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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2012

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Articles 22681 - 22710 of 23316

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

A Companion To Michael Oakeshott, Leslie Marsh, Paul Franco Dec 2011

A Companion To Michael Oakeshott, Leslie Marsh, Paul Franco

Leslie Marsh

Michael Oakeshott has long been recognized as one of the most important political philosophers of the twentieth century, but until now no single volume has been able to examine all the facets of his wide-ranging philosophy with sufficient depth, expertise, and authority. The essays collected here cover all aspects of Oakeshott’s thought, from his theory of knowledge and philosophies of history, religion, art, and education to his reflections on morality, politics, and law. The volume provides an authoritative and synoptic guide to one of the most important philosophers of the twentieth century.

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Genetic Correlations Among Facets Of Type A Behavior And Personality, Andrew Johnson, Julie Schermer, Philip Vernon, Kerry Jang Dec 2011

Genetic Correlations Among Facets Of Type A Behavior And Personality, Andrew Johnson, Julie Schermer, Philip Vernon, Kerry Jang

Andrew M. Johnson

The purpose of this study was to examine the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental relationships between multiple dimensions of Type A behavior and personality. Adult twins (N = 247 pairs) completed a self- report personality measure and a work style questionnaire that measured six facets of Type A behavior: impatience, anger, work involvement, time urgency, job dissatisfaction, and competitiveness. Univariate results suggest that only the job dissatisfaction facet of Type A behavior was explained by non-genetic (environmental) factors. Multivariate results suggest that all of the genetically determined facets of Type A behavior show some correspondence with at least one of the …

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Ethically Conducting The Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning Research, Elizabeth Swenson, Maureen Mccarthy Dec 2011

Ethically Conducting The Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning Research, Elizabeth Swenson, Maureen Mccarthy

Elizabeth V. Swenson

Boyer (1990) first articulated that a scholarship of teaching would be one way to “define the work of faculty in ways that reflect more realistically the full range of academic and civic mandates” (p. 16). Bowden (2007) noted that the “inability to refine the scholarship of teaching across disciplines and institutions suggests the waters have become more turbulent” (p. 2). In response to external pressures, both Boyer and Bowden suggested that conducting scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) research has become (a) increasingly important for assessing effectiveness of teaching and learning and (b) potentially difficult to measure. What do psychology …

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Scarcity, Frontiers And Development, Edward Barbier Dec 2011

Scarcity, Frontiers And Development, Edward Barbier

Edward B Barbier

No abstract provided.

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The Encyclopedia Of Transitional Justice, Nadya Nedelsky Dec 2011

The Encyclopedia Of Transitional Justice, Nadya Nedelsky

Nadya Nedelsky

No abstract provided.

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Safety Within The Vessel Traffic Service (Vts) Domain. Understanding The Role Of The Vts For Safety Within Maritime Traffic Management, Gesa Praetorius Dec 2011

Safety Within The Vessel Traffic Service (Vts) Domain. Understanding The Role Of The Vts For Safety Within Maritime Traffic Management, Gesa Praetorius

Gesa Praetorius

Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) is a shore-sided service implemented to promote the safety of navigation, safety of life at sea, and the protection of the marine environment. Its purpose is to work for safe and fluent traffic movements within a determined area, a VTS area. VTS is provided by VTS operators, skilled experts that provide vessels with information and advice, and work for the overall traffic organisation. Although VTS is regulated on an international level there are differences in how the service is provided in between countries, and even VTS centres. This licentiate thesis focuses on understanding the role of …

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Laboratory Animal Research Ethics: A Practical, Educational Approach., Jennifer Perry, Nancy Dess Dec 2011

Laboratory Animal Research Ethics: A Practical, Educational Approach., Jennifer Perry, Nancy Dess

Nancy K Dess

Engaging in research of any kind is a privilege that carries with it weighty ethical responsibilities and opportunities. Laboratory (“lab”) animal research is a scholarly enterprise that has played an important role in the development of psychology as a science, including the development of its ethical dimensions. Much has been written on the subject, and a thorough review is beyond the scope of this chapter. Here, we articulate a practical, educational approach to the ethical care and use of lab animals in psychology in the United States. The usefulness of our suggestions will vary depending on readers’ prior knowledge, as …

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Employing Critical Reflection In An Online Emergency Services Course, R Maxfield, John Fisher Dec 2011

Employing Critical Reflection In An Online Emergency Services Course, R Maxfield, John Fisher

Dr. John R. Fisher

Non-traditional students in an online course in Homeland Security used the DEAL model of critical reflection to describe (a) what they learned, (b) how they learned it, (c)why it matters, and (d) what they will do with what they learned. Online discussion of readings proved to be the most effective learning technique used in the course because it incorporated reflective practices and allowed application of real-life experiences.

