Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Various Regular And Irregular Precipitate Structures In Gelatin Gels, Martin Stanley Ferguson

Honors Theses

In the field of Colloid Chemistry, precipitate structures in gels have been studied for quite sometime. The formation of a rhythmic band configuration known as Liesegang rings, when an insoluble salt is formed by the gradual diffusion of one ion into a gel containing the other ion has become a common phenomenon. At the outset of this research project, the primary intent was to continue the work of R. DeSieno into a somewhat different regular structure obtained by ionic diffusion in the presence of mercury vapor. This phenomenon to be studied involves the formation and nature of radial lines produced …

Addition Of Tricholorsilane To Isocyanate Radical, Robert Hugh Maliner

Honors Theses

The purpose of this investigation is to synthesize an organo-silicon compound.

A Study Of Applications Of The Heat Of Reaction To Analytical Determinations, David Lawrence Thurber

Honors Theses

The purpose of the paper is to summarize the major problems of designing apparatus, and to discuss solutions for some of these, and suggest solutions for others. An attempt has been made to extend the versatility of the method in regard to the technique of titration, the idea being that coulemetric delivery as well as volumetric delivery of reagents might be used.

An Attempt To Improve Certain Physical And Chemical Properties Of Concrete Through The Use Of Various Organic Polymers, Robert Lehrer

Honors Theses

Through the incorporation of various organic polymeric substances into several kinds of concrete mixes, we have attempted to produce a mixture which offered more than the usual resistance to corrosion by water and acid.

A Study Of Isotopic Exchange Between Potassium Iodide And Benzyl Iodide. Solvent Effects, Joseph A. Leary

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The kinetics of the isotopic exchange reaction between potassium iodide and benzyl iodide in alcoholic solution has been studied thoroughly by Stillson. It was reported that the reaction was much faster in ethanol-acetone mixtures than in absolute ethanol. However, it was not possible to determine whether this was due to acceleration of the reaction by acetone, or to inhibition by ethanol.

The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate further the effect of various solvents on the same exchange reaction. The isotopic exchange reaction between potassium iodide and p-nitrobenzyl iodide was also studied, because it had been investigated in alcoholic …

Calorimetric Heats Of Mixing Of Some Nonelectrolytic Binary And Ternary Solutions, James Bevan Ott

Theses and Dissertations

The heat of mixing of nonelectrolytic liquids is important in predicting the type of molecular interactions which exist in solutions of nonelectrolyted. The problem was to construct a calorimeter in which these heats of mixing could be measured accurately. Once constructed, the calorimeter was used to measure the heats of mixing of some binary and a ternary solutions. The systems chosen for study were the three liquid pairs formed between benzane, carbon tetrachloride, and cyclohexane, and the ternary mixture of the three. The results of the experimentation are summarized by the following equations. (1) H_12^M = X_1x_2 [103.2 + 13.1(x_1 …

Vinyl Polymers Containing Acidic Ingredients, Courtland L. Agre

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Use Of Radioisotopes In The Study Of Surface Phenomena In Detergency Operations. Iii. Study Of Surface Memory For Spot Formation, W. W. Benton, A. T. Martin, C. H. Shiflett, J. L. Wilson

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Development Of A General Education College Chemistry Course, Luther Arnold

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Number 1 - May 1956

The Entropy

The Entropy (also published as the Providence College Journal of Physics and Chemistry) was an undergraduate scholarship journal published by the Phi Chi Club of Providence College. (Volume 2, Number 1 - May 1956 - 16 pages in total.)

