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2013

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Articles 21481 - 21510 of 24842

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Rally Around The Flag Effect: A Look At Former President George W. Bush And Current President Barack Obama, Jocelyn E. Norman Jan 2013

The Rally Around The Flag Effect: A Look At Former President George W. Bush And Current President Barack Obama, Jocelyn E. Norman

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

The purpose of my research is to look at how the “rally-round-the-flat effect” affected both former President George W. Bush and current President Barrack Obama and uncover why Obama only benefited from the “rally-round-the-flag effect” once, even though he has dealt with numerous international crises. This research is valuable because it will illustrate how the rally effect affects different presidents and uncover the outside factors that caused Obama’s approval ratings to remain stagnant during time of international crisis. In addition, it will hopefully disprove the notion that crisis or war automatically increases the popularity of a President.

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Guide To The New Agenda: Northeast Records, 1977-Current, Orson Kingsley Jan 2013

Guide To The New Agenda: Northeast Records, 1977-Current, Orson Kingsley

Archives & Special Collections Finding Aids

The New Agenda: Northeast was co-founded in the Spring of 1987 by Mary Lydon, President of the Massachusetts Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance; Mary Pratt, Past Vice President of the Division for Girls’ and Women’s Sport for the Massachusetts Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance; and Mark Colon, Education Director for the New England Sports Museum. It was based upon the national New Agenda, established in 1984 through the efforts and leadership of the National Association for Girls and Women in Sport, an Association of the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance. …

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Testing Misconceptions And Building Excitement In A Psychology And The Law Course, Emily Stark Jan 2013

Testing Misconceptions And Building Excitement In A Psychology And The Law Course, Emily Stark

Psychology Department Publications

Did you know that there is no evidence that verifies that each person's fingerprints are truly unique, or that even trained dental examiners cannot accurately match bite marks to the teeth of a suspect? Thinking about our misconceptions can make us excited to learn more about a topic, so that we understand why we were wrong. This article discusses a method that I developed to address misconceptions about psychology and the legal system and to get students excited to learn more about these topics.

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School Psychology Crossroads In America: Discrepancies Between Actual And Preferred Discrete Practices And Barriers To Preferred Practice, Kevin J. Filter, Sara Ann Ebsen, Rebecca Dibos Jan 2013

School Psychology Crossroads In America: Discrepancies Between Actual And Preferred Discrete Practices And Barriers To Preferred Practice, Kevin J. Filter, Sara Ann Ebsen, Rebecca Dibos

Psychology Department Publications

A nationally representative sample of American school psychology practitioners were surveyed to analyze discrepancies that they experience between their actual discrete practices and their preferred discrete practices relative to several domains of practice including assessment, intervention, meetings, and continuing education. Discrepancies were also analyzed relative to service delivery in three levels of prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary). Results indicate that practicing school psychologists experience significant discrepancies between actual and preferred practices in all discrete practices, with the largest discrepancies by hours noted in the discrete practices of report writing, prevention screening, CBA/CBM administration, IQ testing, and conducting research. Respondents also …

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The Multi-State Learning Collaborative Storyboards: Quality Improvement Lessons Learned From 162 Projects, Leslie M. Beitsch, Anooj Pattnaik, Kusuma Madamala Jan 2013

The Multi-State Learning Collaborative Storyboards: Quality Improvement Lessons Learned From 162 Projects, Leslie M. Beitsch, Anooj Pattnaik, Kusuma Madamala

Florida Public Health Review

The Multi-state Learning Collaborative (MLC) brought health departments in 16 states together with public health system partners to prepare for national voluntary accreditation and to implement quality-improvement (QI) practices. Data from each of the MLC participating states were collected through a comprehensive process over three years. An Excel database of several hundred pages was derived, categorized by individual target area, and organized into thematic domains for further study. Available data were culled and compiled for each MLC project and synthesized across MLC target areas. Two-hundred thirty-four health departments participated in 162 mini-collaboratives in nine of ten target areas. Public health …

