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2015

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Articles 27601 - 27630 of 27637

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Do Peer Effects Influence The Household Bargain? Evidence From Children's Food Consumption In India, Eeshani Kandpal, Kathy Baylis Dec 2014

Do Peer Effects Influence The Household Bargain? Evidence From Children's Food Consumption In India, Eeshani Kandpal, Kathy Baylis

Kathy Baylis

This paper uses primary data on women's social networks to estimate causal peer effects in the household bargain. Using an extension of a spatial weighting technique that relies of friends-of-friends to identify peer effects, we examine how a woman's friend's participation in an education program affects her physical mobility, access to outside employment, and probability of working outside the household, as well as her children's food consumption. Results show that peer effects have a significant impact on all proxies of female bargaining power. We decompose the overall peer effects into those on participants and non-participants, and focus on the effects …

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"Innovative Ideas In Civic Engagement Across Two-Year And Four-Year Colleges", Shyam Sriram Dec 2014

"Innovative Ideas In Civic Engagement Across Two-Year And Four-Year Colleges", Shyam Sriram

Shyam K. Sriram (ssriram@butler.edu)

No abstract provided.

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What Is Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd)?, Julie Elaine N. Irish Dec 2014

What Is Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd)?, Julie Elaine N. Irish

Julie Elaine Irish

For readers who may not be familiar with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) this brief guide outlines some of the major points: • The World Health Organization estimates that 1:160 children worldwide are affected by ASD but admit that data collection methods are inconsistent so this figure may be inaccurate. • The Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), a US government department, has carried out more detailed data collection over several years and currently estimates that the number of children diagnosed with ASD in the United States is 1:68.

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Opportunities Beyond Electronic Resource Management: An Extension Of The Core Competencies For Electronic Resources Librarians To Digital Scholarship And Scholarly Communications, Angela Dresselhaus Dec 2014

Opportunities Beyond Electronic Resource Management: An Extension Of The Core Competencies For Electronic Resources Librarians To Digital Scholarship And Scholarly Communications, Angela Dresselhaus

Angela Dresselhaus

This paper will provide an overview of current topics in Digital Scholarship and Scholarly Communications DS/SC and draw connections between these new areas and the traditional skill set of electronic resources librarians (ERLs). Commonalities between the skills outlined in the Core Competencies for Electronic Resources Librarians (CCERL) and those needed for success in DS/SC will form the basis of the author's recommendations for involvement in these new areas.

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Of Blood, Bodies, And The Limits Of Empathy, Or The Potential Hazards Of Well-Meaning Make Believe Toward Social Change, Chris Bobel Dec 2014

Of Blood, Bodies, And The Limits Of Empathy, Or The Potential Hazards Of Well-Meaning Make Believe Toward Social Change, Chris Bobel

Chris Bobel

No abstract provided.

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The Face Of Our Wartime, Sharon Sliwinski Dec 2014

The Face Of Our Wartime, Sharon Sliwinski

Sharon Sliwinski

This paper considers a turn toward portraiture amongst contemporary photojournalists who have covered the War on Terror. A series of wartime faces is examined in order to consider the way prolonged conflict flattens our visual landscape.

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Inventing Human Dignity, Sharon Sliwinski Dec 2014

Inventing Human Dignity, Sharon Sliwinski

Sharon Sliwinski

Are human beings endowed with an inviolable dignity? Or is dignity something that is lost and won? One of the most significant assertions made in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is the statement that every individual possesses an inalienable dignity simply by virtue of belonging to the “human family.” This chapter aims to make a modest contribution to the emerging scholarship on the history and meaning of dignity as it pertains to universal human rights. My goal is to trace how this particular quality came to be affixed to the human …

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Promoting The Growing Field Of Dynamic Decision Making, Andreas Fischer, Daniel V. Holt, Joachim Funke Dec 2014

Promoting The Growing Field Of Dynamic Decision Making, Andreas Fischer, Daniel V. Holt, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

