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2012

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Articles 19621 - 19650 of 23313

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Disappearing Act? : An Analysis Of The Boundaries Between The Nonprofit & For-Profit Sectors, Simone Grant Jan 2012

Disappearing Act? : An Analysis Of The Boundaries Between The Nonprofit & For-Profit Sectors, Simone Grant

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation analyzes the boundaries between the nonprofit and for-profit sectors using network analysis on interlocking directorates. Drawing upon data that contains over 26,000 directors and 1000 organizations, it seeks to identify the nature of the network between the largest organizations in American society and addresses how it might explain recent marketization trends in the nonprofit sector. The “biznification” of the nonprofit sector has caused some alarm amongst nonprofit scholars and this dissertation adds another layer to the discussion by looking at the directors of the nonprofit and for-profit sectors. Seeking to identify any differences in the network brought on …

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International Security Crisis Negotiations : Finding The Balance Between Engagement And Confrontation, Mark Cozza Jan 2012

International Security Crisis Negotiations : Finding The Balance Between Engagement And Confrontation, Mark Cozza

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

When faced with an international security crisis, the policymakers of great powers are forced into difficult circumstances in a short period of time. The states that embroil the great powers in these crises force upon those policymakers tough decisions in regards to finding an acceptable resolution to the crisis. The decision making process must be quick, as excessive deliberations could have negative effects on the outcome of the crisis. Therefore, policymakers are left with two stark policy options: to either choose a policy of conciliatory engagement or a policy of confrontation. Each strategy comes with its own merits as well …

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Patterns Of Risk And Resilience : Cluster Analysis And The Relation To Later Outcomes, Stephanie M. Ernestus Jan 2012

Patterns Of Risk And Resilience : Cluster Analysis And The Relation To Later Outcomes, Stephanie M. Ernestus

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study identifies specific patterns of risk and protective factors using a person-centered approach (cluster analysis) in low-income ethnic-minority early adolescents, and then used variable centered approaches to examine how these patterns are related to developmental outcomes 6 years later. The present study used data from Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three Cities Study, and comprised of 939 African American and Latino adolescents ages 10-14 at the initial assessment. Three distinct clusters of risk and protective variables were identified; one cluster was high on protective factors, one high on risk factors, and another mixed. These risk, protective, and mixed clusters …

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The Produced And The Perceived : Transnationalism, The Production Of Space, And The Role Of Media In Constructing Popular Perceptions Of Mexican (Im)Migrant Communities, Rachel Marie Forbes Jan 2012

The Produced And The Perceived : Transnationalism, The Production Of Space, And The Role Of Media In Constructing Popular Perceptions Of Mexican (Im)Migrant Communities, Rachel Marie Forbes

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

There were approximately 11.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the United States in 2011 according to the Department of Homeland Security. Of those, approximately 59 percent were of Mexican origin. These men and women likely risked their lives--many crossing through the least guarded but most dangerous part of the nearly two thousand mile long border--with the hope, not of starting a new life in America, but of creating a better life in Mexico. Migrants, most typically agricultural workers, once travelled seasonally to work as needed and returned home at seasons end with the earnings that would help sustain their families and …

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Copala Triqui Rhetoric Discourse Of Peace, Sharone Horowit-Hendler Jan 2012

Copala Triqui Rhetoric Discourse Of Peace, Sharone Horowit-Hendler

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Our team worked with a native speaker of Copala Triqui, Román Vidal Lopez, to write the Address to the Triqui People, a message of peace for the Copal Triqui. We translated it to Spanish and English, and worked on creating a lexicon of Copala Triqui.

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Exploring The Influence Of The Japanese Accreditation System Through Managerial And Institutional Lenses, Hirosuke Honda Jan 2012

Exploring The Influence Of The Japanese Accreditation System Through Managerial And Institutional Lenses, Hirosuke Honda

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In response to the declining quality of Japanese undergraduate education, the Ministry of Education implemented the accreditation system in 2004. As the first cycle of accreditation reviews ended in 2010, the effectiveness of these reviews has been discussed in the policy arena.

