Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2019

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 26491 - 26520 of 31912

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Achieving Genuine Progress: An Exploration Of The Well-Being Increasing And Decreasing Components Of Economic Activity, James Erickson Jan 2019

Achieving Genuine Progress: An Exploration Of The Well-Being Increasing And Decreasing Components Of Economic Activity, James Erickson

Economics Student Theses and Capstone Projects

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is one of the most well-known and used economic indicator to measure the strength and size of an economy. However, too often the assumption is made that the higher the GDP of a country, the better off the people are. Using GDP to measure the wellbeing can lead to the unwanted consequence of a reduction in well-being by economic policies being made to further expand GDP. Because of this, another indicator is needed to measure the well-being of an economy. The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) attempts to measure wellbeing by taking into account both economic activity …

Go to article

It Depends: The Maturity Of Cultural Economics And Its Public Policy Debates, Terence Durrant Jan 2019

It Depends: The Maturity Of Cultural Economics And Its Public Policy Debates, Terence Durrant

Economics Student Theses and Capstone Projects

This paper explores a few core cultural economic theories such as Baumol’s Cost Disease and Crowding out/Crowding in effects, and it delves in the why, the how, and the how much of the public subsidy debate within economics. It asses all of these topics using an academic life cycle framework to determine if the field of cultural economics is mature enough to truly be giving recommendations to government. The author finds that there is conflict in terms of policy implication and a lack of data. Leading to the discovery that the field of Cultural Economics is not mature enough to …

Go to article

Punitive Profit: An Analysis Of Privatization And Prisons As Engines Of Economic, Isabel Carey Jan 2019

Punitive Profit: An Analysis Of Privatization And Prisons As Engines Of Economic, Isabel Carey

Economics Student Theses and Capstone Projects

During the Prison Boom period (late 1980s through 2000), the US saw a dramatic increase in the number of prisons across rural America. Increasingly, policy makers came to see and use prisons as vehicles of economic growth intended to invigorate stagnant economies. This paper seeks to analyze the effectiveness of these promises by analyzing the effect of prisons on per capita income, unemployment, and poverty rates. I build on previous scholarship by differentiating between public and private prisons in my analysis. My results suggest that prisons are ineffective in spurring long term growth and that private prisons perform significantly worse …

Go to article

Stock Buybacks And Innovation: An Analysis Of The Effects Of Share Repurchases On Research & Development Expenditures, Nicholas Henning Jan 2019

Stock Buybacks And Innovation: An Analysis Of The Effects Of Share Repurchases On Research & Development Expenditures, Nicholas Henning

Economics Student Theses and Capstone Projects

Rates of stock buybacks have recently hit an all-time high, and have gained a lot of attention from both the business community and the mainstream media. A polarizing debate exists over whether or not stock buybacks are harmful to the economy, especially in the context of stagnant wages and rising income inequality throughout the United States. The primary goal of this research paper is to examine what effect stock buybacks have, if any, on the innovation of large multi-national corporations. The analytical framework uses logit regression and ordinary least squares regression analysis to add to the debate surrounding the effects …

Go to article

The Impact Of Snowfall On Home Prices: A Study Of Northeastern Ski Resort Towns, Hadley Benneyan Jan 2019

The Impact Of Snowfall On Home Prices: A Study Of Northeastern Ski Resort Towns, Hadley Benneyan

Economics Student Theses and Capstone Projects

As global temperatures continue to rise, it is expected that there will be a reduction in natural snowfall in the mountain regions of North America. Many ski area industry experts warn that snow depth will decline by at least 25% in the next decade. For the 38 states that add value to their state economies through the winter tourism industry and the 191,000 jobs that are supported by the winter sport industry, the concern is real and growing. Lower than average snow years lead to an immediate and significant decrease in skier visits and therefore consumer demand for related goods …

Go to article

Making Sense Of Place: A Case Study Of A Sensemaking In A Rural School-Community Partnership, Sarah J. Zuckerman Jan 2019

