Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A New Electronic Coulometer For Electroanalytical Chemistry, Jack Donald Merry

Honors Theses

The failure of electroanalytical chemistry to apply extensively the principles of Faraday's laws, has been due primarily to the lack of a direct reading coulometer. The author has investigated several methods of current integration and has concluded that a direct current amplifier with a feedback capacitor shows best promise as a coulometer.

Controlled Cathode Electrodeposition, Walter Adolf Stock

Honors Theses

The purpose of this project was to gather data on electrodeposition with controlled potential, and furthermore, to establish a suitable punched-card system for the recording of such data. In the course of this project, it was discovered that the latter took precedence over the former, since it was deemed more vital to have a good punched-card system with fewer data than more data rendered difficult to refer to because of an inefficient system.

Alkylation Of Phenol, Donald Harry Paskovich

Honors Theses

The object of this research is to relate the structure of products obtained from alkylation of phenol and the rearrangement of alkyl phenol ether to that of known compounds. Means of comparison are the preparation of derivatives and infrared analysis. By so doing, it may be possible to advance facts that can be used in the determination of a mecanism of reaction.

Synthesis Of Β-Methylene Piperidine And Reactions Of Its Derivatives, Robert Peter Yunick

Honors Theses

This research is directly aimed at synthesis of tertiary amines which might be used in bringing about this optical resolution by means of two principles: (1) enclose the tri-valent nitrogen atom in a stable ring structure, and (2) bring about stabilization of the third nitrogen substituent by means of hydrogen bonding forces of this substituent by means of hydrogen bonding forces of this substituent with some function on the nitrogen containing ring.

A Calorimetric Investigation Of Zirconium, Titanium, And Zirconium Alloys From 60 To 960°C, James L. Scott

Masters Theses

Structural materials for nuclear reactors must meet three stringent conditions: they must have adequate mechanical properties at the operating temperature, they must be corrosion resistant to the heat transfer medium (air, water, or alkali metals), and they must not absorb neutrons excessively. This last requirement is a particularly stringent one, for it is met by only four accessible metals: aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, and zirconium, as Table I shows.

For reactors which operate at low temperatures, aluminum serves as an excellent constructional material, but it cannot be used for more efficient high-temperature reactors, because of its low elevated temperature strength associated …

A Study Of The Density And Molecular Species Of Polonium And Tellurium Vapor, Angelo L. Giorgi

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the nature of the species of polonium and tellurium in equilibrium in the vapor phase at temperatures ranging from 422 degrees to 1013 degrees C. for polonium and from 512 degrees to 880 degrees C. for tellurium. Such information was based on measurements of the variation of vapor pressure and vapor density with temperature. The results of this investigation suggest that both polonium and tellurium exist as diatomic molecules in the vapor phase over the aforementioned temperature ranges.

Studies Of The Chemistry Of Systems Involving Water, Hydrogen Peroxide And Plutonium (Iv) Nitrate In Tri-N-Butyl Phosphate, Lawrence J. Mullins Jr.

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The reaction of tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), with water and hydrogen peroxide is studied by means of distribution experiments. The solubility of water in TBP-hexane, at low TBP concentrations, is consistent with the premise that H₂O•TBP is the principal solvate species formed at low hydrogen peroxide concentrations. The distribution data at high hydrogen peroxide concentrations indicate that another species such as H₂O₂•TBP is also present.

A Radiochemical Investigation Of Short-Lived Selenium And Bromine Fission Products, James Edward Sattizahn Jr

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

From a sample of uranium bombarded with neutrons, Hahn and Strassmann, in 1939, separated four radioactive products which followed alkaline earth chemistry and were therefore tentatively attributed to isotope of radium. Each of these products decayed to a daughter activity which could be precipitated along with lanthanum; the daughter activities were then assumed to be isotopes of actinium. Subsequently, by accepted methods of fractional crystallization and precipitation, the "radium" and "actinium" isotopes were identified unequivocally as isotopes of barium and lanthanum, respectively. Within a relatively short time there were found more such radioactive products, which were identified as isotopes of …

Behavior Of Indium At Tracer Concentrations, Katheryn L. Lawson

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The increase in number and availability of radioisotopes that can be produced in the carrier-free state has offered practical means of investigating the chemical behavior of substances at extremely low concentrations. The working region of concentrations, which may extend to less than 10^-14 molar, is generally fixed only by the half-life of the radio-element and the nature of the radiation.

Volume 3, Number 1 - May 1957

The Entropy

The Entropy (also published as the Providence College Journal of Physics and Chemistry) was an undergraduate scholarship journal published by the Phi Chi Club of Providence College. (Volume 3, Number 1 - May 1957 - 19 pages in total.)

