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2019

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Articles 26251 - 26280 of 31914

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Bernard Fall And Vietnamese Revolutionary Warfare In Indochina, Nathaniel Lawson Moir Jan 2019

Bernard Fall And Vietnamese Revolutionary Warfare In Indochina, Nathaniel Lawson Moir

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

What accounts for Bernard Fall’s understanding and description of Vietnamese Revolutionary Warfare in Indochina? How did formative experiences during and after the Second World War actuate Fall’s thought on the political nature of warfare in Indochina? What distinguished Fall’s thought on revolutionary warfare from others? Bernard Fall and Vietnamese Revolutionary Warfare in Indochina addresses these questions through an intellectual history and contextual biography of Bernard Fall’s scholarship on the First and Second Indochina Wars. Bernard Fall, an authority on Vietnamese history, society, and the First Indochina War, began to explain in 1957 that subsequent war in Vietnam could not be …

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Legislation To Reduce Microplastic Pollution : Understanding The Factors That Facilitated Passage Of The Federal Microbead-Free Waters Act Of 2015, Alyson Kelly Northrup Jan 2019

Legislation To Reduce Microplastic Pollution : Understanding The Factors That Facilitated Passage Of The Federal Microbead-Free Waters Act Of 2015, Alyson Kelly Northrup

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The full environmental impacts of microplastic pollution in aquatic environments remain uncertain, but several detrimental effects have been documented, including adverse health effects in multiple species and the susceptibility of microplastics to adsorb toxins and leach plastic additives. Plastic microbeads from rinse-off personal care products are a source of microplastic pollution that is introduced directly into the environment through runoff, including wastewater treatment plant effluent. In December 2015, the federal Microbead-free Waters Act of 2015 banned the manufacture and sale of all rinse-off personal care products containing plastic microbeads in the United States.

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The Long-Term Consequences Of Adolescents' Comparative Economic Position In School, Kiwoong Park Jan 2019

The Long-Term Consequences Of Adolescents' Comparative Economic Position In School, Kiwoong Park

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The goal of this dissertation project is to investigate how adolescents’ comparative socioeconomic positions within their schools shape their short- and long-term outcomes, including later health, educational expectations and attainment, and the risk of having a nonmarital first birth. Although social comparison theory posits that individual well-being depends on the standings of others with whom one compares oneself, as well as on one’s own absolute standing, the empirical evidence of the theory has been mixed and controversial. This project argues that inconsistent findings may arise from difficulty in measuring reference groups, temporal ambiguity between exposures and outcomes, and methodological limitations.

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Differential Benefits Of Prekindergarten For Low-Income Black Children : A Quasi-Experimental Study, Janice Marie Parker Jan 2019

Differential Benefits Of Prekindergarten For Low-Income Black Children : A Quasi-Experimental Study, Janice Marie Parker

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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The Aids Volcano : Narratives Of Hiv/Aids In The Iranian Public Sphere, Elham Pourtaher Jan 2019

The Aids Volcano : Narratives Of Hiv/Aids In The Iranian Public Sphere, Elham Pourtaher

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Broadly construed, this thesis will examine the transformations in the socio-cultural construction of HIV/AIDS in Iran from the joint perspectives of media and medical sociology. Until recently, official public narratives in Iran primarily regarded AIDS to be a drug-related disease. However, beginning from the early 2010s, a new narrative frame (often called as “the third wave”) introduces a significant “alarming” collective shift in the transmissions modes of the disease toward sexual pathways. Having observed the rather rapid transformation of the public AIDS framing, this research began with an empirical question: considering the fact that the shift implied the prevalence of …

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The Role Of Progesterone Receptor In The Development Of The Mesocortical Serotonergic Pathway, Allyssa Phillips Jan 2019

The Role Of Progesterone Receptor In The Development Of The Mesocortical Serotonergic Pathway, Allyssa Phillips

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The mesocortical serotonergic pathway, consisting of serotonergic fibers projecting from the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) to the prefrontal cortex (PFC), regulates higher order executive functions and complex cognitive behaviors. Disruptions in this pathway lead to dysfunction in behavior and have been linked to several clinical disorders, including anxiety and ADHD. While this pathway continues to change throughout the lifespan, it is during early development that this pathway undergoes a rapid period of maturation, with the greatest rate of fiber innervation and synaptogenesis occurring in the mesocortical serotonergic pathway at this time. The development of a properly functioning circuit is directed …

