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2012

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Articles 21421 - 21450 of 23316

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Health Numeracy Confidence Among Racial/ Ethnic Minorities In Hints 2007: Sociodemographic, Attitudinal, And Knowledge Correlates, Hong Huang, Yiu Ming Chan, Dong Feng Jan 2012

Health Numeracy Confidence Among Racial/ Ethnic Minorities In Hints 2007: Sociodemographic, Attitudinal, And Knowledge Correlates, Hong Huang, Yiu Ming Chan, Dong Feng

School of Information Faculty Publications

Health numeracy skills help people interpret health risks, and make effective medical decisions. Lower health numeracy confidence was observed for blacks and Hispanic groups than whites. Little is known about the important factors that explain racial differences in health numeracy confidence. For this study, we used a nationally representative, cross-sectional data sample of 4,610 U.S. adults from the National Cancer Institute’s 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey. Bivariate (Chi-squares) and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the contribution factors that predict health numeracy confidence. Non-linear Fairlie decompositions were used to quantify the factor contributions to racial differences in …

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Torch (January/February 2012), Brandon Baldwin, Civil Rights Team Project Jan 2012

Torch (January/February 2012), Brandon Baldwin, Civil Rights Team Project

Torch: The Civil Rights Team Project Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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The Role Of Human Papillomavirus In Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition In Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Review Of The Literature, Brandon Brown, Mariam Davtyan, Jerome T. Galea, Erica Chow, Segundo Leon, Jeffrey D. Klausner Jan 2012

The Role Of Human Papillomavirus In Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition In Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Review Of The Literature, Brandon Brown, Mariam Davtyan, Jerome T. Galea, Erica Chow, Segundo Leon, Jeffrey D. Klausner

Social Work Faculty Publications

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Incidence rates of HPV infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals are well documented and are several-fold higher than among HIV-uninfected individuals. Few studies have demonstrated an increased risk for acquiring HIV infection in those with HPV infection, and this risk seems to be higher when HPV strains are of high-risk oncogenic potential. The estimated prevalence of high-risk oncogenic HPV infection is highest in men who have sex with men (MSM), a particularly vulnerable group with high prevalence rates of HIV infection and other STIs. In this …

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A Quick Response: Qr Code Use At The Harold B. Lee Library, Michael J. Whitchurch Jan 2012

A Quick Response: Qr Code Use At The Harold B. Lee Library, Michael J. Whitchurch

Faculty Publications

The use of quick response (QR) codes in libraries is just beginning to evolve, with a varied and vast future. At the Harold B. Lee Library of Brigham Young University, two projects that use QR codes have been implemented. This article presents details of these implementations and briefly describes QR code uses at other libraries. In addition, some pros and cons, cautions, and potential implementation issues are discussed.

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St. Mark’S Catholic Community Of The Deaf, January 1, 2012 Jan 2012

St. Mark’S Catholic Community Of The Deaf, January 1, 2012

Saint Mark's Catholic Community of the Deaf

A newsletter published for Deaf Catholics in Edmonton, CAN

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Visuomotor Adaptation In Young Adults With And Without Motor Difficulties, Chi-Mei Lee Jan 2012

Visuomotor Adaptation In Young Adults With And Without Motor Difficulties, Chi-Mei Lee

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Children with Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCD) have shown motor learning deficits in visuomotor adaptation tasks, and the failure of detecting errors seems to be the key that impedes motor learning. Recent studies suggested that presenting larger feedback improves the rate and extent of motor learning in healthy subjects and stroke patients. The present study recruited young adults with and without motor difficulties and aimed to examine their adaptability in visuomotor adaptation tasks with either regular (30° rotation) or enlarged (30° + double error) visual feedbacks. Results revealed that participants with lower motor ability showed less adaptability than those with higher …

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The Individual And Collective Consequences Of Mass Incarceration In The African American Community, Deon Larue Mcqueen Jan 2012