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Essays On The Effects Of Public Policies On Emergency Department Use In Us, Niyousha Hosseinichimeh Jan 2012

Essays On The Effects Of Public Policies On Emergency Department Use In Us, Niyousha Hosseinichimeh

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Continuous growth of Emergency Department (ED) visits in the US has raised many concerns. Several studies have been devoted to determine the causes of ED use growth but few of them have examined impacts of public policies on ED visits. This dissertation includes three essays that investigate causes of increase in ED visits and examine the effect of some public policies on ED use. Specifically, essay 1 investigates the effect on ED use of the Massachusetts Healthcare Reform. Essay 2 examines the association of ED visits in a state with the share of the population with different types of insurance …

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Body Size And Mortality In Post-Medieval England, Gail Margaret Hughes-Morey Jan 2012

Body Size And Mortality In Post-Medieval England, Gail Margaret Hughes-Morey

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Short stature and body mass at both extremes of the distribution have consistently been linked to poor health outcomes in modern populations, but the nature of the relationship between body size and mortality is poorly understood. This dissertation examines the relationship between stature, body mass, and mortality, and how that relationship may have varied with socioeconomic status and evidence of morbidity in post-medieval England. Adults from Chelsea Old Church, an 18th-19th century high status skeletal collection from the outskirts of London, and Lower Saint Bride's, an 18th-19th century low status skeletal collection from central London, both housed at the Museum …

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Gender And Empowerment In Supported Housing : A Consumer-Oriented Empowerment Model For Adults With Psychiatric Disabilities And Histories Of Homelessness, Eleanor M. Jaffee Jan 2012

Gender And Empowerment In Supported Housing : A Consumer-Oriented Empowerment Model For Adults With Psychiatric Disabilities And Histories Of Homelessness, Eleanor M. Jaffee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Using data from an evaluation of a supported housing program for adults with psychiatric disabilities and histories of homelessness (n = 59), the relationships of gender and the presence of children with subjective measures of mental health, personal mastery, personal empowerment, social support, and quality of life were explored, and the results informed the development of a revised consumer-oriented empowerment model. Key findings include a significant relationship between gender and personal mastery and empowerment with women scoring significantly lower than men on measures of this construct, and the role of personal mastery and empowerment as a mediator between psychiatric symptoms …

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Health Disparities Among The U.S. Elderly, Heesoo Joo Jan 2012

Health Disparities Among The U.S. Elderly, Heesoo Joo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation examines health disparities related to race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status among the U.S. elderly taking into account empirical challenges including: (1) self-selection and unobserved factors; (2) subjective and objective measures of disease; and (3) attrition bias.

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Parent-Rated Strengths Of Children And Adolescents With Down Syndrome, Nicole Keenan Jan 2012

Parent-Rated Strengths Of Children And Adolescents With Down Syndrome, Nicole Keenan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Down syndrome (DS), one of the most common congenital disorders, influences physical appearance and is generally associated with pervasive delays (Unruh, 1994). Individuals with DS may experience some degree of social incompetency, emotional difficulty, and behavioral problems, and research suggests that these tend to follow age-related trends (Feeley & Jones, 2006; Williams, Wishart, Pitcairn, & Willis, 2005). Such behaviors influence family functioning, educational placements, mental health, and opportunities for social growth (Buckley, Bird, Sacks, & Archer, 2006; Hodapp, Ricci, Ly, & Fidler, 2003).

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Assessing The Relationship Of Career Goal Autonomy And Intrinsic Content On Vocational And General Well-Being, Andrew E. Kerlow-Myers Jan 2012

Assessing The Relationship Of Career Goal Autonomy And Intrinsic Content On Vocational And General Well-Being, Andrew E. Kerlow-Myers

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Ryan & Deci, 2000) argues that if the goals pursued in a life domain are not congruent with the needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, well-being in that domain will be negatively impacted or at best, stagnant. Goals are an important part of career interventions (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994), yet no research to date has assessed the importance of need congruent goals in the career domain. The present study assessed the effect of career goal autonomy (CGA) and career goal intrinsic content (CGIC) on well-being in the career domain (vocational well-being; VWB) and two components of …

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City Of Brick And Stone : New York And Hanover Square From Settlement To Revolution, 1626-1783, Jeffrey Heymann Knaack Jan 2012

City Of Brick And Stone : New York And Hanover Square From Settlement To Revolution, 1626-1783, Jeffrey Heymann Knaack