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Characterization Of A Novel, Stress-Responsive Sexually Dimorphic Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor 1 (Crfr1) Nucleus In The Rostral Anteroventral Periventricular Nucleus Of The Mouse, Zachary Julius Rosinger Jan 2019

Characterization Of A Novel, Stress-Responsive Sexually Dimorphic Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor 1 (Crfr1) Nucleus In The Rostral Anteroventral Periventricular Nucleus Of The Mouse, Zachary Julius Rosinger

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Within the United States, women are at double the risk of men to develop a stress-related mood disorder (e.g., anxiety or depression) during their reproductive years (Kornstein et al., 2000; Kessler et al., 2005). Many factors contribute to the potential sex difference in such disorders, including gonadal hormones (hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; HPG) and how they interact with the stress response system, or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signals through binding the GS-coupled receptor, CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1), and activity between CRF/CRFR1 regulates the hormonal and behavioral stress response (Chen et al., 1993; Bale and Vale, 2004; Heinrichs et al., 1995; …

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Integration Of Cultural Competency In Delivery Of Mental Health Services To Latinos :, Jacqueline V. Richardson-Melecio Jan 2019

Integration Of Cultural Competency In Delivery Of Mental Health Services To Latinos :, Jacqueline V. Richardson-Melecio

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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Developmental Changes In The Activation And Structure Of The Contextual Fear Neural Circuit From Infancy To Adulthood, Anthony John Santarelli Jan 2019

Developmental Changes In The Activation And Structure Of The Contextual Fear Neural Circuit From Infancy To Adulthood, Anthony John Santarelli

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The contextual fear circuit, centered on the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA), is comprised of projections from the hippocampal formation and prefrontal cortex, and mediates an animals ability to learn and predict associations between the environment and biologically relevant stimuli. While the function and structure of this circuit has been well characterized in adult species, relatively little is known about its development as an animal transitions from infancy to adulthood. Recent evidence has begun to suggest that infants, juveniles, and adolescents may show remarkable heterogeneity in the behavioral, activational, and structural properties of the circuit. In this thesis, I …

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Understanding The Adoption And Implementation Of Body Worn Camera Policies In State And Local Governments And Their Effects On Police Behavior, Sunyoung Pyo Jan 2019

Understanding The Adoption And Implementation Of Body Worn Camera Policies In State And Local Governments And Their Effects On Police Behavior, Sunyoung Pyo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The body worn camera (BWC) policy in the United States was introduced as a response to public demand for governmental action to decrease police use of deadly force after several highly-visible police shooting incidents involving Black residents occurred. Given the recent introduction of BWC technology, past studies on BWCs have primarily focused on examining whether BWC implementation influences the desired outcomes including a decrease in police use of force and citizen complaints. However, a deeper analysis of why BWCs were adopted and implemented and how their implementation influences everyday police work activity can provide a more comprehensive understanding on the …

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How Much Weight Do Organizational Personality Inferences Have On Judgments Of Organizations?, Levi Sassaman Jan 2019

How Much Weight Do Organizational Personality Inferences Have On Judgments Of Organizations?, Levi Sassaman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Organizational personality inferences are the human-like attributes individuals ascribe to organizations. Extant research has shown that individuals can reliably distinguish organizations on these traits, and that these inferences can influence individuals’ judgments of organizations. Theory of Symbolic Attraction (TSA) posits that the importance given to an organizational personality trait when forming judgments depends on the type of person. Utilizing a full-factorial policy capturing design, this study (1) investigated how much weight individuals give to each personality factor when forming judgments of organizations, and (2) tested TSA propositions that individual social identity concerns moderate the weight given. Results show that organizational …

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Emotion Forecasting In Dyadic Conversation : Characterizing And Predicting Future Emotion With Audio-Visual Information Using Deep Learning, Sadat Shahriar Jan 2019

Emotion Forecasting In Dyadic Conversation : Characterizing And Predicting Future Emotion With Audio-Visual Information Using Deep Learning, Sadat Shahriar

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Emotion forecasting is the task of predicting the future emotion of a speaker, i.e., the emotion label of the future speaking turn–based on the speaker’s past and current audio-visual cues. Emotion forecasting systems require new problem formulations that differ from traditional emotion recognition systems. In this thesis, we first explore two types of forecasting windows(i.e., analysis windows for which the speaker’s emotion is being forecasted): utterance forecasting and time forecasting. Utterance forecasting is based on speaking turns and forecasts what the speaker’s emotion will be after one, two, or three speaking turns. Time forecasting forecasts what the speaker’s emotion will …