Making Sense Of Place: A Case Study Of A Sensemaking In A Rural School-Community Partnership, Sarah J. Zuckerman

Department of Educational Administration: Faculty Publications

Cross-sector, place-based, school-community partnerships seeking to improve educational and other outcomes at scale have experienced a resurgence in the United States. Rather than isolated eff orts, this new generation relies on scaling up models in networks, such as Strive Together. However, many of these models evolved in urban contexts, creating challenges for scaling up in rural areas with fewer organizations, limited resources, and lower population density. Using conceptions of sensemaking as precursor for collective action, this case study examines the strategies used by partnership leaders in a rural county to make sense of Strive and the local community. By iteratively …

Go to article

The Role Of Sensory And Affective Systems In The Semantic Processing Of Abstract Concepts, Jane Elizabeth Neal Jan 2019

The Role Of Sensory And Affective Systems In The Semantic Processing Of Abstract Concepts, Jane Elizabeth Neal

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The role of modal, or embodied, systems in the semantic representation of abstract concepts, which are by nature not experienced by the senses, remains unclear. The experiments presented in this dissertation investigated the extent to which the activation of visual or affective systems may be modulated by context. Experiment 1 examined whether a verbal or visual memory load interfered with the semantic processing of abstract concepts paired with either a low or highly imageable adjective, and whether processing was similarly affected for concrete concepts. While the cognitive loads were effectively maintained, neither load type affected processing times for either concept …

Go to article

Immigration Policy In The United States, Yanjun Liu Jan 2019

Immigration Policy In The United States, Yanjun Liu

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation contains three essays on the impact of immigration, especially high-skilled immigration in the United States. The first essay addresses the question of whether the effect of the Great Recession on unemployment of immigrants in the United States has been different from the impact on the unemployment of natives. Significant differences are identified when immigrants and natives with different levels of education are treated as separate groups. For a native-born citizen, a higher level of education is associated with shorter unemployment duration. But for an immigrant, the higher the level of education he or she obtains, the longer his …

Go to article

If The Shoe Fits: A Historical Exploration Of Gender Bias In The U.S. Sneaker Industry, Rodney M. Miller Jr Jan 2019

If The Shoe Fits: A Historical Exploration Of Gender Bias In The U.S. Sneaker Industry, Rodney M. Miller Jr

Senior Projects Spring 2019

In its short history, which barely spans 100 years, sneakers have quickly become a polarizing and captivating commodity, gaining the attention of consumers, fashion houses and major retailers everywhere. Unfortunately, the sneaker industry also has a history of implicit, unconscious bias towards women. A thorough examination of the history of sneakers has discovered three major social movements that can be identified as the key contributors to the growth of the sneaker industry: (1) physical activity, (2) professional sports, and (3) Hip-Hop—the culture not the music genre. Upon further examination, it became evident that each of these social factors have their …

Go to article

Black Market Baby Otters: An Investigation Into The Origins And Consequences Of The Otter Pet Trade, Summer Alexis Tuverson Jan 2019

Black Market Baby Otters: An Investigation Into The Origins And Consequences Of The Otter Pet Trade, Summer Alexis Tuverson

Senior Projects Spring 2019

Senior Project submitted to The Division of Social Studies of Bard College.

Go to article

The Relationship Of Spirituality, Religiosity And Attitudes Toward Lesbians And Gay Men Among Students At A Faith-Based Institution, Megan C. Cormier Castaneda Jan 2019

The Relationship Of Spirituality, Religiosity And Attitudes Toward Lesbians And Gay Men Among Students At A Faith-Based Institution, Megan C. Cormier Castaneda

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Research indicates heterosexual students at faith-based universities often hold negative attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women. The factors that can influence these attitudes are complex. This study examines the relationship between attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women, religiosity and spirituality in students who are enrolled in a faith-based institution. A correlation was run to examine the relationship between these variables along with further statistical analyses to gather more information. There is a small positive relationship between higher levels of spirituality and positive attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. There is a medium positive relationship between high levels of …

