Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Student Satisfaction With A Community College's Counseling Services: Gender And Race Differences, Carla Denise Noto

Theses

Forty-five community college students (8 males and 37 females) were surveyed to determine their level of satisfaction with counseling services offered at St. Louis Community College at Florissant Valley. The three areas of counseling explored were academic counseling, career counseling, and personal counseling. Results indicated that neither the gender of the student n or the ethnic group the student belonged to related to the level of satisfaction he/she received from any of the three areas of counseling. Academic counseling was found to have the highest satisfaction rankings and Personal counseling was found to have the lowest. ii

The Effect Of Gender And Age On Ppst Performance In An Urban Teacher Education Program, Judith Harrington

Counseling Faculty Publications

This study examined PPST scores for 318 College of Education students in a midsized, midwestern, urban university. Factors of gender and age were used to compare performance on the three PPST subtests of Reading, Writing and Mathematics. Findings tended to support some gender-stereotypical beliefs with regard to math and verbal abilities. The study's findings did not support the often perceived belief that traditional students outperform nontraditional students. Inferences for urban colleges of Education are discussed.

Linda Jacobson Interview Virtual Reality Evangelist, Loretta L. Lange

SWITCH

In the interview with Linda Jacobson, a Virtual Reality (VR) artist, Jacobson discusses the current and future state of VR technology’s role in the politics of the body, social identity, self, gender, class, and race. This article discusses the fact that barriers to access exist for a more diverse set of artists across race, class, and gender to engage with VR technology and the need to evolve the development platform, so artists can implement their ideas in a low-cost way. The author discusses Jaron Lanier’s ideas about using VR to explore other identities based on a theatrical model where the …

Evaluation Of Leadership In Ontario Public Libraries, Reed Osborne

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines whether the leadership performance appraisal ratings of public library chief executive officers (CEOs) are influenced by the gender of the CEO. Surveys with 272 board members and management or professional staff at public libraries in Ontario were conducted to determine their evaluations of the CEO for 14 leadership qualities. The findings reveal that female CEOs carry an additional burden in the form of ongoing gender role tensions that male CEOs do not have to endure.

An Analysis Of The Impact Of Race, Socioeconomic Status And Gender On Juvenile Justice Case Processing In A Southeastern C-Level Metropolitan Area, Melanie Wynell Smith

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Management

The goal of this research was to evaluate intake, adjudication and disposition of juvenile court cases to determine the extent to which outcomes are influenced by the race, socioeconomic status and gender of the referred youth. Three causal models were developed which incorporated the hypothesized relationships in both consensus and conflict paradigms. Zero-order correlations and path analysis were employed for quantitative analysis. Additionally, court services unit personnel were surveyed to determine the extent to which quantitative results were reasonable and reflective of their experience in the court system under study.

Path analysis and qualitative survey results indicate that the effect …

Training Sociologists: Professional Socialization And The Emergence Of Career Aspirations, Bruce Keith, Helen A. Moore

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The individual and departmental factors affecting graduate students' professional socialization were studied by employing data from 309 PhD students in 16 graduate programs in sociology. Using Rosenbaum's tournament model of opportunity structures and aspects of Tinto's model of social psychological integration, this study examines students' access to initial funding, resources in the department, indicators of prior ability, current professional activities, mentoring processes, and social psychological factors for their effects on socialization into the academic profession. Access to initial funding and to mentoring have substantial effects on PhD students' professional socialization, but prove to be less than rational processes in the …

Effects Of Therapist Gender On Client Communications In Marital Therapy, Laurel C. Agee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to explore how therapist and client gender are associated with communication behaviors of males and females in marital therapy. The majority of research on therapist gender issues has been conducted with individual clients. Few data exist on the effects of therapist gender within marital therapy. This study examined the communication patterns of couples within a marital therapy setting and the influence of therapist gender on those patterns. Forty-six 10-minute videotape segments of marital therapy were coded for communication patterns. Coded verbal statement categories included the verbal behaviors of agreement, supportive, solution of problems, and …