The Individual And Collective Consequences Of Mass Incarceration In The African American Community, Deon Larue Mcqueen

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

While over time the terms of reference (e.g., Negro, Colored, Black, African American, Afrikan) have changed, the degraded cast status of Black people has been an immutable constant. For the purpose of this paper, African American and Black will be used interchangeably. No other minority ethnicity, has attempted to assimilate into White American culture more than African Americans. African Americans carry European names, speak the language (opposed to speaking native ancestors’ languages), and also share many of the same religious beliefs. Yet the stigmatization of blacks as an inferior race remains constant. Today the words African American and criminal are …

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Gamma Oscillatory Activity In Autism Spectrum Disorder During A Face Cueing Task, Annette E. Richard Jan 2012

Gamma Oscillatory Activity In Autism Spectrum Disorder During A Face Cueing Task, Annette E. Richard

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Joint attention is a social interaction skill that normally develops in infancy and involves following another’s gaze to a stimulus. This skill is absent or developmentally delayed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), causing cascading effects on development. Neural synchrony in the gamma frequency band is thought to be involved in cognitive functions such as joint attention. The current study investigated differences in gamma power between neurotypicals and ASD as measured by magnetoencephalography (MEG) while performing a gaze cueing task simulating joint attention. Results support lower frontal gamma power in ASD, suggesting that impaired generation of gamma activity in the prefrontal …

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Relational Maintenance: An Examination Of How Gender, Relational Maintenance Strategies, And Commitment Affect The Use Of Text Messages In Romantic Relationships, Vashaun M. Baber Jan 2012

Relational Maintenance: An Examination Of How Gender, Relational Maintenance Strategies, And Commitment Affect The Use Of Text Messages In Romantic Relationships, Vashaun M. Baber

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This communication study explores the relation between commitment, relational maintenance strategies, and text message use in romantic partners. This study examines how these three factors are connected through the use of surveys. It was hypothesized that romantic partners who were more committed to one another would use text messages to communicate about certain relational maintenance strategies. Results showed romantic partners who used more relational maintenance strategies did in fact use text messages to communicate about these issues more often. Also, couples who were more committed to their partner did use more positivity when communicating through text messages with their partner. …

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An Examination Of Psychological Risk Factors For The Development Of Substance Abuse Among Post-Bariatric Surgery Patients, Valentina Ivezaj Jan 2012

An Examination Of Psychological Risk Factors For The Development Of Substance Abuse Among Post-Bariatric Surgery Patients, Valentina Ivezaj

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Bariatric surgery is a clinically effective tool that commonly results in sustained weight loss changes for the majority of patients. While bariatric surgery is generally associated with a number of positive health outcomes post-operatively, some popular media outlets and clinical anecdotes have presented concerns about the notion of “addiction transfer” and substance abuse post-bariatric surgery. There is a lack of research, however, in this area. The present study examined the rate of substance abuse in a broad sample of postbariatric surgery patients and examined potential risk factors for the development of substance abuse post-surgery. It was hypothesized that documented risk …

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The Use Of Fuck: A Sociolinguistic Approach To The Usage Of Fuck In The Bnc And Blog Authorship Corpus, Ryan Howe Jan 2012

The Use Of Fuck: A Sociolinguistic Approach To The Usage Of Fuck In The Bnc And Blog Authorship Corpus, Ryan Howe

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The present study is a corpus-based approach using both the British National Corpus (BNC) and the Blog Authorship Corpus (BAC) to identify variance in spoken use of fuck between genders, age groups, and social classes. The resulting analysis shows that there is little variance in use between male and female speakers, while use is most prevalent during the teens and early 20s. This study offers further support of the idea that there are two distinct meanings of fuck that can be separated into two distinct words, fuck1 and fuck2, by showing that a non-referential definition of fuck (fuck2 …

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Drought In Georgia: Water Scarcity Issues And Implications, Samantha Kay Chaisson Jan 2012

Drought In Georgia: Water Scarcity Issues And Implications, Samantha Kay Chaisson

LSU Master's Theses

Population growth and hydrological drought threaten the water supply of Atlanta, Georgia. In Georgia, water policy changed rapidly due to stress on the resource, regulation increased, and the state promoted a “culture of conservation” to combat water scarcity. This study examines how regulatory measures, including legislative acts and Governor’s executive orders, have impacted the population’s attitudes and behaviors towards water consumption. Furthermore, public spaces are used to measure public perception of water policy, and serve as a physical representation of the culture shift.

