Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Photo-Identification Methods Reveal Seasonal And Long-Term Site-Fidelity Of Risso’S Dolphins (Grampus Griseus) In Shallow Waters (Cardigan Bay, Wales), Marijke N. De Boer, Josephine Clark, Mardik F. Leopold, Mark P. Simmonds, Peter J.H. Reijnders

Ecology Collection

A photo-identification study on Risso’s dolphins was carried out off Bardsey Island in Wales (July to September, 1997-2007). Their local abundance was estimated using two different analytical techniques: 1) mark-recapture of well-marked dolphins using a “closed-population” model; and 2) a census technique based on the total number of iden-tified individual dolphins sighted over the study period. The mark-recapture estimates of 121 (left sides; 64 - 178, 95% CI; CV 0.24) and 145 dolphins (right sides; 78 - 213, 95% CI; CV 0.24) closely matched the census technique estimates (population size of 90 - 151). It was found that the dolphins …

The Welfare Of Animals In The Chicken Industry

Agribusiness Reports

More than 8.5 billion chickens are slaughtered for meat production in the United States every year. Raised in industrial production systems, these animals experience crowded indoor confinement, unnatural lighting regimes, poor air quality, stressful handling and transportation, and inadequate stunning and slaughter procedures. Because they are selectively bred for rapid growth, broiler chickens are prone to a variety of severe skeletal and metabolic disorders that can cause suffering, pain, and even death. Broiler breeders, the parent birds of chickens raised for meat, are subjected to severe feed restriction, and males may undergo painful toe and beak amputations, performed without pain …

Longevity And Mortality Of Owned Dogs In England, D. G. O'Neill, D. B. Church, P. D. Mcgreevy, P. C. Thomson, D. C. Brodbelt

Epidemiology Collection

Improved understanding of longevity represents a significant welfare opportunity for the domestic dog, given its unparalleled morphological diversity. Epidemiological research using electronic patient records (EPRs) collected from primary veterinary practices overcomes many inherent limitations of referral clinic, owner questionnaire and pet insurance data. Clinical health data from 102,609 owned dogs attending first opinion veterinary practices (n = 86) in central and southeast England were analysed, focusing on 5095 confirmed deaths.

Of deceased dogs with information available, 3961 (77.9%) were purebred, 2386 (47.0%) were female, 2528 (49.8%) were neutered and 1105 (21.7%) were insured. The overall median longevity was 12.0 years …

Practical Handling Skills During Road Transport Of Fattening Pigs From Farm To Slaughterhouse: A Brief Review, Bert Driessen, Ester Peeters, Jos Van Thielen, Sanne Van Beirendonck

Transport of Farm Animals Collection

The transport of fattening pigs is characterized by a strong human-animal interaction. Consequent handling is important because of animal welfare, meat quality and matching economic consequences. During road transport, human impact can be divided in different steps: 1) driving pigs from the pens via an alley to the trailer, 2) loading, 3) actual transport, 4) unloading to the lairage, and 5) the final phase driving pigs to the stunning. An inadequate design and a poor condition of the facilities will negatively affect the ease of handling pigs. Because of the consequences, acute stress during transport and slaughter should be minimized …

Our Dark Places: Questions About Prison Privatization’S Benefit To Louisiana, Christian Hess

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

"Leads" To Expanded Social Networks, Increased Civic Engagement And Divisions Within A Community: The Role Of Dogs, Catherine Simpson Bueker

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Dogs play a distinct role in their impact on human relationships and processes because of the unique role they play in American society, existing in a liminal space of "almost" human. Both the level of emotional attachment and the requisite daily care make dogs important players in bringing humans in contact with one another and mediating human relationships. This study examines the role that dogs play in mediating relationships between and among humans. By analyzing 24 in-depth interviews, as well as Letters to the Editor, editorials, and other items in a local newspaper, and observing public meetings around dog usage …

Humans' Bonding With Their Companion Dogs: Cardiovascular Benefits During And After Stress, Rebecca A. Campo, Bert N. Uchino

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This study examined whether having one's companion dog present during and after stress posed similar cardiovascular benefits as having a close friend present, even when the relationship quality for both the companion dog and friend was highly positive. Positive aspects of relationship quality for participants' dog and friend were not associated with one another, suggesting that these relationships exist independently. Additionally, compared to participants with a close friend present, those with their dog present had lower heart rate and diastolic blood pressure (p's < .05) while undergoing the stressors, and tended to have lower heart rate and systolic blood pressure (p's < .09) when recovering from stressors. This study indicates that even when relationship quality is similarly high for companion dogs and friends, dogs may be associated with greater reductions in owners' cardiovascular reactivity to stress, particularly if there is a potential for evaluation apprehension in the human friendships. These findings support the value of the human- companion animal relationship in promoting human welfare.