The Effects Of Therapist Gender On Group Therapy For Eating-Disordered Clients, Todd A. Soutor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This present study examined the session-by-session content of group therapy for eating-disordered clients. The main objective of this study was to identify how therapist-client gender match affects group therapy process , regarding the disclosure of important issues relevant to eating-disordered clients. It was hypothesized that the group therapy process for eating-disordered clients would be qualitatively different if therapy was facilitated by a female as opposed to a male therapist. The evaluation of the research question required using an alternating treatments single-subject research design, in which the presentation of treatment conditions was counterbalanced across two therapy groups. The treatments consisted of …

Gender And Depression: Analysis Of The Effects Of Sex Roles, Sex-Role Self-Discrepancy, And Attributional Style, Scott V. Cutler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of attributional style, sex roles, and sex-role self-discrepancy in the relationship between gender and depression. Epidemiological studies report a higher incidence of depression among women then men (approximately 2:1). Among the various theories suggested to explain this gender difference, sex roles, attributional style, and self-discrepancy have been conceived as possible explanations. The relationship between gender and depression may be better understood through examining the possible contribution of these three independent variables.

To examine these theories, a sample of 130 subjects was drawn from clients at the USU Counseling Center, the …

Gender, Space And The Academy: An Interview With Doreen Massey, The Open University, Brenda Weber Ijams, Jeff Popke, Kakie Urch

disClosure: A Journal of Social Theory

No abstract provided.

Patriarchy In Old Mexico, Paul J. Rich

Paul J. Rich

Fraternal studies are adjacent to gender studies -- fraternal societies have often been exclusively male or female, and research into such societies inevitably raises questions of gender. This review of Stern's landmark book sustains that position.

The Anthropometry Of Barbie: Unsettling Ideals Of The Feminine Body In Popular Culture., Jacqueline Urla, Alan Swedlund

Jacqueline L. Urla

No abstract provided.

Women And Men In Collaborative Working Partnerships: Connecting Two Disparate Modes Of Experience, Steven Blue Robbins Edd

Dissertations

This study provides an in-depth description of mixed gender working partnerships in a collaborative effort over a one year period. The research identified differences between men and women in mutually collaborative working partnerships at the undergraduate level in order to also discover what was productive or problematic between those women and men in the partnerships. The research studied twenty-two UCSD undergraduate women and men who worked together in partnerships with mutual goals. The research utilized phenomenological interviewing techniques. The focus was the perceptions and experiences of the participants. The interviews were designed to address two primary research questions: 1) What …

Correlates And Consequences Of Early Initiation Of Sexual Intercourse, Ann L. Coker, Donna L. Richter, Robert F. Valois, Robert E. Mckeown, Carol Z. Garrison, Murray L. Vincent

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

This cross-sectional analysis of the 1991 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Survey explored factors associated with an early age at first sexual intercourse. Almost 18% of White males, 49% of Black males, 5% of White females and 12% of Black females were sexually active before age 13. Carrying a weapon to school, fighting, and early (< age 13) experimentation with cigarettes and alcohol were associated with early initiation of sexual activity for all four race and gender groupings. Those initiating sexual activity early had greater numbers of partners but were 50% less likely to use condoms regularly and were two-seven times more likely to have been pregnant or caused a pregnancy. Females who initiated sexual activity early were more likely to have had a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Interventions to postpone sexual activity need to be tailored to the ethnic and gender differences observed in these analyses. Interventions must begin before age 13 and should be comprehensive school-based efforts.

The Effects Of Gender On Career Decision Problems In Young Adults, Jeffry H. Larson, Mark Butler, Stephan Wilson, Nilufer Medora, Scot Allgood

Faculty Publications

The authors investigated gender differences in psychological problems in the career decision-making (CDM) process of young adults. Specifically, problems with decision anxiety, life-goal awareness, luck-fate orientation, authority orientation, and secondary gain motivation were investigated. Methodology involved administering the Career Decision Diagnostics Assessment (CDDA) instrument to 1,006 college students from four universities. Results indicated no gender differences in global levels of problems in CDM. Women reported more problems with life-goal awareness and authority orientation than did men. Men reported more problems with secondary gain motivations than did women. The results are discussed in terms of implications for gender-differentiated career counseling.

