Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Spectroscopic Investigation Of The Mutual Interactions Between Nonionic Surfactant, Hydrocarbon, And Water, Hugo Christenson, Stig Friberg

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

NMR, UV, and IR spectroscopy were used to determine the interactions in hydrocarbon solutions between polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, water, and aromatic hydrocarbons. The results showed a concentration dependence for the site of benzene in benzene/surfactant solutions. At low concentrations the benzene molecules were preferentially located adjacent to the surfactant oxyethylene chain with an even distribution along the chain. At high benzene concentrations a positive concentration gradient was found toward the hydrocarbon end of the oxyethylene chain. Addition of water increased this gradient except for the octa ethylene glycol dodecyl ether; for this compound the preferential water location appeared to …

Nmr Investigations Of Aggregation Of Nonionic Surfactants In A Hydrocarbon Medium, Hugo Christenson, Stig Friberg, David W. Larsen

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Proton NMR, carabon-13 NMR, light-scattering, and density measurements were used to investigate association structures and molecular interactions during water solubilization in polyoxymethylene dodecyl ether/benzene systems at high surfactant concentrations. The results indicated an absence of association aggregates at low water concentrations. At water contents between 10 and 20%, association structures started to form, probably micelles of the inverse type, in which the water-polyoxymethylene chain interaction is the predominant feature. There is evidence that the average chain conformation changes with water content, and that bound water molecules are distributed evenly along the polyethoxyethylene chain. At higher water concentration, the results indicated …

Evidence For An Iminium Cation Intermediate And Its Non‐Oxidative Decarboxylation In A Cerium (Iv)‐Mediated Oxidative Decarboxylation. Preliminary Communication, Samir B. Hanna, Marilyn E. Moehlenkamp

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Evidence is provided for the occurrence of a non‐oxidative decarboxylation in an iminium cation intermediate which is produced in an oxidative decarboxylation induced by cerium (IV). Copyright © 1980 Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

The Electrochemical Oxidation Of Substituted Catechols, Michael D. Ryan, Alice Yueh, Wen-Yu Chen

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The oxidation of substituted catechols was studied by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, rotating ring‐disk electrode, and coulometry. The results showed that the quinones that were formed from the oxidation of substituted catechols reacted with the basic forms of the starting material to yield the dimeric product. These products were generally unstable and rapidly polymerized or underwent some other irreversible reaction to form an electroinactive product. For 3,4‐dihydroxyacetophenone and propriophenone, the intermediate was stable long enough to be observed in cyclic voltammetry. The rate of the coupling reaction was found to correlate well with the Hammett ρ‐σ parameters and indicated that there …

Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation Of Aqueous Sodium Bicarbonate, Duane P. Covino

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This research report investigated the ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogenation of aqueous sodium bicarbonate. Subjects of the investigation included: the "blank" effect of the 316 stainless steel reactor in the batch mode; the catalytic activities at 150°C for unsupported ruthenium, including ruthenium purge and the metal produced from the in situ reduction of RuCl3·1-3H2O and Ru(IV)O2·H2O; the catalytic activities at 150°C for supported ruthenium including 4.05% w/w ruthenium on alumina, 5.25 and 20.85%w/w ruthenium on molecular sieve SK-41 (ammonium - substituted Y-type), 3.34 and 17.48% w/w ruthenium on SK-41 (prepared by the in situ reduction of the RuCl3·1-3H2O exchange sieve); orders of reaction …

Separation Of 1,3-Pentadiene From A Five-Carbon Olefin Mixture By Use Of 13x Molecular Sieves, Samuel G. Maller

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Piperylene concentrate is a complex mixture of 5-carbon unsaturates. The major components are trans-1,3-pentadiene and cyclopentene. The object of this work is to form a product high in cyclopentene and a product high in the pentadienes, through the use of 13X zeolite molecular sives. Separation by molecular sieves is difficult because of the tendency of trans and cis pentadience to polymerize o the sieve and to thus decrease the adsorptive capacity of the sieve. Nitrogenous bases (dimethylamine, pyridine, and piperidine) were used in an attempt to neutralize any acid sites on the sieve. Dealumination by EDTA was used to decrease …

Cyclodimerization Of 1,3-Pentadiene With Homogeneous Nickel Catalyst, Morteza Soltani

