of correspondence discusses the effect possible forms of punctuation may have on the Second Amendment. The article makes comments on the important grammars during the founding and also two possible writings of the Second Amendment that contain different sets of punctuation.

What Statutes Mean: Interpretive Lessons From Positive Theories Of Communication And Legislation, Cheryl Boudreau, Arthur Lupia, Mathew D. Mccubbins, Daniel B. Rodriguez

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Dual Path Initiative Framework, Elizabeth Garrett, Mathew D. Mccubbins

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Classified Boards And Firm Value, Michael D. Frakes

Faculty Scholarship

Classified boards constitute one of the most potent takeover defenses for U.S. firms today. However, as with takeover defenses more generally, economic theory offers an ambiguous prediction as to the effect that classified boards have on bottom-line firm value. A resolution of this ambiguity will require sound and convincing empirical methodology. In an effort to address limitations in the existing empirical literature, this article approaches the relationship between corporate governance and firm value while taking various measures to account for unobserved sources of heterogeneity across firms. Using the instrumental variables model developed by Hausman and Taylor, I find evidence of …

Graduate Digital Forensics Education At The Air Force Institute Of Technology, Gilbert L. Peterson, Richard A. Raines, Rusty O. Baldwin

Faculty Publications

The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (AFIT/ENG) at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), currently offers a graduate-level introductory course in digital forensics. Students are introduced and exposed to several challenges and topics in the digital forensics course. The course addresses the ethical and legal procedures as well as basic forensic science principles in only the most general manner. A larger percentage of lecture and lab time is spent discussing the technical details of incident response and media analysis. The detail into the network forensics and digital device analysis topics start to breach technical details but not to …

Well-Being, Inequality And Time: The Time-Slice Problem And Its Policy Implications, Matthew D. Adler

Faculty Scholarship

Should equality be viewed from a lifetime or "sublifetime" perspective? In measuring the inequality of income, for example, should we measure the inequality of lifetime income or of annual income? In characterizing a tax as "progressive" or "regressive," should we look to whether the annual tax burden increases with annual income, or instead to whether the lifetime tax burden increases with lifetime income? Should the overriding aim of anti-poverty programs be to reduce chronic poverty: being badly off for many years, because of low human capital or other long-run factors? Or is the moral claim of the impoverished person a …

Policy Analysis For Natural Hazards: Some Cautionary Lessons From Environmental Policy Analysis, Matthew D. Adler

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Digital Watermarking And Self-Authentication Using Chirp Coding, Jonathan Blackledge

Articles

This paper discusses a new approach to ‘watermarking’ digital signals using linear frequency modulated or ‘chirp’ coding. The principles underlying this approach are based on the use of a matched filter to provide a reconstruction of a chirped code that is uniquely robust, i.e. in the case of very low signal-to-noise ratios.

Chirp coding for authenticating data is generic in the sense that it can be used for a range of data types and applications (the authentication of speech and audio signals, for example). The theoretical and computational aspects of the matched filter and the properties of a chirp are …

Four Poems: Snakehead Fish; Departures; Capitol; And Preparations For Southeast Asia, Bryan Thao Worra

Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement

No abstract provided.

The Convergent Validity Of The Scale For The Evaluation And Identification Of Seizures, Epilepsy And Anticonvulsant Side Effects-B (Seizes-B), Kimberly Robin Michelle Smith

LSU Master's Theses

Prevalence rates of epilepsy in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are much higher than in the general population. Although antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy is considered the first line of treatment, a significant number of individuals on AEDs still do not achieve total seizure control. Further, many individuals experience side effects (SE) from long-term AED use. The assessment of AED SE in individuals with ID and epilepsy is an important aspect of treatment. The present study focused on the Scale for the Evaluation and Identification of Seizures, Epilepsy, and Anticonvulsant Side Effects-B (SEIZES-B), developed to assess SE from AED use in …

Paleoflood Record Reconstruction At An Archaeological Site On The Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Stephanie Louise Vandal