Effects Of Companion Animal Ownership Among Canadian Street-Involved Youth: A Qualitative Analysis, Michelle Lem, Jason B. Coe, Derek B. Haley, Elizabeth Stone, William O'Grady

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In Canada, approximately 150,000 youth are homeless on any given night, and many have companion animals. Through a series of semi-structured interviews, this qualitative study explored the issues and effects of companion animal ownership among street-involved youth from the perspective of the youth themselves. "Pet before self" was the substantive theme, with first level sub-themes of "physical" and "emotional" effects. Previously unidentified findings include benefits of having a companion animal, such as creating structure and routine and decreasing use of drugs. Loss of the companion animal was a negative effect. Youth consistently reported making choices to stay with their animal …

Staff Views On The Involvement Of Animals In Care Home Life: An Exploratory Study, Jane Fossey, Vanessa Lawrence

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This qualitative study examined the views of one hundred and eight care staff working in fifteen care homes in the United Kingdom about the involvement Of animals in the care practices of the home. The perceived benefits and difficulties ofdelivering person-centered and psychosocial care, including the involvement of animals were explored. The findings describe the main themes related to animal involvement elicited from staff. These include the benefits to residents' well-being and the varying challenges that visiting and residential animals pose. The implicationsfor practice are discussed and the need for clearer information for care home teams is identified.

Limpopo River Basin Monograph, Sergio Sitoe, Peter Qwist-Hoffman

Policy

The purpose of the Limpopo River Basin Monograph Study (LRBMS) is to compile essential baseline information on the Limpopo River Basin. This is required for the preparation of alternative development scenarios and an Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy and Plan (IWRM Strategy and Plan) for the sustainable management of the Basin. Six themes were agreed for the structure of the monograph and each is described below: Basin Characteristics Socio-economy River Basin Ecosystem Water Resources Water Governance LIMIS There are two main elements of the monograph that are the core outputs of the study, and they bring together the information from …

Research: South Dakota State University, Winter 2013, Christie Delfanian, Matt Landwehr

Research: South Dakota State University

CONTENTS:

South Dakota expertise integral part of Landsat [Page] 1
West Nile: Researchers help public health officials combat West Nile virus [page] 2
Health care: arteries, corticosteroids, concussions, and preemies [Page] 4
Oilseeds [Page] 6
Undergraduate Research [Page] 8
Organ donation key to helping Native Americans on dialysis [Page] 10
Researchers meet challenge of increased competition: 2012 measurements [Page] 11

Connected: To Everyone And Everything, Katherine Albrecht, Katina Michael

Associate Professor Katina Michael

The activist group CASPIAN (Consumers Against Supermarket Privacy Invasion and Numbering) was founded in 1999 by Katherine Albrecht, the very same year that Kevin Ashton co-founder and executive director of the then Auto-ID Center at MIT made a presentation to Proctor & Gamble with a title that included the phrase “Internet of Things”. According to Ashton, “the most numerous and important routers of all” are people but people have limitations and are not very good at capturing data about objects in the physical world. In 2001, Ashton’s automatic identification vision had become a lot clearer. At the Auto-ID Center during …

Landfills – Territorial Issues Of Cities From North-East Region, Romania, Florin C. Mihai, Pavel Ichim

Florin C MIHAI

Landfilling prevails in waste management options in Romania like others new EU members, being contrary to the concept of waste hierarchy promoted in recent years by EC. Waste disposal is done usually in non-compliant landfills and Government established a program to close these sites. This paper aims to analyse the transition from traditional waste management systems to an integrated system at national, regional and local scale. Assessment of landfills location based on buffer analysis (using GIS techniques) is made according to the proximity of five critical factors (CF) such as: residential area, industry & commercial units, agricultural lands, rivers & …

Muneja, S. Simon, Review Of Stanley Skreslet, Comprehending Mission: The Questions, Methods, Themes, Problems And Prospects Of Missiology, Mussa Muneja

Mussa Muneja

No abstract provided.

Declining Labour Use In Agriculture : A Case Of Rice Cultivation In Andhra Pradesh, Narasimha Reddy Duvvuri, Venkatanarayana Motkuri

Venkatanarayana Motkuri Mr.

