Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Calibration Of Ysz Sensors For The Measurement Of Oxygen Concentration In Liquid Pb-Bi Eutectic, Xiaolong Wu, Ramkumar Sivaraman, Ning Li, Wei Hang, T. W. Darling, Yingtao Jiang, Woosoon Yim, Bingmei Fu

Transmutation Sciences Materials (TRP)

Although liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) is a good candidate for coolant in the subcritical transmutation blanket, it is known to be corrosive to stainless steel, the material of the carrying tubes and containers. Such longterm corrosion problem can be prevented by producing and maintaining a protective oxide layer on the exposed surface of stainless steel. For this purpose, it is required to accurately control the concentration of oxygen dissolved in LBE. Currently, YSZ (Yttria Stabilized Zirconia) oxygen sensors, based on an existing automotive oxygen sensor, with molten bismuth saturated with oxygen as the reference, have been selected for oxygen-concentration measurement. …

Development Of A Systems Engineering Model Of The Chemical Separations Process, Lijian Sun, Haritha Royyuru, Yitung Chen, Randy Clarksean, Darrell Pepper, George Vandegrift, James Laidler

Separations Campaign (TRP)

Project Overview:

• Two Components

– Refine AMUSE Code

– Develop Systems Engineering Model

• Research Objectives

– Develop a framework and environment for a systems engineering analysis of the chemical separations system for the AAA program.

– Establish a baseline systems engineering model from which modifications and improvements can be made.

– Refine the existing AMUSE program that gives a detailed examination of the UREX process, a critical component of the overall separation scheme.

Heat Capacities Of Thiane Sulfones And Thiane Sulfoxide: Refining Of Cp Group Values For Organosulfur Compounds And Their Oxides, Marı́A Victoria Roux, Manuel Temprado, Pilar Jiménez, Ramón Guzmán-Mejı́A, Eusebio Juaristi, James S. Chickos

James Chickos

No abstract provided.

Development Of Microsatellite Markers In Cannabis Sativa For Fingerprinting And Genetic Relatedness Analyses, Hussain J. Al-Ghanim

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Microsatellite markers were developed for Cannabis sativa L. (marijuana) to estimate the level of polymorphism, usefulness for DNA typing (genotype identification), and to measure the genetic relationships between the different plants. Twelve different oligonucleotide probes were used to screen an enriched microsatellite library of Cannabis sativa in which 49% of the clones contained microsatellite sequences. Characterization of microsatellite loci in Cannabis revealed that GA/CT was the most abundant class of isolated microsatellites representing 50% overall. Eleven polymorphic SSR markers were developed, derived from dinucleotide motifs and eight from trinucleotide motifs. A total of 52 alleles were detected averaging 4.7 alleles/locus. …

Enthalpies Of Vaporization Of Organic And Organometallic Compounds, 1880-2002, James S. Chickos, William E. Acree

James Chickos

No abstract provided.

Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Method For The Analysis Of The Anti-Cancer Agent Capecitabine And Its Nucleoside Metabolites In Human Plasma, Yan Xu, Jean L. Grem

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with electrospray ionization and mass spectral detection is described for the determination of capecitabine, 5′-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine and 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine in human plasma with 5-chloro-2′-deoxyuridine as the internal standard. An on-line sample clean-up procedure allows dilution of the plasma sample with the initial mobile phase. The linear dynamic range is 0.0500–10.0 μg/ml for capecitabine, and 0.0500–25.0 μg/ml for the metabolites, 5′-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine and 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, respectively. This method has been used to analyze plasma samples from patients receiving capecitabine in combination with oxaliplatin.

The Anorexigenic Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibitor, C75, Is A Nonspecific Neuronal Activator, Kanji A. Takahashi, James L. Smart, Hongyan Liu, Roger D. Cone

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

C75, a recently derived compound that potently suppresses feeding and induces weight loss, has been proposed to act mainly by inhibiting fatty acid synthase (FAS) in central neurons that control feeding. For example, normal, fasting- associated, hypothalamic increases in neuropeptide Y (NPY)/Agouti-related protein (AGRP) expression and decreases in proopiomelanocortin (POMC)/cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) expression were reported to be blocked by C75. Using loose-patch extracellular recording in acute slices, we tested the effect of C75 on anorexigenic POMC neurons and orexigenic NPY neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, which were identified by promoter-driven GFP expression, as well as on …

A Solvent-Free Oxidation Of Alcohols In An Organic Laboratory, John J. Esteb, Michael W. Schelle, Anne N. Wilson

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

An oxidation experiment for a first-year organic chemistry class is presented. This oxidation utilizes a solid mixture of CuSO4•5H2O and KMnO4 prepared by mortar and pestle. The oxidations take place under solvent-free conditions and near quantitative yields are obtained for the reactions. Thin-layer chromatography is used to monitor the progress of the reaction. This experiment provides for the simple oxidation of a secondary alcohol to a ketone using a relatively nontoxic oxidizing agent under solvent-free conditions.