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Retiree Out-Of-Pocket Healthcare Spending: A Study Of Consumer Expectations And Policy Implications, Allison K. Hoffman, Howell E. Jackson Jan 2013

Retiree Out-Of-Pocket Healthcare Spending: A Study Of Consumer Expectations And Policy Implications, Allison K. Hoffman, Howell E. Jackson

All Faculty Scholarship

Even though most American retirees benefit from Medicare coverage, a mounting body of research predicts that many will face large and increasing out-of-pocket expenditures for healthcare costs in retirement and that many already struggle to finance these costs. It is unclear, however, whether the general population understands the likely magnitude of these out-of-pocket expenditures well enough to plan for them effectively. This study is the first comprehensive examination of Americans’ expectations regarding their out-of-pocket spending on healthcare in retirement. We surveyed over 1700 near retirees and retirees to assess their expectations regarding their own spending and then compared their responses …

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Poor Face A Public Policy Challenge: A Commentary, Roy W. Bahl Jan 2013

Poor Face A Public Policy Challenge: A Commentary, Roy W. Bahl

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

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An International Perspective On The Determinants Of Local Government Fragmentation, Juan Luis Gomez-Reino, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez Jan 2013

An International Perspective On The Determinants Of Local Government Fragmentation, Juan Luis Gomez-Reino, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

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Coping With Rising Inequality In Asia: How Effective Are Fiscal Policies, Iris Claus, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Violeta Vulovic Jan 2013

Coping With Rising Inequality In Asia: How Effective Are Fiscal Policies, Iris Claus, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Violeta Vulovic

ECON Publications

This paper discusses the role and effectiveness of redistributive fiscal policies and provides estimates of the effects of taxation and government expenditure on income inequality in Asia. Tax systems around the world tend to be progressive, but government expenditure is generally found to be a more effective tool for redistributing income. In Asia, government spending on social protection has a distinctive differential distributive impact. Social protection spending appears to increase income inequality in Asia, whereas it reduces it in the rest of the world. Government expenditure on housing is also adversely affecting the distribution of income in Asia. Policy options …

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Do Companies View Bribes As A Tax? Evidence On The Tradeoff Between Corporate Taxes And Corruption In The Location Of Fdi, Timothy Goodspeed, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Li Zhang Jan 2013

Do Companies View Bribes As A Tax? Evidence On The Tradeoff Between Corporate Taxes And Corruption In The Location Of Fdi, Timothy Goodspeed, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Li Zhang

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

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Measuring The Extent Of Fiscal Decentralisation: An Application To The United States, Yongzheng Liu, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Andrey Timofeev Jan 2013

Measuring The Extent Of Fiscal Decentralisation: An Application To The United States, Yongzheng Liu, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Andrey Timofeev

ECON Publications

The goal of this chapter is to develop a taxonomy of decentralisation measures and how they are related to each other. In addition to introducing a common language for the different strands of literature, this taxonomy is instrumental for studying the outcomes of decentralisation. Using cross-state data from the United States, we show that aggregating distinct dimensions of fiscal decentralisation into a single indicator inevitably leads to a loss of information in the form of lower explanatory power. We conclude that the distinct aspects of decentralisation should enter regression analyses separately, in the most flexible functional form possible. In particular, …

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Heuristics: Bias Vs. Smart Instrument. An Exploration Of The Hot Hand, Jehangir Cooper Jan 2013

Heuristics: Bias Vs. Smart Instrument. An Exploration Of The Hot Hand, Jehangir Cooper

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Classical perspectives on judgment and rationality view heuristics as erroneous, leading to suboptimal judgments. Conversely, ecological perspectives view heuristics as smart mechanisms that result in good judgments in the face of uncertainty. Our research focused on the hot hand heuristic and examined it using non-linear analysis methods. This research attempted to answer two questions. The first question concerned the applicability of frequency analysis methods for detecting constraints (such as the hot hand) or structure in a time series of binary data, which we attempted to investigate through Monte Carlo simulations. We found that this method was sensitive enough to detect …