The Thermodynamics And Some Practical Aspects Of Zinc Adsorption On Calcite, Dolomite, And Calcian-Magnesite Minerals, Jerome J. Jurinak

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Zinc is one of the essential elements required for the normal growth of plants. The total amount of zinc commonly occurring in soils is usually many times greater than that necessary to supply the needs of actively growing plants. The ability of the soil to "fix" zinc in form unavailable for plant use, however, has made the zinc deficiency disease an important plant nutrition problem in the major fruit and nut growing regions of the West. Fixation mechanisms which have been postulated as contributing to zinc deficiency include organic complexes, precipitation of insoluble inorganic salts, and strong zinc-clay intersections. It …

Coprecipitation Of The Transuranium Elements With The Rare Earths Coprecipitation Of Americium With Lanthanum Oxalate, John A. Hermann

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Coprecipitation is a process whereby a substance soluble by itself is "carried" with an insoluble crystalline precipitate. As used here, coprecipitation applies to the "carrying" of a tracer by a precipitate formed in the presence of the tracer. The phenomenon is important in analytical chemistry¹, in the problem of impurities in precipitates; in radiochemistry^2,3, in the separation of radioactive tracers originally present in very low concentrations; and in general, whenever a solid is separated from its mother liquid by precipitation.

Chelation Of The Transition Metal Ions With A Series Of Polyhodrozyamine Compounds, William Percy Moore

Master's Theses

Chelation was reviewed with emphasis on the work done by contemporary workers.

The following polyhydroxyamine compounds were synthesized, purified and· analyzed:

1,2-bis[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]ethane dihydrochloride

1,3-b1s[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]propane dihydrochloride

1,3-b1s[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]-2-propanone dihydrochloride

1,2,3-tris[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino)propane tri­ hydrochloride

The latter two compounds have not been reported in the literature.

Chelates were prepared by reacting the above compounds, and 1-3bis[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]-2-propanol dihydrochloride ("disec") and the "disec" free base, with the ions of the first transition metals. Stability cons­tants were obtained where appreciable coordination occurred before precipitation of the metallic ion took place . A list of the metal ions studied with one or more chelating agents follows: Cu⁺², …

New Methods For The Study Of Fast Electrode Reactions., Talivaldis Berzins

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

Tannin Content Of English Walnuts : Thesis ..., Joseph G. Natoli

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Present methods for the production of leather from animal hides still depend from the most part on the use of natural tannin extracts. During the year, 1952, the amount of natural tannin extracts used by the leather industry was 560,452,119 pounds as compared to 35,793,000 pounds of synthetic tanning materials. It is not as yet possible to produce synthetic materials as economically as the natural extracts; the result being that there is still a very great demand for natural tannin extracts. The need for finding new domestic sources of tannins is apparent when the amounts of domestic and imported extracts …

The Effects Of Structural Changes On The Formation Of Urea Adducts Of Esters, Gerard Vinton Smith

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

An unexpected discovery in 1940 revealed that urea has the peculiar property to form crystalline adducts with many straight chain organic compounds. Since the discovery, considerable time and money have been spent on the elucidation of this phenomenon, and the field of urea adducts has now advanced to the stage at which many empirical rules have been observed but, unfortunately, no sound theory has been formulated.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect, if any, of changes in structure upon the amount of urea required to adduct with esters. The change in structure consisted of changing the …

Waxes From Peat Soils Of San Joaquin Delta, Masao Ueda

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Wax has been extracted from pest formations in Europe and especially in Britain. However, little or no work have been done in the United States.

The increased demand for waxes and the limited supply of domestic origin has made the study of the sources and characteristics of domestic waxes desirable. Extensive work have been done with montan wax, which is similar to peat wax, in the United States.

The object of this research is to establish a suitable process for extraction of wax from pest material, and to determine the chemical and physical nature of the wax. The process may …

The Effect Of Ph On Phase Reversals Of Protein-Stabilized Emulsions, Samuel Arthur Bradford

Masters Theses

"The phase reversal of an emulsion from a system in which oil droplets are dispersed in a water medium to a system in which water droplets are dispersed in oil is dependent upon the interfacial characteristics of the liquids and the emulsifying agent being used, as well as the volume ratio of the two liquid phases. A preliminary investigation at this institution has indicated a possible relationship between phase reversal and the isoelectric point of gelatin used as the emulsifying agent. Since the properties of proteins vary so greatly with the hydrogen ion concentration, particularly near their isoelectric points, research …

