Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Promoting Sexual Healthcare Within General Practice, Ann Dadich, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Penny Abbott, Jenny Reath, Wendy Hu, Tim Usherwood, Melissa Kang, Carolyn Murray

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Poster presented at the 2012 Primary Health Care Research Conference, 18-20 July 2012, Canberra, Australia

Enhancing Sexual Healthcare Within General Practice, Ann Dadich, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Penny Abbott, Jenny Reath, Wendy Hu, Tim Usherwood, Melissa Kang, Carolyn Murray, K Reakes

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Poster abstract presented at IUSTI World Congress, 15-17 October 2012, Melbourne, Australia

Knowledge Translation In An Era Of Reform, Ann Dadich, Hassan Hosseinzadeh

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Knowledge translation can be difficult, particularly during volatile and unstable healthcare reform. This can have significant implications. The aim of this paper is to determine what works when facilitating knowledge translation. General Practitioners (n=214) were surveyed about their awareness, their use, the perceived impact, and the factors that hindered the use of four resources to promote sexual healthcare - a placard, online training, face-to-face training, and an educational booklet. All four resources were perceived to improve clinical ability. However, the placard appeared to have greatest reach and use. Relatively inexpensive tools that provide instructive guidance may therefore be an effective …

Final Report From The Key Stage 3 Phase: Influences On Students' Development From Age 11-14, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Since 1997 the Effective Pre-school, Primary and Secondary Education project (EPPE/EPPSE) has investigated the attainment and development of approximately 3,000 children from pre-school to the end of Key Stage 3 (KS3). This current phase of the research explored how different phases of education, especially secondary school, are related to students' attainment, social behaviour and dispositions at age 14 (Year 9 in secondary school) and the factors that predict developmental change. However, schools are not the only influence on students' development; families and communities matter too and these 'social' influences are carefully studied in EPPSE 3-14. The net effects of neighbourhood, …

Influences On Students' Attainment And Progress In Key Stage 3: Academic Outcomes In English, Maths And Science In Year 9, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Katalin Toth, Diana Draghici, Rebecca Smees

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The Effective Pre-school, Primary and Secondary Education Project (EPPSE) has investigated the academic and social-behavioural development of approximately 3,000 children from the age of 3+ years since 1997. This Research Brief focuses on the relationships between a range of individual student, family, home, pre-, primary and secondary school characteristics and students' academic attainment in English, maths and science in Year 9 at secondary school (age 14). It compares the latest findings with those found for students' attainment at younger ages. It also highlights the influences of secondary school on students' attainment in the core curriculum areas and studies their academic …

Selective Imitation In 6-Month-Olds: The Role Of The Social And Physical Context, Sabine Seehagen, Jane S. Herbert

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Six-month-old infants' learning of a new action from two different models (mother/stranger) was assessed in two settings (home/laboratory). In the laboratory, a significant number of infants learned the action from a stranger but not from their mother. In the infants' homes, this pattern was reversed.

Colorectal Cancer Screening: Why Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Tests May Be The Best Option, Kathy Flitcroft, Les Irwig, Stacy Carter, Glenn P. Salkeld, James Gillespie

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: There are many test options available for colorectal cancer screening. The choice of test relates to the objectives of those offering or considering screening.Discussion: While all screening programs aim to detect disease early in order to improve the length and/or quality of life for the individual, some organizations and individuals prefer screening tests that offer the opportunity for cancer prevention. Others favor maximizing participation or the opportunity for shared decision-making, including discussion of information on test quality and availability. We propose three additional objectives for screening: minimizing harms, optimizing economic efficiency and maximizing equity of access to screening. …

Greener Neighbourhoods, Healthier Lives? Evidence From Britain, Thomas E. Astell-Burt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at Be Active 2012, 31 October-3 November 2012, Sydney, Australia

