Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Determination Of Ethanol In Aqueous Solution By Gas-Liquid Partition Chromatography, Robert L. Morrison

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The present chemical and physical methods for the determination of ethyl alcohol are all subject to systematic errors derived from any of a number of interfacing substances usually present in solution with the ethanol. Some of the most popular methods are slow and tedious and require a good deal of skill and technique to perform. The dichromate (2), pycnometer and refractometer methods are three such methods. The interfering substances most often present in industrial and food products are fusel oils and acetaldehyde. These substances interfere in the three methods just mentioned. It is of course possible to analyze for these …

Analysis Of The A3(X3)3 Nuclear Spin System And -Electron Coupled Hyperfine Splitting Constants In Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Juana Acrivos

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

The nuclear spin functions for the A3(X3)3 system have been developed and used to analyse the NMR spectra of (CH3)3C6H3 and (CF3)3C6H3. The π-electron coupled hyperfine splitting constants, obtained from the Ramsey theory with simple Hückel M.O.'s for benzene and without the assumption of an average energy of excitation for the virtual processes which give rise to the coupling, are in agreement with the hyperfine constants observed between the methyl groups and the ring protons in the above compounds.

The Carbon Compounds Of The Primeval Atmosphere, James Sherman Rogers

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The question of how and when life originated on t his planet has always been an intriguing one, exceeded perhaps in fascination only by that area of speculation which concerns itself with death and the afterlife . The latter problem has generally been approached along theological lines; the former problem , that of the origin of life, has been widely investigated along scientific lines as well . Indeed, the origin of life has always been one of the fundamental problems of science, and the increasingly sophisticated answers to the problem reflect the increasing potence and applicability of the methods of …

Construction And Calibration Of Equipment For Obtaining Heat Capacity Data At High Temperatures, David Wells Wood

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This is a study of the heat capacity substances at high temperatures at determined by means of drop-calorimetry. The heat capacity may be defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1^o C. This can be expressed as [see PDF file for formula]. The concept of heat capacity is used in connection with a certain defined path such as those of constant volume or constant pressure. The following definitions apply: [see PDF file for formula] = heat capacity at constant volume and [see PDF file for formula] = heat capacity at constant …

Identification Of The Products And Mechanism Of Decomposition Of Thiazate, Paul Edward Williams

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This work is an additional facet of the research undertaken by Dr. Herschel Frye of the Department of Chemistry of the University of the Pacific while he was a graduate student at the University of Oregon. Frye succeeded in making an analytical reagent for zinc and other transition metals similar to dithiszone but water soluble. His approach was to to sulfonate the benzene rings thus giving water solubility because of the ionic nature of the sulfonic acid. The new reagent-tensed thiazate--was quite successful in its purpose, but the sections of the compound were somewhat different than dithizone. The purpose of …

Identification Of The Products And Mechanism Of The Disproportionation Of Di(P-Sulfonic Acid)Phenylthiocarbazide, Ralph Lee Riggs

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

It is the purpose of this paper to separate and identify the products resulting from treatment of this compound with strong base. This will be done using both column and paper chromatography, and through interpretation of infrared spectra. In addition, a discussion of the structure of the complexes of heavy metals with di(p-sulfonic acid) phenylthiocarbazide in basic solution will be presented.

Synthesis Of Acetyl Acetophenone, Hampton D. Proett

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The keytones are representative of one of the large groups of compounds of Organic Chemistry. Phenyl-methyl-ketone is the simplest representative of the mixed aliphatic-aromatic ketones. It is a member of a group of compounds which are soporific and hypnotic and are used in medicine as sleep producers and sedatives. It is found to a small extent in coal tar. It has basic properties and is extracted from the heavy oil of coal tar with sulfuric acid.

The purpose of this research is to synthesize one of the compounds which is not present in the compilation of the natural lists and …

M-Aminocyclohexanol, Leroy Mancel Law

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

There has developed in recent years an interest in chemical materials that may have the ability to concentrate in and about carcinomic tissue.

Evaluation Of The Force Constants Of Non-Polar Gases From Viscosity Data, Kei-Sin Wei

Masters Theses

"The analytical expressions for the transport coefficients (i.e. viscosity, thermal conductivity, and diffusivity) of an ideal gas can be derived from the kinetic theory of gases. It is also possible to make these analytical expressions adequate for real gases if the intermolecular forces of attraction and repulsion for these gases have been taken into consideration.

The intermolecular forces have been studied by many investigators. The Lennard-Jones potential is one of the most realistic semi-empirical statements which represents particularly the intermolecular forces of attraction and repulsion for non-polar gases.

The values of the Lennard-Jones potential parameters or the force constants of …

Distribution Of Ammonia Nitrogen In The Lower York River, Virginia : Spring, 1961, Bernard C. Patten, Virginia Fisheries Laboratory, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

No abstract provided.

