Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

For Love Or Money : The Underlying Motives Of A Workaholic, Aleksandra Kosevic

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

In response to the technological innovations of the present era there has been a blurring of the frontier between work and personal life. For this reason there has been a rise in workaholism amongst employees in managerial and professional occupations. Workaholism literature is engrossed with its common associated negative outcomes, arguing for a preoccupation with materialistic rewards being one cause for this. The present study aims to explore the possibility that outcomes of workaholism pertain to the underlying motive of workaholism and these are not necessarily negative. Results indicated that autonomous motivation fully mediated the relationship between workaholism and job …

Karen Burmese Refugee Youth And Facebook: The Influence On Sense Of Community And Belonging, Beth Hazelden

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

There are currently over 42.5 million displaced persons worldwide, with 15.2 million identifying as refugees. The Karen Burmese are a persecuted ethnic group forced to flee to refugee camps along the Thai-Burma border. Australia plays host to 22170 Burmese, with 80% identifying as Karen. For the Karen and other refugees, involuntary migration is a difficult experience. Refugees face many challenges when resettling into a new community, and refugee youth experience additional challenges. It is important for psychosocial wellbeing to have a sense of community (SOC) and belonging (SOB), but this may be disrupted for refugee youth. One way that young …

As Long As Your're Resilient You'll Succeed: School Disaffected Adolescents' Perspectives On Their Willingness To Engage In High Injury-Risk Graffiti-Writing Activities, Myra Taylor

Research outputs 2012

A lack of sense of school belonging can be a destabilising aspect in disaffected students’ lives, so much so that they will often seek an alternative sense of belonging outside of the school arena. Gaining out-of-school acceptance within the non-conforming, graffiti subculture is dependent upon proving one’s worth through willing engagement in visual acts of high-risk daring. This exemplar study examines the health-risk injuries sustained by eight adolescent crew leaders within the graffiti subculture. The study’s findings reveal four reoccurring sources of graffiti-related injury (ie. tagging hard-to-reach places, fighting rival crews, graffing under the influence, and eluding Police capture). A …

Preliminary Report On Race And Washington’S Criminal Justice System, Robert S. Chang

Faculty Articles

For this Report, the Research Working Group reviewed evidence on disproportionality in Washington’s criminal justice system and considered whether crime commission rates accounted for this disproportionality. They found that crime commission rates by race and ethnicity are largely unknown and perhaps unknowable, but that some researchers simply take arrest rates as good proxies for underlying commission rates for all crimes. They found that use of arrest rates likely overstates black crime commission rates for several reasons. But even if arrest rates are used as a proxy for underlying crime commission rates, the extent of racial disproportionality is not explained by …

A Scalable Distributed Syntactic, Semantic And Lexical Language Model, Ming Tan, Wenli Zhou, Lei Zheng, Shaojun Wang

Kno.e.sis Publications

This paper presents an attempt at building a large scale distributed composite language model that is formed by seamlessly integrating an n-gram model, a structured language model, and probabilistic latent semantic analysis under a directed Markov random field paradigm to simultaneously account for local word lexical information, mid-range sentence syntactic structure, and long-span document semantic content. The composite language model has been trained by performing a convergent N-best list approximate EM algorithm and a follow-up EM algorithm to improve word prediction power on corpora with up to a billion tokens and stored on a supercomputer. The large scale distributed composite …

Semantics Of Perception: Towards A Semantic Web Approach To Machine Perception, Cory Andrew Henson, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The acts of observation and perception provide the building blocks for all human knowledge (Locke, 1690); they are the processes from which all ideas are born; and the sole bond connecting ourselves to the world around us. Now, with the advent of sensor networks capable of observation, this world may be directly accessible to machines. Missing from this vision, however, is the ability of machines to glean semantics from observation; to apprehend entities from detected qualities; to perceive. The systematic automation of this ability is the focus of machine perception -- the ability of computing machines to sense and interpret …

Extracting Diverse Sentiment Expressions With Target-Dependent Polarity From Twitter, Lu Chen, Wenbo Wang, Meenakshi Nagarajan, Shaojun Wang, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

This study focuses on automatic extraction of sentiment expressions associated with given targets from Twitter. It addresses one of the key challenges in this work: Wide diversity and informal nature of sentiment expressions that cannot be trivially enumerated or captured using predefined lexical patterns.