The Dehydrocyclization Of Normal Heptane To Toluene With Supported Rhenium, Platinum And Molybdenum Catalysts, Robert R. Beishline

Theses and Dissertations

The dehydrocyclization activity of supported platinum, molybdenum and rhenium catalysts was studied by determining the toluene yield from n-heptane as a function of temperature and metal concentration in the catalyst. The support was 100 to 200 mesh alumina. Metal concentrations of 0.01% to 1.0% platinum, 0.1% to 2.0% molybdenum and 0.1% to 2.5% rhenium were studied in the temperature range from 500° to 600° C. Platinum was shown to be superior to both molybdenum and rhenium at all temperatures and metal concentrations investigated. The rhenium data were somewhat erratic, but showed rhenium to be a poor dehydrocyclization catalyst. The apparatus, …

The Exchange Of Chlorine Between Hydrogen Chloride And Acetyl Chloride In The Vapor Phase, Warren J. Niell

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The aim of chemical kinetics is to predict the rates of chemical reactions, to determine the factors influencing the reaction rate, and to postulate a suitable reaction mechanism.

The Chemical Effects Of Gamma Radiation On Halogenated Methanes, Clifford G. Shultz

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

At its inception, the present work was to consist of testing a number of halogenated organic compounds for sensitivity to radiation. Some of the compounds which showed a relatively high sensitivity to radiation were to be investigated more thoroughly with a view toward a) the development of a sensitive radiation detection device and b) elucidation of the reactions involved in the radiolytic decomposition of the compounds. Some screening had already been done and several systems involving chloroform, bromoform and carbon tetrachloride had been investigated and their results reported. The experiments on the chloroform- and bromoform- crystal violet systems showed a …

The Synthesis And Proof Of Structure Of 2, 4-Dimethyl-6-Hydroxynicotinamide, R. E. Buckles, A. Langsjoen, L. Mueller, I. Svendsen

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Vinyl Polymers Containing Acrylic Acid-1-C, Courtland L. Agre

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Use Of P In Preparing Radioautographs, R. B. Hastings, James Dimond

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Transference Numbers Of Concentrated Manganous Chloride Solutions, Marshall L. Severson

Masters Theses

"Electrolytic conduction differs from metallic conduction only in the nature of the carrier of the current. In the case of metallic conduction the carrier is electrons. The passage of an electric current through an electrolyte occurs only by the movement of ions of opposite charge moving in opposite directions under an applied potential. The current carried by a particular ionic species is a direct function of the concentration, the charge on the ion, and the ionic mobility. A transference number is the fraction of the total current a given ion carries in a particular electrolyte undergoing electrolysis. The sum of …

A 120 Megacycle Self-Contained High-Frequency Titrimeter, John Kyle Clinkscales Jr.

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The analytical chemist is ever eager to improve and expedite present analytical methods.. In the past ten years considerable interest .has been elicited in the field of high frequency oscillators and their application to analytical chemistry. One of the main reasons for this interest is the uniqueness of the apparatus. No direct contact is made between the measuring instrument and the solution. Credit tor this interest must be given primarily to Jensen and Parrack of Texas A & M University. Their article in 1946 described a simple tuned plate-tuned grid electronic oscillator, operating in the high frequency range. A solution …

The Urea Adducts Of The Constituents Of California Montan Wax, Alan Howard Vanderbilt

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Interest in the chemical constitution of montan wax began with the work of Von Boyen, who in 1901 showed montanic acid to be a constituent of the wax. In the years that followed the literature has been rich with respect to investigations of montan wax. Most of the literature concerns itself with the technology of the wax, its uses, methods of refining and purification. Much has also been written on its chemical make-up.

It was the purpose of this research to explore the possibility of forming urea adducts of the normal components of montan wax, and to investigate the properties …

Preparation Of Thiochalcone From Thioacetophenone, Thomas Joseph Reilly

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This thesis covers the practical research done on the condensation of thioacetophenone with benzaldehyde and the library research covers the chemistry of thioketones and the thioflavanones. Most of the thioketones have been made by dissolving a ketone in ethanol, usually absolute although 95 percent was also used, saturating the solution with anhydrous hydrogen chloride at ice temperature, then admitting hydrogen sulfide for several hours. This method was first used by Fromm and Baumann when they made thioacetophenone from acetophenone. David Shirley also gives theis process in his book “Preparation of Organic Intermediates” published by Wiley and Sons in New York. …

Thermal Reaction Of Hydrogen And Oxygen In Small Bore Tubes, Shib Charan Chattoraj

Theses and Dissertations

The thermal reaction of hydrogen and oxygen has been investigated from the standpoint of the important intermediate hydrogen peroxide in the region between 620-720 degrees centigrade in small bore Pyrex and steel tubes. The minimum explosion-temperatures with different flow rates and compositions of the mixture have been determined. They have been found to vary with the composition and flow rate of the mixture. The minimum explosion temperature is also found to vary with the condition of the reaction tube surface. The yield of hydrogen peroxide has been determined as a function of temperature, contact time, composition of feed stream, and …

The Synthesis Of 7-Methyl-3,4-Benzpyrene, 6,7-Dimethyl-3,4-Benzpyrene, 10-Methyl-3,4-Benzpyrene And 7,10-Dimethyl-3,4-Benzpyrene, Joseph Leonard Comp Jr.