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

As the only city occupied for the duration of the American Revolution, 1776-1783, New York City has been the subject of numerous studies that have sought to evaluate the nature of the British occupation, its significance militarily and culturally, its impact on the populace, and the loyal or rebel character of the population. In general, these studies single out specific individuals or groups; themes or trends; or attempt to place the story of New York City during the American Revolution in the greater context of the founding of a nation and the development of a people. The character and impact …

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Participation, Collaboration, And Nonparticipation In Civil War, Yuichi Kubota Jan 2012

Participation, Collaboration, And Nonparticipation In Civil War, Yuichi Kubota

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The size of armed forces holds significant meaning for belligerents in civil war. Given that a large size of forces advantages an armed group in fight with the opponent, it should seek to expand the size of the forces as long as it can exercise close control over and have enough resources to manage them. Civil war involves the government and rebels, both of whom compete for the domestic popular support and recruits and often have areas where each of them can exclusively exert influence over civilians (i.e., the stronghold). In such a context, the pool of available participants for …

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Grains, Greenbacks And Governance : The Political Economy Of Rural Microfinance In Nicaragua, Courtney B. Kurlanska Jan 2012

Grains, Greenbacks And Governance : The Political Economy Of Rural Microfinance In Nicaragua, Courtney B. Kurlanska

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This research examines the livelihood strategies of rural agriculturalists in Nicaragua in relation to the availability of microcredit and microfinance. Since its emergence as a tool for development in the 1970 microlending has become a key tactic for many developing countries in their attempt to reduce poverty and improve the lives of the poor. With the arrival of the global recession, however, the weaknesses of this strategy were highlighted as growing numbers of individuals around the globe struggled to make payments on their microloans. Faced with shame, loss of land and property, or jail, debtors around the globe responded to …

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Liberalization Without Democratization : A Comparative Study On The Legislative Reforms In China, Vietnam And Laos, Haibo Li Jan 2012

Liberalization Without Democratization : A Comparative Study On The Legislative Reforms In China, Vietnam And Laos, Haibo Li

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The economic reforms in China, Vietnam and Laos have not been carried out without a series of corresponding political reforms being conducted throughout. While significant political reforms to democratize the general political system have not been seen, there is a trend towards liberalization of the legislature through the legislative reforms. This paper compares the legislative reforms in China, Vietnam and Laos, examining the rationales behind the reforms, how these socialist countries' legislatures are structured through reforms, what functions they are performing, and assessing the relationship between legislature, state, and the ruling single party. The author argues that legislative reforms will …

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Education In Juticalpa, Honduras : Analyzing Nonprofit Education's Impact On Socio-Cultural Reproduction, Eric Macias Jan 2012

Education In Juticalpa, Honduras : Analyzing Nonprofit Education's Impact On Socio-Cultural Reproduction, Eric Macias

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This Master's project explores education's impact on socio-cultural and economic reproduction in Juticalpa, Honduras. Utilizing comparative analysis, I investigate the education system in Juticalpa employing a public, private, and a nonprofit school as analytical lenses to illustrate how schools reproduce certain existing inequalities and create new ones in this city. The purpose in the following pages is three-fold. First, I conceptualize and explain the neoliberal education discourses on the need to create alternatives to public education, such as private and nonprofit education institutions. Secondly, after contextualizing these education discourses, I use social reproduction theory to investigate how schools reproduce existing …

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The Influence Of Molecular Family Stability On Emotion Regulation And Adjustment, Jennifer Weil Malatras Jan 2012

The Influence Of Molecular Family Stability On Emotion Regulation And Adjustment, Jennifer Weil Malatras

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Previous research has demonstrated a relationship between the constructs of family stability and adjustment and has provided evidence for a model in which self-regulatory behavior, namely self-control, mediates the relationship between family stability and adjustment. The present study is intended to expand upon that line of research, evaluating the mediational role of emotion regulation in the relationship between family stability and adjustment. Specifically, it was hypothesized that emotion regulation would mediate the relationship between molecular family stability and internalizing and externalizing problems. Participants were emerging adults between the ages of 18 and 21 years and were asked to complete measures …

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How Does The Nonprofit Workforce Perceive College Student Service Learners In Their Workplace?, Elisa M. Martin Jan 2012