On The Role Of Social Identity And Cohesion In Characterizing Online Social Communities, Hemant Purohit, Yiye Ruan, David Fuhry, Srinivasan Parthasarathy, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Two prevailing theories for explaining social group or community structure are cohesion and identity. The social cohesion approach posits that social groups arise out of an aggregation of individuals that have mutual interpersonal attraction as they share common characteristics. These characteristics can range from common interests to kinship ties and from social values to ethnic backgrounds. In contrast, the social identity approach posits that an individual is likely to join a group based on an intrinsic self-evaluation at a cognitive or perceptual level. In other words group members typically share an awareness of a common category membership. In this work …

Towards Cloud Mobile Hybrid Application Generation Using Semantically Enriched Domain Specific Languages, Ajith Harshana Ranabahu, Amit P. Sheth, Ashwin Manjunatha, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

The advancements in computing have resulted in a boom of cheap, ubiquitous, connected mobile devices as well as seemingly unlimited, utility style, pay as you go computing resources, commonly referred to as Cloud computing. Taking advantage of this computing landscape, however, has been hampered by the many heterogeneities that exist in the mobile space as well as the Cloud space.

This research attempts to introduce a disciplined methodology to develop Cloud-mobile hybrid applications by using a Domain Specific Language (DSL) centric approach to generate applications. A Cloud-mobile hybrid is an application that is split between a Cloud based back-end and …

Alignment-Based Querying Of Linked Open Data, Amit Krishna Joshi, Prateek Jain, Pascal Hitzler, Peter Z. Yeh, Kunal Verma, Amit P. Sheth, Mariana Damova

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud is rapidly becoming the largest interconnected source of structured data on diverse domains. The potential of the LOD cloud is enormous, ranging from solving challenging AI issues such as open domain question answering to automated knowledge discovery. However, due to an inherent distributed nature of LOD and a growing number of ontologies and vocabularies used in LOD datasets, querying over multiple datasets and retrieving LOD data remains a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to querying linked data by using alignments for processing queries whose constituent data come from heterogeneous …

Semantics And Ontologies For Earthcube, Gary Berg-Cross, Isabel F. Cruz, Michael Dean, Timothy Finin, Mark Gahegan, Pascal Hitzler, Hook Hau, Krzysztof Janowicz, Naicong Li, Philip Murphy, Bryce Nordgren, Leo Obrst, Mark Schildhauer, Amit P. Sheth, Krishna Sinha, Anne Thessen, Nancy Wiegand, Ilya Zaslavasky

Kno.e.sis Publications

Semantic technologies and ontologies play an increasing role in scientific workflow systems and knowledge infrastructures. While ontologies are mostly used for the semantic annotation of metadata, semantic technologies enable searching metadata catalogs beyond simple keywords, with some early evidence of semantics used for data translation. However, the next generation of distributed and interdisciplinary knowledge infrastructures will require capabilities beyond simple subsumption reasoning over subclass relations. In this work, we report from the EarthCube Semantics Community by highlighting which role semantics and ontologies should play in the EarthCube knowledge infrastructure. We target the interested domain scientist and, thus, introduce the value …

College World Series In Omaha: In A League Of Its Own, Albert Chen, Bruce Thorson

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications

Photo caption: This 2011 Cal-Virginia hurlers' duel produced the longest CWS scoreless stretch in 24 years: 6-1/2 innings. (Photo by Bruce Thorson)

The Effect Of Advertising-Focused, Short-Term Study Abroad Programs On Students’ Worldviews, Frauke Hachtmann

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications

Global employers in the advertising industry are increasingly interested in hiring students with intercultural communication skills and cultural experience. While the benefits of long-term study abroad programs are well documented, this study focuses on advertising-specific, short-term study abroad programs. The purpose was to explore the effectiveness of such programs on students’ worldviews using a mixed methods design. The results show that students displayed lower levels of ethnocentrism after participating in short-term, advertising-focused study abroad programs. In addition, five qualitative themes emerged: an awareness of and appreciation for the out-group, an increased awareness of the in-group, the importance of communication, a …

Ethnic Appeal: A Self-Defense Tool For Kenyan Politicians, Dane M. Kiambi

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications

So far, analyses of apologetic rhetoric strategies as used by individuals or organizations to respond to accusations of wrongdoing have been concentrated in the West. An analysis of political apologia in an African setting — in this case Kenya — reveals that while Kenyan politicians have used denial, victimization, mortification, and counterattacking among other self-defense strategies, one particular strategy emerges as the most commonly used by Kenyan politicians — ethnic appeal.

