Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Modeling Moral Dilemma Judgment, Armando F. Rocha, Fábio T. Rocha, Eduardo Massad

Armando F Rocha

Moral dilemma judgment has been extensively studied by neurosciences and much is now known about the cerebral dynamics supporting this kind of reasoning. Neuroeconomics has provided some interesting hypothesis for modeling decision making. The present paper aims to test if dilemma judgment may be formalized by this kind of modeling. In addition, fMRI and electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have shown that dilemma judgment involves benefit and risk analysis supported by specific neural systems. Because of this, the EEG was recorded while volunteers were judging moral dilemma in order to provide additional information to test the proposed hypothesis. Present experimental and simulated …

Vehicle Lifetime Trends And Scrappage Behavior In The Used Car Market, Antonio Bento, Kevin Roth, Scarlett Zhou

Antonio M. Bento

No abstract provided.

The "Rich Bitch": Class And Gender On The Real Housewives Of New York City, Michael J. Lee

Michael J Lee

This project offers the opportunity to examine the ways in which normative conceptions of class and gender cohere to produce an archetypal, trans-historical villain, what we term “the rich bitch.” In this essay, we employ the concept of irony to analyze how Bravo'sThe Real Housewives of New York Citycreates rich women as objects of cultural derision, well-heeled jesters in a populist court. The show primes its savvy, upscale audience to judge the extravagance of female scapegoats harshly in tough economic times. The housewives' class and gender flops are inter-related on the show. The lure of class status produces inconsiderate mothers. …

Inteligencia Emocional Percibida Y Rendimiento Académico En Estudiantes De Bachillerato, Norma A. Ruvalcaba R., Julia Gallegos G

Norma A. Ruvalcaba Romero

No abstract provided.

Democratic Solidarity: Rethinking Democracy Promotion In The New Middle East, Huss Banai

Huss Banai

No abstract provided.

New Views Of Information, Jenna Hartel, Jens-Erik Mai, Pamela Mckenzie, Michael Ollson

Jenna Hartel

For a century "information" has been theorized and defined by information scientists and yet its nature remains obscure and highly contested. This alternative event provides "new views" -- actual images -- of information that have emerged from an empirical research project. Employing a visual data-gathering method known as the draw-and-write technique, 137 research participants were asked “What is information?” and responded by drawing upon a 4" by 4" piece of paper, coined an information square or iSquare, for short. The drawings of information were analyzed using compositional and thematic analysis techniques adapted from precedent visual studies. The results of the …

Populism, Cas Mudde, Cristobal Rovira Kaltwasser

Cas Mudde

No abstract provided.

Exclusionary Vs. Inclusionary Populism: Comparing The Contemporary Europe And Latin America, Cas Mudde, Cristobal Rovira Kaltwasser

Cas Mudde

Although there is a lively academic debate about contemporary populism in Europe and Latin America, almost no cross-regional research exists on this topic. This article aims to fill this gap by showing that a minimal and ideological definition of populism permits us to analyse current expressions of populism in both regions. Moreover, based on a comparison of four prototypical cases (FN/Le Pen and FPÖ/Haider in Europe and PSUV/Chávez and MAS/Morales in Latin America), we show that it is possible to identify two regional subtypes of populism: exclusionary populism in Europe and inclusionary populism in Latin America.

Nomination: Arguments In Favour Of "Globalization And The Transformation Of The National Political Space, Cas Mudde

Cas Mudde

No abstract provided.

Three Decades Of Populist Radical Right Parties In Western Europe: So What?, Cas Mudde

Cas Mudde

The populist radical right constitutes the most successful party family in postwar Western Europe. Many accounts in both academia and the media warn of the growing influence of populist radical right parties (PRRPs), the so-called ‘verrechtsing’ (or right turn) of European politics, but few provide empirical evidence of it. This lecture provides a first comprehensive analysis of the alleged effects of the populist radical right on the people, parties, policies and polities of Western Europe. The conclusions are sobering. The effects are largely limited to the broader immigration issue, and even here PRRPs should be seen as catalysts rather than …

The Cognitive Play Behavior Affordances Of Natural And Manufactured Elements Within Outdoor Preschool Settings, Zahra Zamani, Robin Moore

Zahra Zamani

Considering the significance of natural environments for children’s mental and physical development, outdoor preschool settings can be critical resources in providing chances for daily contact with nature. Based on Gibson, affordances are functional properties of the environment that suggest specific behavioral options to individuals. Through the application of affordance theory, this study aimed to explore how the physical environment features of two outdoor learning environments composed of a variety of manufactured and natural settings, can afford cognitive play behavior of children. Additionally, the research intended to extend knowledge relating to the association of naturally designed outdoor preschool settings and children’s …