All Master's Theses

The magnitude and frequency of late Holocene floods on the Owyhee River in southeastern Oregon were reconstructed from fine-grained flood deposits at three sites in the river canyon. The stratigraphy at the Birch Creek study site (BCSS) preserves a record of seven to nine large floods from the last 2800 years. Two additional study sites, the Iron Gate and Waterwheel, within a 5-km reach of the BCSS, showed 18-26 floods from the late Holocene to 1993 A.D. and 17-22 floods from 8600 B.P. to 1993 A.D., respectively. Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System modeling of the 1993 flood and several paleofloods …

Early And Late Preferences In Relative Clause Attachment In Spanish And Portuguese, Marcus Maia, Eva M. Fernández, Armanda Costa, Maria Do Carmo Lourenço-Gomes

Publications and Research

This study presents new data about the cross-language application of the Late Closure principle (Frazier, 1978), whose universality was put in question by data from Spanish (Cuetos & Mitchell, 1988). Using sentences containing a restrictive relative clause unambiguously modifying the first or the second noun of a complex NP (os cúmplices do ladrão/o cúmplice dos ladrões que fugiram), this study compares the behavior of Brazilian and European Portuguese speakers participating in a self-paced reading task. The data confirm that, in early phases of processing, attachment preferences are driven by a locality principle such as Late Closure. Based on a review …

Voices In Cultural Heritage Preservation: A Comparative Study Between New Orleans And Changting (China), Guiyuan Wang

LSU Master's Theses

This is a comparative study between the historic preservation in two countries – the United States (New Orleans) and China (Changting). The main questions are how the voices of different groups become foregrounded or effaced in the dynamics of the political process. Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts -- social capital, cultural capital, and symbolic capital – are applied. The historic preservation in the United States is distinct from that in China. First, the national structures of governments are different, and the historic preservation systems are established in dissimilar ways. Second, at the local level, the question, that who take part in historic …

Endowment Effects In Chimpanzees, Owen D. Jones, Sarah F. Brosnan, Susan P. Lambeth, Mary Catherine Mareno, Amanda S. Richardson, Steven Schapiro

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Human behavior is not always consistent with standard rational choice predictions. The much-investigated variety of apparent deviations from rational choice predictions provides a promising arena for the merger of economics and biology. Although little is known about the extent to which other species also exhibit these seemingly irrational patterns of human decision-making and choice behavior, similarities across species would suggest a common evolutionary root to the phenomena.

The present study investigated whether chimpanzees exhibit an endowment effect, a seemingly paradoxical behavior in which humans tend to value a good they have just come to possess more than they would have …

Tuko Pamoja: A Guide For Peer Educators, Program For Appropriate Technology In Health (Path)

Reproductive Health

This guide was developed by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) and is part of the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project’s Tuko Pamoja (We Are Together) series. Based on KARHP’s Adolescent Reproductive Health and Life Skills Curriculum, the guide is designed to help facilitate dialogue between adults and young people on issues related to adolescent reproductive health. It can be used to help peer educators share information and lead discussions with their peers on physical and emotional changes during adolescence, staying healthy, planning for the future, making good decisions, and preventing pregnancy and HIV and AIDS. The information can …

Mainstreaming Emergency Contraception In Ethiopia's Public Sector: Final Project Report, Jill Keesbury, Hailegiorgis Aytenfisu, Spike Bradford

Reproductive Health

The Ethiopian Ministry of Health, the Ethiopian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and ECafrique launched a two-year project in 2004 to mainstream emergency contraception (EC) in the country’s public sector. The project aimed at improving reproductive health care among young women and reducing the country’s abortion rate by expanding access to EC. Overall, its goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating EC within the public sector’s broader contraceptive mix and was guided by the following objectives: to scale-up and promote public sector EC services in five of Ethiopia’s most populated regions; to document the characteristics and use patterns of …

Emergency Contraception, Female Condoms And Iuds In Kenya's Public Sector: Findings From A National Diagnostic Assessment, Jill Keesbury, Benter Owino, Spike Bradford

Reproductive Health

In 2005, the Kenya Ministry of Health, Department of Reproductive Health (DRH), began an initiative to strengthen the provision of emergency contraception (EC) in the public sector. As a first step, 700,000 units of the dedicated EC product Postinor 2 were procured by UNFPA for use in government facilities and select providers were trained on its administration. In 2006, the DRH requested assistance from ECafrique, the African Forum on Emergency Contraception, to expand access to the product. This report documents the results of a diagnostic assessment conducted at the outset of this initiative. It examines the provision and utilization of …