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The Influence Of Perspective And Communicative Goals On How Speakers Choose To Refer, Daniel J. Grodner, R. M. Adler Jan 2013

The Influence Of Perspective And Communicative Goals On How Speakers Choose To Refer, Daniel J. Grodner, R. M. Adler

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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The Little Brother Syndrome And Nuclear Proliferation, An Exploratory Analysis Of Pakistan And North Korea's Risk Prone Policies, Richard Ellis Hebblethwaite Jan 2013

The Little Brother Syndrome And Nuclear Proliferation, An Exploratory Analysis Of Pakistan And North Korea's Risk Prone Policies, Richard Ellis Hebblethwaite

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The successful pursuit of nuclear weapons technology by Pakistani and North Korean leaders has fundamentally shifted the post war nuclear paradigm that established the monopoly of five nuclear powers over nuclear weapons and supplies of fissile materials under the Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT). How does one explain the daring nuclear pursuit of Pakistan and North Korea and their success in achieving this capability? Numerous theories have tried to explain both the rationale and the causal factor(s) for nuclear proliferation and specifically nuclear arms. While realism and neo-realism concentrate on the fear of the unknown; i.e., the international system and military power …

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Democratic Peace Theory As Applied To Europe And The Middle East, Patrick G. Rear Jan 2013

Democratic Peace Theory As Applied To Europe And The Middle East, Patrick G. Rear

Global Tides

Peace has been the goal of many leaders throughout history, and recent democratic movements in the Middle East have made the first steps toward a democratic peace in the region. This paper compares the European experience of Germany and France in the transition to democracy with the recent developments in the Middle East through November 2012. The impact of democratic revolution in Egypt is compared with the government established in Iraq following the U.S. invasion. Already, notable changes can be seen in the bilateral relations between Egypt and Israel, and between Iraq and Iran, which this paper attempts to evaluate …

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The Impact Of Group Personality Characteristics On Group Decision-Making, Kevin Shawn Bottomley Jan 2013

The Impact Of Group Personality Characteristics On Group Decision-Making, Kevin Shawn Bottomley

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine (1) how group information sharing impact group decision effectiveness, (2) how group personality composition impact group information sharing, and (3) how group personality composition impact group decision effectiveness. The data collected was FIRO-B® scores on the expressed scale, group information sharing data as measured by the Process and Issues Questionnaire (PIQ), and group decision effectiveness data as measured by the PIQ. Correlation analysis were performed to analyze the group psychological characteristics (H2, H3, & H4,) based on an index created for each group where the data …

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Understanding The Behavior And Attitude Of Professional Athletes In Saudi Arabia Toward Dietary Supplements, Sulaiman O. Aljaloud Jan 2013

Understanding The Behavior And Attitude Of Professional Athletes In Saudi Arabia Toward Dietary Supplements, Sulaiman O. Aljaloud

Dissertations

A dietary supplement is defined as a product taken orally that contains a "dietary ingredient" (vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, enzymes, etc.), and is intended to supplement one's diet. Dietary supplements include plant extracts and concentrates from foods. Supplements help provide required nutrients to fulfill nutritional levels for daily training or competitive performance, and can help remedy nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, it is important that sports professionals have a thorough knowledge of these supplement products. However, athletes need to be informed about the use and possible benefits, side effects, and risks associated with the use of dietary supplements. Four objectives guided …

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Planning A Reading And Discussion Series In An Academic Library, Rebecca Arzola Jan 2013

Planning A Reading And Discussion Series In An Academic Library, Rebecca Arzola

Publications and Research

Planning a reading series for an academic library takes an initial investment of time, energy and attention to detail. When you consider all the elements involved with planning and executing a reading, the initial investment of time and effort to devise a smoothly run event series is well worth the results. It can be as creative a venture as you have time for. Do what is comfortable for you