Oligothiophenes And Synthesis Thereof, Andrzej Rajca

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

Novel oligothiophenes and intermediates therefor are disclosed together with a process for synthesizing them. The oligothiophenes are in the form of a helix which contains five-membered rings unsaturated heterocycles that are cross-conjugated and annelated into a helix.

Response To “Comment On ‘Atomization Energies And Enthalpies Of Formation Of The Snbi[Sub N] (N=1–3) Gaseous Molecules By Knudsen Cell Mass Spectrometry’ ” [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 4766 (2003)], Giovanni Meloni, Karl A. Gingerich

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Discusses atomization energies and enthalpies of formation of gaseous molecules of compounds containing tin and bismuth by Knudsen cell mass spectrometry. Procedure followed to evaluate the mass spectrometric equilibrium data regarding these molecules; Statistics of atomization energies and enthalpies calculated; Factors contributing to the necessity of high level of calculations to obtain these figures.

Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy Of Solvated Transition State Precursors, Harry Gomez, Giovanni Meloni, James Madrid, D M. Neumark

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Photoelectron (PE) spectra have been collected for the clustered bihalide anions XHX−∙(M) (X=Br, I) and BrHI−∙(M), where M=H2O, HBr, and HI, in order to probe the effects of strongly solvating species on the PE spectra of transition state precursor anions. The PE spectra of the XHX−∙(H2O) ions show similar vibrational progressions as the spectra of the bare BrHBr− and IHI− anions, indicating that photodetachment of the bare and hydrated ions accesses similar XHX transition state geometries on the X+HX reactionpotential energy surfaces. These results are consistent with electronic structure calculations that predict a double hydrogen-bonded XHX−∙(H2O) structure in which the …

Phylogenomic Identification Of Five New Human Homologs Of The Dna Repair Enzyme Alkb, Michal A. Kurowski, Ashok S. Bhagwat, Grzegorz Papaj, Janusz M. Bujnicki

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Combination of biochemical and bioinformatic analyses led to the discovery of oxidative demethylation – a novel DNA repair mechanism catalyzed by the Escherichia coli AlkB protein and its two human homologs, hABH2 and hABH3. This discovery was based on the prediction made by Aravind and Koonin that AlkB is a member of the 2OG-Fe²⁺ oxygenase superfamily.

Results

In this article, we report identification and sequence analysis of five human members of the (2OG-Fe²⁺) oxygenase superfamily designated here as hABH4 through hABH8. These experimentally uncharacterized and poorly annotated genes were not associated with the AlkB family …

Spalanie Odpadów Chloroorganicznych Z Produkcji Chlorku Winylu Jako Źródło Emisji Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

Production of vinyl chloride is a source of formation of significant gaseous, liquid and solid streams of chlorinated organic wastes containing up to 90 % of chlorine. One of the methods of chlorine recovery from the wastes is incineration. During the waste incineration chlorine released into the flue gases mainly in the form of hydrogen chloride (HCl). The article presents, among others, results of continuous and periodic measurement of concentrations of air pollutants in combustion gases emitted from one of the industrial installations for high-temperature incineration of chlorinated wastes, equipped with effective flue-gas treatment system and recovery of HCl. Data …

From Alchemy To Atomic Bombs. Book Review By George Kauffman, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

Review of the book "From Alchemy to Atomic Bombs" by Fathi Habashi published by Métallurgie Extractive Québec. The review is written by Professor George Kauffman at California State University, Fresno.

Synthesis Of 3- Or 4-Phenyl-1,8-Naphthyridine Derivatives And Evaluation Of Antimycobacterial And Antimicrobial Activity, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Macromolecules In The 21st Century: An International Symposium On Polymer Science And Technology On The Occasion Otto Vogl's 75th Birthday, Gerald S. Kirshenbaum, Helga Roder

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Acrb Multidrug Efflux Pump Of Escherichia Coli: Composite Substrate-Binding Cavity Of Exceptional Flexibility Generates Its Extremely Wide Substrate Specificity, Edward Yu, Julio R. Aires, Hiroshi Nikaido

Edward Yu

Gram-negative bacteria have, in general, much higher intrinsic levels of resistance to various antibiotics, antiseptics, dyes, and detergents than do gram-positive bacteria. This is, in part, due to the effectiveness of the outer membrane as a barrier. The porin channels exclude large compounds (for example, vancomycin) and drastically slow down the influx of most antibiotics, which are usually much larger than common nutrients. Most antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents that act on targets in the cytosol must cross the inner, cytoplasmic membrane, usually by spontaneous diffusion, and this necessitates their being at least moderately lipophilic. These compounds can in principle diffuse …

Infrared-Active Vibron Bands Associated With Substitutional Impurities In Solid Parahydrogen, Robert Hinde

Robert Hinde

We present a model for the line shapes of infrared-active Q₁(0) vibron bands observed in solid parahydrogen doped with low concentrations of spherical substitutional impurities. The line shapes are highly sensitive to the H₂ vibrational dependence of the dopant–H₂ interaction. When this vibrational dependence is strong, the dopant can trap the infrared-active vibron in its first solvation shell; in this case, the trapped vibron manifests itself in the absorption spectrum as a narrow feature to the red of the pure solid’s vibron band.

