Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Eutrophication Of Small Lakes, Lynn T. Kenison

Theses and Dissertations

An estimate was made to determine the amount of nitrate and phosphate entering Utah Lake in 1968. To make this estimate, the flow data for 1968 and the nitrate and phosphate concentrations for 1970 were used. This was done because of the lack of information. The results show that the total nitrate added to Utah Lake in 1968 was 7,638,000 pounds. The total phosphate added was 1,740,200 pounds. Of this amount, 12,4 per cent of the nitrate and 18.0 per cent of the phosphate was released from the lake through the Jordan River. The rest remained in the lake to …

Calcium Carbonate Dissolution And Precipitation In Water: Factors Affecting The Carbonate Saturometer Method, Lyle M. Dabb

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The carbonate saturometer method developed by Weyl (1961) was studied in respect to the effect of several variables on the solubility of carbonates. The solubility of three solid carbonate materials was measured in four different salt solutions, at four ionic strengths, and at two different temperatures. The solids studied included: calcite, dolomite, and a calcareous soil.

It was found that the three solid carbonate materials varied in solubility from a low in the soil carbonates to a high in dolomite.

Increasing the ionic strength of the solution increased the solubility of most of the solid carbonate materials.

By decreasing the …

Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibria Studies :|Bi. Several Charge Transfer Systems ; Ii. A Metallic System ; Iii. A Liquid Crystal, Dee Edward Oyler

Theses and Dissertations

Solid-liquid phase equilibria studies were used to investigate possible compound formation in solutions of (i) N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and (ii) N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) with a series of halogenated hydrocarbons that were selected to give a wide range of acceptor properties. Solid 1:1 intermolecular compounds were identified from solutions of (i) DMF and (ii) DMA with CCl_4, CBrCl_3, and C_6H_5CCl_3. The intermolecular compounds (DMF)_2•CCl_4 and (DMF)_2•CBrCl_3 were also found. The results suggest charge transfer from DMF or DMA to the chlorine atoms of the acceptor molecule as the process for compound formation. Thermal methods were used to determine with high precision the solid-liquid …

A Calorimetric Study Of Metal Ion Cyclic Polyether Interaction :|Bi. Cation Binding Properties Of Macrocyclic Polyethers In Aqueous Solution As A Function Of Temperature ; Ii. Effect Of Solvent Dielectric Constant On The Binding Properties Of Cyclic Polyethers For Na[Superscript +] And K[Superscript +], Dennis Pershing Nelson

Theses and Dissertations

The complexation properties of the two isomers of the cyclic polyether dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 are examined in aqueous solution for a series of metal ions at various reaction temperatures. The results are discussed in terms of size relationships and salvation characteristics of both polyether and metal ions. ΔCp° values are determined from the temperature dependence of the ΔH° values. A discussion of the errors involved in the determination of ΔH° from the temperature dependence of log K values is also included. Comparisons are made between the results of this study and those of a similar study by H. K. Frensdorff, E. I. …

The Roles Of Chlorine Azide In Chemical Lasers, Walter Wood Rice

Theses and Dissertations

ClN_3 was photolyzed in various gas mixtures to transform its chemical energy into laser radiation. Reaction mechanisms, energy distribution in reaction products, and relative reaction rates were deduced from the laser emission. Flash photolysis of ClN_3-H_2 mixtures produced HCl laser emission; however, due to a narrow range of operating conditions and many competing reactions, the laser output was less than that obtained from comparable Cl_2-H_2 mixtures. The rate constants for H + ClN_3 —> HCl* (v=n) + N_3 were determined to be 0.45 ± 0.05 of the corresponding rate constants for H + Cl_2 —> HCl* (v=n) + Cl. Chlorine …

Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibria Of The Potassium-Rubidium And Rubidium-Cesium Alloy Systems, Elisabeth M. Delawarde

Theses and Dissertations

Thermal methods of high precision were used to determine the solid-liquid phase equilibria diagrams for the potassium-rubidium and the rubidium-cesium systems. Both form minima in the liquidus curves occurring at 307.00° K with 0.667 mole fraction rubidium in the potassium-rubidium system and 282.85° K with 0.530 mole fraction cesium in the rubidium-cesium system. In the potassium-rubidium system, the liquidus and solidus points are very close together, giving a very narrow temperature range for the two phase region. The freezing point minimum in the potassium-rubidium system occurs at 0.667 mole fraction rubidium, suggesting the possible formation of a KRb2 intermetallic compound.