The Effect Of Metallic Naphthenates On The Oxidation Of Linoleic Acid, David Elliott Troutner

Masters Theses

"It has been known for many years that certain metallic soaps catalyse the drying of oils. A great deal of information is available concerning the use of these soaps, but there is little knowledge of the actual manner in which the soaps catalyse drying. As the drying is known to be an autoxidation reaction, it is generally believed that the soaps must affect the oxidation of the oil in some way. The work described in this thesis was undertaken to gain some knowledge of the mechanism of the catalysis, and to correlate the effect of the soaps on the drying …

The Synthesis Of 1-Methyl-3,4-Benzpyrene, 8-Methyl-3,4-Benzpyrene And 1,8-Dimethyl-3,4-Benzpyrene, William Carter Doyle

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The search for the carcinogenic factor present in crude oil tar fractions was begun around 1915. With the observation that the high-boiling, most carcinogenic fractions exhibited fluorescence spectra similar to those of many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, several synthetic hydrocarbons were tested (1) on mice by skin painting techniques. Tumors were produced by 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene (I), 3'-methyl-1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene (II) and 6-isopropyl-1,2-benzanthracene (III). One of the most widely used synthetic hydrocarbon carcinogens at the present is 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene.

Preparation Of Several Lactams And Correlation Of Their Structure With Their Infrared Spectra, Kenneth Curtiss Heckeler

Honors Theses

Simple amides are neutral compounds with infrared absorptions characterized by a strong carbonyl absorption. N-H absorptions, and other less significant and unassigned absorptions. Lack of basic nature of amides has been attributed to strong resonance of the unshared pair of electrons on nitrogen with the C=O double bond. This stabilized the molecule to an extent not possible when the electron pair on nitrogen is protonated, since resonance stabilization of such an ammonium structure is no longer possible.

Acidic Properties Of Clay Minerals And Alumina, Kenneth H. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Acidic properties of dialyzed alumina and representative clay minerals were studied by performing titrations with various bases. For the first group of experiments the titrations were made in a water system using KOH and NaOH. For this study in a water system the experimental data includes individual cationic activities as well as pH values. Adsorption of the cations was adequately described over a pH range of 5-11 by the equation 1-θ/θ ⋅ aNa+ ⋅ aOH- = 1/K'3 [aOH- + KW/K'2 + 1/K'1], in which θ represents the fraction of the total sites that have reacted. Thermodynamic constants K'3 and K0= …

Some Aspects Of The Chemistry Of The Hydroquinoxalines Unsubstituted On The Nitrogen Atoms, Evan L. Allred

Theses and Dissertations

A search of the literature revealed that almost nothing is known concerning the class of compounds known as decahydroquinoxalines. Since this posed a problem involving a search for a systematic synthetic method of general application as well as a method for establishing the characteristic class and individual properties, a research project under the guidance of Dr. H. Smith Broadbent was initiated. Of particular interest aside from matters of purely chemical interest was the recognition that the hydroquinoxalines possess obvious structural similarities with atropine and other well-known drugs which have valuable application as hypotensive agents, analgesics, spasmolytic agents, parasympathetic depressants, antihistaminics, …

The Effect Of Ferrous And Ferric Ions On The Conversion Of Malate To Pyruvate By A Cell Free Extract Of Pigeon Liver, Keith Erwin Richardson

Theses and Dissertations

Recent investigations on the crude pigeon liver extracts have shown the presence of an enzyme which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of malate to pyruvate and carbon dioxide. The name malic enzyme has been given to this enzyme to distinguish it from malic dehydrogenase. Under aerobic conditions the addition of ferrous sulfate resulted in inhibition of the action of malic enzyme. Subsequent investigation showed that the inhibition obaerved was not due to ferrous ions, but due to ferric ions which were contaminating the ferrous sulfate. It was also shown that under aerobic conditions ferrous ions were rapidly oxidized to ferric ions. …

A Study Of The Chelation Of 1,3-Bis-(Tris-(Hydroxymethyl)-Methylamino)-2-Propanol Dihydrochloride With Copper (Ii), Nickel (Ii), Cobalt (Ii), Velta Erdmanis

Master's Theses

In this study 1,3-bis-(tris-(hydroxymethyl)-methyl­ amino)-2-prapanol dihydrochloride chelates with calcium, manganous, cobaltous, nickelous, cupric and zinc ions were investigated.