Phosphoproteomic Studies Of Smooth Muscle Contraction: Investigation Of Differential Phosphorylation In Relaxed/Contracted Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Tissue Using Maldi-Tof Ms, Tonya M. Pekar

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Many human disorders are associated with the malfunction of smooth muscle tissue, or are related to the capabilities of its proper function—asthma, glaucoma, renal inefficiency, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Dysfunctional proteins are frequently implicated as the source of such disorders. As the second highest cause of death in the United States, the epidemic of cardiovascular disease makes the study of smooth muscle of utmost concern.

The capabilities of proteomics and mass spectrometry allow the entire proteome complement of a cell or tissue type to be analyzed at once. This investigation employs such techniques in an effort to better understand the …

Investigations Of Supramolecular And Catalytic Properties Of Ppi Dendrimers, Aaron K. Holley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The research reported in this thesis focused on supramolecular and catalytic properties of poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers. Analytical techniques used in this research included high resolution NMR spectroscopy, as well as UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies and scanning electron microscopy. This investigation showed that: (1) PPI dendrimers interact with diacids to form interlock self-assemblies by electrostatic interactions (with an increase in dendrimer generation, smaller diacids are required to form the most efficient self-assembly); (2) PPI/diacid self-assemblies are able to encapsulate fluorescent dyes within the void spaces of the PPI/diacid moieties; (3) PPI-3 can chelate many types of metal cations, and these …

Determination Of Iron(Ii) Concentrations In Seawater Using Flow Injection Analysis And Chemiluminescence, Mark Keller Kinnan

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Phytoplankton are a major consumer of carbon dioxide. In theory, if phytoplankton are limited in number, more carbon dioxide will be present in the atmosphere and contribute to the greenhouse effect. An increased concentration of iron would, therefore, promote phytoplankton blooms that would consume carbon dioxide. There would then be less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to prevent heat from radiating away from earth. In 1996, an iron seeding experiment was performed in the open ocean to determine whether phytoplankton density would be increased. Phytoplankton rapidly increased in number. The research project results suggested that iron seeding the polar oceans …

Fluorescence Determination Of Tryptophan Side-Chain Accessibility And Dynamics In Triple-Helical Collagen-Like Peptides, K. V. Simon-Lukasik, A. V. Persikov, B. Brodsky, J. A. M. Ramshaw, William Laws, J. B. A. Ross, R. D. Ludescher

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

We report tryptophan fluorescence measurements of emission intensity, iodide quenching, and anisotropy that describe the environment and dynamics at X and Y sites in stable collagen-like peptides of sequence (Gly-X-Y)(n). About 90% of tryptophans at both sites have similar solvent exposed fluorescence properties and a lifetime of 8.5-9 ns. Analysis of anisotropy decays using an associative model indicates that these long lifetime populations undergo rapid depolarizing motion with a 0.5 ns correlation time; however, the extent of fast motion at the Y site is considerably less than the essentially unrestricted motion at the X site. About 10% of tryptophans at …

Constrained Analysis Of Fluorescence Anisotropy Decay: Application To Experimental Protein Dynamics, E. Feinstein, G. Deikus, E. Rusinova, E. L. Rachofsky, J. B. A. Ross, William Laws

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Hydrodynamic properties as well as structural dynamics of proteins can be investigated by the well-established experimental method of fluorescence anisotropy decay. Successful use of this method depends on determination of the correct kinetic model, the extent of cross-correlation between parameters in the fitting function, and differences between the timescales; of the depolarizing motions and the fluorophore's fluorescence lifetime. We have tested the utility of an independently measured steady-state anisotropy value as a constraint during data analysis to reduce parameter cross correlation and to increase the timescales over which anisotropy decay parameters can be recovered accurately for two calcium-binding proteins. Mutant …

Prevention Of Poxvirus Infection By Tetrapyrroles, Avril Rm Chen-Collins, Dabney W. Dixon, Andrei N. Vzorov, Luigi G. Marzilli, Richard W. Compans

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Background: Prevention of poxvirus infection is a topic of great current interest. We report inhibition of vaccinia virus in cell culture by porphyrins and phthalocyanines. Most previous work on the inhibition of viruses with tetrapyrroles has involved photodynamic mechanisms. The current study, however, investigates light-independent inhibition activity.