Ion‐Pair Theory Of Concentrated Electrolytes. Iii. Variational Principle, Frank Stillinger, Ronald White

Center for Advanced Mineral and Metallurgical Processing (CAMP)

Two major contributions are devised for that theory of concentrated electrolytes which by convention regards the ions as completely paired into uncharged dipolar “molecules.” First, a more satisfactory expression is obtained for the wavelength‐dependent static dielectric “constant” ε(k). Second, a variational principle for Helmholtz free energy F is displayed whose minimization with respect to the ion‐pair size distribution p(1) serves to determine both F and p(1). In anticipation of future numerical applications, a binary collision approximation is specified for the short‐range interaction aspect of the functional F[p(1)].

Ion‐Pair Theory Of Concentrated Electrolytes. Iv. Ion Atmosphere Charge Distribution, Frank Stillinger, Ronald White

Center for Advanced Mineral and Metallurgical Processing (CAMP)

Arguments are presented indicating that the large‐size limiting behavior of the ion‐pair size distribution is qualitatively the same both with, and without, Coulomb interactions between ions. This in turn implies that the static dielectric response function ε0 / ε(k) derived in the preceding paper is nonanalytic at k = 0. The specific singular behavior of this response requires a branch cut along the imaginary k axis. It furthermore induces an r−8 tail in the ion atmosphere charge distribution at finite electrolyte concentration.

Synthesis Of Chromium Tricarbonyl Complexes Of 1,3-Diaryl-2-Propyl Methanesulfonates, Ashby French Johnson

Master's Theses

Various unsymmetrically substituted 1 , 3-dipheny l -2- propylmethanesulfonates were prepared and complexed with chromium hexacarbonyl. The major products obtained from this complexation contained one rr -complexed ring and the other ring substituted with more common groups.

A Study Of The Mechanism Of The Ligand Exchange Between Triethilenetetraminenickel(Ii) And 1,10-Phenanthroline, James Allan Boersma

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Simplified Sheep Skin Tanning, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Most people would agree that a white sheepskin rug adds a touch of luxury to any home.

The following method will produce dressed, woolly sheep skins with chemicals and equipment available to any householder.

The Crystal Structure Of Ethyl P-Azoxybenzoate, W. R. Krigbaum, Patrick G. Barber

Chemistry & Physics Faculty Publications

The low-temperature form (solid I) of the smectogenic compound ethyl p-azoxybenzoate (C18H18N2Os) is stable below 90 °C. The triclinic unit cell of space group P] and dimensions a = 7.56 + 0.02, b-- 18"35 + 0.07, c= 6.28 + 0.01 A, ¢¢= 94.38 ° + 0.30 °, ,8= 97.21 _+ 0.31 °, and y = 83.97 ° + 0.25 ° contains two molecules and has a calculated density of 1.325 g.cm-3. The observed density is 1.315 + 0.013 g.cm-3. Integrated intensities were measured at room temperature by a 20--~ scan on a four-circle diffractometer equipped with a post-diffraction monochromator and …

Optical Studies Of Metal- Semiconductor Transmutations Produced By Intercalation, Juana Vivó Acrivos, Y. Liang, J. Wilson, A. Yoffe

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

Spectra of the alkali metal intercalation products of MoS2 and NbSc2 arc interpreted in terms of a previously published band model.

Substituted ℓ-Dialkylaminomethyl-3-Phenyl-1-Naphthalenemethanols, Richard Elroy Davis

Master's Theses

Malaria is still a world health problem. Established antimalarial drugs have become ineffective in many areas because of the emergence of resistant strains of malaria. New efforts have been initiated to study variations of new untried compounds and earlier structures shown to have activity. The 4-quinolinemethanols fall into the latter class. The great activity of the 4-quinolinemethanols is offset by their phytotoxic activity.

The possibility that substituted o(-dialkylaminomethyl-3-phenyl-1- naphthalenemethanols, as analogs of the 4-quinolinemethanols, would be effective antimalarials, yet not have the phototoxic side effect, is discussed in this paper. Synthetic pathways to the naphthalenemhethanols are discussed. Experimental procedures are …

A Measurement Of The Capture Coefficient And Of The Vapor Pressure Of Co₂ From 69ºk To 80ºk, Michel Louis Chouarain

Masters Theses

"The capture coefficient of CO₂ gas at 135ºK on a surface of CO₂ at temperatures between 69ºK and 80ºK is measured by means of quartz crystal microbalances. The vapor pressure of CO₂ is measured in the same range of temperature"--Abstract, page ii.