Routine Outcome Monitoring And Feedback On Physical Or Mental Health Status: Evidence And Theory, Ingrid V. Carlier, Denise Meuldijk, Irene M. Van Vliet, Esther M. Van Fenema, Nic J. Van Der Wee, Frans G. Zitman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM) is an important quality tool for measuring outcome of treatment in health care. The objective of this article is to summarize the evidence base that supports the provision of feedback on ROM results to (mental) health care professionals and patients. Also, some relevant theoretical aspects are considered. Methods: Literature study (Pubmed, Medline, PsychINFO, Embase Psychiatry, 1975-2009) concerning randomized controlled trials (RTC's) of ROM and feedback on physical or mental health status of patients of all ages. Main search terms were routine outcome monitoring/measurement, feedback, health status measurement, patient reported outcome measures. Results: Included were 52 …

Geographies Of Urban Politics: Pathways, Intersections, Interventions, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper deals with urban political geographies and, most particularly, with political economy perspectives on urban politics. It offers an account that narrates what I see as influential pathways and intersections, theoretical debates, and methodological developments that have shaped contemporary urban political geographies in this vein since the 1970s, including: the 'new urban politics', intersections with postmodernism, and postcolonialism; urban neoliberalism and the contingency of urban politics; and, most recently, poststructural political economy and the notion of assemblage. This leads me to trace the implications of the shift in understanding from urban political geography to geographies of urban politics, and …

Empirische Evidence Voor De Effectiviteit Van Routine Outcome Monitoring; Een Literatuuronderzoek, Ingrid V. Carlier, Denise Meuldijk, Irene M. Van Vliet, Esther M. Van Fenema, Nic J. Van Der Wee, Frans G. Zitman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

achtergrond Routine outcome monitoring (ROM) is een belangrijk kwaliteitsinstrument om effecten van behandeling zichtbaar te maken en wordt landelijk geïmplementeerd in de Nederlandse ggz. doel Evalueren van de wetenschappelijke stand van zaken betreffende de effectiviteit van ROM voor diagnostiek, behandeling en andere uitkomsten. methode Literatuuronderzoek in PubMed, Medline, Psycinfo en Embase Psychiatry (1975-2009) naar gerandomiseerde gecontroleerde trials (rct's) van ROM bij alle leeftijdsgroepen patiënten (algemeen en ggz). De voornaamste zoektermen waren 'routine outcome monitoring' c.q. 'routine outcome measurement'. resultaten Er werden 52 rct's geïncludeerd betreffende ROM bij volwassen patiënten. Hiervan waren 45 rct's gericht op psychische klachten, zij het niet …

Cities Of Australia And The Pacific Islands, Robyn Dowling, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

1. Cities in this region may be understood as forming two groups - those of Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand and those of the Pacific Islands - each with distinct characteristics. 2. All countries in this region are dominated by primate cities, but in the case of Australia primate cities are the capitals of states in the federal union. 3. Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand exhibit many of the urban characteristics of other developed countries, such as the United States. 4. The urban character of Pacific Island cities is similar to that of less developed countries though they are smaller and have …

Sustained Solar Hydrogen Generation Using A Dye-Sensitised Nio Photocathode/Bivo4 Tandem Photo-Electrochemical Device, Lei Tong, Akihide Iwase, Andrew Nattestad, Udo Bach, Martin Weidelener, Gunther Gotz, Amaresh Mishra, Peter Bauerle, Rose Amal, Gordon G. Wallace, Attila J. Mozer

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Solar hydrogen generation sustained for at least several hours is demonstrated using a dye-sensitised nickel(II) oxide photocathode and BiVO4 photoanode connected in a tandem configuration. H2 evolution rate is 120 nmol h−1 (>80% faradaic efficiency) without electrical bias or sacrificial oxidant/reductant, at pH = 7 using visible light (>420 nm).

Properties Of The B+-H2 And B+-D2 Complexes: A Theoretical And Spectroscopic Study, B L. J Poad, V Dryza, A A. Buchachenko, J Kos, E J. Bieske

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

The rotationally resolved infrared spectrum of the B+-D2 ion-neutral complex is recorded in the D-D stretch vibration region (2805–2875  cm−1) by detecting B+ photofragments. Analysis of the spectrum confirms a T-shaped equilibrium geometry for the B+-D2 complex with a vibrationally averaged intermolecular bond length of 2.247 Å, around 0.02 Å shorter than for the previously characterised B+-H2 complex [V. Dryza, B. L. J. Poad, and E. J. Bieske, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 12986 (2008)10.1021/ja8018302]. The D-D stretch band centre occurs at 2839.76 ± 0.10 cm−1, representing a −153.8  cm−1 shift from the Q1(0) transition of the free D2 molecule. …