How Does The Nonprofit Workforce Perceive College Student Service Learners In Their Workplace?, Elisa M. Martin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This qualitative case study explores the perceptions that employees from one nonprofit workplace have of college students completing community service as part of an undergraduate class with the Community and Public Service Program (CPSP). Social cognitive theory was used to frame the research questions. Factors of work stress, public service motivation, and volunteer/service learner management practices were considered. In-person interviews and a focus group were conducted with fifteen employees. In addition, four personnel from the CPSP and two students taking a class with CPSP and performing service at the case study site were also interviewed. Findings show that employees appear …

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La Mujer Detective En La Literatura Latinoamericana--Tres Ejemplos, Ornella Lepri Mazzuca Jan 2012

La Mujer Detective En La Literatura Latinoamericana--Tres Ejemplos, Ornella Lepri Mazzuca

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study analyzes the representation of women detectives in three Hispano-American novels. In the last three decades women detectives started to introduce themselves inside predominantly male literary models. Nevertheless, while there is an abundance of figures, both feminine and tough, in the Anglo-American and Spanish literature, women detectives appear later in time in the Hispano-American detective novels. An examination of the Latin-American context will evaluate the causes of this initial sporadic appearance of the women detectives. In relation to the works presented in this dissertation, the social function of the women detectives is explored and it is determined whether they …

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Phonetics And Phonology Of Chicahuaxtla Triqui Tones, Kosuke Matsukawa Jan 2012

Phonetics And Phonology Of Chicahuaxtla Triqui Tones, Kosuke Matsukawa

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Chicahuaxtla Triqui (Otomanguean, Mexico) is one of the rare tone languages with five contrastive level tones and its underlying tone system is even more complicated than its surface five-level tone system. The complexity of its underlying tone system has developed through the historical tone shifts from Proto-Triqui. The surface tone system of Chicahuaxtla Triqui is also unusually complicated and its complexity led to the insufficient analysis of the previous studies (e.g. Longacre 1952, 1957, 1959; Good 1978). To understand the tone system and tonal phonology of Chicahuaxtla Triqui, we must know their diachronic development from Proto-Triqui because historical tone shifts, …

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Childrearing In The Discourse Of Friars And Nahaus In Early Colonial Central Mexico, Nadia Marín-Guadarrama Jan 2012

Childrearing In The Discourse Of Friars And Nahaus In Early Colonial Central Mexico, Nadia Marín-Guadarrama

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation illustrates the terms in which indigenous' conceptions of childrearing and childhoods were discussed and depicted in a Mesoamerican setting of the XVI Century. During this early colonial period, Nahuas from Central Mexico realized that Spanish colonizers were interested in learning about and transforming even the most intimate aspects of their lives, including the meaning of a girl and a boy of different ages, and the practices of childrearing. In the process, friars and Nahuas had agreements or experienced contradictions regarding how girls or boys should be raised. The analysis is based on ethnographic, ecclesiastic, and civil documents written …

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The Analytic Reconciliation Of Classic Mayan Elite Pottery : Squaring Pottery Function With Form, Adornment, And Residual Contents, Jennifer Ann Loughmiller-Newman Jan 2012

The Analytic Reconciliation Of Classic Mayan Elite Pottery : Squaring Pottery Function With Form, Adornment, And Residual Contents, Jennifer Ann Loughmiller-Newman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation presents a multidisciplinary means of determining the actual content (foodstuff, non-foodstuff, or lack of contents) of Classic Mayan (A.D. 250-900) vessels. Based on previous studies that have identified the residues of foodstuffs named in hieroglyphic texts (e.g. cacao), this study is designed to further investigate foodstuff residues in the elite vessels indicated by text or image to contain those residues, and the methods employed for residue characterization. Prior to studies utilizing residue analysis, the content of Classic Maya vessels largely had long been inferred largely by ethnographic analogy, associating specific vessel forms with specific uses based on ethnographic …

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A Theoretical And Empirical Investigation Of Professional Development's Impact On Self- And Collective Efficacy By School Accountability Status, Gail Stupp Moon Jan 2012

A Theoretical And Empirical Investigation Of Professional Development's Impact On Self- And Collective Efficacy By School Accountability Status, Gail Stupp Moon

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This quantitative study used the Schools and Staffing Survey of 2007-2008, a school-based stratified probability-proportionate-to-size sample of all American schools, to explore the relationships of professional development to teachers' self- and collective efficacy by school accountability status as measured by adequate yearly progress (AYP). In addition to comparing professional development hours by teacher and school demographic characteristics, linear regression models were used to determine differences among three AYP groups: those who failed to achieved AYP the previous two years and were in Improvement status, those who failed to achieve AYP the previous year, and those who achieved AYP. Key findings …