Application Of The Quasi-Lattice Theory To The Heats Of Mixing Of Some Alcohol-Hydrocarbon Systems, Mar Lynn James

Theses and Dissertations

Values for the heats of mixing were obtained calorimetrically for the systems C2H5OH-C6H12, CH3OH-C6H6 and C2H5OH-C6H6 at 25° over the complete range of composition. Analytical equations which summarize these values are: Benzene (1) - Methanol (2) System ΔHxM = x1x2[628.4 + 365.7(x1-x2) + 521.9(x1-x2)3 + 819.8(x1-x2)4 ] Benzene (1) - Ethanol (2) System ΔHxM = x1x2[748.8 + 534.1(x1-x2) + 265.7(x1-x2)2 + 408.7(x1-x2)3 + 434.1(x1-x2)4 ] Cyclohexane (1) - Ethanol (2) System ΔHxM = x1x2[615.0 + 132.4(x1-x2) + 195.9(x1-x2)2 + 251.5(x1-x2)3 + 521.7(x1-x2)4 ] where xi is the mole fraction of component i. The experimental data were satisfactorily interpreted by a …

3rd Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference Abstracts Of Papers

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Abstracts of papers presented at the 3rd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 8-9, 1960.

3rd Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference Program

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program from the 3rd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 8-9, 1960.

A Study Of The Curcumin Method For Boron Determination, James Edward Hardcastle

Master's Theses

The purpose of the research project, of which this thesis is a partial report, was two fold: first, to develop a method for determining small quantities of boron, and second, to develop a rapid field test for the determination of atmospheric boron. A literature survey revealed that the curcumin method is the most sensitive colorimetric method presently available for boron determination. Also, the curcumin paper test should be readily adapted to the determination of atmospheric boron.

An Investigation Of Solvent Extraction Techniques In The Determination Of Formation Constants Of Complex Species In Aqueous Silver Chloride Solution, David Martin Bodily

Theses and Dissertations

Solvent extraction techniques have been used to determine formation constants for molecular silver chloride and dichloro silver (I) ion in unsaturated aqueous solutions. Nitrobenzene was used to extract the molecular silver chloride from the aqueous silver chloride solution. The total concentration of silver in each phase was determined by radioassay techniques and related by an expression involving the equilibrium constants. The reciprocal of the distribution ratio times the activity of the chloride ion was plotted versus the activity of the chloride ion and portions of the curve were analyzed by the method of least squares to obtain values for the …

The Dilute Solution Chemistry Of Antimony, Kent H. Jones

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Investigation of the chemistry of the elements by conventional methods is generally limited to concentrations on the order of 10^-5 M or higher. The discovery of radio-activity opened new fields in chemistry among which is the obtaining of information concerning chemical behavior of elements at very low concentrations. For many years after the initial discovery of radioactivity in 1896 by Becquerel, the study of low-concentration chemistry was limited to about ten naturally occurring radioactive elements. A renewed interest in this field was generated after 1934 when it was discovered by Curie and Joliot that radioactive elements could be artificially …

Potentiometric Titrations Of Metal Ions With Edta, Donald Theodore Carlson

Honors Theses

Ethylenediaminetetracetic acid, known commonly as EDTA and commercially as Versene, Trilon B, Sequestrene, and Complexone II, III, and IV; was first produced in 1936 by the I.G. Farbenindustrie. EDTA reacts chemically as a ligand. That is, it forms a complex by occupying two or more coordination prositions of the atom it reacts with. The resulting complex is called a chelate, which stems from the Greek word for clas. EDTA acts as a sequestering agent by forming stable, water-soluble chelates with metal ions.

The Determination Of The Cross-Sectional Area Of A Stearic Acid Molecule, Michael Stacey Dryer

Honors Theses

The fundamental relationship determining the area per molecule is: A = SM/ (g/c x v x N) A = area per molecule. S = area occupied by the monolayer. M = molecular weight. g = grams of stearic acid in volume c. c = volume of solution. v = aliquot of c delivered to the surface. N = Avogadro’s Number. Each of the terms in the above equation will be discussed in detail below.

Further Studies On Zirconia Gels, James Emmons Anderson

Honors Theses

When solutions of zirconium oxychloride and sodium acetate are mixed at room temperature (25°c.), a grey-white hydrogel of zirconia is formed. This gel structure gradually weakens on standing, and finally becomes a water-clear sol. Heating this sol to 6o°c. will form a similar gel, stable at this temperature, which will reliquefy on cooling to 25°c. The gelation-reliquefaction cycle can apparently be carried out indefinitely. Such behavior is in direct contrast to normal gelation. The so-called “irreversible gels”, such as those of silicic acid, show stability at all temperatures; while other “reversible gels”, such as common gelatin, set at lower temperatures …

Liquid-Vapor Equilibria In The System: Isopropyl Alcohol-Dibromomethane, John Henry Nickles

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research project was to determine more closely the liquid vapor equilibrium curve and the boiling point and composition of the azeotrope formed in the system isopropyl alcohol - dibromomethane. This system is reported in Horsley's book from Lecat as forming an azeotrope at a bioling point less than 81.0 degrees Celsius. Both components have boiling points of less than 100 degrees Celsius and their refractive indices are well separated, thus making investigation with fairly simple, but accurate apparatus possible.