The Oxidative Decarboxylation Of Polyaminocarboxylic Acids - Ii. A Comparative Kinetic Study Of The Oxidation Of Nta, Edta, Cdta And Dtpa With Cerium(Iv) In Sulfuric Acid Media, Samir B. Hanna, Rita Hessley, William H. Webb, William R. Carroll

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The rates of oxidation of four chelating agents, NTA, EDTA, CDTA, and DTPA with Ce(IV), in sulfuric acid media, were determined spectrophotometrically by a stopped-flow technique. The reductive ability is in the order CDTA > EDTA > DTPA > NTA. The influence of varying the acidity of the medium was studied, and in each case a maximum in the rate constant vs. [H+] plot was observed. A possible interpretation of the reactivities and the influence of acidity is advanced. © 1971 Springer-Verlag.

Noble Gases Anomalies In Terrestrial Ores And Meteorites, B. Srinivasan

Doctoral Dissertations

"Analyses of the content and isotopic composition of xenon and krypton in terrestiral ores containing tellurium, selenium or iodine resulted in the following conclusions: 1. The double beta-decay half-life for ¹³⁰Te is 2.51 x 10²¹ years from analysis of tellurobismuthite from Boliden, Sweden and 2.83 x 10²¹ years from analysis of tellurides from Kalgoorlie, Australia. 2. The ratio of the double beta-decay half-life of ¹²⁸Te relative to that of ¹³⁰Te is ≥ 108 and ≥ 293 for Boliden tellurobismuthite and Kalgoorlie tellurides, respectively. 3. Selenium minerals and tellurium ores containing selenium exhibit ⁸²Kr excess attributed to the double beta-decay of …

Anodic Dissolution Of Beryllium In Anhydrous Media, William Joseph James, Martin E. Straumanis

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Conversions From Cyclohexanol: An Undergraduate Laboratory Project, Samir B. Hanna, James T. Wrobleski, Joseph T. Bohanon, Billy W. Peace

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Magnetic Behavior Of Rare-Earth Iron-Rich Intermetallic Compounds, Dominique Givord, Remy Lemaire, William Joseph James, Jean Michel Moreau, Jayant S. Shah

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The thermal variation of lattice parameters of rare earth-transition metal intermetallic compounds rich in Fe, Co, or Ni in the temperature range of 25-900oK is studied. For the Fe compounds, negative thermal expansion is observed below their magnetic ordering temperatures regardless of the nature of substitutional ordering. For Co and Ni compounds, the thermal expansion behavior is normal. It is then concluded that for the Fe compounds, the magnetic properties are mainly determined by the Fe-Fe interatomic distances and the number of Fe nearest neighbors, whereas for Co and Ni compounds the magnetic properties are determined by the conduction electron …

Synthesis, X-Ray Characterization, Structural And Magnetic Studies Of A New Class Of Iso-Structural Bimo₃ Compounds, Joseph Donato Bucci

Doctoral Dissertations

"This dissertation consists of four sections. The first part is a temperature dependent X-ray study of the lattice parameters of BiFeo₃. The synthesis and subsequent X-ray characterization of BiCo₃, BiAlO₃, BiMnO₃ , BiScO₃, BiCo₁₋ₓFeₓO₃ , and BiAl₁₋ₓFeₓO₃ are reported in the second part. These compounds all crystallize in the body centered cubic (BCC) structure with a~10.2Å. Single crystal Precession and Weissenberg photographs confirmed the BCC structure. In part three, the results of the magnetic studies on BiCoO₃ and biAl.₉FE.₁ are presented. The magnetic data for BiCoO₃ are substantiated by X-ray thermal expansion studies. In the last part the compound BiCo.₉FE.₁O₃ …

Some Metal Complexes Of Dihydroxycyclobutenedione, Stewart Michael Condren

Doctoral Dissertations

"This study involves an investigation of some of the physical and chemical properties of the trivalent metal squarate complexes of iron, vanadium, and indium in order to determine their structure. In this investigation studies were made of the infrared spectra, electronic spectra, x-ray diffraction powder photographs and diffractometer patterns, magnetic susceptibilities, and thermogravimetric patterns for the trihydrate, dihydrate, and anhydrous squarate complexes of vanadium(III) and iron (III) and the dihydrate squarate complex of indium(III). These studies suggest that the structures of the vanadium(III) and iron(III) squarate complexes are dimeric with hydroxyl bridges between the metal atoms. This is supported by …

Studies Of The Cleavages And Stabilities Of Carbohydrate Epoxides And Epimines, Curtis Alvin Johnson