Making Monotheism: Global Islam In Local Practice Among The Laujé Of Indonesia, Jennifer W. Nourse

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

This paper explores the complex interaction between state-sanctioned Islam and local religious practice in Indonesia's periphery. In 1982 in the "county" of Tinombo, Central Sulawesi, immigrant Reform Muslims convinced the regional government to ban a spirit possession ritual performed by the indigenous Laufe people. Reformists claimed that Laujé spirit mediums were possessed by satanic spirits. Insulted by Reformists' claims that Laujé rites were pagan and they themselves were not Muslims, prominent Laujé went to officials in the government asking to rescind the ban. In their arguments, Laujé borrowed the rhetoric of Reform Islam. The ban was rescinded in 1984. Once …

Race, Gender, And The Status-Quo:Asian And African American Relations In A Hollywood Film, Clarence Spigner

Explorations in Ethnic Studies

Hollywood films play a significant role in constructing and reinforcing inter-ethnic tensions through negative representations of Asian Americans and African Americans. While white males are most often depicted as smart and romantically desirable, thereby reinforcing an ideology of white male dominance, Asian Americans and Blacks are typically diminished to demeaning and secondary status. Thi[this] article explores these racist steretotypes [stereotypes] in director Michael Cimino's 19985[1985] film Year of the Dragon (as well as a number of other Hollywood films), arguing that such race and gender-specific imagery is functional; for while it promotes race/gender stereotypes, it also serves to rationalize white …

Family, Gender, And Population Policy: Views From The Middle East, Jodi Jacobson

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper explores the relevance of international debates to the realities of the Middle East, an important but understudied region that has often been subject to stereotyping. The region’s wealth of traditions and diverse contemporary experience offer insights to those who venture beyond the surface appearance. This paper provides a broad introduction to the connections between family, gender, and population policy in the Middle East. It is based on studies by a diverse group of Middle East scholars and the discussions they generated in Cairo at an international symposium sponsored by the Population Council in February 1994. The paper was …

(Review) Stewart Justman, The Autonomous Male Of Adam Smith, Spencer J. Pack

Economics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Gender Inequalities And Demographic Behavior: Ghana/Kenya, Anastasia J. Gage, Wamucii Njogu

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Ghana and Kenya were the first countries in sub-Saharan Africa whose governments recognized the potentially detrimental effects of rapid population growth on economic development and, as a result, adopted and implemented national population policies. This is one of three reports on the relationship between gender equity, family structure and dynamics, and the achievement of reproductive choice that was prepared by the Population Council for the 1994 International Year of the Family and the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development. These reports provide critical reviews of the relationship between gender inequality and demographic behavior in three demographically significant, culturally distinct …

Gender Inequalities And Demographic Behavior: India, Sonalde Desai

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

As India prepares for the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), it is clear that the country’s population policy faces a number of serious challenges. Although India was the first country to announce an official family planning program in 1952, its population has grown from 361 million in 1951 to 844 million in 1991. This is one of three reports on the relationship between gender equity, family structure and dynamics, and the achievement of reproductive choice prepared by the Population Council for the 1994 International Year of the Family and the 1994 ICPD. These reports provide critical reviews …

The Variable (Th) In Dallas African American Vernacular English, Virginia C. Vinton

UTA Working Papers in Linguistics

It is well-known that African American Vernacular English (hereafter AAVE) displays regional variation. In the case of the (th) variable, Wolfram (1969) found that AAVE speakers in Detroit used the nonstandard variants [f], [t], and Ø. In New York City, Labov (1972a) observed the use of [t] and [t?] as the nonstandard variants. In both of these studies conducted in the northern U.S. the variants used by speakers were stratified differently with regard to social factors. Given regional variation of this sort, we might well expect further interesting differences in southern cities of the U.S. The present study, conducted in …