A new journal is starting with this page, and we – the editors – hope that this launch will be a successful one! Before we start with the normal course of the editorial business, let us explain why we made the decision to start a new journal. Most decisions in our everyday lives are part of dynamic decision making processes. They usually are not isolated acts but take place in a context, with a history of events leading up to the decision and a future unfolding after the decision has been taken shaping our options for later decisions. Additionally our …

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Laypeople's Risky Decisions In The Climate Change Context: Climate Engineering As A Risk-Defusing Strategy?, Dorothee Amelung, Joachim Funke Dec 2014

Laypeople's Risky Decisions In The Climate Change Context: Climate Engineering As A Risk-Defusing Strategy?, Dorothee Amelung, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

This study explores the development of laypeople’s preferences for newly emerg- ing climate engineering technology (CE). It examines whether laypeople perceive CE to be an acceptable back-up strategy (plan B) if current efforts to mitigate CO2 emissions were to fail. This idea is a common justification for CE research in the scientific debate andmay significantly influence future public debates. Ninety-eight German participants chose their preferred climate policy strategy in a quasi-realistic scenario. Participants could chose between mitigation and three CE techniques as alternative options.We employed a think-aloud interview technique, which allowed us to trace participants’ informational needs and thought processes. …

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Does Visualization Enhance Complex Problem Solving? The Effect Of Causal Mapping On Performance In The Computer-Based Microworld Tailorshop, Michael Öllinger, Stephanie Hammon, Michael Von Grundherr, Joachim Funke Dec 2014

Does Visualization Enhance Complex Problem Solving? The Effect Of Causal Mapping On Performance In The Computer-Based Microworld Tailorshop, Michael Öllinger, Stephanie Hammon, Michael Von Grundherr, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

Causal mapping is often recognized as a technique to support strategic decisions and actions in complex problem situations. Such drawing of causal structures is supposed to particularly foster the understanding of the interaction of the various system elements and to further encourage holistic thinking. It builds on the idea that humans make use of mental maps to represent their environment and to make predictions about it. However, a profound theoretical underpinning and empirical research of the effects of causal mapping on problem solving is missing. This study compares a causal mapping approach with more common problem solving techniques utilizing the …

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Surviving The Streets Of New York: Experiences Of Lgbtq, Ymsm, And Ywsw Youth Engaged In Survival Sex, Brendan M. Conner Esq. Dec 2014

Surviving The Streets Of New York: Experiences Of Lgbtq, Ymsm, And Ywsw Youth Engaged In Survival Sex, Brendan M. Conner Esq.

Brendan M. Conner

In 2011, researchers from the Urban Institute launched a three-year study of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) youth; young men who have sex with men (YMSM); and young women who have sex with women (YWSW) engaged in survival sex in New York City. Working in partnership with the New York City–based organization Streetwise and Safe (SAS), researchers trained youth leaders to conduct in-depth interviews with a total of 283 youths who engaged in survival sex in New York City and identified themselves as LGBTQ, YMSM, or YWSW. During these interviews, youth were asked a wide range …

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Measuring The Research Readiness Of Academic And Research Librarians: A Project Report Of The Institute For Research Design In Librarianship, Kristine R. Brancolini, Marie R. Kennedy Dec 2014

Measuring The Research Readiness Of Academic And Research Librarians: A Project Report Of The Institute For Research Design In Librarianship, Kristine R. Brancolini, Marie R. Kennedy

Kristine R. Brancolini

The Institute for Research Design in Librarianship (IRDL) is a continuing education program designed to help academic and research librarians improve their research skills and increase their research output. Funded by a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS), the centerpiece of the project is a nine-day workshop on research design each summer for three years, 2014–2016. Twenty-one participants each year will leave the IRDL with increased knowledge of research skills and with a viable research proposal to be conducted during the following academic year. Project assessment is carried out each of the three years with input …

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Effect Of Workplace Bullying On Employee Performance In The Public Sector, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq. Dec 2014

Effect Of Workplace Bullying On Employee Performance In The Public Sector, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq.