The Ontology For Parasite Lifecycle (Opl): Towards A Consistent Vocabulary Of Lifecycle Stages In Parasitic Organisms, Priti Parikh, Jie Zheng, Flora J. Logan-Klumpler, Christian J. Stoeckert, Pantelis Topalis, Anna Protasio, Amit P. Sheth, Mark Carrington, Matthew Berriman, Satya S. Sahoo

Kno.e.sis Publications

Background

Genome sequencing of many eukaryotic pathogens and the volume of data available on public resources have created a clear requirement for a consistent vocabulary to describe the range of developmental forms of parasites. Consistent labeling of experimental data and external data, in databases and the literature, is essential for integration, cross database comparison, and knowledge discovery. The primary objective of this work was to develop a dynamic and controlled vocabulary that can be used for various parasites. The paper describes the Ontology for Parasite Lifecycle (OPL) and discusses its application in parasite research.

Results

The OPL is based on …

Overcoming Poverty Through Digital Inclusion, Marco Figueiredo, Paola Prado, Mark Cramer

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

A growing body of research is showing how digital inclusion can help communities overcome poverty and injustice. The main challenge lies in how best to achieve this goal. The authors argue that digital inclusion must occur in two distinct stages. The first stage is digital literacy, accomplished with the Symbiotic Computer (SC)-smartphones and tablets. The second stage will be professional capacity-building, accomplished with the more traditional Personal Computer (PC).

Clovis Blade Technology At The Topper Site (38al23): Assessing Lithic Attribute Variation And Regional Patterns Of Technological Organization, Douglas A. Sain

Occasional Papers – Southeastern Paleoamerican Survey

This monograph, by Douglas A. Sain, is based on his master’s thesis research on the organization of Clovis blade technology. This second monograph of the Occasional Papers series of the Southeastern Paleoamerican Survey closely follows the first in terms of the meticulousness of the study, and the new information it provides about the Topper Site. Detailed studies of Clovis material are eagerly sought by Paleoindian archaeologists, enthusiasts, and particularly by lithic analysts. Sain provides a well-rounded literature review for these groups, and an innovative approach to identifying technological blades. The “mixed assemblage” problem resulting when multiple lithic technologies were used …

Review Of Griffith Taylor – Visionary Environmentalist Explorer By Carolyn Strange And Alison Bashford, Christina E. Dando

Geography and Geology Faculty Publications

Few would argue the inherently visual nature of geography, our use (and love of) maps, our emphasis on fieldwork and observation. Carolyn Strange and Alison Bashford’s biography Griffith Taylor: Visionary, Environmentalist, Explorer is as much a visual biography as a textual one, drawing on extensive visual materials as well as diaries and letters. Through images and texts, Strange and Bashford create a portrait of a complicated geographer, revealing a leading geographer of the twentieth century whose contributions cover the spectrum and the globe.

The Feasibility Of Implementing A Collaborative Recommender System For The Brigham Young University Harold B. Lee Library, Derrick Brinton

Student Works

With library users finding their information from other non-library sources, the Harold B. Lee Library at Brigham Young University has great need of a recommender system. The library already has years of checkout data that can be used to jump-start the recommender system's recommendations. Unfortunately, that data is difficult to format in a way that a recommender system can use. With some effort, it can be stored in a graph database and used to generate recommendations for users based on their preferences. Calculating recommendations before they are required and storing them for future use can speed up the amount of …