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The Role Of World Knowledge And Episodic Memory In Scripted Narratives, Micah L. Mumper Jan 2013

The Role Of World Knowledge And Episodic Memory In Scripted Narratives, Micah L. Mumper

Psychology Honors Projects

Readers recruit information from both general world knowledge and episodic memory during reading comprehension. The present experiment used eye tracking to investigate the time-course of how these two sources of memory interact. Participants read passages describing scenarios in which an actor performs a role that was either scriptually appropriate or inappropriate. Half the passages containing the inappropriate role-filler were preceded by an episodic justification for this scriptural violation. Using the same paradigm, Cook and Myers (2004) found context had an early influence on the integration of the role-filler, but world knowledge showed a later effect in the post-target region. The …

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Resilience Education, Jane Gillham, R. M. Abenavoli, S. M. Brunwasser, M. Linkins, K. J. Reivich, M. E. P. Seligman Jan 2013

Resilience Education, Jane Gillham, R. M. Abenavoli, S. M. Brunwasser, M. Linkins, K. J. Reivich, M. E. P. Seligman

Psychology Faculty Works

As a primary learning and social environment for most children, schools have tremendous potential to, and responsibility for, promoting resilience and well-being in children. This chapter reviews the rationale for focusing on resilience in education and illustrates some of the ways that schools can promote resilience in young people. Although resilience education can also encompass academic or educational resilience, the authors focus primarily on the power of schools to promote students’ social and emotional well-being and provide examples from their team’s work on school-based resilience and positive psychology interventions. As they hope to show, resilience education holds great promise in …

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Short Communication: Powerless And Jobless? Comparing The Effects Of Powerless Speech And Speech Disorders On An Applicant’S Employability, Christian M. End, Katherine Saunders Jan 2013

Short Communication: Powerless And Jobless? Comparing The Effects Of Powerless Speech And Speech Disorders On An Applicant’S Employability, Christian M. End, Katherine Saunders

Faculty Scholarship

The present study examines the impact of a speech disorder (a lateral lisp) and powerless speech on an applicant’s hireability. College students (N = 113) reviewed an applicant’s resume, as well as a description of two occupations/job openings that varied in regard to necessitating speech. Participants listened to one of three interviews (speech disorder vs. powerless speech vs. control), indicated their willingness to hire the applicant, and then completed hire-ability and employability scales for both positions, as well as an impressions ratings form. Contrary to the hypotheses, few differences between the “employers” responses to the control and speech disorder applicants …

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Rebranding Greece: Why Nation Branding Matters, Sofia Bisa Jan 2013

Rebranding Greece: Why Nation Branding Matters, Sofia Bisa

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

Nation branding is an emerging concept with increased practical activity but fairly limited theory. Politicians engage actively in branding practices for their countries. Why do governments utilize certain branding strategies and ignore others? How have politicians come to perceive nation branding as a successful foreign policy strategy? This article seeks to examine the political aspect of nation branding and clarify the concept as a subset of international relations, and more specifically, its connection to public diplomacy. Finally, the article analyzes the case of Greece and the current branding campaign pursued by its government. What has Greece done in the past …

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Dancing In Davos: Combining Private Sector, Government, And Rising Nonstate Actors, Siyu Li Jan 2013

Dancing In Davos: Combining Private Sector, Government, And Rising Nonstate Actors, Siyu Li

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

Nonstate actors, nongovernmental organizations, and diaspora communities are forming connections across national borders. These actors insert themselves into a wide range of decision-making processes, but it is unclear how states and international institutions enable or constrain transnational participation. This paper analyzes the existing partnership among nonstate actors, sovereign states, and the private sector. It discusses the World Economic Forum (WEF) and its annual meetings in Davos, Switzerland, and examines its ability to serve as a platform to combine the three different international actors and deal with global issues. By combining the three forces— sovereign states, private sector and the transnational …