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Super Women Lawyers: A Study Of Character Strenghs, Patricia Snyder Dec 2011

Super Women Lawyers: A Study Of Character Strenghs, Patricia Snyder

Pat Snyder

The legal profession has relatively high rates of depression and career dissatisfaction. It has been suggested that positive psychology, which correlates the greater use of individual character strengths with increased life satisfaction and success, may have the answers. In this study, 17 women lawyers named to a top lawyers list compiled by the Super Lawyers rating service, took the online Brief Strengths Test, a 24-question version of the 240-question online Values in Action – Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS) and 16 participated in interviews probing the extent of their strengths use both personally and professionally. As predicted, the study found that …

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Legal Research Libguide, Mary Wilson Dec 2011

Legal Research Libguide, Mary Wilson

Mary Wilson

A library guide to legal research in the Horace W. Sturgis Library.

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Facet Personality And Surface-Level Diversity As Team Mental Model Antecedents: Implications For Implicit Coordination, David Fisher, Suzanne Bell, Erich Dierdorff, James Belohlav Dec 2011

Facet Personality And Surface-Level Diversity As Team Mental Model Antecedents: Implications For Implicit Coordination, David Fisher, Suzanne Bell, Erich Dierdorff, James Belohlav

Erich C. Dierdorff

Team mental models (TMMs) have received much attention as important drivers of effective team processes and performance. At the same time, much less is known about the factors that give rise to these shared cognitive structures. We examined potential antecedents of TMMs, with a specific focus on team composition variables, including various facets of personality and surface-level diversity. Further, we examined implicit coordination as an important outcome of TMMs. Results suggest that team composition in terms of the cooperation facet of agreeableness and racial diversity were significantly related to team-focused TMM similarity. TMM similarity was also positively predictive of implicit …

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Feeding The School-To-Prison Pipeline: The Convergence Of Neoliberalism, Conservatism, And Penal Populism, Richard Mora, Mary Christianakis Dec 2011

Feeding The School-To-Prison Pipeline: The Convergence Of Neoliberalism, Conservatism, And Penal Populism, Richard Mora, Mary Christianakis

Richard Mora

No abstract provided.

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Can Global Payments For Ecosystem Services Work?, Edward Barbier Dec 2011

Can Global Payments For Ecosystem Services Work?, Edward Barbier

Edward B Barbier

No abstract provided.

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Empirical Implementation Of Nonparametric First-Price Auction Models, Daniel Henderson, John List, Daniel Millimet, Christopher Parmeter, Michael Price Dec 2011

Empirical Implementation Of Nonparametric First-Price Auction Models, Daniel Henderson, John List, Daniel Millimet, Christopher Parmeter, Michael Price

Christopher F. Parmeter

Although these estimators are popular in the literature, many key features necessary for proper implementation have yet to be uncovered. Here we provide several suggestions for nonparametric estimation of first-price auction models. Specifically, we show how to impose monotonicity of the equilibrium bidding strategy; a key property of structural auction models not guaranteed in standard nonparametric estimation. We further develop methods for automatic bandwidth selection. Finally, we discuss how to impose monotonicity in auctions with differing numbers of bidders, reserve prices, and auction-specific characteristics. Finite sample performance is examined using simulated data as well as experimental auction data.

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The Continuing Threat To State Security, James Lutz, Brenda Lutz Dec 2011

The Continuing Threat To State Security, James Lutz, Brenda Lutz

James M Lutz

No abstract provided.

