Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Development Of New Methods For Coal Sulfer Forms & Sulfur In Ash Determination, Robert Forsythe

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The development of new procedures to determine the amount and/or types of sulfur in coal and coal products is an ongoing process for coal scientists This development is driven by the problems and inconveniences of the current ASTM methods In this thesis, the work done at Western Kentucky University in the development of two new sulfur determination procedures will be described. The first procedure can be used as an alternative method for coal sulfur forms analysis with results comparable to the ASTM method. This procedure involves heating the coal samples at 365°C and 440°C for thirty minutes to selectively remove …

Nitric Oxide Absorption From Flue Gas With Cumene Hydroperoxide Solution, Chung-Der Chen

Theses

The absorption of nitric oxide from gas streams with cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) in n-hexadecane (cetane) as the scrubbing solution was investigated. The efficiency of the scrubbing solution to remove nitric oxide was evaluated over the temperature range of 90 to 110°C, concentration range of 0.1 to 0.5M, and residence time of 12 to 80 seconds. The products were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ion chromatography (IC). The goal of this research was to determine the NO removing efficiency of cumene hydroperoxide solution, a relatively inexpensive tertiary organic hydroperoxide. Also, a possible reaction mechanism for …

Interaction Of Cationic Porphyrins With Dna, Ulrica Sehlstedt, Pamela Carter, Jerry Goodisman, James C. Dabrowiak, Seog K. Kim

Chemistry - All Scholarship

Utilizing linear dichroism (LD), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence energy transfer, the binding geometries of a series of Co3+-porphyrins and their free ligands were examined. The compounds studied were Co-meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyi(nC oTMPyP) and its free ligand (H2- TMPyP), Co-meso-tetrakis(N-n-butylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin( CoTBPyP) and its free ligand (H2TBPyP), and Co-meso-tetrakis(N-n-octylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (CoTOPyP). The two non-metalloporphyrins exhibit negative LD, having angles of roughly 75' relative to the DNA helix axis. They also display negative CD and a significant contact energy transfer from the DNA bases. On the other hand, the three metalloporphyrins display orientation angles of roughly 45' between the porphyrin plane and the helix axis …

Purification And Characterization Of A Gamma-Like Dna-Polymerase From Chenopodium Album L., K. Meißner, Sabine Heinhorst, Gordon C. Cannon, T. Börner

Faculty Publications

A DNA polymerase activity from mitochondria of the dicotyledonous angiosperm Chenopodium album L. was purified almost 9000 fold by successive column chromatography steps on DEAE cellulose, heparin agarose and ssDNA cellulose. The enzyme was characterized as a gamma-class polymerase, based on its resistance to inhibitors of the nuclear DNA polymerase alpha and its preference for poly(rA).(dT)12-18 over activated DNA in vitro. The molecular weight was estimated to be 80,000 - 90,000. A 3' to 5' exonuclease activity was found to be tightly associated with the DNA polymerase activity through all purification steps. This is the first report of an association …

Application Of Potential And Polarization Modulation Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy To Study The Physical And Structural Properties Of The Electrochemical Interface, Mark Anderson, Susanne Feltovich, Minhui Zhang, Mark Evaniak

Mark R. Anderson

No abstract is currently available.

Investigation Of The Β-Γ Phase Transition In Single Crystal Malononitrile By Polarized Raman Spectroscopy, S.J. Bonafede, Craig J. Eckhardt

Craig J. Eckhardt Publications

Temperature dependent, polarized Raman spectra in the lattice mode region for sublimed, single crystal malononitrile through the β-γ phase transition (T_c=294.7 K) are reported. Symmetry assignments and frequencies of vibrational modes are made and compared to previous studies. Nine out of 12 possible lattice modes are observed in each phase with three of the observed modes being affected by the phase transition. The temperature dependence of these three affected modes is attributed to cyano group and molecular dipole interactions between molecules in the crystal. The behavior of malononitrile through the β-γ phase transition is analogous to the …

Infrared Spectroscopy Of The Electrochemical Interface, Mark Anderson

Mark R. Anderson

No abstract is available at this time.