Engaging With The (Un)Familiar: Field Teaching In A Multi-Campus Teaching Environment, Nicholas Gill, Michael Adams, Christine Eriksen

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Field trips have long been central to geography, but have been subject to assessment of the role of the 'field' in teaching. At the same time, academics face barriers to running field trips. Distance education and enhanced educational access for non-metropolitan students represented such an obstacle at an Australian university. These obstacles were taken as an opportunity to draw on the regional nature of the students and staff to enhance teaching goals, run critically informed field trips by and manage academic workloads. We evaluate the field trips by conducting surveys and interviews with students and tutors, and as an example …

Agricultural Change, Increasing Salinisation And Migration In The Mekong Delta: Insights For Potential Future Climate Change Impacts?, Olivia V. Dun

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This chapter focuses on the situation of some households from Nha Phan hamlet in Cai Nuoc District that have become more financially vulnerable as a result of the agricultural and environmental shift and thus have turned to migration as a means of coping. It reveals the complex pathways that link migration choices with changing environmental conditions. It explores how those impacts and choices are linked to human security and how the lessons learned from this study can shed light on climate change-induced migration. The chapter begins with a brief overview of sea-level rise projection for the Vietnamese portion of the …

Dementia And Driving: An Approach For General Practice, John Carmody, Victoria Traynor, Donald C. Iverson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background As our population ages, the proportion of drivers with dementia will continue to rise. Increasingly, health professionals are faced with the clinical dilemma of determining fitness to drive. Unfortunately, the management of drivers with dementia is fraught with hazards.

Objective This article attempts to provide an overview of the complex issue of driving and dementia as it relates to general practitioners in Australia. In addition, an evidence based management strategy is proposed.

Discussion When determining an individual’s fitness to drive, a clinician’s input may have legal, ethical, emotional and social ramifications. At present, a clear consistent national protocol detailing …

Deviance And Diversity In Dietetics, Peter Williams

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Like all professions, dietetics is concerned with the definition, teaching and assessment of professional behaviour (Gingras, 2009; Arnold, 2002), and while diversity may be welcomed, there are limits to what is regarded as acceptable differences in professional practice. There is a dark side: when difference becomes deviance. The deviance of health professionals may seem particularly damaging, because their clients hold them in positions of trust and tend to be unable to question the professional’s judgement (Gauthier, 2001). A dietitian promising to cure cancer with vitamin supplements would be regarded as deviating from the bounds of professionally acceptable behaviour.

Comorbid Externalising Behaviour In Ad/Hd: Evidence For A Distinct Pathological Entity In Adolescence, Sharnel Perera, David Crewther, Rodney Croft, Hannah Keage, Daniel Hermens, C Richard Clark

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

While the profiling of subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) have been the subject of considerable scrutiny, both psychometrically and psychophysiologically, little attention has been paid to the effect of diagnoses comorbid with AD/HD on such profiles. This is despite the greater than 80% prevalence of comorbidity under the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic definitions. Here we investigate the event related potential (ERP) and psychometric profiles of Controls, AD/HD, and comorbid AD/HD (particularly AD/HD+ODD/CD) groups on six neurocognitive tasks thought to probe the constructs of selective and sustained attention, response inhibition and executive function. Data from 29 parameters extracted from a child …

Translation Of Tobacco Policy Into Practice In Disadvantaged And Marginalized Subpopulations: A Study Of Challenges And Opportunities In Remote Australian Indigenous Communities, Jan A. Robertson, Katherine M. Conigrave, Rowena Ivers, Kim Usher, Alan R. Clough

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: In Australia generally, smoking prevalence more than halved after 1980 and recently commenced to decline among Australia's disadvantaged Indigenous peoples. However, in some remote Indigenous Australian communities in the Northern Territory (NT), extremely high rates of up to 83% have not changed over the past 25 years. The World Health Organisation has called for public health and political leadership to address a global tobacco epidemic. For Indigenous Australians, unprecedented policies aim to overcome disadvantage and close the 'health gap' with reducing tobacco use the top priority. This study identifies challenges and opportunities to implementing these important new tobacco initiatives …