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Falling Through The Cracks: Superfluous Women At The Fault Lines Of Citizenship, Sovereignty, And Human Rights, Emma Norman Dec 2011

Falling Through The Cracks: Superfluous Women At The Fault Lines Of Citizenship, Sovereignty, And Human Rights, Emma Norman

Emma R. Norman

This chapter attempts to cross conceptual borders by exploring some of the political theory that underpins the transforming concept and practice of citizenship in the North American region today—especially as it is articulated for and by women (or not). I consider several challenges to traditional views of citizenship that are being prompted by the transnational, deterritorializing processes associated with globalization. While I argue that such reconceptualizations are being obstructed in practice by reterritorializing processes in North America in the wake of 9/11 and a host of other perceived challenges to state sovereignty, my central concern is that post- or trans-national …

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Human Rights, Revolution, And Reform In The Muslim World, Anthony Chase Dec 2011

Human Rights, Revolution, And Reform In The Muslim World, Anthony Chase

Anthony Chase

The book rejects popular arguments that there is an incompatibility between human rights and the Muslim world and details ways in which human rights have long impacted the Muslim world’s political and social life, with revolutionary potential.

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Unintended Consequences Of Business With 4 Billion: Lessons Learned From First Generation Bop Strategies, Nancy Landrum Dec 2011

Unintended Consequences Of Business With 4 Billion: Lessons Learned From First Generation Bop Strategies, Nancy Landrum

Nancy E Landrum

No abstract provided.

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Relational Self-Construal And The Process Of Forming New Relationships, Shawn Butcher, Jonathan Gore Dec 2011

Relational Self-Construal And The Process Of Forming New Relationships, Shawn Butcher, Jonathan Gore

Jonathan Gore

The present study examined the relationship between relational self-construal and the types of questions and answers that an individual gives upon first meeting another person. We predicted that a participant’s relational self-construal would positively correlate with the amount of relational questions asked and negatively with the amount of superficial questions asked, as well as positively correlating with word count, relational answers, and emotional answers. A negative correlation between participant’s relational self-construal and factual answers was also predicted. One hundred fourteen participants were asked to select 10 questions from a list of questions that would allow them to get to know …

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Weeding With Robots: Managing Collections In An Automated Retrieval System, Patricia Bravender, Robert Kelly, Linda Masselink, Hazel Mcclure Dec 2011

Weeding With Robots: Managing Collections In An Automated Retrieval System, Patricia Bravender, Robert Kelly, Linda Masselink, Hazel Mcclure

Patricia Bravender

Many libraries, because of space and cost constraints, are considering housing collections in automated retrieval systems (ARS). When building an ARS, much deliberation is given and staff hours are spent preparing and loading the collection into the ARS but collection management and weeding processes are often not considered. This article will highlight some of the special challenges of content inventory and weeding in automated retrieval systems. It will provide an overview of the processes used by two university libraries, the problems uncovered and the successes these libraries have enjoyed as the projects have progressed.

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Preliminary Estimate Of Short-Term Economic Losses Of The Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill, Ling Huang, Ussif Sumaila Etc. Dec 2011

Preliminary Estimate Of Short-Term Economic Losses Of The Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill, Ling Huang, Ussif Sumaila Etc.

Ling Huang

No abstract provided.

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Course Syllabus: Harry Potter And International Politics - Identity, Violence And Social Control, Emma Norman Dec 2011

Course Syllabus: Harry Potter And International Politics - Identity, Violence And Social Control, Emma Norman

Emma R. Norman

The themes we draw from J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series are used to illuminate parallels in contemporary world politics and to apprehend in detail some of the key problems that revolve around the three core themes of the course (identity, violence, and social control). How, for instance, does life in Hogwarts help to illuminate the multiple, crosscutting identities produced by globalization? How does the divide between wizards and muggles, or Hermione’s obsession with elvish welfare, serve to illuminate continued discrimination in current liberal democracies and do these narratives help to widen our options when it comes to minimizing it? What …

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From Unprocessed Unknowns To Digital Diffusion: Uncovering Grey Literature At The Center For The History Of Psychology, Jodi Kearns, Cathy Faye, Lynn Willis Dec 2011

From Unprocessed Unknowns To Digital Diffusion: Uncovering Grey Literature At The Center For The History Of Psychology, Jodi Kearns, Cathy Faye, Lynn Willis

Jodi Kearns, PhD

The Center for the History of Psychology (CHP) at The University of Akron is home to a special collection of grey literature that documents the history of psychology and related human sciences. The collection is comprised of around 4000 paper-and-pencil achievement and diagnostic tests; 15,000 organizational newsletters, white papers, conference programs, conference proceedings, and membership directories; and 8,000 US military technical reports. Historians have much to glean from these collections. The test collections document more than 100 years of changing practices in the measurement of aptitudes, personality, abilities, and preferences. The collection of military documents details the long and sometimes …

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Bringing Equity To Transitoriented Development: Stations, Systems, And Regional Resilience, Rolf Pendall, Juliet Gainsborough, Kate Lowe, Mai Nguyen Dec 2011

Bringing Equity To Transitoriented Development: Stations, Systems, And Regional Resilience, Rolf Pendall, Juliet Gainsborough, Kate Lowe, Mai Nguyen

Kate Lowe, PhD

No abstract provided.