Go to article

How Constituents React To Allegations Of Sexual Misconduct In The "Me Too" Era, Samantha Frazier, Connor Kreutz Jan 2019

How Constituents React To Allegations Of Sexual Misconduct In The "Me Too" Era, Samantha Frazier, Connor Kreutz

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Exploring Predictors Of Women's Political Representation In Sub-Saharan Africa, Brynne Townley Jan 2019

Exploring Predictors Of Women's Political Representation In Sub-Saharan Africa, Brynne Townley

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Go to article

How To Get The Attention Of Government Officials: A Test Of The Effectiveness Of Social Proof Treatments, Aubriana Wolferts Jan 2019

How To Get The Attention Of Government Officials: A Test Of The Effectiveness Of Social Proof Treatments, Aubriana Wolferts

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Go to article

A Letter From The Editor, Rachel Finlayson Jan 2019

A Letter From The Editor, Rachel Finlayson

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Rational Fear: The Effects Of Terrorist Activity And Immigration On Attitudes Toward Security In The European Union, Matthew Easton, Connor Kreutz Jan 2019

Rational Fear: The Effects Of Terrorist Activity And Immigration On Attitudes Toward Security In The European Union, Matthew Easton, Connor Kreutz

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Not Just Hot Air: How Rhetoric Changes Public Opinion On Windmills, Alena Smith Jan 2019

Not Just Hot Air: How Rhetoric Changes Public Opinion On Windmills, Alena Smith

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Service-Learning Faculty Assessment: Report Of Results, 2018, Lynn E. Pelco, Katie Elliott, Katie Schifano Jan 2019

Service-Learning Faculty Assessment: Report Of Results, 2018, Lynn E. Pelco, Katie Elliott, Katie Schifano

Division of Community Engagement Resources

In Spring 2018, the VCU Service-Learning Office sponsored an evaluation process that gathered feedback from faculty members who teach service-learning classes. The goal was to deepen understanding of the barriers faced by VCU’s service-learning faculty instructors and to solicit feedback about key strategies for overcoming these barriers. An independent research consultant conducted the evaluation in two phases: an online anonymous survey and a 30-minute phone interview. Eighty service-learning instructors completed the online survey, and a stratified sample of 18 instructors completed the telephone interviews. Findings indicated that both the online survey respondents and phone interview participants experienced similar supports and …

Go to article

Strengthening Capacity To Prevent Hiv Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women: Supporting Dreams Programming, Project Soar Jan 2019

Strengthening Capacity To Prevent Hiv Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women: Supporting Dreams Programming, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

The Population Council, with funding from Girl Effect, worked in seven Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored, and Safe (DREAMS) Partnership countries to strengthen the capacity of implementing partners to develop new approaches to reach AGYWs at highest risk of HIV infection, link them with essential resources, and empower them with social and protective assets for a safe and healthy entry into adulthood. This technical assistance was informed by the Population Council’s decades of research and experience determining “what works”—and what doesn’t work—in girl-centered programming. Through Project SOAR, the Population Council provided technical assistance to implementing partners in five additional countries …

Go to article

Women And Hiv: Understanding And Addressing Stigma—Evidence From The Population Council, Population Council Jan 2019

Women And Hiv: Understanding And Addressing Stigma—Evidence From The Population Council, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Over the last 20 years, the Population Council has carried out extensive work examining the intersection of stigma and gender and its impact on HIV-related outcomes. This brief summarizes key Population Council findings from a range of studies which elucidate the experiences of stigma among women and highlights avenues for addressing stigma to mitigate women’s risk and burden of HIV.