How Are Women's Glass Ceiling Beliefs Related To Career Success?, Paul Smith, Peter Caputi, Nadia Crittenden

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to test the concurrent criterion validity of a new measure, the Career Pathways Survey (CPS) by exploring how women’s glass ceiling beliefs are related to five major indicators of subjective career success: career satisfaction, happiness, psychological wellbeing, physical health and work engagement (WE). Design/methodology/approach – Data from a cross-sectional study of 258 women working in Australian organizations were analyzed. The participants completed the CPS and measures of subjective career success. The CPS assesses four sets of beliefs about glass ceilings: denial, resilience, acceptance and resignation. Findings – Regression analyses showed denial was …

Validation Of The Differentiated Transformational Leadership Inventory As A Measure Of Coach Leadership In Youth Soccer, Stewart A. Vella, Lindsay G. Oades, Trevor P. Crowe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper describes the validation of The Differentiated Transformational Leadership Inventory (DTLI) within a participation youth sports context. Three hundred and twenty-two athletes aged between 11 and 18 years completed the DTLI. Using a confirmatory factor analysis, the DTLI yielded an underlying factor structure that fell short of cut-off criteria for adjudging model fit. Subsequent theory-driven changes were made to the DTLI by removing the 'high performance expectations' subscale. Further data-driven changes were also made on the basis of high item-factor cross-loadings. The revised version of the DTLI was subjected to confirmatory factor analysis and proved to be a good …

Synthesis Of Stemofoline Analogues As Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Kwankamol Sastraruji, Thanapat Sastraruji, Alison T. Ung, Renate Griffith, Araya Jatisatienr, Stephen G. Pyne

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Thirty two new stemofoline analogues were prepared from didehydrostemofoline for studies as AChE inhibitors. C-3 side-chain modified amino, carbamate, triazole and oxazole stemofoline derivatives were prepared. In general the amine derivatives were found to be stronger inhibitors of AChE than their alcohol analogues that we previously reported. Compounds 5 and 26, with small C-3 side chain substituents, were two of the most active inhibitors. Preliminary molecular docking studies suggested that these compounds may inhibit AChE by binding horizontally along the passage of the active-site gorge and block access to acetylcholine.

Influence Of Plantlet Age And Different Soilless Culture On Acclimatization Of Stemona Curtisii Hook.F., Jiraporn Palee, Srisulak Dheeranupattana, Araya Jatisatienr, Sunanta Wangkarn, Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul, Stephen Pyne, Alison Ung, Thanapat Sastraruji

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The aim of this experiment was to study the optimal age of Stemona curtisii plantlets for acclimatization. The in vitro shoots of S. curtisii were cultured on Murashige and Skoog solid medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid to induce roots. Then, the plantlets from in vitro culture of 4, 8 and 12 week-old were transferred into the soil and their survival rate during the acclimatization process in the greenhouse was investigated. It was found that the 8 week-old plantlets had the highest survival rate of 80%. However, to enhance the survival rate of these plantlets, a soilless …

Gender Differences In Cognitive Function Of Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia, Mei Han, Xu-Feng Huang, Da Chun Chen, Mei Hong Xiu, Li Hui, Haibo Liu, Thomas R. Kosten, Xiang Yang Zhang

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Schizophrenic patients have cognitive impairments, but gender differences in these cognitive deficits have had limited study. This study assessed cognitive functioning in 471 subjects including 122 male and 78 female schizophrenic patients and 141 male and 130 female healthy controls. We found that immediate memory, language, delayed memory and total RBANS scores were significantly decreased in schizophrenia compared with healthy controls for both genders. Male patients had significant lower immediate memory, delayed memory and total RBANS scores than female patients, and healthy controls showed a similar gender difference. The RBANS showed modest correlations with PANSS scores, duration of illness and …

Schizophrenia And Resilience: What Does It Mean?, Susan Liersch, Lorna Moxham, Peter Caputi, Janette Curtis

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A doctoral research examined the meaning of resilience for someone who is living with schizophrenia. What it didn't examine was what makes people with schizophrenia resilient.