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Rebel Viewers: #Nbcfail And The Decline (And Rise) Of The Shared Olympic Media Event, Christopher Finlay Dec 2011

Rebel Viewers: #Nbcfail And The Decline (And Rise) Of The Shared Olympic Media Event, Christopher Finlay

Christopher Finlay

No abstract provided.

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Note-Worthy Productivity Tools For Personal Knowledge Management, Crystal Renfro, Mary Axford Dec 2011

Note-Worthy Productivity Tools For Personal Knowledge Management, Crystal Renfro, Mary Axford

Crystal L Renfro

This article traces the evolution of knowledge management and delves into practical ways that notebook products can be used to enhance time management and workplace productivity for librarians.

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A Significant Component Of Ageing (Dna Damage) Is Reflected In Fading Breeding Colors: An Experimental Test Using Innate Antioxidant Mimetics In Painted Dragon Lizards, Mats Olsson, Michael Tobler, Mo Healey, Cecile Perrin, Mark Wilson Dec 2011

A Significant Component Of Ageing (Dna Damage) Is Reflected In Fading Breeding Colors: An Experimental Test Using Innate Antioxidant Mimetics In Painted Dragon Lizards, Mats Olsson, Michael Tobler, Mo Healey, Cecile Perrin, Mark Wilson

Mark R Wilson

A decade ahead of their time, von Schantz et al. united sexual selection and free radical biology by identifying causal links between deep-rooted physiological processes that dictate resistance to toxic waste from oxidative metabolism (reactive oxygen species, ROS), and phenotypic traits, such as ornaments.Ten years later, these ideas have still only been tested with indirect estimates of free radical levels (oxidative stress) subsequent to the action of innate and dietary antioxidants. Here, we measure net superoxide (a selection pressure for antioxidant production) and experimentally manipulate superoxide antioxidation using a synthetic mimetic of superoxide dismutase (SOD), Eukarion 134 (EUK). We then …

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Network Leadership: An Emerging Practice, Christopher Tremblay, Ed.D Dec 2011

Network Leadership: An Emerging Practice, Christopher Tremblay, Ed.D

Christopher W Tremblay, Ed.D

No abstract provided.

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Regional Approaches To Statebuilding Ii: The African Union And Ecowas, Emmanuel Aning, Naila Salihu Dec 2011

Regional Approaches To Statebuilding Ii: The African Union And Ecowas, Emmanuel Aning, Naila Salihu

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

This chapter discusses statebuilding within the context of post-conflict reconstruction and development in Africa. It outlines the policies and practices of, first, the African Union (AU) and then the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), and explores how these are implemented in fields of political governance, security sector reform, economic reform, and social justice. These areas are crucial to any effective or comprehensive statebuilding process; if they are not adequately addressed, there is a risk of the country concerned reverting to conflict. Both the AU and ECOWAS can be commended for putting in place policy frameworks for promoting statebuilding …

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Amyloid-Β Oligomers Are Sequestered By Both Intracellular And Extracellular Chaperones, P Narayan, Sarah Meehan, John Carver, Mark Wilson, C M Dobson, D Klenerman Dec 2011

Amyloid-Β Oligomers Are Sequestered By Both Intracellular And Extracellular Chaperones, P Narayan, Sarah Meehan, John Carver, Mark Wilson, C M Dobson, D Klenerman

Mark R Wilson

The aberrant aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide into β-sheet rich, fibrillar structures proceeds via a heterogeneous ensemble of oligomeric intermediates that have been associated with neurotoxicity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Of particular interest in this context are the mechanisms by which molecular chaperones, part of the primary biological defenses against protein misfolding, influence Aβ aggregation. We have used single-molecule fluorescence techniques to compare the interactions between distinct aggregation states (monomers, oligomers, and amyloid fibrils) of the AD-associated amyloid-β(1–40) peptide, and two molecular chaperones, both of which are upregulated in the brains of patients with AD and have been found colocalized …

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