Go to article

Reaching Key Populations With Community-Based Hiv Test And Start Services In Lagos And Benue States In Nigeria: Baseline Findings, Project Soar Jan 2019

Reaching Key Populations With Community-Based Hiv Test And Start Services In Lagos And Benue States In Nigeria: Baseline Findings, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

Key populations (KPs), such as men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSWs), and people who inject drugs, remain disproportionately affected by HIV compared to the general population. In Nigeria, HIV prevalence declined among the general population from 2007–18. Among key populations from 2007–14, HIV also decreased among FSWs, but increased among MSM. Evidence-based strategies to sustain the decline among the general population and FSWs, and mitigate the increase among MSM, are needed. Nigeria has adopted the World Health Organization’s “test and start” (TnS) strategy, which recommends initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) by persons living with HIV as …

Go to article

Implementing And Scaling-Up Stepping Stones In Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa: Lessons From Working In Informal Settlements, Cecilia Milford, M. Mtshali, Mags Beksinska, Julie Pulerwitz Jan 2019

Implementing And Scaling-Up Stepping Stones In Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa: Lessons From Working In Informal Settlements, Cecilia Milford, M. Mtshali, Mags Beksinska, Julie Pulerwitz

HIV and AIDS

KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), a major epicenter of the South African HIV epidemic, has large informal settlements where thousands of people live. The settlements are often underserved by municipal services and lack accessible health care. Given high rates of HIV, there is a critical need to assess the successes and challenges of implementing HIV prevention and treatment in this context. Stepping Stones is a widely used life-skills training intervention focused on curbing gender-based violence and reducing HIV risk. The program addresses issues such as communication about HIV, relationship skills, and assertiveness. The manual-based curriculum encourages participants to engage in critical reflection through …

Go to article

The People Living With Hiv Stigma Index 2.0: Preliminary Results From The Dominican Republic, Project Soar Jan 2019

The People Living With Hiv Stigma Index 2.0: Preliminary Results From The Dominican Republic, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

Stigma and discrimination among people living with HIV (PLHIV) contributes to poor quality health care, coercion and violence, job loss, and exclusion from social gatherings. Addressing stigma affecting PLHIV is a global priority, given its impact on the HIV epidemic. In 2008, the Global Network of People Living with HIV, the International Community of Women Living with HIV, the International Planned Parenthood Federation, and UNAIDS launched the People Living with HIV Stigma Index (Stigma Index) to provide evidence on stigma and discrimination that can be used to advocate for the rights of PLHIV. As of November 2017, more than 100,000 …

Go to article

And So It Goes: An Introduction To Volume 2 Of The Journal Of Communication Pedagogy, Scott A. Myers Jan 2019

And So It Goes: An Introduction To Volume 2 Of The Journal Of Communication Pedagogy, Scott A. Myers

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

As part of the larger instructional communication education umbrella and similar to, yet distinct enough from, its related subdisciplines such as basic course scholarship, the scholarship of teaching and learning, and critical communication pedagogy, the articles published in this volume of JCP demonstrate the three forms through which communication pedagogy can emerge. That is, whether communication pedagogy centers on the systematic study (i.e., Original Research Studies), reflection (i.e., Reflection Essays), or identification of teaching practices (i.e., Best Practices) across communication curricula, the end result is that communication pedagogy acts as a vehicle through which teaching effectiveness can be improved, strengthened, …

Go to article

Teaching The Introductory Public Relations Course: Pedagogical Recommendations, Lakesha N. Anderson Jan 2019

Teaching The Introductory Public Relations Course: Pedagogical Recommendations, Lakesha N. Anderson

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

This article explores the foundations and the content areas that ground the introductory public relations course. Examples of two assignments designed to help students think critically, apply knowledge, and improve their writing skills are offered, as well as the identification of several challenges both students and instructors face and a brief discussion of the unique advantages provided by this course.

