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2017

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Articles 25741 - 25770 of 25772

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Ada Lovelace Poster Rubric Sheet1.Pdf, Ian Mccullough Dec 2016

Ada Lovelace Poster Rubric Sheet1.Pdf, Ian Mccullough

Ian McCullough

Rubric for the Ada Lovelace Day Poster Session at the University of Akron.

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On Normative Effects Of Immigration Law.Pdf, Emily Ryo Dec 2016

On Normative Effects Of Immigration Law.Pdf, Emily Ryo

Emily Ryo

Can laws shape and mold our attitudes, values, and social norms, and if so, how do immigration laws affect our attitudes or views toward minority groups?  I explore these questions through a randomized laboratory experiment that examines whether and to what extent short-term exposures to anti-immigration and pro-immigration laws affect people’s implicit and explicit attitudes toward Latinos.  My analysis shows that exposure to an anti-immigration law is associated with increased perceptions among study participants that Latinos are unintelligent and law-breaking.  In contrast, I find no evidence that exposure to pro-immigration laws promoted positive attitudes toward Latinos.  Taken together, these results …

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The Promise Of A Subject-Centered Approach To Understanding Immigration Noncompliance, Emily Ryo Dec 2016

The Promise Of A Subject-Centered Approach To Understanding Immigration Noncompliance, Emily Ryo

Emily Ryo

Unauthorized immigrants and immigration enforcement are once again at the center of heated public debates and reform agendas. This paper examines the importance of applying a subject-centered approach to understanding immigration noncompliance and to developing effective, ethical, and equitable immigration policies. In general, a subject-centered approach focuses on the beliefs, values, and perceptions of individuals whose behavior the law seeks to regulate. This approach has been widely used in non-immigration law contexts to produce a richer and more nuanced understanding of legal noncompliance. By contrast, the subject-centered approach has been an overlooked and underappreciated tool in the study of immigration …

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Fostering Legal Cynicism Through Immigration Detention, Emily Ryo Dec 2016

Fostering Legal Cynicism Through Immigration Detention, Emily Ryo

Emily Ryo

Every year, tens of thousands of noncitizens in removal proceedings are held and processed through an expanding web of immigration detention facilities across the United States. The use of immigration detention is expected to dramatically increase under the Trump administration’s mass deportation policy. I argue that this civil confinement system may serve a critical socio-legal function that has escaped the attention of policymakers, scholars, and the public alike. Using extensive original data on long-term immigrant detainees, I explore how immigration detention might function as a site of legal socialization that helps to promote or reinforce widespread legal cynicism among immigrant …

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A Mobile, Avatar-Based App For Improving Body Perceptions Among Adolescents: A Pilot Test, Annmarie Lyles, Ashish Amresh, Jennifer Huberty, Michael Todd, Rebecca E. Lee Dec 2016

A Mobile, Avatar-Based App For Improving Body Perceptions Among Adolescents: A Pilot Test, Annmarie Lyles, Ashish Amresh, Jennifer Huberty, Michael Todd, Rebecca E. Lee

Ashish Amresh

BACKGROUND:
One barrier to effectively treating weight issues among adolescents is that they tend to use social comparison instead of objective measures to evaluate their own health status. When adolescents correctly perceive themselves as overweight, they are more likely to adopt healthy lifestyle behaviors.

OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this pilot test was to develop and assess acceptability and usability of an avatar-based, theoretically derived mobile app entitled Monitor Your Avatar (MYA).

METHODS:
The MYA app was engineered for high school adolescents to identify, using avatars, what they thought they looked like, what they wanted to look like, and what they …

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The Multiple Limas: Urban Design At The Periphery, Marwan Ghandour Dec 2016

The Multiple Limas: Urban Design At The Periphery, Marwan Ghandour

Marwan Ghandour

No abstract provided.

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The Impact Of Degree Of Exposure To Violent Video Games, Family Background, And Other Factors On Youth Violence, Whitney Decamp, Christopher J. Ferguson Dec 2016

The Impact Of Degree Of Exposure To Violent Video Games, Family Background, And Other Factors On Youth Violence, Whitney Decamp, Christopher J. Ferguson

Whitney DeCamp

Despite decades of study, no scholarly consensus has emerged regarding whether violent video games contribute to youth violence. Some skeptics contend that small correlations between violent game play and violence-related outcomes may be due to other factors, which include a wide range of possible effects from gender, mental health, and social influences. The current study examines this issue with a large and diverse (49% white, 21% black, 18% Hispanic, and 12% other or mixed race/ethnicity; 51% female) sample of youth in eighth (n=5,133) and eleventh grade (n=3,886). Models examining video game play and violence-related outcomes without any controls tended to …

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“Sports Will Keep ‘Em Out Of Trouble”: A Comparative Analysis Of Substance Use Among Adolescents And Young Adults, David C. Lane, Whitney Decamp Dec 2016

“Sports Will Keep ‘Em Out Of Trouble”: A Comparative Analysis Of Substance Use Among Adolescents And Young Adults, David C. Lane, Whitney Decamp

Whitney DeCamp

Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, steroids, and other drug use among high school and college students in the state of Delaware. This builds on previous research examining the dynamics of substance use and sports participation.