Polymer Science And Technology For The 21sth Century, Gerald S. Kirshenbaum, Eli M. Pearce

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

68. Polymers To The Year 2000 And Beyond, Otto Vogl, Herman Mark

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Polymer Science At Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Separation And Characterization Of Components Of Catalytic Cracker Feed Using Centrifugal Partition Chromatography, Randy A. Menges, Daniel W. Armstrong, Larry A. Spino

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) was used to fractionate a catalytic-cracking feedstock (i.e., catalytic cracker feed) into 16 separate fractions in the descending mode and 5 fractions in the inverse or ascending mode. Each fraction was analyzed by UV, fluorescence, and synchronous luminescence (SL) spectroscopy as well as by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). It appeared that CPC can be used to fractionate larger samples of this type and with a greater degree of selectivity than previously reported preparative HPLC approaches. The SL spectra tended to be much more useful and information rich for these complex mixtures as compared to UV or …

Identification And Quantitation Of Volatile Amines In Chesapeake Bay Sediments, Neeraja Y. Krishna

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Sediments from different parts of the Chesapeake Bay were analyzed to determine the presence of volatile amines. A HF-HCl extraction method was used to extract both exchangeable and fixed amines from the sediments and a purge-and-trap technique was used to concentrate the amines. Following derivatization with heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA), the HFBA-amines were analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection and with mass spectrometric detection. One primary amine, i-amylamine with a concentration ranging from 0. 78 nmoles/g dry weight to < 0.05 nmoles/g dry weight was found in a total of twenty seven samples collected on three different dates in 1993. Another primary amine, 2-methylbutylamine with a concentration ranging from 0.18 nmoles/g dry weight to < 0.05 nmoles/g dry weight was found in a total of twenty three samples collected on three different dates in 1993. A secondary amine, diethylamine was detected but could not be quantified in a total of seven samples collected in September 1993. The concentrations of these amines varied with location in the Bay, depth in the sediment, and time of year the sediments were collected. The origin of i-amylamine and 2-methylbutylamine might be from the biological decarboxylation of amino acids leucine and isoleucine, respectively. The origin of diethylamine is unknown.

Infrared Spectroscopy Of The Electrochemical Interface, Mark Anderson

Mark R. Anderson

No abstract is available at this time.

The Onset Of Nuclear Vaporization, M. B. Tsang, W. C. Hsi, W. G. Lynch, D. R. Bowman, C. K. Gelbke, M. A. Lisa, Graham F. Peaslee, G. J. Kunde, M. L. Begemann-Blaich, T. Hoffman, J. Hubele, J. Kempter, P. Kreutz, W. D. Kunze, V. Lindenstruth, U. Lynen, M. Mang, W. F.J. Müller, M. Neumann, B. Ocker, C. A. Ogilvie, J. Pochodzalla, F. Rosenberger, H. Sann, A. Schüttauf, V. Serfling, J. Stroth, W. Trautmann, A. Tucholski, A. Wörner, E. Zude, B. Zwieglinski, S. Aiello, G. Immé, V. Pappalardo, G. Raciti, R. J. Charity, L. G. Sobotka

Faculty Publications

Multifragmentation has been measured for Au197+197Au collisions at E/A=100, 250, and 400 MeV. The mean fragment multiplicity increases monotonically with the charged particle multiplicity at E/A=100 MeV, but decreases for central collisions with incident energy, consistent with the onset of nuclear vaporization. Molecular dynamics calculations follow some trends but underpredict the observed fragment multiplicities. Including the statistical decay of excited residues improves the agreement for peripheral collisions but worsens it for central collisions.

Temporary Negative-Ion Resonances In The Nio(100) High-Resolution Electron-Energy-Loss Spectrum , K.W. Wulser, Marjorie Langell

Marjorie A. Langell Publications

The NiO(100) Fuchs-Kliewer phonon spectrum has been investigated by high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS) at beam energies of 0.8–17 eV and the intensity distribution of the phonons relative to the dielectric properties of the NiO substrate has been considered. Over most of the range, the spectrum is well behaved, with the single-loss phonon energy at -70.5 meV and multiple excitations decreasing according to the predicted Poisson distribution. At 5.0-, 8.5-, and 13.5-eV primary beam energies, however, a substantial resonant enhancement in the phonon cross section is observed. The enhancement is accompanied by a shift from the Poisson intensity distribution to favor …