Juvenile Life Without Parole, Kallee Spooner

Undergraduate Review

The purpose of this paper is to analyze data, policy trends, and legal concerns on the issue of sentencing juvenile offenders to life without the possibility of parole (LWOP). Policy changes in the 1980s and 90s dramatically changed the sentencing outcomes for juvenile offenders. Significantly departing from the rehabilitative goals established by the juvenile court, states adopted harsher punishments, including LWOP. During this shift, the diminished culpability of youth became insignificant when compared to the nature of their crimes. The recent cases of Roper v. Simmons (2005) and Graham v. Florida (2010) reinstated the importance of recognizing that juveniles are …

Globalization And Its Effects On Chinese College Students’ Perspectives On Elderly Care, Juliann Manning

Undergraduate Review

In China, the need to care for the elderly population is increasing dramatically. China’s baby boomer generation is now aging, and in great need of assistance. As a result of China’s economic reform in the 1990’s, the country has undergone a rapid process of globalization that is now changing our world. Increased geographic mobility, longevity, the one-child policy, increased job opportunities, and the change of social roles in China are all factors that have resulted in decreased availability for adult children to take care of their aging parents. Attitudes and perspectives on elderly care have developed and varied as the …

Freedom Of Speech Vs. The Right To Privacy: Problems With The English Super Injunction, Nicci Fillinger

Honors Theses

Free speech. The words of the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States are close to hearts of Americans, especially journalists. However, not every country has the same amount of freedom granted in the US, and most Americans recognize this. Countries such as China, North Korea, and Libya are notorious for media censorship, but Americans would not typically add England to this list. In recent years, however, cases of media censorship in England that would shock journalists have come to light.

Controversy over censorship results from tension between Article 8 and Article 10 of the European Convention on …

Battle For Control: How Venture Capitalists Affect The Development Of Businesses, Jeffery Neil Wacaster

Honors Theses

In my new podcast series, I interview business leaders to determine the affect of venture capital on the entrepreneur. First, I interview a serial startup entrepreneur to find out the true nature of venture capital, how to go about getting it, and how it affects the creative process. Next, I interview a blogger who thinks that venture capital can be very detrimental to business startups, and get his perspective on related issues.

The interviewees:

1. Michah Baldiwn a) current CEO of Grahic.ly b) He and his team have raised over $350 million dollars of startup money

2. Peter Ireland a) …

How Has The Introduction Of Antiretroviral Therapy (Art) Affected The Dynamics Between Aids And Economic Growth In Sub-­Saharan Africa?, Jose R. Rubio

Economics Honors Projects

This paper quantifies the economic effect of the use of antiretroviral therapy as a frontline strategy to fight AIDS using data on 29 countries in Sub-­‐Saharan Africa. To this purpose, I use two-­‐stage least squares estimation defining both a health equation and an education and health capital-­‐augmented structural Solow growth equation. Through the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV prevalence in the health equation, I indirectly link HIV and ART to economic growth. The results show that the HIV/AIDS epidemic reduces GDP per capita by 0.175% per marginal increase in HIV prevalence. ART increases GDP per capita by 0.048% …

Factors That Predict Referrals For Behavioral Health Consultation In Children In A Primary Care Setting , Erika Anne Doty

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

No abstract provided.

Resilience In Cambodia: Hearing The Voices Of Trafficking Survivors And Their Helpers , Glori G. Gray

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

No abstract provided.

Perceived Need Of Mental Health Care Identified Residents, Administrators, And Direct Care Staff Of An Assisted Living Facility , Clarissa Nicole Gayer

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

No abstract provided.

Cliques And Cohesion Is A Graduate Clinical Psychology Cohort : A Longitudinal Social Network Analysis , Kimberley Annette Kunze

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

No abstract provided.

Program Evaluation Of A Curriculum For Increasing Empathy, Self-Awareness, Personal Healing, And Knowledge Of Abuse And Sex-Trafficking, Haley H. Crowl

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

No abstract provided.

Subnational Taxation In Large Emerging Countries: Bric Plus One, Richard M. Bird

ICEPP Working Papers

This paper reviews the evolution and current state of sub national taxation in five large emerging countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and Nigeria – BRIC plus one. As these case studies show, intergovernmental fiscal relations in any country are inevitably both path-dependent and context-sensitive. In India and Brazil, for example, sub national governments already have a significant degree of fiscal autonomy in terms of being able to set some key tax rates. In both countries, however, substantial attention still must be paid to improving the general consumption taxes that are the main source of regional government revenues as well as …