Family, Gender, And Population Policy: Views From The Middle East [Arabic], Jodi Jacobson, Barbara L. Ibrahim, Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper explores the relevance of international debates to the realities of the Middle East, an important but understudied region that has often been subject to stereotyping. The region’s wealth of traditions and diverse contemporary experience offer insights to those who venture beyond the surface appearance. This paper provides a broad introduction to the connections between family, gender, and population policy in the Middle East. It is based on studies by a diverse group of Middle East scholars and the discussions they generated in Cairo at an international symposium sponsored by the Population Council in February 1994. The paper was …

Meeting Graduate Student Needs Through Alternative Programs: An Analysis Of The Impact Of Factors Related To Student Choice, Debra Jill Wright Edd

Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to explore the design and initiation of alternative graduate programs and their impact on student needs, to examine the university organizational structure and environment that fosters the development of alternative graduate programs, and to identify the factors graduate students see as important in their choice to attend and participate in an alternative graduate program. The intent of the research was to rank the factors significant in the design of a graduate program to meet the factors meaningful to the student in meeting their needs related to graduate programs. The content of the survey instrument …

Age And Gender Differences In The Effect Of Divorce On Children, Maureen P. Knox

Theses

The differences in the effect of divorce on children were examined. The researcher specifically looked at the difference in the two variables of age and gender to determine if parental divorce had more of an impact on one sex than the other, and/or on a child of one age group compared to a child of a different age group. Seventy-nine divorced, un-remarried mothers completed a forty-two item questionnaire which assessed if the parental divorce impacted the child and if so in what manner. The children discussed in the questionnaire responses ranged in age from three to seventeen years old. There …

A Survey Of Feminist Jurisprudence, Lisa Pruitt

Lisa R Pruitt

This essay articulates a relatively early taxonomy of the various strands of feminist legal theory. Its reach is transnational, including references to works by some European and Australian scholars.

The Effects Of Gender Of Juror And Gender Of Plaintiff On Outcomes Of Mock Medical Malpractice Lawsuites, Verity Anne Tubb

Graduate Theses

The current study investigates the effect of the gender of the subject and the gender of the plaintiff on the outcome of a mock medical malpractice lawsuit. Thirty males and twenty-nine females read a transcript from a mock medical malpractice lawsuit, completed a verdict form and answered opinion and recognition questions. The gender of the subjects did not produce any significant results, showing that male subjects did not select significantly different verdicts when compared to female subjects. The gender of the plaintiff did show significant results. The subjects found for female plaintiffs more often than they did the male plaintiff. …

What Is Hegemonic Masculinity?, Mike Donaldson

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Hegemonic masculinity is a powerful idea that has been usefully employed for about twenty five years (by 2007) in a wide variety of contexts and has now been subject to much critical review. Its successful application to a wide range of different cultures suggests that there may well be no known human societies in which some form of masculinity has not emerged as dominant, more socially central, more associated with power, in which a pattern of practices embodying the "currently most honoured way" of being male legitimates the superordination of men over women. Hegemonic masculinity is normative in a social …

The Role Of Gender Differences In The Relationship Between Guilt- And Shame-Proneness And Depressive Symptomatology, Julie Bingham Shiffler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the role played by gender in the relationship between the degree of depressive symptomatology and levels of adaptive guilt-, maladaptive guilt-, and shame-proneness in a college population. A measure of depressive symptomatology (the Beck Depression Inventory) and a measure of guilt- and shame-proneness (the Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory - Revised) were administered to 299 college students (113 males and 186 females). Females reported higher total levels of depressive symptomatology than males. Statistically significant gender differences were found for nine BDI items. Females also had higher levels of adaptive guilt-, maladaptive guilt-, …

The Effects Of Gender Of Observers And Victims On Perceptions Of Fairness In Unjust Situations., Laura Leah Josoff

Student Work

The effects of gender of observers and victims on perceptions of fairness in unjust situations were investigated. Subjects participated in group sessions and were blocked by gender and then assigned to either the disadvantaged female (read a composition concerning a femal who received poor outcomes) or disadvantaged male (read a composition concerning a male who received poor outcomes) group. After reading the composition, subjects completed a questionnaire which was related to the composition. It was expected that the perception of fairness would depend upon the gender of the perceiver as well as the gender of the victim. Specifically, females would …