Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Early Visual Perception Potentiated By Object Affordances: Evidence From A Temporal Order Judgment Task, Atsunori Ariga, Yuki Yamada, Yusuke Yamani

Psychology Faculty Publications

Perceived objects automatically potentiate afforded action. Object affordances also facilitate perception of such objects, and this occurrence is known as the affordance effect. This study examined whether object affordances facilitate the initial visual processing stage, or perceptual entry processes, using the temporal order judgment task. The onset of the graspable (righthandled) coffee cup was perceived earlier than that of the less graspable (left-handled) cup for right-handed participants. The affordance effect was eliminated when the coffee cups were inverted, which presumably conveyed less affordance information. These results suggest that objects preattentively potentiate the perceptual entry processes in response to their affordances.

Fp-16-04 A Quarter Century Change In Nonmarital Births: Racial/Ethnic Differences, Esther Lamidi

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-16-06 Trends In Men's Economic Characteristics And Marriage, Lydia R. Anderson, Karen Benjamin Guzzo

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-16-10 Over 25 Years Of Change In Men's Entry Into Fatherhood, 1987-2013, Kasey J. Eickmeyer

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-16-13 High School Seniors' Attitudes On Cohabitation As A Testing Ground For Marriage, Lydia R. Anderson

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-16-19 First Divorce Rate In The U.S., 2014, Lydia R. Anderson

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Fp-16-22 Marriage Rate In The U.S.: Geographic Variation, 2015, Paul Hemez

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

Library Information Resources And Services Utilization As Correlates Of Creativity Of Senior Administrative Staff Of Polytechnics In South West, Nigeria, Ganiyu Idowu Buhari

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Preliminary investigation into our institutions of higher learning revealed an ugly situation characterized by regular students’ unrest and even unnecessary labour agitations resulting in occasional closure of the institutions, polytechnics inclusive.

This unhealthy situation provides an important background for undertaking a research on the effect of library information resources and services utilization on the creativity of the people in charge of the institutions’ affairs. This study therefore looked into the library information resources and services utilization as correlates of creativity of senior administrative staff of polytechnics in South-west, Nigeria. A single stage random sampling technique was adopted to draw a …

Citation Pattern In Ph.D. Theses In The Field Of Philosophy: A Study Of Panjab University, Chandigarh, Preeti Mahajan, Anil Saini

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

The present study is based on the 8223 citations appended in the 26 doctoral theses of Philosophy submitted to Panjab University, Chandigarh, for the award of doctoral degree during 2002-2012. The main purpose of this study was to investigate authorship pattern of the citations, type and form of literature cited, and to compile a ranked list of journals in Philosophy. The study revealed that books were the most preferred sources of information used by the researchers in the field of Philosophy accounting for 40.67% of total citations, followed by journals with 17.99% citations. Badford’s law of scattering was used …

Interactive Effects Within The Prototype Willingness Model: Predicting The Drinking Behavior Of Indigenous Early Adolescents, Brian E. Armenta, Les B. Whitbeck, Kari C. Gentzler

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Drawing on the Prototype/Willingness Model of Adolescent Risk Behavior we used longitudinal data collected from North American Indigenous early adolescents (ages 10–12 years) to examine the interactive effects of favorable drinker prototypes, perceived drinking norms, and past year drinking behavior on subsequent drinking behavior (i.e., drinking behavior 1 year later and growth in drinking behavior from 1–5 years later). We found that the positive association between favorable drinker prototypes and drinking one year later was strongest for adolescents who were high in past year drinking and perceived low drinking norms. The interaction pattern for growth in drinking was more complex …

Functional Status In Older Women Diagnosed With Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Tatiana V.D. Sanses, Nicholas K. Schiltz, Bruna M. Couri, Sangeeta T. Mahajan, Holly E. Richter, David F. Warner, Jack Guralnik, Siran M. Koroukian

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Background—Functional status plays an important role in the comprehensive characterization of older adults. Functional limitations are associated with an increased risk of adverse treatment outcomes, but there is limited data on the prevalence of functional limitations in older women with pelvic floor disorders.

Objective—The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of functional limitations based on health status in older women with pelvic organ prolapse.