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The Potential Of The Angle Of The First Rib, Head To Tubercle, In Sexing Adult Individuals In Forensic Contexts, Paige Whitney Elrod Jan 2012

The Potential Of The Angle Of The First Rib, Head To Tubercle, In Sexing Adult Individuals In Forensic Contexts, Paige Whitney Elrod

LSU Master's Theses

Accurately assessing the sex of an adult human skeleton is fundamental in forming the biological profile used in forensic anthropology (Patil and Mody, 2005). The first rib was chosen due to its distinct shape, compact size and increased sustainability to the taphonomic processes encountered in forensic and bioarchaeological situations. The first rib has been examined in previous studies; however, these studies have focused mainly on the sternal end of the rib. This study looks at the angle created between the tubercle and head and its potential use as an indication of the sex of an individual. This angle, created by …

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Pregnancy And The Relationship To Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Ann Hardin Shaw Jan 2012

Pregnancy And The Relationship To Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Ann Hardin Shaw

LSU Master's Theses

The Macular Study was a case control study that evaluated if parity and other participant characteristics predicted the diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Women, compared to men, are at higher risk for AMD. AMD is one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly population [1]. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) is a long-chain fatty acid that is essential for the structure and function of the eye. During pregnancy the growing fetus depletes the maternal stores of DHA through placental transfer. The fetus needs an ample supply of DHA for proper retinal and central nervous system development. To date …

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Partnership Representation In Public Communications: An Analysis Of Community-Engaged Universities' Websites, Christy Kayser Arrazattee Jan 2012

Partnership Representation In Public Communications: An Analysis Of Community-Engaged Universities' Websites, Christy Kayser Arrazattee

LSU Master's Theses

This study examines the ways in which campus-community partnerships are represented in public communications produced by community-engaged institutions of higher education. Leading scholars of campus-community partnerships and service-learning agree that such relationships should be based on a reciprocal exchange between partners. In public relations endeavors, however, professionals concentrating solely on communicating the university’s achievements may overlook the equal contributions of the community partner. This study analyzed website content and universities publications from six colleges nationally recognized for their community-engagement efforts. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis, web content was analyzed for indicators of reciprocity developed from foundational literature regarding campus-community partnerships. …

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Gis-Based Spatial Analysis Of Place Names In Yunnan, China, Ling Zhang Jan 2012

Gis-Based Spatial Analysis Of Place Names In Yunnan, China, Ling Zhang

LSU Master's Theses

Yunnan, with the largest number of minority languages in China, is labeled as “The Museum of Dialects”. The rich diversity of ethnic groups is reflected in its toponyms (place names). The objectives of this study are to (1) construct a GIS database of toponyms in Yunnan at the prefecture, county and township levels from a comprehensive toponymical dictionary series of China; (2) analyze the spatial distribution of Han, Tibeto-Burman (Zang-Mian) and Kam-Tai (Zhuang-Dong) toponyms and its association with environmental factors; and (3) examine the historical evolution of toponyms. Results show that the study shows that the highest concentrations of Zang-Mian …

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Advice In Troubles Talk Conversations Between Strangers: The Role Of Problem Seriousness And The Impact Of Advice On Helper Supportiveness And The Desire For Future Interactions, Andrea Jean Vickery Jan 2012