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Health Care Priorities And The Effects Of Double Rationing, Christine Marie Muller Jan 2012

Health Care Priorities And The Effects Of Double Rationing, Christine Marie Muller

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of my research is to investigate "double rationing" which entails rationing at two levels of the health care system. At one level, policy makers prioritize treatments that will be covered under a publicly financed health care system. At a lower level, doctors or other health care professionals prioritize patients in need of scarce medical treatments. Traditionally, research focusing on health care rationing has treated these two activities as if they were separate and unrelated events. This research considers the effects of lower level prioritization activities on the ability of policy-makers to achieve their own (and arguably, societal) health …

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The Cultural Context Of Performance Appraisal : Evaluating The Effects Of Raters' Cultural Values On Performance Ratings Using A Policy Capturing Approach, Vipanchi Mishra Jan 2012

The Cultural Context Of Performance Appraisal : Evaluating The Effects Of Raters' Cultural Values On Performance Ratings Using A Policy Capturing Approach, Vipanchi Mishra

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of the rater values of individualism and collectivism on weights placed on different types of performance behaviors when making overall performance ratings in a performance appraisal context. Specifically, it was proposed that in comparison to individualistic raters, collectivistic raters would place lower weights on task performance, higher weights on citizenship performance and higher weights on counterproductive performance behaviors. It was also proposed that similar effects will be observed when raters are situationally primed to activate either a collectivistic (interdependent) or individualistic (independent) mindset through self-construal priming. Furthermore, it was …

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Modeling Municipal Service Integration : A Comparative Case Study Of New York And Philadelphia 311 Systems, Taewoo Nam Jan 2012

Modeling Municipal Service Integration : A Comparative Case Study Of New York And Philadelphia 311 Systems, Taewoo Nam

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

An increasing number of city governments are looking to the consolidation of municipal services to make their cities more efficient, effective, transparent, and accountable. A 311 system, as a consolidated channel for non-emergency contact services, is one strategy being employed. Despite growing attention to 311 systems as a preferred approach to city-level service integration, there is a paucity of research on integration of the related city services. Considering the gap in theoretical and practical knowledge of city-level service integration, this study addresses two questions: 1) How do city governments integrate critical city services? and 2) What influences city-level service integration …

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Self-Modeling As An Intervention For Stuttering In Elementary Students, Jason Northrup Jan 2012

Self-Modeling As An Intervention For Stuttering In Elementary Students, Jason Northrup

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Stuttering is a disorder involving disruptions and disfluencies in speech that impacts overall communication and affects approximately 1% of the population. In addition to speech disfluency, stuttering is often related to physical tension, embarrassment, fear, anxiety, and other negative social-emotional problems, especially for children and adolescents. Fortunately, research indicates that stuttering can be alleviated before becoming more advanced and complex as individuals enter adolescence and adulthood. Self-modeling, an intervention that involves individuals watching themselves engage in exemplary behavior, appears to be particularly effective for individuals who stutter and can be implemented in a school setting. The purpose of this study …

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The Influence Of Acculturation On The Nonverbal Communication Of African People : A Study Of The Ibibio People In Rural And Suburban Areas Of Akwaibom State, Nigeria, John J. Okon Jan 2012

The Influence Of Acculturation On The Nonverbal Communication Of African People : A Study Of The Ibibio People In Rural And Suburban Areas Of Akwaibom State, Nigeria, John J. Okon

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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Qualifying Adjuncts : Academic Worth And The Justification Of Adjunct Work, Nicholas Denman Pagnucco Jan 2012

Qualifying Adjuncts : Academic Worth And The Justification Of Adjunct Work, Nicholas Denman Pagnucco

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation studies the organization of adjunct instruction within Departments of English and Mathematics at three colleges - a public research university, a private masters granting teaching college, and a public community college. Four questions lie at the core of this project. First, what higher principles and standards of evaluation (i.e. forms of worth) are used among full-time faculty and administrators to justify and criticize adjuncts and the college's use of them? Second, what tests of worth have been institutionalized to evaluate adjuncts? Third, how does the college avoid the potential accusation of exploitation? And fourth, how does being an …

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