Potentiometric titrations were performed to obtain information about the stability of the chelates formed. Calcium and manganous ions showed little chelating ability. Cobaltous, nickelous, cupric and zinc ions formed stable chelates when the ratio of the chelating agent Concentration to the metal ion concentration was 1:1 or larger.

Job 's method of continuous variations was used for determining the composition of the cupric, nickelous and cobaltous chelates and it was found that these metal ions form a 1:1 chelate with l,3-bis-(tris-(hydroxymethyl)­ methyl …

A Study Of The Chelation Of 1,3-Bis (Tris (Hydroxymethyl) Methylamino) 2-Propanol With Iron (Iii), Jane Bell Grinnan Gladding

Master's Theses

The element Iron is so important that a major era of history bore its name. Its magnetic and metallic properties have long been studied and used. It is also well known that iron. is the cental element in the oxygen-carrying compound hemo­ globin and therefore essential to life. Its biological importance is also evidenced by its presence in the cytochrome oxidases . These important biochemical compounds are iron chelates

Fundamental research with iron chelates may therefore shed light on the operations of certain enzyme systems, drugs and poisons. Analytical chemistry and the dye industry have used chelate compounds for many …

Colorimetric Determination Of Rhenium In Ores, Clair Winston Rogers

Theses and Dissertations

The problem of colorimetrically determining rhenium in the presence of molybdenum, copper, iron, sulphur, and rare earth elements with the use of dimethylglyoxime as the complexing compound was accomplished by the method reported here-in. The interfering elements were eliminated either as gaseous oxides and sulfides or were precipitated from a highly basic solution by means of a strong alkaline fusion of equal weights of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxide, and the ore sample containing rhenium. The fusion product was dissolved in water, the solution boiled with a slight excess of sodium peroxide, and the hydroxide of all the interfering ions …

The Hofmann Degradation Of Oxamide And Urea, Carmen Michael Cusano

Honors Theses

An amide may be degraded to an amine using the Hofmann reaction. The theoretical product of the Hofmann reaction of oxamide is hydrazine. The objective of this project was the production of hydrazine from oxamide. Since hydrazine could not be obtained from oxamide, an extensive study was made of the production of hydrazine from urea. It was hoped that the background gained in the study of the urea reaction could be applied to the original problem, i.e. the formation of hydrazine from oxamide. However, even with this background, no hydrazine was obtained from oxamide.

Radially Banded Precipitates In Gels, Robert Patrick De Sieno

Honors Theses

The formation of a rhythmic band structure known as Liesegang rings, when silver ions diffuse into gelatin containing chromate ions is a well-known phenomenon. The object of this research project is to make a detailed study of another diffusion phenomenon obtained in the presence of mercury vapor. The emphasis of this thesis is on the quantitative aspect. The author has been concerned with the cause and composition of radial lines produced when silver ions diffuse through chromated gelatin in the presence of mercury vapor. A number of variables related to this project, such as length of reaction time, concentration and …

Electrodeposition And Cathode Potential, Roland Francis Dapo

Honors Theses

The objective of electrodeposition and control of cathode potential is the qualitative and quantitative separation of metals from their solutions. It involves the problem: (1) measuring the cathode potential in relation to the solution in order selectively to plate any metal; (2) means of treating the solution to prevent the plating of more than one metal at any particular cathode potential. The present research involved the curve of cathode potential versus copper concentration, the designing and constructing of electronic units for automatic control, and the determination of voltage error in passing current through the saturated calomel electrode.