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Piperylene concentrate is a complex mixture of 5-carbon unsaturated hydrocarbons obtained as by-products when naptha or gas oils are cracked. The major component in this mixture is 1,3-pentadiene. The cyclodimerization of 1,3-pentadience in piperylene concentrate by using a nickel catalyst was studied. Various types of ligands were used in the preparation of the nickel catalyst. The effect of each ligand on activity of the catalyst in dimerization of diene, on conversion, and on yield of reaction were investigated. The effect of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and reaction time, on conversion of monomer, yield of dimer, and selectivity of …

Simple Parallel Interface Between An Optical Multichannel Analyzer And A Microprocessor, Stephen E. Bialkowski

Stephen E. Bialkowski

A simple circuit is given which will allow data transfer from a LSI‐11 DRV11 parallel interface unit to a PARC 1216 Optical Multichannel Detector Controller. The Circuit for OMA to LSI‐11 data transfer is slightly more complicated. Data buffering is used so that data transfer can occur without time‐out loss due to the dynamic memory refresh cycle of the LSI‐11. The circuit may be constructed and mounted within the PARC 1216 unit with only minor, noncritical, modifications to the controller unit. The unit is able to transmit data from the 1216 controller running at dwell times as short as 40 …

The Determination Of Mass Transport Coefficients And Vibrational Relaxation Rates Of Speciesformed In Laser Photolysis Experiments, Stephen E. Bialkowski, David S. King, John C. Stephenson

Stephen E. Bialkowski

A simple analytical solution of the equations which govern the formation, collisional relaxation, and mass transport rates of species produced in radially symmetric laser‐induced processes is given. These equations are specifically applied to the CO₂ laser‐induced dissociations of CF₂HCl and C₂F₃Cl dilute in argon. The concentration of the vibrational ground state of the CF₂ radical product was probed as a function of time and pressure both during and after the photolyzing laser pulse by the laser‐excited fluorescence technique. From these measurements, the vibrational relaxation rate of ? CF₂ in argon was …

Energy Partitioning In The Ir Multiphoton Dissociation Of Molecules: Energy Of Xcf2 And Xcfcl Fromcf2Cfcl, John C. Stephenson, Stephen E. Bialkowski, David S. King

Stephen E. Bialkowski

We have measured the vibrational (v), rotational (J,K), and translational energy, (E_T), of the X̃ CF₂ and X̃ CFCl fragments formed in the CO₂ laser induced multiphoton dissociation of CF₂CFCl (chlorotrifluoroethylene): CF₂CFCl→CF₂(v,J,K)+CFCl(v,J,K)+E_T(v,J,K), which was the only detectable reaction path for CF₂CFCl. More vibrational energy (E_v) appears in CF₂ than in CFCl. Direct spectroscopicmeasurements of populations in levels 0<ν₂<7 show that E_v is distributed statistically in the bending mode (ν₂) of CF₂ according to P(E_v)=exp(−E_v/k T_v), …

Factors Affecting The Sr-90 Concentration In Dardanelle Lake, Arkansas, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Concentrations Of Total Dissolved Solids And Selected Cations In Dardanelle Lake, Arkansas, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Luminescence In Slipped And Dislocation-Free Laser-Annealed Silicon, R.H. Uebbing, P. Wagner, H. Baumgart, H. J. Queisser

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Photoluminescence of cw laser-annealed silicon shows a dramatic difference in electronic behavior of the reconstructed material depending upon either creation or suppression of dislocations. Beyond a critical exposure time slip appears, and the luminescence of these samples is dominated by dislocation-related defect levels.

Interaction Of Cocaine With Some Central Dopominergic And Serotonergic Mechanisms, Mark Harold Berman

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The present study ln male Wistar rats was designed to rate and analyze six specific cocaine-induced behaviors. These behavioral parameters have been defined by others as either dopaminergic (sniffing, grooming, and locomotor activity) or serotonergic (repetitive head movements, rearing, and Straub tail) in origin.

Results were analyzed by analysis of variance in two ways : (i) as grouped dopaminergic or serotonergic scores, and (ii) as the net behavioral index (dopaminergic scores minus the serotonergic scores). The purpose of approaching the data in this way was to attempt to define the behavioral interactions of the two neurotransmitters.