Advice In Troubles Talk Conversations Between Strangers: The Role Of Problem Seriousness And The Impact Of Advice On Helper Supportiveness And The Desire For Future Interactions, Andrea Jean Vickery

LSU Master's Theses

In troubles talk conversations, problems are disclosed and discussed. When responding to problem disclosures, advice is one common response where the respondent recommends how to think, feel or act in response to a problem. This thesis focuses on extending our understanding of advice messages, with a main research question focused on determining if advice occurs in initial interactions between strangers. Through an analysis of 125 transcribed conversations, advice was present in 38.4% (n = 44) of the conversations. Advice was offered in response to less serious problems, supporting the first hypothesis. There was no support found for the positive association …

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A Comparison Of Response-Contingent And Noncontingent Pairing In The Conditioning Of A Reinforcer, Sarah Joanne Miller Jan 2012

A Comparison Of Response-Contingent And Noncontingent Pairing In The Conditioning Of A Reinforcer, Sarah Joanne Miller

LSU Master's Theses

Two pairing procedures were compared in the conditioning of a secondary reinforcer. Pairings of a neutral stimulus and primary reinforcer were delivered either contingent upon a participant response or noncontingently (i.e., independent of a participant response). Maintenance of responding when responses resulted in the neutral stimulus alone was compared before and throughout pairing using progressive-ratio probes. Results yielded undifferentiated responding between the contingently-paired and noncontingently-paired stimuli and a stimulus never paired with reinforcement, indicating that no conditioning effect occurred. Potential factors in producing this lack of differentiation are discussed, including differences in methodology between this study and past studies.

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A City And Its River: An Urban Political Ecology Of The Loop And Bridgeport In Chicago, Garrett Charles Wolf Jan 2012

A City And Its River: An Urban Political Ecology Of The Loop And Bridgeport In Chicago, Garrett Charles Wolf

LSU Master's Theses

Today’s urban environment is produced, both physically and perceptually, by a myriad of factors. Through a comparative study of two Chicago neighborhoods along the Chicago River, the Loop and Bridgeport, I construct the network of political, social, and economic factors that create the urban environment of the Chicago River in and along these places. I explore residents’ perception of who controls the production of the urban environment as it relates to the Chicago River, and how the socio-environment is created. In this study, I utilize an urban political ecology approach that recognizes that environments produced simultaneously by social and physical …

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The Occurrence And Effectiveness Of Deinstitutionalization Of The Mentally Ill In The Pre-Antipsychotic Era, Joni Maria Lee Pow Jan 2012

The Occurrence And Effectiveness Of Deinstitutionalization Of The Mentally Ill In The Pre-Antipsychotic Era, Joni Maria Lee Pow

LSU Master's Theses

Deinstitutionalization, as it occurred after the introduction of antipsychotics in 1954 has received much attention. However, little has been done to examine the occurrence and nature of deinstitutionalization before 1954. This study uses US census data on discharge and readmission rates of US mental hospitals from 1935 to 1964 to examine deinstitutionalization during both periods. Data are analyzed using an interrupted time-series model. The model was used to test for statistical significance of trends before and after the advent of antipsychotics, and to test for an effect of antipsychotics on deinstitutionalization. Discharge rates significantly increased in the period before antipsychotics, …

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Juvenile Justice In Louisiana: An Exploratory Study Of Trends Surrounding Juvenile Incarceration, Sabrina Michelle Whitney Jan 2012

Juvenile Justice In Louisiana: An Exploratory Study Of Trends Surrounding Juvenile Incarceration, Sabrina Michelle Whitney

LSU Master's Theses

In the State of Louisiana, one of the major problems surrounding youth is juvenile delinquency. Several studies have been conducted regarding juvenile delinquency, however, actual research pertaining to recidivism among youth offenders who were later incarcerated as an adult vs. those who were not incarcerated as an adult are limited. For this study, chi-square analyses were conducted to analyze the association between six variables and recidivism. The age of first OJJ contact was the only variable that was not statistically significant. Such knowledge is crucial for research and policy formation at the local, state, and national levels for positive progression …