Association Of Children's Perceived Access And Sense Of Affinity And Stewardship Towards Nature Within Tehran's Schoolyards., Zahra Zamani

Zahra Zamani

Interacting with natural environments during childhood can impact children’s mental and physical well being. Comprehending children’s environmental orientation is a significant topic as their chance for contact with nature is decreasing. In this research, natural environments are considered as spaces that incorporate a variety of trees and vegetation that are free of human control, or part of human’s manipulation (such as in zoo, park, gardens, etc.). However, urbanized conditions and lifestyles have limited children’s daily contact opportunities with natural environments. This disconnection with nature is defined as “natural deficit disorder” (Louv, 2005), which can impact children’s knowledge, environmental orientation and …

Comparison Of Physical Activity Behavior Affordances Of Natural And Manufactured Elements In Preschool's Outdoor Playground Settings, Zahra Zamani

Zahra Zamani

Interacting with natural environments during childhood can impact children’s mental and physical well being. Comprehending children’s environmental orientation is a significant topic as their chance for contact with nature is decreasing. In this research, natural environments are considered as spaces that incorporate a variety of trees and vegetation that are free of human control, or part of human’s manipulation (such as in zoo, park, gardens, etc.). Read more...

Voices In The Beyond: Judicial Psychology And Citizens United, Kirby Farrell

kirby farrell

Abstract: A psychological analysis of the Supreme Court’s controversial Citizens United decision finds the concept of agency or personhood conflicted in its use by the majority. Some conservative justices in this and some other decisions, including Voting Rights enforcement (2006) and death penalty jurisprudence, have positioned authority and the voices of affected “persons” in the beyond: that is, in an abstract or metaphysical zone wherein reasoning cannot follow or be held responsible.

A Community Of Curiosity: The New Ola Library Assessment Round Table, Rick A. Stoddart

Rick A Stoddart

In February of 2013, the Oregon Library Association Executive Board approved the formation of the OLA Library Assessment Round Table (LART). This is an important first step in helping Oregon libraries continue to demonstrate impact and value to the communities they serve. As one OLA member noted in supporting the formation of this new round table, “assessment is becoming a critical component of our culture, people want to see the value of the investments they make, and assessment is one means through which people can see that.” A library assessment round table will provide a forum for Oregon librarians to …

Can Pollution Tax Rebates Protect Low-Wage Earners?, Don Fullerton, Holly Monti

Don Fullerton

Pollution taxes are believed to burden low-income households that spend a greater than average share of income on pollution-intensive goods. Some proposals offset that effect by returning revenue to low-income workers via reduced labor tax. We build analytical general equilibrium models with both high-skilled and low-skilled labor, and we solve for the change in real net wage of each group. A decomposition shows the separate effects of the tax rebate, higher product prices, and the changes in relative wage rates. We also include numerical examples. Even though the pollution tax injures both types of labor, in most cases we find …

Introduction, Don Fullerton, Mark Cohen, Robert Topel

Don Fullerton

We introduce and summarize the ten chapters of the 2013 book we edited called "Distributional Aspects of Energy and Climate Policies". In particular, the chapters examine policies that would “price” carbon emissions or otherwise seek to mitigate anthropogenic climate change. We interpret “distributional” fairly broadly, to include impacts of pending or possible legislation on the living standards of households across the U.S. income distribution and across geographic areas, as well as international differences in the costs and benefits of climate policies that would affect countries’ willingness to participate in harmonized international agreements.

Vita, Howard J. Sherman

HOWARD J SHERMAN

Full vita for Howard J. Sherman. Many of the articles and books are also listed in this selectedworks site, and more metadata and full content will be added soon.

Walking Away From A Low-Carbon Economy?, Luis Mundaca, Anil Markandya, Jørgen Nørgaard

Luis Mundaca

Using the latest available data, this brief article attempts to provide the first regional decomposition analysis of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. Covering eight regions of the world, determinants are estimated in relative and absolute terms for the period 1971-2010. We take the 2010 global surge in CO2 emissions as an entry point for the analysis. Overall, results show that most regions have recently performed worse than their historical trends and lack of meaningful progress is identified. Whereas specific drivers for certain regions suggest some level of continuous improvement (e.g. reduced energy intensity in Asia), they are incapable of offsetting …

Indigenous Knowledge And Climate Change In Australia, Michael Adams

Michael Adams

No abstract provided.

'Redneck, Barbaric, Cashed Up Bogan? I Don't Think So': Hunting And Nature In Australia, Michael Adams

Michael Adams

No abstract provided.