Peter Adoko Obicci

Workplace bullying presents a serious problem causing substantial damage to the employees, the organization and the society as a whole. The focus of this research is two-fold: to find out if workplace bullying exists in Uganda, and to examine its effects on employee performance. By using a questionnaire survey, data was collected from 180 public employees in Uganda. The results indicate that bullying is present in workplaces in Uganda and poses a serious problem for the respondents affecting their performances adversely. The research contributes to the literature on workplace bullying by developing a comprehensive framework that examines its existence and …

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Revisiting The Unesco Debate On A New World Information And Communication Order: Has The Nwico Been Achieved By Other Means?, Carrie Buchanan Dec 2014

Revisiting The Unesco Debate On A New World Information And Communication Order: Has The Nwico Been Achieved By Other Means?, Carrie Buchanan

Carrie Buchanan

At the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in the 1970s and 1980s, the central debate concerned the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO). While the NWICO movement died stillborn in the mid-1980s, this paper examines whether the world has achieved, by alternative means, at least part of what was envisioned. The widespread availability of cellular telephones, the rise of the internet, and the new phenomenon of citizen journalism have changed the communication landscape significantly since the 1980s. So have the many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that have taken on the cause, moving the campaign from the intergovernmental …

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Qrseh Pubble April 2016.Pdf, Rebecca Busanich Dec 2014

Qrseh Pubble April 2016.Pdf, Rebecca Busanich

Rebecca Busanich

No abstract provided.

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A Meta-Analysis On Involvement In Learning Outcomes Across On-Ground, Online, And Hybrid Classroom Settings, An H. Dang, Hannah L. Smith, R. M. Mueller Dec 2014

A Meta-Analysis On Involvement In Learning Outcomes Across On-Ground, Online, And Hybrid Classroom Settings, An H. Dang, Hannah L. Smith, R. M. Mueller

Reed M. Mueller, Ph.D.

In this meta-analysis we investigate the influence of psychological sense of community (PSOC) on post-secondary students’ outcomes. When comparing the OG and FO settings, the Hedges’s g of .343 (p = .003) indicated that on-ground courses have a moderate, positive effect on student involvement in learning outcomes when measured by CCS than those in fully online courses. The When comparing the OG and Hy settings, there was no significant difference between students in these groups with regard to self-reported student involvement in learning [Hedges’s g = .164, p = .362)].

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Counterproductive Communication Patterns, Pa Der Vang Dec 2014

Counterproductive Communication Patterns, Pa Der Vang

Pa Der Vang, PhD, MSW, LICSW

No abstract provided.

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Hmong, Mental Health, And Acculturation, Pa Der Vang Dec 2014

Hmong, Mental Health, And Acculturation, Pa Der Vang

Pa Der Vang, PhD, MSW, LICSW

Early studies of Hmong refugees in the U.S. indicated high rates of mental distress related
to post-migration stressors such as grief and loss, poverty, and social adversity. This study
explores the mental health status of two generations of Hmong Americans 38 years after
their first migration. The relationship between acculturation and mental health of 191 1st
and 2nd generation Hmong are reported. Results indicated relatively low reports of
depressive symptoms and medium to high rates of acculturation to American society. The
results are unrelated to demographic factors indicating resilience and adaptation to
Western society despite age and generational status and …

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No Endowment Effect When People Transact Secondhand Goods Over The Internet, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita, Eliza Silveira Dec 2014

No Endowment Effect When People Transact Secondhand Goods Over The Internet, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita, Eliza Silveira

Sergio Da Silva

We set up a field experiment of the endowment effect by considering thrift shops in Facebook chat rooms and college chat rooms dedicated to secondhand goods transactions. Owners of goods held for use are generally expected to show the endowment effect, but here we show these very owners (most of them females) switch to a trader-like behavior when conducting transactions in the thrift shops and, as a result, the endowment effect vanishes.