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National Image Of South Korea: Implications For Public Diplomacy, Dennis F. Kinsey, Myojung Chung Jan 2013

National Image Of South Korea: Implications For Public Diplomacy, Dennis F. Kinsey, Myojung Chung

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

This study explores the national image of South Korea by employing Q methodology. A structured Q sample of 36 photos representing (1) culture, (2) history, (3) economy, (4) people, (5) place, and (6) political system of Korea was sorted by 30 participants (10 Koreans, 10 Korean-Americans, and 10 non-Koreans) from (-4) “most uncharacteristic of Korea” to (+4) “most characteristic of Korea.” Two factors emerged from the subsequent correlation and factor analysis of the 30 Q sorts representing distinct views of Korea: (A) Advanced economy and technology and (B) historical view emphasizing the political system. Factor A participants associated the images …

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Modeling Global Citizenship As A Learning Process, Ryan Williams Jan 2013

Modeling Global Citizenship As A Learning Process, Ryan Williams

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

In an era of increasing globalization, Millennials are venturing abroad in record numbers. This paper is the result of a focus group conducted with students in Syracuse University’s Public Diplomacy Program. It explores the impact of international experience on students’ worldview and conceptualizations of citizenship. The end of the paper presents a model of citizenship as a learning process. It delves into notions of personal responsibility mobilized by new life experiences, growing awareness of self, others, critical reflection, and evolving identity. It provides some insight into the way graduate students of public diplomacy conceive of themselves and their role in …

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Playing Politics With Rape: Republican Apologia In The 2012 Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization, Kelsey Deforest Jan 2013

Playing Politics With Rape: Republican Apologia In The 2012 Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization, Kelsey Deforest

Undergraduate Research Awards

"During the second half of 2012, heightened scrutiny was applied to Republican politicians’ discussion of sexual assault. This wave of interrogation, though, began too late to affect the debates over the 2012 Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization. This paper will problematize these debates by analyzing the rhetoric of self-defense used by Republican legislators in the House of Representatives to defend their VAWA Reauthorization bill. By applying a feminist critical discourse analysis to the final VAWA Reauthorization debate held on May 16, 2012, this paper shows that the actions of the Republican legislators are rooted in a desire to protect the …

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A Census Of The Us Near-Roadway Population: Public Health And Environmental Justice Considerations, Gregory Rowangould Jan 2013

A Census Of The Us Near-Roadway Population: Public Health And Environmental Justice Considerations, Gregory Rowangould

University of Vermont Transportation Research Center

This study estimates the size and distribution of the population living near high volume roads in the US, investigates race and income disparities in these near roadway populations, and considers the coverage of the national ambient air quality monitoring network. Every US census block is classified by traffic density and proximity to roads falling within several traffic volume ranges using year 2008 traffic data and the 2010 and 2000 US Census. The results indicate that 19% of the population lives near high volume roads. Nationally, greater traffic volume and density are associated with larger shares of non-white residents and lower …

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Informal The New Normal, Dick Kawooya Jan 2013

Informal The New Normal, Dick Kawooya

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Ethical Implications Of Intellectual Property In Africa, Dick Kawooya Jan 2013

Ethical Implications Of Intellectual Property In Africa, Dick Kawooya

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Guilty Or Not Guilty: Can Dna Help Prove Guilt Or Innocence?, Suzanne Eckstein Jan 2013

Guilty Or Not Guilty: Can Dna Help Prove Guilt Or Innocence?, Suzanne Eckstein

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Throughout our history, science was always on the front lines for discovery and exploration. Science is used as an investigative tool by the human race to figure out all the mysteries of the universe. The discovery of DNA was tremendous, providing each human being with their own unique genetic identity - no longer would an individual be genetically confused with another. DNA fingerprinting, in particular, has changed the world. In the 1980's the legal system began using DNA fingerprinting to help establish the guilt of an indicted criminal. DNA (besides for fingerprints) is the only way to confirm scientifically if …

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