The present paper examines the changing nature of labour use in rice cultivation in Andhra Pradesh. Rice production in India is, however, concentrated in a few pockets. A few states in India produce around two thirds of rice production. Andhra Pradesh is the third largest state in India with respect to rice production. In Andhra Pradesh too, rice is the single largest crops occupying around 30% of area cultivated. The state was one of frontrunners leading the Green Revolution, particularly in rice cultivation.

The study observed that there is a fast decline in labour use in respect of rice cultivation …

Improving Supports For Youth Of Color Traumatized By Violence, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant, Robert Phillips

Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant

No abstract provided.

Discerning For Peace In Africa: The Sudan Civil Wars And Peace Processes 1955-2013, Conrad John Masabo Mr.

Conrad John Masabo Mr.

Separation of the Sudan into the Republic of Sudan (North) and the Republic of Southern Sudan (South) was globally extolled as the long-lasting solution to one of the longest civil wars in post-Colonial Africa. However, recent developments in Sudan: continued clashes between north and south, crises in the contested areas and tribal civil wars have uncovered that: separation without addressing the principal root causes of the conflicts is not the panacea to prone and protracted civil wars. Taking a historical analysis framework, the paper attempts to tackle issues of causes, opportunities and challenges for peace in Sudan.

A Short Note On Political Risk, Riccardo Pelizzo

riccardo pelizzo

this note reviews why political risk and political risk assessment matter and what have been some of the models devised for assessing macro and micro level risk

On The Causal Dynamics Between Economic Growth, Renewable Energy Consumption, Co2 Emissions And Trade Openness: Fresh Evidence From Brics Countries, Maamar Sebri

Maamar Sebri

The current study investigates the causal relationship between economic growth and renewable energy consumption in the BRICS countries over the period 1971–2010 within a multivariate framework. The ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration and vector error correction model (VECM) are used to examine the long-run and causal relationships between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, trade openness and carbon dioxide emissions. Empirical evidence shows that, based on the ARDL estimates, there exist long-run equilibrium relationships among the competing variables. Regarding the VECM results, bi-directional Granger causality exists between economic growth and renewable energy consumption, suggesting the feedback hypothesis, which can explain …

Toward A Low Wage World: The Development And Limitation Of Taiwan' Labor Regime(1980s~2010s), Wei-Yi Chang, Chih-Lung Huang

Chih-lung Huang

This article tries to explain why Taiwan’s labor regime has fallen into a low wage environment. A review of literature shows that existing studies consider only the elements of state, capital, labor, or the social environment to explain the low wage within different historical stages. But the literature to date could not answer the question as for why Taiwan’s labor wage did not increase with economic growth after 2000s. In order to bridge the gap, the legislation and amendment of related labor laws from 1980s to 2010s was explored through the perspective of historical institutionalism. It was found that the …

The New International Division Of Labor, Dependency Theory And The Global Economy, Heidi Feight

Heidi Feight

No abstract provided.

Surveying The Relationship Between Locus Of Control And Academic Achievement Among Students At Allameh Tabataba'i University, Seyed Mohammad, Kalantarkousheh, دکتر سید محمد کلانتر کوشه

Seyed Mohammad Kalantarkousheh

Background: This study surveyed the relationship between locus of control and academic achievement in students at Allameh Tabataba'i University. Method: This was a descriptive–correlative research study that included 132 undergraduate students enrolled in the university during the academic year 1391-92. For data collection, we used a locus of control questionnaire designed by Julan Rutter and students' GPAs. T- test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analyses. Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference in GPAs in the internal and external locus of control between male and female students. A significant relationship existed between the internal …

Locus Of Control And Academic Burnout Among Allameh Tabataba'i University Students, Seyed Mohammad, Kalantarkousheh, دکتر سید محمد کلانتر کوشه

Seyed Mohammad Kalantarkousheh

Background: the present research was conducted to investigate the effect of locus of control on academic burnout amongst Allameh Tabataba'i University students. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive correlational research study. Participants consisted of 130 students from various academic levels (B.A., M.A., Ph.D.) chosen by multiphase cluster sampling. Enrolled students completed the Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale and Academic Burnout Inventory. For statistical analyses, it used the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and simple regression analysis. Results: The results of the independent t-test and analysis of variance showed that females experienced more burnout than males. …

Acciones Para Una Buena Comunicación En Campañas Electorales, Augusto Reina, Maximo Reina, Carlos Fara, Jorge Dell´Oro, Santiago Rossi, Carlos Germano, Diego Monasterio, Lucio Guberman, José Fernández-Ardáiz

Augusto Reina

El Manual de Campañas Electorales es un trabajo colectivo, de conceptos compartidos, por un equipo que viene cooperando tanto en capacitaciones como en consultorías. El contenido es altamente práctico y está enfocado en la explicación del diseño de campañas electorales antes que en el análisis sobre casos puntuales. Procuramos abordar una diveresidad de temas como la investigación de opinión publica, estrategia de campaña, la construcción del mensaje, storytelling, acciones de alto impacto, organización de campaña, publicidad, discurso y relaciones con los medios.

