Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Understanding And Addressing Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Amy C. D’Andrade, Michael J. Austin

Faculty Publications

Racial/ethnic disproportionality in the child welfare system is a complicated social problem that is receiving increasing amounts of attention from researchers and practitioners. This review of the literature examines disproportionality in the front-end of the child welfare system and interventions that may address it. While none of the interventions had evidence suggesting that they reduced disproportionality in child welfare front-end processes, some of the interventions may improve child welfare case processes related to disproportionality and outcomes for families of color.

Decreasing Physical And Verbal Aggression In A Brain Injured Nursing Home Resident, Erin L. Woodhead, B. A. Edelstein

Faculty Publications

Following a traumatic brain injury, patients often suffer a series of psychological and psychiatric sequalae. This study presents the case of Mr. K, a 52-year-old brain-injured nursing home resident who exhibited problematic physical aggression and verbal abuse toward staff and residents. His problem behaviors were intertwined with an ethical issue involving a heterosexual relationship with another resident who also was brain injured. Following a functional assessment of antecedents and consequences, a differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) schedule was implemented. Specifically, the resident was rewarded with short-term and long-term reinforcers following periods of time during which behaviors other than the …

Fine Arts And Solow Model: A Clarification, Yeung-Nan Shieh, Jason Kao

Yeung-Nan Shieh

No abstract provided.

Launhardt’S Early Contributions To The Spatial Monopoly Model, Yeung-Nan Shieh

Yeung-Nan Shieh

No abstract provided.

Ferry Parking And Landside Access Study: Implementing Public Outreach And Impact Assessment, Stephanie Camay, Laxmi Ramasubramanian, Brandon Derman, Eric Bohn, Jochen Albrecht, William Milczarski, Maria Boile, Sotiris Theofanis

Publications and Research

Through federal regulations, metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) are mandated to perform public outreach and impact assessment. Although there are some established parameters, the quality and effectiveness of public outreach efforts vary widely, and in many instances information dissemination becomes the central focus of public outreach efforts. However, information dissemination, although essential, is not as effective as a two-way process of public involvement in which members of the public may provide feedback to shape agency initiatives. Research conducted for the Ferry Parking and Landside Access Study is used to describe best practices in public outreach, focusing on socioeconomic and community impact …

The Effect Of Gender Inequality On Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study, Quentin Brummet '08

Honors Projects

Recently, a large amount of economic literature has focused on the empirical determinants of economic growth, especially the impact of human capital. These studies have established that human capital is a very significant determinant of growth. However, relatively few studies have examined the effect of misallocation of human capital on the basis of gender. Furthermore, those that study gender inequality consider different measures of inequality, different control variables, and different data sets. This study attempts to investigate the robustness of these previous findings. Using OLS regressions and more recent data than past studies, the results highlight the fact that cross …

A Librarian's Guide To Dietary Supplements, Annette M. Healy

Library Scholarly Publications

This presentation will review current U.S. laws governing dietary supplements and the impact these laws have on the information needs of health care providers and consumers who want to make informed decisions regarding dietary supplement use. The information needs of health care providers and consumers evaluating dietary supplements will be reviewed, resources to meet those needs highlighted, and gaps in current knowledge identified.

Medlineplus Go Local: The Librarian’S Tool For Promoting Hospital Services To The Community, Annette M. Healy

Library Scholarly Publications

Healthcare systems are complex organizations that patients and families may find difficult to navigate. MedlinePlus Go Local projects are assisting consumers in this navigation by developing directories of health services that are indexed by geographic area, types of services provided and associated health issues. Librarians affiliated with healthcare systems can play a critical role in promoting their organization and assisting healthcare consumers in locating needed services by assisting Go Local projects in accurately indexing their organization and assisting with keeping the information up-to-date.

Message From The President, Faith Line

The Southeastern Librarian

Column by SELA President, Faith Line.

Female-Initiated Prevention Methods (Fipm) In Kenya: Focus On The Female Condom, Martha Brady

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

As noted in this brief, the female condom (FC) is the only female-initiated prevention product that provides simultaneous protection against pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Although available for more than a decade, the FC remains limited in supply, not readily available, and underutilized. Obstacles to widespread availability and use are often generalized (e.g., high costs, resistance of partners, or unavailability). With the upcoming second generation of FCs—and ultimately microbicides—being added to female-initiated prevention methods, the need to overcome these impediments with concrete solutions is critical. Government and donor commitment to long-term, sustained supply and program support is essential. …

Has The Hiv Epidemic Peaked?, John Bongaarts, Thomas Buettner, Gerhard Heilig, Francois Pelletier