Dairy Consumption And Diet Quality In A Sample Of Australian Children, Anna M. Rangan, Victoria M. Flood, Gareth Denyer, Karen Webb, Guy B. Marks, Timothy P. Gill

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objective: To examine the association between intake of dairy products and indicators of diet quality among a sample of Australian children. Methods: Three 24-hour recalls were collected from 222 children aged 8–10 years living in western Sydney. Analysis of covariance was used to examine differences in mean intakes of foods and nutrients among 3 dairy consumption groups (<1 serve, 1–2 serves, ≥2 serves per day). The percentage of children meeting healthy eating guidelines for foods and estimated average requirements (EAR) for nutrients was also assessed. Results: Higher dairy consumption was associated with higher intakes of energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, riboflavin, and niacin as well as foods from the bread and cereal group but lower intakes of mono- and polyunsaturated fats, foods from the meat and alternatives group, and energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods. Children who consumed ≥2 serves of dairy products per day (38%) were more likely to meet food and nutrient recommendations. Body mass index z-score and waist circumference were not associated with dairy consumption. Milk intake was inversely associated with the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, and children who did not meet their minimum dairy serve recommendations consumed higher quantities of sugar-sweetened beverages than milk. Conclusions: Adequate dairy consumption was associated with diets of higher nutritional quality but also higher intakes of energy, suggesting a potential benefit from shifting consumption from regular-fat to reduced-fat dairy products in line with current national recommendations.

Characterization Of Cleavage Events In The Multifunctional Cilium Adhesin Mhp684 (P146) Reveals A Mechanism By Which Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae Regulates Surface Topography, Daniel Bogema, Ania T. Deutscher, Lauren K. Woolley, Lisa M. Seymour, Benjamin B. A Raymond, Jessica L. Tacchi, Matthew P. Padula, Nicholas E. Dixon, F Chris Minion, Cheryl Jenkins, Mark J. Walker, Steven P. Djordjevic

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes enormous economic losses to swine production worldwide by colonizing the ciliated epithelium in the porcine respiratory tract, resulting in widespread damage to the mucociliary escalator, prolonged inflammation, reduced weight gain, and secondary infections. Protein Mhp684 (P146) comprises 1,317 amino acids, and while the N-terminal 400 residues display significant sequence identity to the archetype cilium adhesin P97, the remainder of the molecule is novel and displays unusual motifs. Proteome analysis shows that P146 preprotein is endogenously cleaved into three major fragments identified here as P50P146, P40P146, and P85P146 that reside on the cell surface. Liquid chromatography with tandem …

Physiological Employment Standards For Firefighters: Report 2: The Physiological Demands Of Performing Physically Demanding Fire-Fighting Duties, Nigel A.S. Taylor, Hugh Fullagar, John A. Sampson, Daniel Steven Lee, Sean Notley, Simon Burley, Herbert Groeller

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The aim of this research was to facilitate the identification of capable and robust recruits for Fire & Rescue New South Wales (FRNSW), such that it could sustain the capability of its workforce, whilst simultaneously minimising the risk of injury to both firefighters and members of the community.

Strength Gain At Little Cost? Feasibility Of 'Low Load' Eccentric Cycling As A Tool For Strength Gain In Sedentary Men, Michael Lewis, Gregory Peoples, Herb Groeller, Marc Brown

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Symptomatic reporting is a common issue in exercise rehabilitation. When traditional concentric aerobic exercise is used as an exercise stimulus, dyspnoea and fatigue are often reported by elderly5 and by cohorts with cardiorespiratory pathology3. Among the unique attributes of eccentric aerobic exercise is lower metabolic and cardiovascular demand for a given workload 1 ,2. This makes eccentric aerobic exercise more suitable for long-term adherence in rehabilitation. Although, extremely 'high load' eccentric cycling interventions have shown improvements in strength measurements4, no 'low load' eccentric cycling studies have been performed to determine if strength adaptations are feasible. Therefore, this study determined if …