Go to article

“You Have To Cry Before You Teach This Class”: Emotion With Work And Resistance In Teaching Intercultural Communication, Brandi Lawless, Yea-Wen Chen Jan 2019

“You Have To Cry Before You Teach This Class”: Emotion With Work And Resistance In Teaching Intercultural Communication, Brandi Lawless, Yea-Wen Chen

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

In this study, we explore the ways in which Intercultural Communication instructors uniquely experience emotion with work and how this influences their pedagogical approaches to this course. We collected and analyzed interviews with 21 intercultural communication educators across U.S. colleges and universities. We present findings related to the types of resistance present and/or emerging in the intercultural communication classroom, emotional responses to resistance, and strategies for managing and negotiating emotion with work in the Intercultural Communication classroom. We end with discussing implications for teacher training programs designed for the Intercultural Communication classroom.

Go to article

Reducing Secondary Trauma And Compassion Fatigue In The Dark Side Of Interpersonal Communication Classrooms, Mary E. King, Albra Wheeler Jan 2019

Reducing Secondary Trauma And Compassion Fatigue In The Dark Side Of Interpersonal Communication Classrooms, Mary E. King, Albra Wheeler

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

This essay describes the experiences faculty may encounter when teaching tough topics. When professionals are in the position as the individual who cares for, hears about, or witnesses the trauma and suffering of others, they might themselves be at risk for experiencing vicarious stress, or secondary trauma. If ongoing and untreated, this traumatic stress can morph into compassion fatigue, which can impede professional success and contribute to burnout. This essay reflects on the experiences of teaching the Dark Side of Interpersonal Communication where students openly shared course-related personal experiences. We reflect on how to successfully manage the delicate climate of …

Go to article

Developing A Digital Voice: Embedding Digital Communication Platforms, Networks, And Technologies In The 21st-Century Classroom, James M. Proszek Jan 2019

Developing A Digital Voice: Embedding Digital Communication Platforms, Networks, And Technologies In The 21st-Century Classroom, James M. Proszek

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

Introductory communication courses are an invaluable resource for improving students’ abilities to speak confidently, passionately, and persuasively, while also inspiring them to become more engaged citizens. However, digital media present new opportunities and challenges for designing courses that are relevant to students’ personal and professional interests and goals. Instructors who incorporate digital communication platforms, networks, and technologies into their classrooms can better prepare students to meet the complex demands of the technologically-mediated 21st century. In this essay, I offer 10 best practices for developing students’ digital media literacies within multiple communication contexts.

Go to article

Best Practices For Facilitating Difficult Dialogues In The Basic Communication Course, Kristina Ruiz-Mesa, Karla M. Hunter Jan 2019

Best Practices For Facilitating Difficult Dialogues In The Basic Communication Course, Kristina Ruiz-Mesa, Karla M. Hunter

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

Effective facilitation of classroom dialogue can stimulate open discussion and debate, challenge students to consider diverse perspectives, and promote critical student reflection and growth. Unfortunately, some instructors may be hesitant to approach controversial topics, for fear of losing face or risking chaos in the classroom. By learning and practicing established facilitation techniques, teachers can develop confidence and competence in harnessing the pedagogical power of difficult dialogue while maintaining classroom cohesion and community. This article provides 10 best practices for facilitating difficult classroom dialogues. These practices equip instructors with resources for building community, maintaining classroom immediacy, and grappling with disagreements without …

Go to article

A Comparison Of Older Adult Suicide And Adolescent Suicide Through Film Representations, Catherine Longmore-Micham Jan 2019

A Comparison Of Older Adult Suicide And Adolescent Suicide Through Film Representations, Catherine Longmore-Micham

Honors Projects

Approximately, 47,173 people in the United States died by suicide in 2017, making it the 10th leading cause of death. Although middle-aged adults have the highest rate of suicide, 20.2 per 100,000, older adults (i.e., individuals 60 years and older) closely follow with a rate of 20.1. Adolescent age groups have much lower rates for suicide: a rate of 14.46 per 100,100 in 2017 (American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, 2017). The risk factors that affect adolescents and older adults are similar in some ways, but they differ in one major aspect: impulsivity. The issues that can be said to ‘cause’ …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last