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The Everyday Sacred : A Symbolic Analysis Of Contemporary Yucatec Maya Women's Daily Realities, Crystal Sheedy Jan 2019

The Everyday Sacred : A Symbolic Analysis Of Contemporary Yucatec Maya Women's Daily Realities, Crystal Sheedy

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

As a collaborative effort between myself and the Maya women with whom I worked, who live in Xocén, this dissertation seeks to illuminate the sacred world of Maya women, as well as dismantle the insidious narrative that younger generations of Mayas are losing their culture. Instrumental to this process is the use of decolonial methods (Lawless 1993) and descriptive theoretical premises (Geertz 1973; Turner 1967, 1969) that allowed me to analyze Maya women’s discursive speech, referred to as both chismes and heridos in Spanish, which can be translated as gossip, as well as the speech genre of u t’àan nukuč …

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Family Instability As A Turning Point In The Life-Course : An Examination Of Whether And How Family Instability And Specific Types Of Family Instability Directly And Indirectly Influence Delinquency, Walter Shelley Jan 2019

Family Instability As A Turning Point In The Life-Course : An Examination Of Whether And How Family Instability And Specific Types Of Family Instability Directly And Indirectly Influence Delinquency, Walter Shelley

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

“A family’s resources and the doors they open cast a long shadow over children’s life trajectories…This view is at odds with the popular ethos that we are makers of our own fortune.” (Alexander, Entwisle, & Olson, 2010, pg. 1). Perhaps no aspect about an individual’s life is not shaped in some way by their family. In fact, it could be surmised that families set the stage for all later outcomes in the life-course. An event in a family such as family instability could play an important role in shaping an individual’s behavior and outcomes in their life course. However, heterogeneity …

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Remote Sensing Of Planetary Boundary Layer Height And Particulate Matter 2.5 In New York State Mesonet Network, Bhupal Shrestha Jan 2019

Remote Sensing Of Planetary Boundary Layer Height And Particulate Matter 2.5 In New York State Mesonet Network, Bhupal Shrestha

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract:

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Sanctions-Busting And The Signing Of New Preferential Trade Agreements And Bilateral Investment Treaties, Yi-Hao Su Jan 2019

Sanctions-Busting And The Signing Of New Preferential Trade Agreements And Bilateral Investment Treaties, Yi-Hao Su

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Why does the imposition of sanctions sometimes encourage the signing of new preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and bilateral investment treaties (BITs) between target states and their trade partners? I develop the theory that “trade plants the flag” and the argument of “chomping at the BIT” to explain how the trade-based and foreign direct investment (FDI)-based sanctions-busting behavior of firms drives their home governments to sign new PTAs and BITs with target states. The notion that “trade plants the flag” reveals that sanctions-busting firms exercise political influence on governments to reinforce their competitiveness in sanctioned states by concluding the PTA negotiation. …

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Housing In China's Urbanization Process, Zequn Tang Jan 2019

Housing In China's Urbanization Process, Zequn Tang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Housing is the most important component of household assets in urban China. The economic strata increasingly depend on the distribution of assets rather than merely on the income, and the distribution of assets increasingly depends on the distribution of housing wealth in Chinese society. This unprecedentedly high status of housing is achieved in a rapid urbanization process. Situating itself in China’s urbanization and real estate boom, this dissertation looks into the contemporary housing distribution in urban China and reflects on the relationship between human-centered urbanization and built environment urbanization. It seeks to answer three questions. How might China’s land finance …

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Human Error In Police Involved Shootings, Paul L. Taylor Jan 2019

Human Error In Police Involved Shootings, Paul L. Taylor

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Police use of deadly force has become one of the most contentious and controversial aspects of the U.S. criminal justice system. Yet, the vast majority of police shootings never rise to the level of public consciousness (Zimring, 2017). Instead, the public discourse and controversy tends to center on a handful of cases that appear excessive and/or are difficult to understand (Pickering & Klinger, 2016). As a result, these cases have a disproportionate impact on the public’s perception of police legitimacy and competence, particularly when it comes to their use of deadly force (Gua, 2014). The outcomes of many of these …

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Does Testing Episodic "Lion-Tiger" And/Or "Tiger-Stripes" Associations Facilitate Later "Lion-Stripes" Learning, Deana Vitrano Jan 2019

Does Testing Episodic "Lion-Tiger" And/Or "Tiger-Stripes" Associations Facilitate Later "Lion-Stripes" Learning, Deana Vitrano