Senegal: Mainstreaming Adolescent Health: Building On Local Support Systems, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

In 1999, FRONTIERS began a three-year collaboration with the World Health Organization, the Center for Research and Training, the Population Training Group, and the Ministries of Health, Education, and Youth to test the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost of school-, clinic-, and community-based interventions to improve the reproductive health of youth aged 10–19. This adolescent reproductive health (ARH) study showed that the multisectoral, multidisciplinary approach increased knowledge about youth reproductive health among young people, the community, schools, and health-care providers. As noted in this brief, one of the guiding principles of the ARH study was to build sustainability through existing institutions, …

Kenya: Multisectoral Engagement Increases Support For Adolescent Reproductive Health, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

In 1999, FRONTIERS launched the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project (KARHP), testing a multisectoral approach to improving young people’s reproductive health knowledge and behavior at community, school, and health-facility levels in two pilot districts in the Western Province. The intervention involved three key government ministries—Education, Science and Technology, Health, and Gender, Sports, Culture, and Social Services—with input from community leaders, parents, and youth. Positive findings from the study convinced the three ministries and USAID to institutionalize and scale up selected elements from the pilot project. In 2003, FRONTIERS and PATH began providing technical assistance aimed at mainstreaming and expanding cost-effective …

Situation Analysis Of The Sexual And Reproductive Health And Hiv Risks And Prevention Needs Of Older Orphaned And Vulnerable Children In Nyanza Province, Kenya, Milka Juma, Ian Askew, Alan Ferguson

Reproductive Health

The increasing number of children in Kenya who are orphaned or made vulnerable (OVC) from HIV/AIDS and other factors calls for a holistic understanding of their situation so that effective programs to address their needs can be designed. This is especially important for those areas hardest hit by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, such as Nyanza Province. Little is known about the vulnerabilities of older orphans to risky sexual behavior, and whether they are more vulnerable than nonorphans. The Department of Children’s Services has initiated a cash transfer program to households taking care of OVC. The main objective is to provide a …

Knowledge, Practice, And Coverage (Kpc) Survey: Baseline Report, Bagh District, Munir Afridi, Saman Naz, Nayyer Munir

Reproductive Health

The Primary Healthcare Revitalization, Integration, and Decentralization in Earthquake-affected Areas (PRIDE) program is designed to improve primary health-care services and health outcomes for populations in Bagh and Mansehra districts in northern Pakistan that were affected by the devastating earthquake that struck on October 8, 2005. The project aims to strengthen the financial and human resource management capacities of district health authorities and primary health-care providers. Access to and quality of primary health-care services will be improved through an essential package of health services and improved skills of primary health-care personnel. Community demand for quality services will be improved through an …

Evaluación De Las Múltiples Desventajas De Las Niñas Mayas: Efectos Del Género, El Origen Étnico, La Pobreza Y El Lugar De Residencia Sobre La Educación En Guatemala, Kelly Hallman, Sara Peracca, Jennifer Catino, Marta Julia Ruiz

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Aunque el acceso a la educación primaria en Guatemala se incrementó en los últimos años, especialmente en las áreas rurales, los índices de finalización de escuela primaria y de alfabetismo corespondeientes a personas jóvenes continúan estando entre los más bajos de Latinoamérica, y persisten otros problemas como el ingreso tardío, la repetición de cursos y el abandono temprano. Se estima que el índice de alfabetismo entre adultos es del 85 por ciento en Latinoamérica en general, comparado con sólo un 70 por ciento en Guatemala. Aunque los pueblos indígenas en Latinoamérica por lo general tienen menos escolaridad que los no …

An Investigation Into Japan's Population: The Current State Of Decline, Joel Stewart

Geography Masters Research Papers

Japan is facing a demographic crisis. The population is aging and shrinking at a considerable pace despite the government's efforts to curtail the problem. This rapid change in the demographic structure of Japan is bound to have stark implications on the society and economy of Japan. The objective of this paper is to understand the issues that allowed this impeding crisis to come about. A thorough examination of the current literature on Japan's fertility and population issues revealed that a number of various factors are causing the impending crisis. Some of the factors determined to be affecting the population dilemma …