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This working paper reviews the highly diverse regional and country patterns of HIV epidemics and discusses possible causes of the geographic variation in epidemic sizes. The main finding of this analysis is that the HIV epidemic reached a major turning point over the past decade. The peak years of HIV incidence rates are past for all regions, and the peaks of prevalence rates are mostly in the past except in Eastern Europe, where it is expected to peak in 2008. But owing in part to the life-prolonging effect of antiretroviral therapy and to sustained population growth, the absolute number of …

Empowering Married Young Women And Improving Their Sexual And Reproductive Health: Effects Of The First-Time Parents Project, K.G. Santhya, Nicole Haberland, Arup Das, F. Ram, R.K. Sinha, Usha Ram, S.K. Mohanty

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Population Council, in partnership with Child In Need Institute in Kolkata, Deepak Charitable Trust in Vadodara, and International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, initiated the First-time Parents Project in India to develop and test an integrated package of health and social interventions to improve married young women’s reproductive and sexual health knowledge and practices, enhance their ability to act in their own interest, and expand their social support networks. The project was formulated on the hypothesis that the periods immediately following marriage and surrounding the first pregnancy and birth offer a unique and powerful entry point for improving the …

Introducing Systematic Screening To Reduce Unmet Health Needs: A Manager's Manual, Ricardo Vernon, James R. Foreit, Emma Ottolenghi

Reproductive Health

This manual is designed to help program decision-makers, managers, supervisors, and providers introduce systematic screening in their health services. Systematic screening can improve women’s health by addressing multiple unmet needs for reproductive and other health services. This manual provides: activities necessary to implement systematic screening; how to select facilities, services to screen for, and who will screen; systematic screening checklist development, adaptation, and pretesting; advice for training screeners/providers and supervisors and an outline of a generic training agenda. The manual’s contents may be adapted to reflect local, national, or programmatic health priorities and resources as well as to promote the …

Operations Research For Managers Of Reproductive Health Programs, James R. Foreit, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

The course presented in this publication defines operations research (OR) as the study of factors under the control of health program managers and other decision-makers. The purpose of OR is to improve programs and provide information for management decision-making. Successful OR is characterized by a close collaboration between program managers and researchers throughout the study. The course focuses on OR as a branch of the behavioral sciences and deals with formative research and field experiments. It concentrates on improving the research knowledge of managers who have had little or no training in research. The focus of this interactive course is …

The Guardian, Special Edition, 2008, Wright State University Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

Twenty page issue of The Guardian, the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. The Guardian has been published regularly since March of 1965.

Exploring Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies For Efl Advanced Learners, Monica Miriam Flores Rojas

MA TESOL Collection

This research paper explores the former and current status of Vocabulary learning and teaching, as well as the intricacy and relevance of word knowledge. By presenting a personal introspection on the challenges of Vocabulary acquisition at an advanced level, the present work also provides important insights into vocabulary development in the four skills. In the next section, two Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies for advanced learners are described and illustrated followed by an analysis. The final chapter is devoted to the conclusions of this research journey, the limitations faced and some suggestions for further research.

翻译研究的对话性路径 : 巴赫金思想与翻译研究, Bo Li

Theses & Dissertations

翻译研究已经成为一门独立的学科，研究领域逐渐扩大，研究方法也在不 断完善；与此同时，巴赫金研究在世界范围内，也吸引了越来越多的目光和注 意力，为语言学、文学、文化研究、哲学等相关或相邻学科提供了丰富的理论 资源。在这样一个大背景下，本项研究采取了跨学科的研究模式，概念分析与个案研究相结合，力图说明巴赫金思想对翻译研究的适用性，在二者之间寻找理论挪用的契合点。

本文在回顾以往研究的基础上，提出了新的研究问题和假设，充分借鉴巴赫金思想，分析和解释与翻译相关的诸多问题和现象。本文提出从基于表述的主体间言语交际来看翻译过程，从杂语的角度来分析原文和译文，从声音的角 度来看译者的叙述在场及其主体性实现，从对话的角度来看翻译中涉及主体之间的主体间性，从声音和杂语的角度来思考翻译与身份认同的问题，从而对于我们理解翻译过程的实质、理解翻译过程的艰难、理解翻译中译者的主体性与翻译中的主体间性、理解翻译与身份认同的关系等等，试图提供可行的分析模 式和有意义的思考路径。在这个意义上来说，本项研究对于推进翻译研究具有一定的理论贡献。同时，本文借助文学翻译、电影字幕翻译等实际个案 (特别是台湾作家王祯和的长篇小说《玫瑰玫瑰我爱你》英语译本)，印证本文提出的分析模式的有效性和可行性。

The Housing Ladder And Hong Kong Housing Market's Boom And Bust Cycle, Lok Sang Ho, Wai Chung, Gary Wong

Centre for Public Policy Studies : CPPS Working Paper Series

This paper presents evidence, based on the recent Hong Kong experience, for the existence of a “housing ladder effect.” An increase of housing equity at the bottom of the ladder tends to translate into a trading up activity that will both increase housing market turnover and buoy up the entire housing market. Based on a natural experiment through the introduction of a public housing privatization scheme, this papers presents evidence supporting this story using a logit model and a price-volume causality test.