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Handedness And Digit Ratio Predict Overconfidence In Cognitive And Motor Skill Tasks In A Sample Of Preschoolers, Sergio Da Silva, Bruno Moreira, Newton Da Costa Jr Dec 2014

Handedness And Digit Ratio Predict Overconfidence In Cognitive And Motor Skill Tasks In A Sample Of Preschoolers, Sergio Da Silva, Bruno Moreira, Newton Da Costa Jr

Sergio Da Silva

In a sample of 141 preschoolers, ages 4 to 6, we find children display overconfidence in cognitive and motor skill tasks, a result that replicates that of adults. Both set of findings suggest the bias may not be learned behavior. Moreover, we find right-handed children to display more overconfidence in the cognitive task, whereas low digit-ratio children show more overconfidence in fine and gross motor skill tasks. Handedness polymorphism has been linked to neurological differences, and in literature low digit ratios are commonly associated with high fetal testosterone.

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Some Statistical Properties Of The Mini Flash Crashes, Guilherme Demos, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita Dec 2014

Some Statistical Properties Of The Mini Flash Crashes, Guilherme Demos, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita

Sergio Da Silva

We present some properties of the data from the recent mini flash crashes occurring in individual stocks of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The top five are: 1) Gaussianity is absent in data; 2) the tail decay of the return distributions follow power laws; 3) chaos and logperiodicity cannot be dismissed at first; 4) chaos and logperiodicity are not good models for the data on second thoughts; and 5) a threshold GARCH fit can also describe the data well, but fails to detect the power law tail decay of most distributions of returns.

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Anchoring Heuristic Messes With Inflation Targeting, Evelin Da Silva, Sergio Da Silva Dec 2014

Anchoring Heuristic Messes With Inflation Targeting, Evelin Da Silva, Sergio Da Silva

Sergio Da Silva

We evaluate recent inflation-targeting using Brazilian data and also consider the framework of the macroeconomic model of adaptive learning blended with a cognitive psychology approach. We suggest that forecasters interpret the inflation target as an anchor, and adjust to it accordingly. As current inflation increases above the target level, a central bank loses credibility, and forecasters start the adjustment from the top because they expect an even higher future inflation. Then, they move back to the core target within a range of uncertainty, but the adjustment is likely to end before the core is reached, as predicted by the psychological …

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Financial Market Efficiency Should Be Gauged In Relative Rather Than Absolute Terms, Sergio Da Silva Dec 2014

Financial Market Efficiency Should Be Gauged In Relative Rather Than Absolute Terms, Sergio Da Silva

Sergio Da Silva

Economists assess the efficiency of financial markets in absolute, all-or-nothing terms. However, this is at odds with a no-nonsense physics approach. Here, I describe how the relative efficiency of markets can be gauged taking advantage of algorithmic complexity theory. This is not physics-envy because the approach is superior in considering the proper randomness present in complex financial markets.

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Copyright And Ownership Of Fan Created Works: Fanfiction And Beyond, Raizel Liebler Dec 2014

Copyright And Ownership Of Fan Created Works: Fanfiction And Beyond, Raizel Liebler

Raizel Liebler

This chapter draws parallels across fictional genres, historical periods, and national legal and cultural traditions, to explore the relationship between popular forms of copyright protected fiction and the diverse forms of fan fiction that develop in relation to such works. Whilst fans of various fictional works revere the authors whose works they like, this reverence often takes the form of a kind of guardianship or that does not directly conform with authorial/ corporate conceptions of copyright control. Fans are not passive recipients of content, but active in their engagement with it. Often this involves creative copies, extensions and revisions.