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Phenomenological Theories Of Crime, Peter K. Manning, Michael W. Raphael Jan 2012

Phenomenological Theories Of Crime, Peter K. Manning, Michael W. Raphael

Graduate Student Publications and Research

The distinctive aspect of phenomenological theories of crime is that they are based upon a stated epistemology: how things are known and a specific ontology—the nature of social reality. This specificity aligns itself with neo-Kantian concern with forms of knowing, interpretation, and meaning, as well as with 20th-century concern with perception, cognition, and the framing of events. While there are influences of phenomenological thinking on varieties of theorizing, such as symbolic interactionism, critical theory, queer theory, and gender-based theories of crime, these ideas are refractions and are inconsistent in their reference to and understanding of the foundational phenomenological works. A …

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Modeling Son Preference In Pakistan, Sadia Saeed Jan 2012

Modeling Son Preference In Pakistan, Sadia Saeed

Social Work Dissertations

Gender has become one of the most politicized issues in South Asian countries over the past 100 years. They were expected to cook for the family, clean the house, feed their children, look after all family members, and give birth to a male child. When a woman gave birth to a male child she was considered very respectable in the family. Son preference is one of the oldest issues in most societies, with males given preferential treatment over females. In spite of the rapid advancement in education and communication, the desire for a son continues to remain (NIPS, 1992). Sons …

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Exploring Emerging Advocacy Networks Among Ngos Fighting Female Sex Trade Human Trafficking In Japan, Chie Noyori Corbett Jan 2012

Exploring Emerging Advocacy Networks Among Ngos Fighting Female Sex Trade Human Trafficking In Japan, Chie Noyori Corbett

Social Work Dissertations

This study is an exploratory qualitative research investigating current advocacy networks among NGOs trying to alleviate female sex trade human trafficking (FSTHT) in Japan. The principal objective is to identify the structure, context and process of how advocacy networks are emerging. This study grounds its philosophical belief in constructivism; and constructivist grounded theory inquiry was employed as a research strategy. Data collection was conducted through 9 open-ended telephone or face-to-face interviews, 7 demographic questionnaires through e-mail, direct observation at a conference, and other documentation. The constructivist grounded theory analytical approach guided the analysis stage by observing how participants construct meanings …

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Emerging Adulthood As A Unique Stage In Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory: Incarnation V. Impudence, Alicia Victoria Patterson Jan 2012

Emerging Adulthood As A Unique Stage In Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory: Incarnation V. Impudence, Alicia Victoria Patterson

Social Work Dissertations

This dissertation adds to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development by adding a stage between adolescence and young adulthood called emerging adulthood. It was theorized that the crisis of emerging adulthood, incarnation versus impudence, is resolved through experimental sexuality, temporal and spatial social and intimate relationships, interdependence and self-sufficiency and dependence and helplessness, and relativist and absolutist ideological experimentation. Research on transitions to adulthood and a sociological phenomenon of emerging adulthood, boomerang children, provide the background for study of Eriksonian emerging adulthood. An online questionnaire was created to collect data to determine if the theorized dimensions of emerging adulthood contribute to …

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Accessibility To Public High Schools And School Performance In Metropolitan Baton Rouge, Louisiana 1990-2010, Shaun E. Williams Jan 2012

Accessibility To Public High Schools And School Performance In Metropolitan Baton Rouge, Louisiana 1990-2010, Shaun E. Williams

LSU Master's Theses

Education policies developed to initiate improvements to public school systems across Louisiana often result in a continuation or intensification of salient yet overlooked accessibility challenges. The public high school and its students have been particularly susceptible to these actions which have been sustained for decades within the state despite the increasing awareness of individual and community hardships connected to high school level inadequacies. Beyond isolated district studies or aggregate state reports, limited focus has been placed on student accessibility to public high schools or on responses of students and communities to processes which alter their access to area high schools. …