Study Design—This pooled, cross-sectional study utilized data from the linked Health and Retirement Study and Medicare files between 1992 and 2008. The analysis included 890 women ≥65 years with pelvic organ prolapse. We …

Effects Of Smiley Face Scales On Visual Processing Of Satisfaction Questions In Web Surveys, Mathew Stange, Amanda Barry, Jolene Smyth, Kristen M. Olson

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Web surveys permit researchers to use graphic or symbolic elements alongside the text of response options to help respondents process the categories. Smiley faces are one example used to communicate positive and negative domains. How respondents visually process these smiley faces, including whether they detract from the question’s text, is understudied. We report the results of two eye-tracking experiments in which satisfaction questions were asked with and without smiley faces. Respondents to the questions with smiley faces spent less time reading the question stem and response option text than respondents to the questions without smiley faces, but the response distributions …

Risk Factors For Hiv Among Zambian Street Youth, Kimberly A. Tyler, Ray Handema, Rachel M. Schmitz, Francis Phiri, Charles Wood, Kristen M. Olson

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The sub-Saharan African region has been disproportionately affected by HIV, and Zambia has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates within this region. Moreover, new incidences of HIV infection are increasing most rapidly among those 15–24 years of age. Though young people are at high risk for HIV infection, street youth are even more vulnerable given their exposure to high-risk behaviors. The current study examines multiple levels of social influence on HIV infection among 250 street youth in Zambia. Results reveal that though the majority of youth understand what behaviors increase their risk for HIV, youth still hold many misconceptions …

A New Way To Estimate The Potential Unmet Need For Infertility Services Among Women In The United States, Arthur L. Greil, Kathleen S. Slauson-Blevins, Stacy Tiemeyer, Julia Mcquillan, Karina M. Shreffler

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Background: Fewer than 50% of women who meet the medical/behavioral criteria for infertility receive medical services. Estimating the number of women who both meet the medical/behavioral criteria for infertility and who have pro-conception attitudes will allow for better estimates of the potential need and unmet need for infertility services in the United States.

Methods: The National Survey of Fertility Barriers was administered by telephone to a probability sample of 4,712 women in the United States. The sample for this analysis was 292 women who reported an experience of infertility within 3 years of the time of the interview. …

The Double Standard At Sexual Debut: Gender, Sexual Behavior And Adolescent Peer Acceptance, Derek A. Kreager, Jeremy Staff, G. Robin Gauthier, Eva S. Lefkowitz, Mark E. Feinberg

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

A sexual double standard in adolescence has important implications for sexual development and gender inequality. The present study uses longitudinal social network data (N = 914; 11–16 years of age) to test if gender moderates associations between adolescents’ sexual behaviors and peer acceptance. Consistent with a traditional sexual double standard, female adolescents who reported having sex had significant decreases in peer acceptance over time, whereas male adolescents reporting the same behavior had significant increases in peer acceptance. This pattern was observed net of respondents’ own perceived friendships, further suggesting that the social responses to sex vary by gender of …

An Inside Look At Homeless Youths’ Social Networks: Perceptions Of Substance Use Norms, Lisa A. Melander, Kimberly A. Tyler, Rachel M. Schmitz

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Substance use among homeless young people is a pervasive problem, and there have been many efforts to understand more about the dynamics of this health-compromising behavior. The current study examined perceived substance use norms within homeless youths’ social networks utilizing in-depth interviews. The sample included 19 homeless individuals ages 16 to 21. Four elements of substance use within networks emerged: substance use choices, drug use safety issues, encouragement and/or discouragement, and appropriate situations in which substance use is condoned. These findings provide unique insight into the norms associated with drug and alcohol use within homeless youths’ social networks.