Methods: The data come from the Delaware High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS-HS) and the College Risk Behaviors Study (CRBS), which are used to compare athletes and non-athletes. There were 7,781 high school students from the YRBS-HS and 4,019 college students from the CRBS in the sample.

Results: Findings indicate that participants in team sports at the …

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Who Plays Violent Video Games? An Exploratory Analysis Of Predictors Of Playing Violent Games, Whitney Decamp Dec 2016

Who Plays Violent Video Games? An Exploratory Analysis Of Predictors Of Playing Violent Games, Whitney Decamp

Whitney DeCamp

For roughly two decades, academics, politicians, and the media have debated the relationship between playing violent video games and engaging in violent acts. Despite the extensive attention paid to this possible outcome, no such spotlight has been placed on what leads to youth playing violent video games, which would provide the necessary context for potential later effects. The present study uses five datasets that include over 19,000 American youth in fifth through twelfth grades to provide an exploratory, inductive investigation into the predictors of playing violent video games. The results identify several themes of predictors of violent game play, including …

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Sexuality In The Time Of War, Or, How Rape Became A Crime Against Humanity, Sharon Sliwinski Dec 2016

Sexuality In The Time Of War, Or, How Rape Became A Crime Against Humanity, Sharon Sliwinski

Sharon Sliwinski

Working closely with women's testimonies from the genocides in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, this chapter aims to widen space in contemporary human rights discourse for discussion about sexuality--and in particular about the ways sexual violence functions as one of the forces of sovereign power. There is an intimate and largely non-visible strategy that sovereign power has at its disposal to cleave a subject from their capacity to live a human life, namely, by attacking the individual’s sense of sovereignty over her own body. 

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“Pinkwashing.”, Gema Pérez-Sánchez Dec 2016

“Pinkwashing.”, Gema Pérez-Sánchez

Gema Pérez-Sánchez

No abstract provided.

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Adam Newmark.Jpg Dec 2016

Adam Newmark.Jpg

Dr. Adam Newmark

Photo by Marie Freeman

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Confronting The Popular Anthropocene: Toward An Ecology Of Hope, Jason W. Moore Dec 2016

Confronting The Popular Anthropocene: Toward An Ecology Of Hope, Jason W. Moore

Jason W. Moore

No abstract provided.

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Acoustic Classification Of Focus: On The Web And In The Lab, Jonathan Howell, Mats Rooth, Michael Wagner Dec 2016

Acoustic Classification Of Focus: On The Web And In The Lab, Jonathan Howell, Mats Rooth, Michael Wagner

Jonathan Howell

We present a new methodological approach which combines both naturally-occurring speech harvested on the web and speech data elicited in the laboratory. This proof-of-concept study examines the phenomenon of focus sensitivity in English, in which the interpretation of particular grammatical constructions (e.g., the comparative) is sensitive to the location of prosodic prominence. Machine learning algorithms (support vector machines and linear discriminant analysis) and human perception experiments are used to cross-validate the web-harvested and lab-elicited speech. Results con rm the theoretical predictions for location of prominence in comparative clauses and the advantages using both web-harvested and lab-elicited speech. The most robust …

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Reduced Structure In Malagasy Headlines, Ileana Paul Dec 2016

Reduced Structure In Malagasy Headlines, Ileana Paul

Ileana Paul

This paper examines the register associated with headlines in Malagasy. While in many
languages headlines appear to have reduced structure as evidenced by the absence of certain
grammatical markers (determiners, copulas, tense), Malagasy headlines show a change in word
order from VOS to SVO. It is argued that like English, Malagasy headlines involve a truncated
syntactic structure and that the absence of certain functional projections accounts for the change
in word order.