One conclusion that developed …

Inhibition Of N⁸-Acetylspermidine Deacetylation Activity Of Rat Liver, Michael J. Santacroce

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

An enzyme activity located in the soluble fraction of rat liver which is known to deacetylate N⁸-acetylspermidine is studied. Using a crude cytosol preparation from rat liver, tritium-labelled N⁸-acetylspermidine [acetyl-³H] was shown to undergo deacetylation which was dependent upon both time of incubation and protein concentration. The Michalis constant for this deacetylation of N⁸-acetylspermidine is approximately 4.4 μM.

N¹-Acetylspermidine showed a competitive inhibition of this N⁸-acetylspermidine deacetylation activity, and was found to be the most potent inhibitor tested. Diamine and polyamine compounds were also shown to inhibit the …

Computer Simulation Of Polymer Dynamics, Rebecca Louise Moss Smithson

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Transport Of Ozone Across An Air/Water Interface Coupled With Aqueous Decomposition, Ahmad Ali Mehrabzadeh

Dissertations and Theses

Photoacoustic spectroscopy was used to analyze the transport of ozone through the air/water interface. Experimental results showed that the ozone transport rate is similar to rates measured for other gases of low solubility and low reactivity. The transport rate increases with increasing pH. The decomposition rate of ozone was studied in solutions. The decomposition rate also depends on the pH of the solution, and in high pHs both the deposition velocity and the decomposition rate constant of ozone have larger values. The value of the deposition velocity (Kd) is 3.7 ± .9 x 10^-3 cm/sec and the decomposition rate …

Synthesis And Reactivity Of Some Fe(0) And Ru(0) Compounds, Michael E. Hawkins

Masters Theses

The catalytic activity of the compounds used in this study, Ru[P(C₆H₅)₃]₄ (η²-CH₃CN)⋅CH₃CN, Ru(CO)[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃CH₃CN, Ru(CO)₂[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃, Fe(CO)₂[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃ was compared using the isomerization of allylbenzene to β-methylstyrene as the test reaction. The measured decreasing order of reactivity for these complexes is: Ru(CO)[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃CH₃CN > Ru[P(C₆H₅)₃]₄ (η …

A Numerical Method For The Solution Of The Schrödinger Equation By A Trial Wavefunction Improvement Formula, Chun-Sheng Ko

Masters Theses

A numerical method and corresponding computer algorithm for solving the one-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation to any desired accuracy is developed. The method uses a finite difference scheme in which an initial trial wavefunction is digitalized over a lattice covering the region of integration. The values of a rough solution are then altered at each lattice point by a simple improvement formula decreasing the value of the variational energy until the desired minimum is reached. The accuracy of these solutions depends only on the grid size. This method is characterized and tested with a harmonic oscillator potential. Practical evaluations and applications …

A Study Of Ylide Extractions Of Mercury In Fish And Water Using Cold Vapor Flameless Atomic Absorption Techniques, Howard Vail

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Cold vapor flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry is an analytical method used in the determination of mercury. Its sensitivity is less than one part per billion using a 100 milliliter sample, and there are virtually no interferences from other metal ions. The method is best carried out making use of a permanganate-persulfate oxidation step with heat.

The ylide, triphenylphosphoniumcyclopentadienylide (CpPPh₃), which extracts mercury almost quantitatively from water, was used in attempts to remove mercury from exposed goldfish. Though not toxic to the fish, CpPPh₃ did not significantly lower mercury levels. Evaluation of CpPPh₃ as a possible phase …

A Study Of The Photolysis Of O-Methyl Podocarpinitrile Oxide, Dianne Marie Hunter

Dissertations and Theses

The photolytic reaction of 0-methyl podocarpinitrile oxide to yield the δ-lactam (shown below) was studied under various conditions such as: solvent (hexane, methanol), mercury lamp wattage (lOOW, 450W), filter (Pyrex, Corex, Vycor), and additives (dichloromethane, hexafluorobenzene). The reactions were analyzed with IR, NMR and HPLC. Preparative medium pressure liquid chromatography and TLC were used in the δ-lactam isolation. The conditions resulting in the optimum yield of δ-lactam were determined. The photolytic stability of the δ-lactam under the conditions in which it was formed indicated that it was relatively stable only in hexane.