69. Nachruf Hermann F. Mark,, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Polymer Science In Austria Ii: Universities In Vienna, Otto Vogl, Josef Schurz

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

The 2′-Phosphate Of Nadp Is Critical For Optimum Productive Binding To 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase From Candida Utilis, Anthony J. Berdis, Paul F. Cook

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Initial velocity studies obtained with alternative dinucleotide substrates for the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase reaction suggest that the 2′-phosphate is critical for the optimum productive binding of the dinucleotide substrate. Initial velocity patterns obtained by varying 6-phosphogluconate at different fixed levels of NAD are nearly parallel with apparent competitive substrate inhibition by 6-phosphogluconate at pH 7 and below but intersect to the left of the ordinate at pH 8 and above. Dead-end inhibition studies indicate that the mechanism is random at all pH values. Data are interpreted in terms of a random mechanism with marked antagonism in the binding of NAD and …

Distance Dependence Of Nonadiabaticity In The Branching Between C–Br And C–Cl Bond Fission Following 1[N(O),Π∗(C=O)] Excitation In Bromopropionyl Chloride, P. W. Kash, G.C.G. Waschewsky, L. J. Butler, Michelle M. Francl

Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship

These experiments on bromopropionyl chloride investigate a system in which the barrier to C-Br fission on the lowest 1A'' potential energy surface is formed from a weakly avoided electronic configuration crossing, so that nonadiabatic recrossing of the barrier to C-Br fission dramatically reduces the branching to C-Br fission. The results, when compared with earlier branching ratio measurements on bromoacetyl chloride, show that the additional intervening CH2 spacer in bromopropionyl chloride reduces the splitting between the adiabatic potential energy surfaces at the barrier to C-Br fission, further suppressing C-Br fission by over an order of magnitude. The experiment measures the photofragment …

Vadose Zone Contamination Measurement And Modeling, Thomas A. Reeder

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigated the effects of the slow sorption mechanism on the transport of volatile organic contaminants in the vadose zone. Recent research has shown that slow sorption may have a significant impact on the transport of volatile organic compounds in the subsurface. Specifically, this document examined the effects of slow sorption on the Vapor Extraction System (VES) and the Purge and Trap Measurement System. It was found that the slow sorption of organic molecules on soil may profoundly influence the efficiency of VES and purge and trap. In addition, this thesis investigated possible alternatives to purge and trap, including …

Sds Non-Acrylamide Polymeric Gel-Filled Capillary Electrophoresis For Molecular Size Separation Of Protein, Devon Andres

Honors Theses

Sodium dodecyl sulfide (SDS) non-acrylamide gel-filled capillary columns are a new technology being used for analysis and separation of biotechnology-derived proteins. This research was to compare this new technology to the current methods of SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). The molecular mass of four different recombinant proteins were determined by two commercialized SDS non-acrylamide gel-filled capillary columns, SDS-PAGE, and HPSEC. The data obtained showed that the SDS non-acrylamide gel-filled capillary columns were compatible with the SDS-PAGE technique for molecular mass determination. HPSEC was shown to be unreliable for molecular weight determination. SDS non-acrylamide gel-filled capillary …

Does Methane Invert Through Square Planar?, Mark S. Gordon, Michael Schmidt

Mark S. Gordon

MCSCF calculations using a triple-t basis set augmented with diffuse and polarization functions are used to probe that part of the singlet methane potential energy surface that pertains to the inversion of CH4 from one t~trahedral structure t.o another. The true inversion transition state is found to have a distorted C, structure, quite different both ge?me.tncally ~nd energetically from the previously presumed square planar saddle point. At the secondorder configuration mte.ractl~n.level of theory, the barrier to inversion is predicted to be just 7-8 kcaljmol higher in energy than the bond diSSOCiation energy for the first C-H bond cleavage in methane.