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The current experiments examined Pyc and Rawson’s (2010) mediator effectiveness hypothesis (MEH) as one potential explanation of the beneficial effects of testing relative to restudying in paired-associate learning. In two experiments, participants learned cue-mediator-target triads (e.g., lion-tiger-stripes) broken down into separate components. Specifically, participants learned and then restudied or were tested on cue-mediator (List 1) and mediator-target (List 2) word pairs in Session 1, and in a Session 2 given 48 hours later learned cue-target (List 3) word pairs. According to Pyc and Rawson, compared to restudying, testing on List 1 cue-mediator and List 2 mediator-target word pairs should lead …

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Stereotypes And Phenotypes : Using Machine Learning To Examine Racial Implicit Bias In Sex Offender Criminal Case Processing, Christine M. Walsh Jan 2019

Stereotypes And Phenotypes : Using Machine Learning To Examine Racial Implicit Bias In Sex Offender Criminal Case Processing, Christine M. Walsh

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The role of offender race/ethnicity and potential bias in criminal case outcomes is a popular topic both culturally and academically. Although a common research subject, the existing literature remains inconsistent and limited when focusing on sex offender sentencing outcomes. This dissertation uses data collected from the New York State public sex offender registry on white, black, and Hispanic males to examine the effect of offender racial/ethnic phenotype on two sentencing outcomes: sentence type and sentence length. Offender phenotype is measured through three facial features: nose width, lip fullness, and eye shape. These facial features were chosen from existing literature, however, …

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Empirical Essays On Science And New Technology Adoption, Huifeng Yu Jan 2019

Empirical Essays On Science And New Technology Adoption, Huifeng Yu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The first chapter studies how the quantity and quality of research output varies over the career using 5.6 million biomedical science articles published over three decades. We show that controlling for selective attrition reconciles conflicts in a longstanding, interdisciplinary literature. While research quality declines monotonically over the career, this decline is easily overlooked because the highest “ability” authors have the longest publishing careers. Our results have implications for broader questions of human capital accumulation over the career and also for federal research policies that shift funding from late- to early-career researchers – while providing more funding to researchers when they …

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Examining The Influence Of Technology Affordances Of Fitness Trackers And Health Psychographic Factors On Physical Activity, Xin Zhou Jan 2019

Examining The Influence Of Technology Affordances Of Fitness Trackers And Health Psychographic Factors On Physical Activity, Xin Zhou

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Fitness trackers have immense potential to improve individuals’ health behaviors and health outcomes. Studies in disciplines such as public health, communication technology and information systems, have examined factors that can predict use of fitness trackers and their influence on health-related behaviors. However, not much is known about (1) which element(s) of fitness trackers affect individuals’ health behaviors, and (2) the psychological mechanism that guides the relationships between individuals’ health-related beliefs and use of fitness trackers on physical activity behaviors. Guided by the Motivational Technology Model (MTM) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this dissertation examined the influence of technology affordances (i.e., customization, …

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Education, Skills, And Wage Outcomes Among Mid-Career Adults : A Cross-National Study, Kai Zhou Jan 2019

Education, Skills, And Wage Outcomes Among Mid-Career Adults : A Cross-National Study, Kai Zhou

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Interest in the role of non-cognitive skills on successful life outcomes (such as academic performance) has increased in recent years. Policy makers in many countries have prioritized the learning of non-cognitive skills in the school curriculum and training frameworks. Although studies in labor economics have provided important insights about the impact of non-cognitive skills on earnings (e.g., Lindqvist and Vestman 2011; Heckman, Stixrud, and Urzua 2006), solid evidence about how labor markets produce or facilitate the acquisition of non-cognitive skills in different country settings is lacking. The linkage between education, skills and wages has been at the core discussion of …

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The Role Of Interrole Transitioning In The Conflict And Enrichment Of Work And Family, John Paul Agosta Jan 2019

The Role Of Interrole Transitioning In The Conflict And Enrichment Of Work And Family, John Paul Agosta

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study focuses on how full-time, sandwiched workers (i.e., those who are dual-caregivers, providing care to both their children and elders) experience interrole transitioning from both the work and family roles, and tests whether affective reactions to transitioning relate to work and family outcomes. This study has three specific objectives: 1) assess the extent to which bi-directional interrole transitioning (i.e., the switching between two different roles while located in one role) predicts bi-directional work-family conflict; 2) examine if interrole transitioning relates to bi-directional work-family enrichment in this population, and 3) test whether or not employees’ affective reactions to interrole transitioning …

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Green Politics, Expertise, And Democratic Discourse In The Two Germanies, 1989-2019, Carol Hager Jan 2019