Surface Area Of Coal As Influenced By Low Temperature Oxidation Processes, Salvador Leon Arredondo

Dissertations and Theses

The possibility of increasing the amount of readily accessible surface area by enlarging the 5 A pore was examined via pretreating the PSOC-371 coal with gases such as nitrogen, nitrogen-oxygen, and ozone-oxygen and hydrogen peroxide solutions. Surface areas were obtained from nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and carbon dioxide adsorption at either 298 or 195 K for each sample before and after treatment.

The Association Of 5.8 S With 28s Ribosomal Rna, Nandita Banerjee

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

5.8S rRNA is a low molecular weight ribosomal RNA which is noncovalently bonded to the larger ribosomal subunit 28S rRNA; through its 3' end and through its 5' end. This interaction is an integral part of the ribosome, and plays an important role in the ribosome structure and function.

There is a high degree of homology between the 5.8S rRNA primary structures of rat, turtle and chicken. The base sequence of rat 5.8S rRNA differs only in one position from that of turtle and in three positions fr.om that of cl1.icken. Tl1ere is a single purine substitution at the 5' …

Centers Of Polymer Research; Polymer Science And Technology In The Ddr, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Mixtures Of Chlorine, Chlorine Dioxide And Chlorite, Ying-Chien Chu

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Kinetic Study Of The Formation Of Mixed Ligand Complexes Formed From Triethylenetetramine Nickel (Ii) And Bidentate Ligands, Burtrand Insung Lee

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Solid State 13C-Nmr And 19F-Nmr Spectra Of Some Graphite Fluorides, Charles A. Wilkie, Gong-Yu Lin, Daniel T. Haworth

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The solid state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of fluorinated graphites show two resonances, one of which is assigned to aromatic carbon and the other to aliphatic carbon. The resonances are very broad with the high-field resonance centered at about 35 ppm below tetramethylsilane (TMS) and a low-field resonance centered at about 160 ppm below tetramethylsilane. The high-field resonance is typical of an sp³-like carbon and the low-field resonance is assigned to sp²-like carbons. It is found that the aromatic resonance in graphite decreases with an increase in fluorination of the graphite fluorides examined in …

Nonenzymatic Glucosylation Of Rat Albumin: Studies In Vitro And In Vivo, James F. Day, Robert W. Thornburg, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes

Faculty Publications

Incubation of rat serum with D-glucose in vitro resulted in nonenzymatic glucosylation of serum proteins. Analysis of freshly isolated rat albumin by ion exchange chromatography indicated that the glucosylated albumin accounts for 6.7.+-. 0.9% of total albumin in normal rat serum. Glucosylation of rat albumin in vitro was 1st order with respect to glucose and albumin concentrations and occurs primarily (> 90%) at intrachain lysine residues. Kinetic analysis and inhibition of glucosylation by aspirin suggest that 1 reactive lysine residue is the primary site of glucosylation. Less than 5% of the radioactivity from glucosyl-albumin was released as glucose or mannose …

Enhanced Nonenzymatic Glucosylation Of Human Serum Albumin In Diabetes Mellitus, C. Earl Guthrow, Mary Ann Morris, James F. Day, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes

Faculty Publications

Use of an ion exchange chromatographic method and a colorimetric method with thiobarbituric acid showed that levels of nonenzymatically glucosylated serum albumin were increased in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus compared to controls. The two methods correlated well (r = 0.99) and clearly discriminated between normal and poorly controlled diabetic populations. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin were also measured in both populations. Several patients apparently in good control based on glycosylated hemoglobin measurements were found to have increased levels of glycosylated albumin. Because albumin has a shorter circulating half-life than does the human erythrocyte, the plasma concentration of glucosylated …

Heating-Effect Minimization In Dye Lasers, Kenneth Lee Matheson, James M. Thorne

Faculty Publications

Optical pumping of dye lasers deposits heat nonuniformly in the active medium. Because the refractive index of a liquid or gas is a function of temperature, gradients are created which refract the laser beam. This effect is sometimes serious enough to quench laser action. In this paper, we evaluate the effects caused by optical pumping with a coaxial flashlamp and suggest ultraviolet absorbers and wavelength shifters as materials for minimizing the problem