While …

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Reflecting Character: Counseling With A Virtue Vocabulary, Scott E. Hall, Michelle Flaum Hall Dec 2014

Reflecting Character: Counseling With A Virtue Vocabulary, Scott E. Hall, Michelle Flaum Hall

Scott E. Hall, Ph.D., LPCC-S

While professionals in the field of counseling have long established that the micro-skills of empathy help build the therapeutic alliance, over the last decade increasingly more attention has been paid to using language of character, virtue, and strengths. Language of this sort that a counselor strategically uses can not onlyfurther support thetherapeutic alliance, but also empower clients to develop a strength-based orientation grounded in positive psychology and virtue practice. This article presents a rationale for using a virtue vocabulary with empathic affirmations and emphasizes the benefits to both counselor and client. It also providesexamplesthathighlighttherapeuticdialogueusingvirtuelanguage.

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Constructing Hmong American Youth, Pa Der Vang Dec 2014

Constructing Hmong American Youth, Pa Der Vang

Pa Der Vang, PhD, MSW, LICSW

Hmong American youth have been in the United States for
40 years, and yet research still suggests a binary portrayal of their
experiences—model minorities or struggling delinquents. In this
study, we use critical discourse analysis to examine academic literature
and the construction of “Hmong American youth.”We examine
academic literature discursive practices and power in controlling
the discourse on Hmong American youth and shaping practices
and policies. Using critical discourse analysis, we call attention to
academic literature and its power, and challenge researchers to
reconstruct a more complex discourse of Hmong American youth
that captures their histories, possibilities, and desires.

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El Estudio Científico De La Política, Fernando Barrientos Del Monte Dec 2014

El Estudio Científico De La Política, Fernando Barrientos Del Monte

Fernando Barrientos Del Monte

Ubicar a la ciencia política en el contexto de otras ciencias y disciplinas, sobre todo porque el desconocimiento de los fundamentos de la misma hacen aparecer “politólogos” por doquier, cuando en realidad son “opinólogos”, no fundan sus afirmaciones sobre la política bajo preceptos científicos sino del sentido común y el saber cotidiano. La política, su acción, el saber de la misma y la opinión sobre ésta no es exclusivo de ciencia política. Pero el saber científico de la política si es propio de la ciencia política. Para hacer política no es necesario ni indispensable estudiar ciencia política, aunque evidentemente se …

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On The Occasion Of The 50th Anniversary Of The Civil Rights Act Of 1964: Persistent White Supremacy, Relentless Anti-Blackness And The Limits Of The Law, Nancy Heitzeg Dec 2014

On The Occasion Of The 50th Anniversary Of The Civil Rights Act Of 1964: Persistent White Supremacy, Relentless Anti-Blackness And The Limits Of The Law, Nancy Heitzeg

Nancy A. Heitzeg

No abstract provided.

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Lemons On The Edge Of The Internet: The Importance Of Transparency For Broadband Network Quality, Reza Rajabiun, Catherine Middleton Dec 2014

Lemons On The Edge Of The Internet: The Importance Of Transparency For Broadband Network Quality, Reza Rajabiun, Catherine Middleton

Reza Rajabiun

Network performance measurements from OECD countries between 2007 and 2012 document a significant increase in the variability of broadband infrastructure quality, which helps explain growing demand for technologies and policies that counteract information asymmetries between network operators and end users. A cross-country analysis documents the negative association between quality uncertainty and variations in digital infrastructure quality. The analysis suggests public policies and business models that promote market transparency can enhance the efficiency of the broadband access market on the edge of the internet and stimulate incentives for the diffusion of next generation platforms.

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Immersion Ethnography Of Elites, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2014

Immersion Ethnography Of Elites, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

This chapter considers the practice of "immersion ethnography" in terms of its contributions to knowledge, as well as its demands and its history as a methodology within social science. Four recent books are examined as illustrations of the technique: Mears' (2011) "Pricing Beauty," Ho's (2009) "Liquidated," Khan's (2011) "Privilege," and Zaloom's (2006) "Out of the Pits."

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