Polymer Science In Austria Iii, Universities In Linz, Innsbruck And Other Research Institute In Austria Including Industry, Otto Vogl, Josef Schurz

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Transition From Complete To Incomplete Fusion In Asymmetric Heavy Ion Reactions, K. Hanold, L. G. Moretto, Graham F. Peaslee, G. J. Wozniak, D. R. Bowman, M. F. Mohar, D. J. Morrissey

Faculty Publications

Complex fragments with atomic numbers between those of the target and the projectile have been detected from the reactions of 26 and 31 MeV/nucleon Xe129+C, Al, Ti, and Cu. Angular distributions, cross sections, and velocity spectra of these fragments were extracted from the inclusive data. The velocity of the emitting source and Z-total distributions were reconstructed from the twofold coincidence data. These results are used to characterize the emission source of the complex fragments. The results are compared to a geometric incomplete fusion model calculation. Agreement between the model and the data is good.

Orientational Phase Transition In Na_{X}C_{60} (1, T. Yildirim, J. E. Fischer, A. B. Harris, Peter W. Stephens, Dengfa Liu, Laurent Brard, Robert M. Strongin, Amos B. Smith Iii

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

X-ray diffraction and calorimetry data on cubic Na_xC₆₀(1<x60, e.g., T_m(x=1.3)=325 K. The ordered phases are the same as in pure C₆₀: simple cubic, space group Pa3¯, but the orientations in the disordered phase are more restricted. We explain how Na stabilizes the ordered phase to rather high T, while K and Rb do not, in terms of Coulomb interactions between C₆₀ molecules and and Na ions which we calculate from the local charge density of C₆₀.

Observation Of Non-Isotropic Auger Angular Distribution In The C(1s) Shape Resonance Of Co, Oliver Hemmers, Franz Heiser, J. Eiben, R. Wehlitz, U. Becker

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Angle-resolved high-resolution C(KVV) Auger spectra of CO were taken in the vicinity of the C(1s) σ^* shape resonance. These spectra show clear evidence for the theoretically predicted anisotropic K-shell Auger emission in molecules. Complementary results from angle-resolved photoion spectroscopy show that the small size of the observed effect is, besides the varying intrinsic anisotropy of the Auger decay, also due to a smaller anisotropy in the primary absorption process than originally predicted but in good agreement with more recent calculations. Contrary to this, satellite Auger transitions show unexpectedly large anisotropies.

Symmetrically H-Bridged Dimer Of 2-Carboxylatobenzenediazonium. The 1:1 Complex Between 2-Carboxybenzenediazonium Chloride And Benzenediazonium-2-Carboxylate, Christopher J. Horan, Paul E. Haney, Charles Leslie Barnes, Rainer Glaser

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The two zwitterions in the H-bridged dimer of 2-carboxylatobenzenediazonim (1) are linked by a crystallographically symmetric O⋯Hctdot;O hydrogen bond with an O⋯O distance of 2.436 (3) Å. Comparison of the (1) with the other benzenediazonium salts shows that the phenyl ring distortions in (1) are determined primarily by the diazonium substituent with only modest additional effects by the carboxylato group. Intramolecular neighboring goup interactions between the N₂ group and the orthoCOO(H) group are indicated and are discussed. The terminal N atom of the diazonium group is bent away from the neighboring carboxylato group. The N₂ and the …

Radially Symmetrical Flow Of Reacting Liquid With Changing Viscosity, S.E. Solovyov, V.A. Volpert, S.P. Davytan

Faculty Publications

Frontal regimens for one-dimensional flow of reacting liquid with changing viscosity are studied. Stationary solutions are investigated for the case of narrow reaction zones that shrink to a front. The results of numerical solution of the nonstationary problem are presented. Complex oscillations resulting from period-doubling bifurcations are found.

Thermal Analysis Of Bismaleimide/Graphite Fiber Composite By Tg/Ftir, Qi Zhang

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this project was to study the thermal and oxidative stability of a specific polymer composite. A TG/FTIR combined technique was employed to characterize this polymer/graphite fiber composite. The polymer composite sample was decomposed in nitrogen, air, and 3% oxygen atmospheres in a Seiko thermogravimetric analyzer. The use of a gas cell Fourier-transform IR spectrometer downstream from the TGA allowed for the identification of evolved gas products.

The thermal oxidative stability (TOS) of this composite was compared to its thermal stability. Also, comparison of the TOS in different atmospheres was made. In addition, the effects of specimen geometry …

35th Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program, abstracts, and information about the 35th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry, co-sponsored by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, July 25-29, 1993.