Paths To Success: The Critical Role Of Nonprofits In Developing Leadership In The African American Community Of Cleveland, Ohio, Stuart Mendel

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

Paths to success: The critical role of nonprofits in developing leadership in the African American community of Cleveland, Ohio. Presentation at the 37th Annual Conference Proceedings, Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA), November 2008.

The Limits Of Health Care Reform, Ani B. Satz

Faculty Articles

Part I of this Article provides a context for understanding health law in 2008. It discusses the complex relationships between the various actors, at both the federal and state levels, which affect the distribution, provision, and regulation of health care, as well as the role of technological devel­opments in these relationships. Individuals familiar with health law may choose to skip this Part.

Parts II and III address the theoretical underpinnings of basic mini­mum and rationing approaches, respectively. Part II discusses the contractarian foundations of basic minimum schemes. It focuses on the distribu­tion of health care goods as primary goods (goods …

Choaking Phobia In School-Aged Children, Joseph Wanzek, Daniel Houlihan

Psychology Department Publications

No abstract provided.

Revenue Assignments In The Practice Of Fiscal Decentralization, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

Revealed Altruism, James C. Cox, Daniel Friedman, Vjollca Sadiraj

ECON Publications

This paper develops a nonparametric theory of preferences over one's own and others' monetary payoffs. We introduce “more altruistic than” (MAT), a partial ordering over such preferences, and interpret it with known parametric models. We also introduce and illustrate “more generous than” (MGT), a partial ordering over opportunity sets. Several recent studies focus on two-player extensive form games of complete information in which the first mover (FM) chooses a more or less generous opportunity set for the second mover (SM). Here reciprocity can be formalized as the assertion that an MGT choice by the FM will elicit MAT preferences in …

Tax Effort In Developing Countries And High Income Countries: The Impact Of Corruption, Voice And Accountability, Richard M. Bird, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

ECON Publications

In this paper we argue that a more legitimate and responsive state is an essential factor for a more adequate level of tax effort in developing countries and high income countries. While at first glance giving such advice to poor countries seeking to increase their tax ratios may not seem more helpful than telling them to find oil, it is presumably more feasible for people to improve their governing institutions than to rearrange nature’s bounty. Improving corruption, voice and accountability may not take longer nor be necessarily more difficult than changing the opportunities for tax handles and economic structure. The …

La Programación Presupuestaria Plurianual Con Referencia A Su Práctica En El Reino Unido Y Dinamarca, Juan Luis Gomez, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

ECON Publications

Las últimas décadas han sido testigos de una serie de innovaciones importantes en las políticas de presupuesto y control del gasto público. En todos los casos, estas innovaciones han perseguido los objetivos de crear una política fiscal más sostenible en un sentido macroeconómico, incrementar la eficiencia en la asignación de los recursos en las distintas áreas del sector público y mejorar la calidad de la gestión de los servicios públicos. El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de los resultados obtenidos con la puesta en práctica de la presupuestación plurianual, y en su uso efectivo en dos países del …

Local Government Fiscal Competition In Developing Countries: The Case Of Indonesia, Francisco Javier Arze Del Granado, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Rentanida Renata Simatupang

ECON Publications

This paper explores the role and significance of spatial fiscal competition among local governments in the developing world. Although there is now a large literature on local fiscal competition in North America and Western Europe, little is known about the extent and significance of fiscal interaction among local governments in the many developing countries that have undergone fiscal decentralization process over the last decade. This paper, in particular, examines whether jurisdictional competition (in the forms of expenditure externalities, tax competition, and yardstick competition) has been present in Indonesia, a country that was strongly decentralized starting in 2001. Our empirical results …

The Property Tax In Practice, Roy W. Bahl, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Joan Youngman

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

The Determinants Of Revenue Performance, Roy W. Bahl, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

Tax Policy In Developing Countries: Looking Back—And Forward, Roy W. Bahl, Richard M. Bird

ECON Publications

We review the changing nature of tax policy in developing countries over the last 30 years and consider what factors determining the level and structure of tax revenues in such countries may have changed recently and how such changes may affect future developments.

Pillars Of Fiscal Decentralization, Roy W. Bahl

ECON Publications

Fiscal decentralization can de be defined as the process of transferring budgetary authority from central government to elected subnational governments in order to grant them power to make decisions regarding taxes and expenses. This paper discusses, theoretically and empirically, what some consider the three pillars of fiscal decentralization: expenditure assignment, revenue assignment, and intergovernmental transfers. In the real world, almost all countries have these three pillars. However, there are no two countries alike because of the different possibilities at hand in designing a decentralized fiscal framework. Here, the international experience is studied to shed some light on the various institutional …