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

A novel epoxide ring opening of benzyl 3,4-anhydro-2-benzylox-carbonylamido-2-deoxy-β-D-allopyranoside(I) was affected by phenylboronic anhydride in toluene. One of the products was demonstrated to be benzyl 2-benzyloxycarbonylamido-2-deoxy-4,6-0-phenylboronate-β-D-gulopyranoside. Another product isolated, while not identified, had the properties of an anhydro-sugar different from the starting compound(I). Benzyl 6-0-acetyl-2-benzyloxycarbonylamido-2-deoxy-β-D-allopyranoside(II) also underwent epoxide ring opening in a reaction with phenylboronic acid. An isolated product had the properties of a benzyl 2-benzyloxycarbonyiamido-2-deoxy-D-hexoside different from compounds isolate in the reaction of I with the phenyboronate. This indicated the necessity for an unsubstituted 6-OH group in order for the boron compound to be involved in the ring opening. Supporting …

Preparation Of O-Fluorobenzoic Acid. An Elementary Organic Laboratory Experiment, Frank L. Setliff

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

An experiment designed for organic chemistry students at the sophomore level is presented. The experiment, which involves no special equipment and which employs only inexpensive reagents, demonstrates the conversion of anthranilic acid to o-fluorobenzoic acid via the modified Schiemann Reaction.

High-Pressure Phase Studies On Sodium–Potassium Alloys, D. Ray Anderson, J. Bevan Ott, Rex J. Goates, H. Tracy Hall

Faculty Publications

The solid–liquid phase diagrams were investigated to 60 kbar for elemental sodium, potassium, and various sodium–potassium alloys. The data for Na and K are in general agreement with those of earlier workers. In the alloy system the temperatures of both the peritectic and eutectic halts increase as the pressure increases, but with different slopes, so that the two invariant points merge at approximately 35 kbar. Above this pressure, two halts are again observed. One increases with increasing pressure, and the other decreases with increasing pressure up to 55 kbar, where it abruptly starts increasing again. Melting points for samples in …

Optical Studies Of Metal- Semiconductor Transmutations Produced By Intercalation, Juana Vivó Acrivos, Y. Liang, J. Wilson, A. Yoffe

Juana Vivó Acrivos

Spectra of the alkali metal intercalation products of MoS2 and NbSc2 arc interpreted in terms of a previously published band model.

The Thermal Accommodation Coefficients Of Helium, Neon, And Argon On Surfaces, Gerald Lee Zweerink

Doctoral Dissertations

"Measurements of the accommodation coefficients of helium, neon, and argon on an ice surface at 77ºK were accomplished; Measurements of the accommodation coefficients of helium and neon on a clean tungsten surface are also reported here; These data are compared with theoretical calculations of accommodation coefficients as well as with data from other experimental studies"--Abstract, pages iii-iv.

Micronutrients And Biological Patterns In Lake Mead, Hasan K. Qashu, Lorne G. Everett, J. S. Carlson, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Progressive increases in concentration of dissolved solids in the Colorado River water from Lake Powell to Imperial Dam seem to alter plankton dynamics and biological productivity of the river. Also, changes in biological productivity and micronutrients concentrations occur within the same reservoir. Development of a digital simulation model to predict micronutrients concentrations and biological productivity is necessary for diagnosing changes in plankton population and effluent-carrying capacity of the system.

The objectives of the study are: (1) to determine trace metal balance at different locations in Lake Mead, (2) to measure biological productivity and conduct plankton population counts at each sampling …

The Chemistry Of Some Unusual Carbodiimides, Donald Melvin Plautz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Several N¹-alkyl-N²-(N,N-dialkylamino)carbodiimides, which were found to form dimeric species, were prepared, and the structure of the dimeric species determined. A study of the reaction chemistry of both the monomeric and dimeric carbodiimides led to the conclusion that dimerization occurred via a (π2s + π2a) ground-state, symmetry-allowed mechanism, and that thermal decomposition of the dimeric species occurred via a (π2s +-π2s) excited-state, symmetry-allowed mechanism. Although dialkylphosphoramidates have been shown to be useful intermediates in the preparation of unsaturated organic nitrogen compounds, N-acyl- and N-imino-dialkylphosphorohydrazidates were found to be too unstable, forming trialkylphosphates upon distillation, to be of …

Analysis Of Urinary Calculi By Attenuated Total Reflection With Atlas, Peter Tin-Kai Chan

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of this research are (1) to bridge this gap of deficiency by developing a simple, precise and reproducible routine analytical technique by using attenuated total reflectance, and (2) to serve as an atlas for identification of renal calculi.