A New Social Physic: The Sociology Of Gabriel Tarde And Its Legacy, Sergio Tonkonoff

Sergio Tonkonoff

This article aims to present a reconstruction of Gabriel Tarde’s micro-sociology in order to highlight its current relevance. The author of the article attempts to show that its distinction lies in taking the immense diversity of small social interactions as a starting point for the analysis of both face-to-face situations and large-scale institutions and social processes. Here the social field is described as made up of multiple propagations of desires and beliefs that spread from one individual to other, taking countless directions, interfering with each other, forming networks, and escaping them in search of new connections. The author attempts to …

"Calling" And Career Decison Making, Javier Agudo

Javier Agudo

The issue of calling is of special relevance nowadays. Hunter et al (2010) have noted that the time frame between adolescence and “adulthood” is getting longer. Young adults wait longer to get married and this gives them more time to think about their desired occupation. Additionally, globalization and new technologies are allowing a greater independence between individuals and organisations. Autonomous work and job switching are becoming more frequent, which implies more transitional self-exploratory periods (Hall & Chandler, 2005).

Pragmatic Abilities In Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Follow-Up Study, Jessica Devilliers, Brooke Myers, Robert J. Stainton

Robert J. Stainton

Our guiding question, here and in two prior papers, is: Are some pragmatic tasks more difficult than others for people diagnosed with ASDs? For instance, it has been tentatively suggested by Happé (1995) that understanding irony is more difficult for ASD speakers than understanding metaphor is. Or again, our 2007 paper urged, on the basis of corpus examples, that while speakers with ASDs show difficulties with “figurative language” generally – metaphor, irony, conversational implicature (Dennis et al. 2001; Gold et al. 2010; Happé 1995; MacKay & Shaw, 2004) – they are relatively proficient with pragmatic determinants of literal speech act …

Predictors Of Employment Growth And Unemployment In U.S. Central Cities, 1990-2010, Laura Wolf-Powers

Laura Wolf-Powers

This paper, refereed and published by the W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Policy, considers employment growth and unemployment from 1990-2010 in a cross-section of cities in light of practical tools that city governments have at their disposal to provide relief. In particular, I test educational attainment (both initial levels and growth over time) and public capital investment as influences on job growth and changes in unemployment rates in 83 central cities in the United States. Change in educational attainment over time is suggestive of causing higher job growth and lower unemployment. The implication is that initiatives to attract and retain …

Economic Development: Resolving The Parallel Universe Dilemma, Laura Wolf-Powers

Laura Wolf-Powers

New York City’s stunning economic development progress in recent years coexists with severe poverty and with the

chronic disconnection of thousands of residents from the formal economy. While local government is constrained in trying to address inequalities arising in part from large-scale economic restructuring (Peterson 1981), policy in recent decades has been characterized by a lack of motivation to use the tools that are available, as well as the continued use of fiscally unsound subsidy practices and frequent disregard for neighborhood-based businesses. This paper, written as part of a suite of policy briefs meant to inform the 2013 New York …

Analyzing The Determinants Of Group Identity Among Alevis In Turkey: A National Survey Study, Cigdem V. Sirin

Cigdem V. Sirin

This study systematically explores the factors that affect collective identity associations within the Alevi community in Turkey by employing the social identity approach and examining survey data collected through fieldwork. The results show that Kurdish Alevis express lower levels of attachment to their religious identity as compared to Turkish Alevis. The results also indicate that personal experiences of discrimination tend to increase one's prioritization of Alevi identity. Last, no significant differences are observed regarding group identity between Alevis who reside in urban areas and those who live in rural areas.

Trade Intensity And Output Synchronisation: The Endogeneity Properties Of Emu, Guglielmo Maria Caporale, Roberta De Santis, Alessandro Girardi

Roberta De Santis

Using annual bilateral data over the period 1988-2011 for a panel of 24 industrialised and emerging economies, we analyse in a time-varying framework the determinants of output synchronisation in EMU (European Monetary Union) distinguishing between core and peripheral member states. The results support the specialisation paradigm rather than the endogeneity hypothesis. Evidence is found in the euro period of diverging patterns between the core and the peripheral EMU countries raising questions about the future stability of EMU.

Quality Is Becoming More About Taste And Less About Cost: Eeg And Survey Study On Consumer Behavior, Charnetta Brown, Adriane Randolph, Janee Burkhalter

Adriane B. Randolph

No abstract provided.

Trustee Courts And The Judicialization Of International Regimes: The Politics Of Majoritarian Activism In The Echr, The Eu, And The Wto, Alec Stone Sweet

Alec Stone Sweet

No abstract provided.