Methods: The Western Reserve (WR) and International Health Department-J (IHD-J) strains of vaccinia virus were used. Virucidal and antiviral activities as well as the cytotoxicity of test compounds were determined.

Results: Examples of active compounds include zinc protoporphyrin, copper hematoporphyrin, meso(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)porphyrin, the sulfonated tetra-1-naphthyl and tetra-1- anthracenylporphyrins, selected sulfonated derivatives of halogenated tetraphenyl …

Tetratricopeptide Repeat Motif-Mediated Hsc70-Msti1 Interaction Molecular Characterization Of The Critical Contacts For Successful Binding And Specificity*, Odutayo O. Odunuge, Judith A. Hornby, Chrisiane Bies, Richard Zimmermann, David J. Pugh, Gregory L. Blatch

Faculty Publications

Murine stress-inducible protein 1 (mSTI1) is a cochaperone that is homologous with the human Hsp70/ Hsp90-organizing protein (Hop). Guided by Hop structural data and sequence alignment analyses, we have used site-directed mutagenesis, co-precipitation assays, circular dichroism spectroscopy, steady-state fluorescence, and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy to both qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the contacts necessary for the N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat domain (TPR1) of mSTI1 to bind to heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) and to discriminate between Hsc70 and Hsp90. We have shown that substitutions in the first TPR motif of Lys8 or Asn12 did not affect binding of mSTI1 to Hsc70, …

Dendritic Surfactants Show Evidence For Frustrated Intercalation: A New Organoclay Morphology, Erick J. Acosta, Youjun Deng, G. Norman White, Joe B. Dixon, Kevin J. Mcinnes, Scott A. Senseman, Alyx S. Frantzen, Eric E. Simanek

Faculty Publications

Mixing a smectite clay with some dendritic surfactants shows that despite the large size of some of these molecules, a property that frustrates complete intercalation into the gallery of the clay, organoclay materials are obtained. X-ray powder diffraction (XPD) reveals no significant increases in lattice spacing as these surfactants are added. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) show that interlayer water is preserved. Consistent with an undisturbed interlayer, the amount of organic material in organoclays derived from frustrated surfactants does not exceed 15% of the cationic exchange capacity (CEC) of the composite. Smaller dendritic surfactants do not display …

On The Existence And Stability Of Liquid Water On The Martian Surface, Justin Thompson

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Present-day Mars is thought to be a frozen desert on which liquid water is not likely to be found. The prevailing assumption has been that due to average temperatures below 273 K and atmospheric pressures at or below water's triple-point vapor pressure of 6.1 mbar, the existence of liquid water as an equilibrium phase at or near the surface is impossible at the present epoch. However, there is substantial evidence that liquid water has existed in the past and may presently still exist on or directly below the Martian surface. I conducted simulation experiments in the Andromeda planetary environmental chamber …

How To Establish Successful Cooperative Student Learning Centers For Stem Courses, Ronald James Bieniek, Douglas R. Carroll, Cesar Mendoza, Oran Allan Pringle, Ekkehard Sinn, Kai-Tak Wan, Donald C. Wunsch

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Students learn more if they are actively involved in the learning process, particularly in a cooperative manner. Several UMR faculty have operated course-based learning centers (LCs) as part of the campus-wide Learning Enhancement Across Disciplines (LEAD) Program of student learning assistance and enhancement. LCs are designed to assist large numbers of students in a cost- and time-efficient manner that promotes student engagement without requiring undue amounts of faculty time. Course instructors spend time in the open learning environment of the LC, in lieu of office hours, guiding students to master course material and skills in their evolution from novice to …

Possible Cobalt-Cobalt Bridging By A Hemiacetal In The Dinuclear Cobalt Complex Bearing The Ligand Bis(3-(2-Pyridylmethyleneamino)Phenyl) Sulfone, Armando M. Guidote Jr, Tomoko Imajo, Yasuhiko Kurusu, Yoshiro Masuyama

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A dinuclear cobalt complex bearing the ligand bis(3-(2-pyridylmethyleneamino)phenyl) sulfone (BPMAPS) was prepared. It is proposed that the structure of this is [Coz(BPMAPS)(m-0AcMhemi-Et)]PF6 wherein the cobalt centers are bridged by two carboxylato groups in m-fashion and a hemiacetal with an ethoxy group (hemi-Et). This proposal is based on the similarity of the FT-IR, UV-Vis, and FAB-MS results with the crystallographically characterized dinuclear manganese complex [Mn2(BPMAPS)(m-OAcMhemi-Me)]PF6, and elemental analysis results.

On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Chicago Area: Year 5, September 2002, Gary A. Bishop, Mitchell J. Williams, Daniel A. Burgard, Donald H. Stedman

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.