The Alkylation Of Phenol, William Raymond Stine

Honors Theses

Attention was focused on the formation of the various isomers of butyl phenol.

Investigations For A Rapid Qualitative Method For The Detection Of Organic Herbicides, Robert Albert Jung

Honors Theses

The present study is undertaken in an attempt to find a rapid qualitative or semi-quantitative method for the detection of organic herbicides in water.

Part A: Studies Of Organic Solvent Enhancements In Flame Photometry; Part B: Studies Of The Extraction And Flame Emission Of Magnesium, Jack Hudgens Knox

Doctoral Dissertations

Summary

The present investigation has been concerned with the study of several parameters which influence the flame photometric emission of elements in an effort to elucidate the nature of the intensifications observed with organic solvents. Parameters such as flames temperature, OH band intensity, ionization, sample flow rate, and the emission intensities of different elements in different solvents have been studied.

Voltammetry With A Mercury Pool Cathode, David Peter Stricos

Honors Theses

Voltarnmetry with a mercury pool cathode has been examined using both slow and rapid scanning techniques. A conventional polarograph was used to interpret the slow scans, and a cathode ray polarograph for the rapid scans. A description of the necessary apparatus is given as well as the experimental details involved.

Three different supporting media were studied: 0.01 molar potassium nitrate, 0.1 molar potassium acid phthalate, and 0.1 molar ammonia-0.1 molar ammonium chloride. Well defined peaks were observed for lead, cadmium, and zinc in potassium nitrate. Indium also gave a peak, but it was not characteristic of a three-electron reduction. Furthermore, …

Interaction Of Riboflavin With Molybdenum, Jacques Tocatlian

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Molybdenum may function as a catalyst in promoting and controlling some of the complex chemical reactions that go on in living systems. The lack of understanding which exists about these reactions is due to their obvious complexity and to the extremely minute quantities of molybdenum involved. Traces of molybdenum have been shown to have spectacular results on the growth of plants when added to certain soils. This metal is also required for the growth of azobacter, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria (1).

Molybdenum has been shown to be present in four enzymes: nitrate reductase (2), hydrogenase (3), xanthine oxidase (4) and aldehyde …

A Study Of The Variables Affecting The Addition Of Nitrosyl Chloride To Alpha Methyl Styrene, Mary Jane Buchek

Bachelors’ Theses

While working with two compounds, one of which was an olefin, and the other which was Nitrosyl Chloride, Dr. N. Hoffman noticed that although a normal reaction appeared to be taking place, two relatively unusual products were obtained.

As the problem was suggested to me at this point, a literature search was started, first of all, to find out the specific mechanism governing the addition of Nitrosyl Chloride to olefins; secondly, to find out if anyone who had done any type of work at all with Nitrosyl Chloride had obtained the same unusual results as were obtained here; and finally, …

An Investigation Of The Formation Constant Of Molecular Silver Chloride Using Ion Exchange Techniques.|Nii.|Pan Investigation Of The Rate Of Precipitation Of Silver Sulfide By Thioacetamide, James W. Pyper

Theses and Dissertations

The first part of this work reports on the investigation of the formation constant of molecular silver chloride using ion exchange techniques. In order to determine the formation constant, it was necessary to develop a method of rinsing the sorbed molecular silver chloride from the resin. It was found that desorption with nitrobenzene would remove the sorbed molecular species. However, the formation constant was not calculated since the nitrobenzene used contained hydrogen ion and chloride ion which removed silver ion as well as the molecular species. In the study of the formation of silver sulfide by the reaction between the …

Metal-Metal Ion Exchange Of Mercury And Some Amalgams, Richard Charles Legendre

Doctoral Dissertations

Proposed Problem

The objective of this research was to investigate the behavior of metal ions in aqueous solution in their exchange with atoms of the same metal, but where the metallic phase would be in the liquid state.

Research along these lines but involving solid metallic phases has demonstrated that the exchangeability of an ion with a solid metal probably depends on the ability of the metal to re-form its surfaces when in contact with these solutions. A preceding section has reported on the sensitivity of exchange to any of the various processes that can affect the nature of the …

Determination Of Arsenic In Fish By Neutron Activation Analysis, William Walter Ullmann

Honors Theses

The use of arsenicals to control aquatic vegetation has become widespread. A study was conducted to determine possible uptake of arsenic by fish in treated waters. Present methods for the analysis of arsenic (1,2) are reliable when applied to water and bottom samples which contain relatively small concentrations of organic matter. In the presence of larger concentrations, arsenic is lost during digestion. Recoveries of from 40-60 per cent were obtained when the method for the analysis of arsenic in food (2) was applied to fish flesh.

A Study Of The Kinetics Of The Oxidation Of Uranium(Iv) By Cerium(Iv), Floyd Beatty Baker

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The kinetics of a number of oxidation-reduction reactions and exchange reactions involving cations of the transition and inner transition elements have been extensively reviewed by T. W. Newton and S. W. Rabideau. These workers represent the formation of the activated complex by an equation which includes only the principal species in solution as reactants.