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Interest in carcinogenic compounds began to develop when a form of cancer was found occurring in chimney sweeps in 1775. Skin cancer was found among workers in tar industries in 1875, and in 1887 workers in cotton spinning industries were known to have cancer which was attributed to contact with lubricating oils. Girls who painted the luminous dials of watches contracted cancer from exposure to the radioactive paint, and men who worked with B-naphthylamine developed bladder cancer. Many other cases of occupational cancer were reported before a systematic study of carcinogenic substances was begun. Early attempts to produce cancer in …

A Study Of The Catalytic Hydrogenation Of Methoxybenzenes Over Platinum And Rhodium Catalysts, Robert Gene Thompson

Doctoral Dissertations

[From the Summary]

The catalytic hydrogenation of methoxybenzenes and other aromatic methoxyl compounds has been studied. Hydrogenation of the aromatic ring was usually accompanied by some cleavage of the methoxyl groups. This cleavage occurred predominately upon the carbon-oxygen bond adjacent to the aromatic ring. The cleavage reaction was found to occur only as a part of the aromatic hydrogenation process. The amount of cleavage was found to be dependent upon the catalyst used. Platinum led to extensive methoxyl cleavage while rhodium catalyzed ring saturation with little cleavage. Also found to influence the extent of cleavage were reaction temperature …

The Instability Constant Of The Cobaltous Citrate Complex Ion Using Cobalt-⁶⁰ As A Tracer, Lee T. Cox

Theses and Dissertations

The instability constant of a substance shows the tendency of a substance to dissociate into simple ions. The stability of the substance can be related to stabilities of other substances through the instability constant. Schubert gives a method for the determination of the instability constant which involves measurements of the adsorption of a radiotracer cation on a cation exchange resin. Two different types of resin were employed in this research. It was found that with a resin containing carboxylic acid exchange groups the adsorption of the cobaltous ion changed rapidly with pH but with a resin containing nuclear sulfonic acid …

The Dipole Moments Of A Series Of N, N-Diphenylbenzamides, James William Cooke

Master's Theses

In recent years amides have been used in synthetic fibers, plastics and in medicinal chemistry. Under­ standably, the literature contains many preparations and reactions of unsubstituted, monosubstituted and disubstituted amides, however, their structure has received very little attention. The information avail­ able on the amide group structure originates from studies made on the unsubstituted and mono substituted compounds. The phenomenon of association of the amides has received considerable attention.

Amperometric Titrations Using A Rotating Platinum-Wire Electrode, James E. Buckley

Bachelors’ Theses

This thesis is an outgrowth of a desire to do precise analytical work with the use of an instrument that would be simple to operate and yet give reproducible results. It is based largely on a method of precipitation titration in those solutions where an internal indicator could not be used feasible because the concentration of the desirable ion was either to low, or the solution too turbid.

My choice of using the platinum microelectrode in these titrations was based on the fact that this electrode could be easily assembled, and take little effort to maintain. It also is advantageous …

A Correlation Of The Catalytic Activity Of Various Mixtures Of Rhenium And Molybdenum Sulfides In Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation Of Certain Reducible Organic Groups, Li-Chen Hsu

Theses and Dissertations

The promoter action of mixtures of catalysts has been reported in literature to be valuable in industries. Whether mixtures of rhenium and molybdenum sulfides would have promoter actions in the hydrogenations of certain reducible organic groups was the main object of this research. Mixtures of rhenium and molybdenum sulfides of various compositions were prepared by three different methods, i.e., (a) by saturating perrhenate and molybdate with hydrogen sulfide in hydrochloric acid solutions, (b) in ammonium hydroxide solutions followed by acidification, and (c) by treating perrhenate and molybdate with thiosulfate in dilute sulfuric acids followed by extraction with toluene to remove …

Tetrazolium Salts, Andrew Garnett Richardson

Master's Theses

Tetrazolium salts, as the name indicates, are quartenary. Substitution is possible on positions 2, 3, and 5 of the ring as is shown in type formula (I). When these substituent groups are bifunctional ditetrazolium salts of types (II), (III), and (IV) result. Compounds bridged at both R' and R'' at the same time are theoretical possible, but no such cases have been reported, probably on account of the practical limitations of synthesis. The anion, which is indicated by X, may be halide, sulfate, acetate, picrate, succinate, thiocyanate, or practically any atom or group capable of existing as a negative ion.

A New Apparatus For Paper Electrophoresis, Robert John Hodges

Honors Theses

In paper electrophoresis, taking the idealized case, a charged particle, i.e. a particle which has an excess or deficiency of electrons, resulting in a net electrostatic charge is placed on a strip of moistened filter paper. The moistening is usually done by a buffer solution which serves two purposes: 1. It provides a liquid phase within the structure of the paper through which the particle can travel. 2. It keeps a constant pH throughout the run. After experimenting with several types of apparatus the author decided that a new type of apparatus was needed and could be designed which would …

The Study Of Kojic Acid As A Chelating Agent For Cadium Analysis, Norman Elliot Conger

Honors Theses

The absorption spectra of kojic acid and of cadmium kojate in various solvents have been obtained. From this data, the suitability of kojic acid as a possible analytical reagent for the determination of very small amounts of cadmium in water using ultraviolet absorption methods is discussed. Kojic acid is found to be not suitable for analysis of cadmium using ultraviolet absorption methods.