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Comparison Of The Effects Of Two Oat-Based Cereals On Appetite And Satiety, And The Effect Of A Fat Emulsion Of Appetite, Satiety, Food Intake, And Body Weight, Candida Joan Rebello Jan 2012

Comparison Of The Effects Of Two Oat-Based Cereals On Appetite And Satiety, And The Effect Of A Fat Emulsion Of Appetite, Satiety, Food Intake, And Body Weight, Candida Joan Rebello

LSU Master's Theses

The objective of these studies was to investigate the satiety effects of foods typically consumed as part of a breakfast meal, and a novel fat emulsion designed to stimulate satiety signals. The first study compared the satiety effects of oatmeal with a popular ready-to-eat breakfast cereal (RTEC). The second study assessed the effects of the fat emulsion Olibra¢â, on satiety, food intake, and body weight. Forty-eight healthy individuals, ¡Ã18 years of age were enrolled in a randomized controlled crossover trial. Following an overnight fast, subjects consumed either oatmeal or RTEC in random order at least a week apart. Visual analogue …

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Teenage Waist-Land: Social And Environmental Determinants Of Childhood Obesity, Shing Pang Jan 2012

Teenage Waist-Land: Social And Environmental Determinants Of Childhood Obesity, Shing Pang

Social Work Dissertations

In the past three decades, childhood obesity has emerged as a growing concern for authorities in diverse disciplines. Authorities in law, economics, medicine, nursing, psychiatry, education, and social work have dedicated research and resources in an attempt to arrest or reverse this alarming trend. Guided by existing gaps in contemporary research, this study expanded the knowledge base by examining the social and environmental determinants of childhood obesity for youths aged 13 to 17 year-olds. The social and environmental determinants of this research were guided by the Ecological Systems Theory and Social Capital Theory, and those determinants included academic development, medical …

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Two Maine Forest Pests: A Comparison Of Approaches To Understanding Threats To Hemlock And Ash Trees In Maine, Darren Ranco, Amy Arnett, Erika Latty, Alysa Remsburg, Kathleen Dunckel, Erin Quigley, Rob Lillieholm, John Daigle, Bill Livingston, Jennifer Neptune, Theresa Secord Jan 2012

Two Maine Forest Pests: A Comparison Of Approaches To Understanding Threats To Hemlock And Ash Trees In Maine, Darren Ranco, Amy Arnett, Erika Latty, Alysa Remsburg, Kathleen Dunckel, Erin Quigley, Rob Lillieholm, John Daigle, Bill Livingston, Jennifer Neptune, Theresa Secord

Maine Policy Review

The authors describe two invasive insect forest pests; the hemlock wooly adelgid (HWA) has already arrived in Maine, and the emerald ash borer (EAB) has not yet reached Maine, but will have a devastating effect on the state’s Indian basketmakers when it does arrive. With funding through Maine’s Sustainability Solutions Initiative, teams based at the University of Maine and Unity College are bringing together faculty, students, and stakeholders to better understand the threats that infestations pose to the ecology and economy of the Maine’s forests and to longstanding cultural practices.

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Effect Of Embalming On The Decomposition Of Pigs, Michael Anne Keaton Jan 2012

Effect Of Embalming On The Decomposition Of Pigs, Michael Anne Keaton

LSU Master's Theses

Numerous studies have been conducted on the taphonomy of human remains since the inception of forensic anthropology. Through these studies, the rates of decomposition, animal activity, and insect activity have been investigated in a diverse range of situations. One area where few studies have been carried out concerns embalmed bodies left to decompose in the open. This study considers the effect of embalming fluid on the decomposition rate of bodies. Using the pig as an experimental model, three juvenile specimens were injected with increasing levels of formaldehyde –1%, 5%, and 10%– and a fourth pig, the control, was not embalmed. …

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