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Culminating And Non-Culminating Accomplishments In Malagasy, Ileana Paul, Baholisoa Simone Ralalaoherivony, Henriëtte De Swart Dec 2016

Culminating And Non-Culminating Accomplishments In Malagasy, Ileana Paul, Baholisoa Simone Ralalaoherivony, Henriëtte De Swart

Ileana Paul

Malagasy is a language with non-culminating accomplishments. There is, however, a specific prefix (maha-), which appears to entail culmination. Moreover, verbs prefixed with maha- display a range of interpretations: causative, abilitive, ‘manage to’, and unintentionality. This paper accounts for these two aspects of this prefix with a unified semantic analysis.  In particular, maha- encodes double prevention, as proposed by Wolff (2007, 2014) for English predicates like enable. The double prevention configuration is associated with a circumstantial modal base, which leads to culminating readings in the past and future. As such, this paper supports a more fine-grained theory …

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Writing To Have No Face: The Orientation Of Anonymity In Twitter, Les Hutchinson Dec 2016

Writing To Have No Face: The Orientation Of Anonymity In Twitter, Les Hutchinson

Les Hutchinson

I am no doubt not the only one who writes in order to have no face. Do not ask who I am and do not ask me to remain the same: leave it to our bureaucrats and our police to see that our papers are in order. At least spare us their morality when we write.
—Foucault

Foucault isn’t the only one. This chapter is a story about how I wrote to have no face; it is my anonymity story. Late in 2011, I became fascinated by the Guy Fawkes/pirate flag avatars that I saw all over social media. Who …

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Reviewed Work: Dispatches From The Arab Spring: Understanding The New Middle East By Amarpaul, Prashadvijay Dec 2016

Reviewed Work: Dispatches From The Arab Spring: Understanding The New Middle East By Amarpaul, Prashadvijay

Jaleh Fazelian

Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Iraq, and Sudan. As one might expect, the chapters vary in length and detail that often times correlates to the level of uprising that happened in each country. One finds lengthy chapters on Egypt, Libya, Syria, and, interestingly, Sudan. Each of these chapters would be an excellent primer on these countries for those not intimately familiar with their rich histories.
While the shorter chapters tend to cover countries that had small, easily quelled uprisings or no uprising at all, that is not true of the chapter on Tunisia. The …

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Cathy Marcum.Jpg, Catherine Marcum Dec 2016

Cathy Marcum.Jpg, Catherine Marcum

Dr. Cathy Marcum

No abstract provided.

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The Comparative Method Of The Most Similar And Most-Different Systems For Crisis Communication Research, Claudia Janssen Danyi, Paul Danyi Dec 2016

The Comparative Method Of The Most Similar And Most-Different Systems For Crisis Communication Research, Claudia Janssen Danyi, Paul Danyi

Paul Danyi

This article contributes to research methodology in crisis communication. It explores the
potentialities, values, and limitations of the comparative method of most-different and most similar
systems for crisis communication research by reviewing its development and
application within the field of comparative politics. As a social scientific mode of inquiry, we
propose that this research method has the potential to bridge crisis communication research’s
rich legacy of interpretive case studies with its growing body of experimental research, and
that it can add an intriguing layer of inquiry to the field. Concluding, the article suggests
directions for future comparative crisis communication research.

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¿Hablas Castellano? Do You Speak English? O Xerres Mallorquí?: Ideologías Y Actitudes Lingüísticas En Mallorca En Una Era De Crisis Económica, Andrew Lynch, Francisca Aguiló Mora Dec 2016

¿Hablas Castellano? Do You Speak English? O Xerres Mallorquí?: Ideologías Y Actitudes Lingüísticas En Mallorca En Una Era De Crisis Económica, Andrew Lynch, Francisca Aguiló Mora

Andrew Lynch

Desde 2011 hasta 2015, el presidente del gobierno de las Illes Balears
llevó a cabo una serie de reformas lingü.sticas con el supuesto objetivo de abrir
las puertas del mercado laboral local y global a la población balear. En reacción
a estas políticas, una parte significativa de la población balear salió a la calle
acusando al gobierno de enmascarar un ataque a la lengua catalana. A partir de
un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de datos de 316 encuestas a residentes y 20
entrevistas personales, examinamos las actitudes e ideologías que la población
mallorquina alberga respecto al conflicto lingü.stico más reciente, …

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Estimating The Effects Of Nutrition Label Use On Canadian Consumer Diet-Health Concerns Using Propensity Score Matching, Sven Anders, Christiane Schroeter Dec 2016

Estimating The Effects Of Nutrition Label Use On Canadian Consumer Diet-Health Concerns Using Propensity Score Matching, Sven Anders, Christiane Schroeter