Green Politics, Expertise, And Democratic Discourse In The Two Germanies, 1989-2019, Carol Hager

Political Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

Environmental movements became a major vehicle for promoting citizen participation in both East and West Germany during the 1980s. Their critiques of industrial society, however, reflected the different constellations of power in their respective countries. Movements in both East and West formed green parties, but their disparate understandings of power, expertise, and democracy complicated the parties’ efforts to coalesce during the unification process and to play a major role in German politics after unification. I propose that the persistence of this East-West divide helps explain the continuing discrepancy in the appeal of Alliance 90/The Greens in the old and new …

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New Materialism: An Ontology For The Anthropocene, Melinda Harm Benson Jan 2019

New Materialism: An Ontology For The Anthropocene, Melinda Harm Benson

Natural Resources Journal

This article argues that the Anthropocene is not simply a new geologic epoch; it is an opportunity to embrace a new ontology. In it, we can reconfigure our orientation to the material world. The current, dominant ontology casts humans as villains responsible for mass extinctions, polluted oceans, and climate change. This ontology reinforces a familiar binary—one in which humans are separate from and doing things to nature. Humans are ruining the planet, causing it to fundamentally change in ways that are not “natural” precisely because humans are the agent of change. This view is perhaps best described by environmentalist Bill …

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A Lightweight Privacy-Preserving Fair Meeting Location Determination Scheme, Hua Shen, Mingwu Zhang, Hao Wang, Fuchun Guo, Willy Susilo Jan 2019

A Lightweight Privacy-Preserving Fair Meeting Location Determination Scheme, Hua Shen, Mingwu Zhang, Hao Wang, Fuchun Guo, Willy Susilo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Equipped with mobile devices, people relied on location-based services can expediently and reasonably organize their activities. But location information may disclose people's sensitive information, such as interests, health status. Besides, the limited resources of mobile devices restrict the further development of location-based services. In this paper, aiming at the fair meeting position determination service, we design a lightweight privacy-preserving solution. In our scheme, mobile users only need to submit service requests. A cloud server and a location services provider are responsible for service response, where the cloud server achieves most of the calculation, and the location services provider determines the …

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Mhealth Medical Record To Contribute To Noncommunicable Diseases In Indonesia, Dedi Iskandar Inan, Khin Than Win, Ratna Juita Jan 2019

Mhealth Medical Record To Contribute To Noncommunicable Diseases In Indonesia, Dedi Iskandar Inan, Khin Than Win, Ratna Juita

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2019 The Authors. NonCommunicable Diseases (NCDs) have been the public concern worldwide, both in developed and developing countries. The issues are not only about the number of mortality but also the economic implications caused by the diseases. This paper aims to exploit the mobile technology potential by developing an mHealth medical record to assist the prevention and controlling of diseases in Indonesia, particularly in the West Papua Province. Design Science Research (DSR) methodology in Information System (IS) is employed to guide these research activities. This solution enables the medical data to be deposited by a person directly and personally utilising …

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A Novel Empirical Heat Transfer Model For A Solar Thermal Storage Process Using Phase Change Materials, Yu Bie, Ming Li, Fei Chen, Grzegorz Krolczyk, Lin Yang, Zhixiong Li, Weihua Li Jan 2019

A Novel Empirical Heat Transfer Model For A Solar Thermal Storage Process Using Phase Change Materials, Yu Bie, Ming Li, Fei Chen, Grzegorz Krolczyk, Lin Yang, Zhixiong Li, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Numerical and experimental analyses are often used to evaluate the solar thermal system with latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). However, the relationship between the numerical simulation and actual heat transfer process is still unclear. This work compares the simulated average temperature of two different phase change materials (PCMs) with experimental result at different operation conditions for the purpose of developing a temperature correction model. A novel empirical heat transfer model is then established to improve the simulation accuracy of PCM-based solar thermal systems. The contributions of this work include that (1) the system performance could be evaluated by the …

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Microbial Electrolysis Followed By Chemical Precipitation For Effective Nutrients Recovery From Digested Sludge Centrate In Wwtps, Sajib Barua, Basem Zakaria, Tae Chung, Faisal I. Hai, Tesfaalem Haile, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Bipro R. Dhar Jan 2019

Microbial Electrolysis Followed By Chemical Precipitation For Effective Nutrients Recovery From Digested Sludge Centrate In Wwtps, Sajib Barua, Basem Zakaria, Tae Chung, Faisal I. Hai, Tesfaalem Haile, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Bipro R. Dhar

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

No abstract provided.

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