Multi-Level Risk And Protective Factors For Substance Use Among Zambian Street Youth, Kimberly A. Tyler, Ray Handema, Rachel M. Schmitz, Francis Phiri, Kourtney S. Kuyper, Charles Wood

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Background: High rates of substance use have been reported among youth in Zambia. This is particularly concerning given that substance use is one of the biggest risk factors placing young people at risk for HIV infection. Objectives: The purpose of the current study is to examine how multilevel risk and protective factors (i.e., community, family, peers, individual) influence alcohol and marijuana use. Methods: A total of 250 street youth in Lusaka, Zambia, were interviewed in the summer of 2014 about their alcohol and marijuana use and reasons for usage. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate methods. Results …

Walking-Induced Fatigue Leads To Increased Risk In Older Adults, S. Morrison, S. R. Colberg, H. K. Parson, S. Neumann, R. Handel, E. J. Vinik, J. Paulson, A. I. Vinik

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Background- For older adults, falls are a serious health problem, with more than 30% of people older than 65 suffering a fall at least once a year. One element often overlooked in the assessment of falls is whether a person's balance, walking ability, and overall falls risk is affected by performing activities of daily living such as walking.

Objective- This study assessed the immediate impact of incline walking at a moderate pace on falls risk, leg strength, reaction time, gait, and balance in 75 healthy adults from 30 to 79 years of age. Subjects were subdivided into 5 equal groups …

The Ethics And Evolution Of Library Information Sharing: Lessons From Interlibrary Loan Services For Library Open Access Publishing, Beth Posner

Publications and Research

One of the most essential missions of academic research libraries is to facilitate access to information. Librarians do this by sharing their print collections, as well as digital information, with members of their local communities. They also share this information, with each other, through interlibrary loan (ILL) services.

A fundamental belief in the mission of information access and the value of sharing information is why so many librarians also support the open access movement. In addition to this shared mission and value, there are also lessons the open access movement can learn by exploring how traditional ILL services – and …

Open Data Discourse: Consumer Acceptance Of Personal Cloud: Integrating Trust And Risk With The Technology Acceptance Model, Murad Moqbel, Valerie L. Bartelt

Information Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper provides the data used to analyze the conceptual replication of Pavlou (2003) by Moqbel and Bartelt (2015) which studied factors that impacted consumer’s behavioral intentions to make online transactions by integrating trust and perceived risk with the technology acceptance model (TAM). We provide a detailed description of the data so it meets the open data standards. In particular, we explain the structure of the data so that other researchers can easily analyze the same dataset to come to the same results and conclusions. Our dataset consists of 240 observations which includes the following constructs: perceived trust, perceived risk, …

Intended Continued Use Social Networking Sites: Effects On Job Satisfaction And Performance, Ned Kock, Murad Moqbel, Kevin Barton, Valerie L. Bartelt

Information Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Hedonic information systems are those that are used primarily for pleasure. Previous research has established that the intention to use hedonic information systems is explained mainly by perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment, with perceived usefulness to one’s job being given less importance. Facebook could be seen as a hedonic information system. This paper employs a cross-sectional survey of 178 professionals who used Facebook to various degrees. Predictably, the authors’ empirical results show that perceived enjoyment is indeed a much stronger determinant of intended continued Facebook use than ease of use or usefulness to one’s job, explaining a considerable …

The Persistence Of Open Access Electronic Journals, Elizabeth A. Lightfoot

Works of the FIU Libraries

Purpose – Open access (OA) electronic journals have been identified as potentially at risk of loss without more coordinated preservation efforts. The purpose of this paper is to test the current availability of OA electronic journals indexed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).

Design/methodology/approach – Using publicly available journal metadata downloaded from DOAJ, individual journal URLs were tested for validity and accessibility using a Microsoft Excel Visual Basic for Applications macro.

Findings – Initial results showed 69.51% of the URLs tested returned a successful HTTP status code. The remainder of the URLs returned codes that indicated redirection or …

Watching Rising Seas: Digital Curation Of Slr Communication, Robert E. Gutsche Jr., Zhaohui Fu, Jamie Rogers, Emily Devine, Daniela Hernandez, Florida International University, Samantha Smith

Sea Level Rise Collection

A poster presentation highlighting work my School of Journalism and Mass Communications students and faculty at FIU in capturing media, design, science, art and policy across FIU to tell stories of sea level research and action,

Understanding Work-Related Stress And Practice Of Professional Self-Care – An Innovative Pedagogical Approach, Kam Man Kenny Kwong