Christiane Schroeter

he overarching goal of nutrition labelling is to transform intrinsic credence attributes into search- able cues, which would enable consumers to make informed food choices at lower search costs. This study estimates the impact of nutrition label usage on Canadian consumers’ (n 5 8,114) per- ceived diet-health concerns using alternative propensity score matching (PSM) techniques. We apply a series of tests and sensitivity analyses to overcome issues of endogeneity and selection bias frequently found in studies of diet-health behaviour and to validate the impact of exposure to nutrition facts labels for users vs. non-users. Our results support the …

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Politics Of African Anticolonial Archive, Shiera S. Malik, Isaac Kamola Dec 2016

Politics Of African Anticolonial Archive, Shiera S. Malik, Isaac Kamola

Shiera S el-Malik

African political writing of the mid-20th century seeks to critically engage with questions of identity, history, and the state for the purpose of national and human liberation. 

This volume collects an array of essays that reflect on anticolonialism in Africa, broadly defined. Each contribution connects the historical period with the anticolonial present through a critical examination of what constitutes the anticolonial archive. The volume considers archive in a Derridean sense, as always in the process of being constructed such that the assessment of the African anticolonial archive is one that involves a contemporary process of curating. The essays in …

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Healthy Habits Of Hmong Students By Disability, Pa Der Vang Dec 2016

Healthy Habits Of Hmong Students By Disability, Pa Der Vang

Pa Der Vang, PhD, MSW, LICSW

Background: Immigrants are at risk of being obese from obesogenic environments and face factors which
limit physical activity and healthy eating. While Hmong immigrants acknowledge the importance of
healthy eating and physical activity, to our knowledge no studies have looked at health promoting behaviors
among Hmong adolescents with and without disabilities.
Objective: In this paper, we seek to provide baseline data about physical activity and healthy eating
among Hmong high school students with disabilities in Minnesota.
Methods: We used data from the 2016 Minnesota Student Survey. The study included responses from
1,824 Hmong high school students. We compared physical activity …

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Direct Practice: Domain, Philosophy, And Roles, Pa Der Vang Dec 2016

Direct Practice: Domain, Philosophy, And Roles, Pa Der Vang

Pa Der Vang, PhD, MSW, LICSW

No abstract provided.

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Taste Testing For Two: Using Formative And Summative Assessment, Elisa Slater Acosta, Katherine Donaldson Dec 2016

Taste Testing For Two: Using Formative And Summative Assessment, Elisa Slater Acosta, Katherine Donaldson

Elisa Slater Acosta

This activity was created to introduce first-year students to library resources they can use for their annotated bibliography assignment. In pairs, students are assigned a task card that requires them to find an information source. After finding a source meeting the criteria of their task card, the student teams input their answers into a Google Form. Formative assessment takes place during class, allowing the librarian to modify instruction on-the-spot based on the responses from the form.

Summative assessment takes place at the end of the semester, when a rubric is applied to a sample of student responses from the activity. …

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Habitus And The Labor Of Representation Among Elite Professionals, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2016

Habitus And The Labor Of Representation Among Elite Professionals, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

This paper reports findings from an 8-year study of the embodiment, acquisition, and consequences
of habitus in the wealth management profession. The study contributes in three ways to the ongoing
effort to apply Bourdieu’s theories to contemporary professional service work. First, it sheds light on
the agency of individual practitioners in manifesting habitus, including the avoidance of certain behaviors
in interactions with clients and peers. Second, it looks in greater depth at the process of acquiring
habitus through work experiences, particularly among those who come to the profession
without a suitable primary habitus; the findings suggest that having a fragmented …

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Studying Elite Professionals In Transnational Settings, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2016

Studying Elite Professionals In Transnational Settings, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

Reflections on the special challenges of studying professionals when conducting ethnographies of elites.

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Fraud And Fantasy: Toward A New Research Agenda For Economic Sociology, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2016

Fraud And Fantasy: Toward A New Research Agenda For Economic Sociology, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

This brief article looks at the role of deception and fraud in capitalism--a neglected issue within economic sociology--and suggests a research agenda to build knowledge in this area.

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Workplace Dignity, Kristen Lucas Dec 2016

Workplace Dignity, Kristen Lucas

Kristen Lucas

Workplace dignity is the self-recognized and other-recognized worth acquired from engaging in work activity. Grounded in philosophy and sociology, workplace dignity is a multifaceted phenomenon that reflects multiple and overlapping meanings: dignity as recognition of inherent human value, respect, autonomy, contribution, and status. These different meanings are called upon in current research that addresses problematic workplaces, responses to dignity threats, and vulnerable populations. Organizational communication researchers are uniquely poised to contribute to this growing body of knowledge because of the central role micro-, meso-, and macrolevel messages play in affirming and denying workplace dignity.

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