When Good Bankers Go Bad: Is Moral Hazard Evolutionarily Stable?, Atin Basuchoudhary, Troy Siemers, Sam Allen

Atin Basu Choudhary

We apply existing theory as a preliminary analysis of whether efficient contracts can evolve naturally. Any banker could belong to one of two cultures – patient and impatient. We suggest that the interaction of patient bankers with other patient bankers is a critical element in the success of efficient contracts while the interaction of impatient bankers with other impatient bankers leads to the spread of moral hazard in the banking system. We show that the success (or failure) of efficient contracts depends on the initial proportion of bankers who are part of the patient culture. We further show that regulatory …

Women's Inheritance Rights And Intergenerational Transmission Of Resources In India, Klaus Deininger, Aparajita Goyal, Hari Nagarajan

Aparajita Goyal

We use inheritance patterns over three generations of individuals to assess the impact of changes in the Hindu Succession Act that grant daughters equal coparcenary birth rights in joint family property that were denied to daughters in the past. We show that the amendment significantly increased daughters’ likelihood to inherit land, but that even after the amendment, substantial bias persists. Our results also indicate a robust increase in educational attainment of daughters, suggesting an alternative channel of wealth transfer.

A Multivariate Analysis Of The Causal Flow Between Renewable Energy Consumption And Gdp In Tunisia, Ousama Ben Salha, Maamar Sebri

Ousama Ben Salha

This paper examines the causality linkages between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions and domestic investment in Tunisia between 1971 and 2010. Using the ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration, long-run relationships between the variables are identified. The Granger causality analysis, on the other hand, indicates that there is bi-directional causality between renewable energy consumption and economic growth, which supports the feedback hypothesis in Tunisia. In addition, the quantity of CO2 emissions collapses as a reaction to an increase in renewable energy consumption. These findings remain robust even when controlling for the presence of structural break. We conclude that …

On The Causal Dynamics Between Economic Growth, Renewable Energy Consumption, Co2 Emissions And Trade Openness: Fresh Evidence From Brics Countries, Maamar Sebri, Ousama Ben Salha

Ousama Ben Salha

The current study investigates the causal relationship between economic growth and renewable energy consumption in the BRICS countries over the period 1971-2010 within a multivariate framework. The ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration and vector error correction model (VECM) are used to examine the long-run and causal relationships between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, trade openness and carbon dioxide emissions. Empirical evidence shows that, based on the ARDL estimates, there exist long-run equilibrium relationships among the competing variables. Regarding the VECM results, bi-directional Granger causality exists between economic growth and renewable energy consumption, suggesting the feedback hypothesis, which can explain …

Information Visualization For Learning Words In The Qur’An, Raja Jamilah Raja Yusof Dr

Raja Jamilah Raja Yusof Dr

Qur’an is a source of guidance to Muslims around the world. Although the language of the Qur’an is Arabic, many Muslims with different native languages attempt to learn the language to understand the message of the Qur’an. Qur’an contains many repeated words. Even though there are approximately 77 430 words in the Qur’an, there are only 5155 words used repeatedly or at least once to make up those words. This means that in theory for non-native Arabic speakers, these words can be added to their vocabulary to understand the literal meaning of the message of the Qur’an. In this paper, …

Between Land And Sea: Divergent Data Stewardship Practices In Deep-Sea Biosphere Research, Rebekah Cummings, Peter Darch

Rebekah Cummings

Data in deep-sea biosphere research often live a double life. While the original data generated on IODP expeditions are highly structured, professionally curated, and widely shared, the downstream data practices of deep-sea biosphere laboratories are far more localized and ad hoc. These divergent data practices make it difficult to track the provenance of datasets from the cruise ships to the laboratory or to integrate IODP data with laboratory data. An in-depth study of the divergent data practices in deep-sea biosphere research allows us to: - Better understand the social and technical forces that shape data stewardship throughout the data lifecycle; …