Graduate School of Social Work Publications and Research

Social workers experience tremendous work-related stress - particularly among those providing direct services in healthcare settings. A review of related literature summarized several critical challenges faced by social workers who work with highly difficult clients in these settings, including (a) clients who engage in manipulative high-risk behaviors; (b) clients with serious illness who have multiple relapses; (c) clients who attempt or commit suicide; and (d) those who perpetrate violent or aggressive acts against themselves or others. This paper described and evaluated three sets of experiential learning activities with graduate level social work students, designed to increase their self-awareness and understanding …

Physical Disability And Increased Loneliness Among Married Older Adults: The Role Of Changing Social Relations, David F. Warner, Scott A. Adams

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Examining the social context of disablement, we investigated how changes in social relations affect loneliness among married older men and women. With longitudinal data on 914 married persons from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), we found that changes in the quality of marital and nonmarital relations moderate the effect of disability on loneliness in unexpected ways. Increases in negative marital quality buffer the effect of physical disability, while increases in nonmarital support exacerbate it. Although not predicted by existing theory, these findings are consistent with some prior work suggesting that health-related stressors, like physical disability, condition …

Gender In The Slasher Film Genre, Brandon Bosch

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

It slices, it dices, it has entertained and scared audiences for decades—it’s the slasher film. Despite being dismissed by critics, the slasher film refuses to go away. Even if you don’t go to these movies, they are hard to escape, as every Halloween at least a few trick or treaters will dress up as a character from these movies. Given the longevity and popularity of this genre, I want to spend today talking about how these films often represent gender.

Scholars have also studied slasher films, and have provided a more formal definition than the one that I just provided. …

Economic Hardship, Parents’ Depression, And Relationship Distress Among Couples With Young Children, Deadric T. Williams, Jacob E. Cheadle

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study (N = 1,492 couples), we assessed stress, health selection, and couple-crossover hypotheses by examining (1) the bidirectional association between economic hardship and depressive symptoms one, three, and five years after the birth of a child; (2) the association between economic hardship and depressive symptoms on relationship distress for both parents; and (3) whether the associations vary by marital status. The results suggest a pernicious cycle for mothers after the birth of the child. Economic hardship increases depression, but maternal depression also increases economic hardship. These reinforcing mechanisms increase both mothers’ …

Birth Weight, Early Life Course Bmi, And Body Size Change: Chains Of Risk To Adult Inflammation?, Bridget J. Goosby, Jacob Cheadle, Thomas Mcdade

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

This paper examines how body size changes over the early life course predict high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in a U.S. based sample. Using three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), we test the chronic disease epidemiological models of fetal origins, sensitive periods, and chains of risk from birth into adulthood. Few studies link birth weight and changes in obesity status over adolescence and early adulthood to adult obesity and inflammation. Consistent with fetal origins and sensitive periods hypotheses, body size and obesity status at each developmental period, along with increasing body size between periods, are highly …

The Historical Loss Scale: Longitudinal Measurement Equivalence And Prospective Links To Anxiety Among North American Indigenous Adolescents, Brian E. Armenta, Les B. Whitbeck, Patrick Habecker

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Objectives—Thoughts of historical loss (i.e., the loss of culture, land, and people as a result of colonization) are conceptualized as a contributor to the contemporary distress experienced by North American Indigenous populations. Although discussions of historical loss and related constructs (e.g., historical trauma) are widespread within the Indigenous literature, empirical efforts to understand the consequence of historical loss are limited, partially because of the lack of valid assessments. In this study we evaluated the longitudinal measurement properties of the Historical Loss Scale (HLS)—a standardized measure that was developed to systematically examine the frequency with which Indigenous individuals think about …

Reasons For Tubal Sterilisation, Regret And Depressive Symptoms, Karina M. Shreffler, Arthur L. Greil, Julia Mcquillan, Kami L. Gallus

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Objective—To examine the associations between sterilisation reasons, regret, and depressive symptoms.

Study Design—Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White US women ages 25–45 who participated in the National Survey of Fertility Barriers (NSFB) and reported a tubal sterilisation surgery were included in the sample for this study (n=837). Logistic regression was used to examine how characteristics of the sterilisation surgery (reasons for sterilisation, time since sterilisation, and new relationship since sterilisation) are associated with the odds of sterilisation regret, and linear regression was used to examine associations between sterilisation regret, sociodemographic factors, and depressive symptoms.

Results—Findings revealed that 28 …