Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Testing The Ciprofloxacin And Erythromycin Antibiotics Potency Against E. Coli Bacteria Isolated From Pregnant Women With Urinary Tract Infections, Khetam Ibrahim Almhanna

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The current study included collecting data on pregnant women who suffer from urinary tract infections by 70 patients from the Women's and Children's Teaching Hospital in the city of Al-Diwaniyah The distribution of the severity of the injury for the studied cases was divided into four severity cases (mild +, moderate ++, severe +++, and very severe ++++). The most cases admitted to the hospital were from the severity ( +), and the least was(++++). As for the frequency of urinary tract infections in women before pregnancy, the results showed that 22 (31.43 %) of the investigated cases had urinary …

Removal Of Pb(Ii) And Cu(Ii) From Water Using Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Extract Plant (Albizia Odoratissima), Mohammed Khlaif Challab

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

This work concerns the research on the use of silver nanoparticles prepared using extract plant “Albizia odoratissima” as a highly active and economical adsorbent for the removal of Pb+2 & Cu+2 ions from their aqueous solutions. The)AgNPs(are produced using a green, environmentally friendly, non-toxic method that does not use harmful chemicals substances using a plant extract as a reducing agent. The)AgNPs(checked is characterized using " Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR)". The results showed that the equilibrium time of adsorption was 40 minutes, at pH=8, pH=6 for Pb+2 & Cu+2, respectively and at the temperature (30 …

Preliminary Phytochemistry, In-Vitro Antioxidant And Reducing Effect Of Intraocular Pressure Of Pleurotus Tuber-Regium (Fr) Sing Using Animal Model, Stella Ejuvwevwokoghene Odjimogho, Faustina K. Idu, Macdonald Idu, Sunny Emoefe Odjimogho, Ann Theresa Akaeze, Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

This study investigate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals, antioxidant screening, and the reducing effect of intraocular pressure of P. tuber-regium aqueous extract in rabbits. Standard protocols were used to analyze the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical, in-vitro antioxidant studies ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were also used to assess these plants. Thirty (30) New Zealand male rabbits were randomly selected for this study. The whole group except normal control were induced with 1% Prednisolone acetate suspension for 3 days to obtain the baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) >5-10 mm Hg, afterward treated with a graded …

Large-Small Quasi-Dedekind Modules, Amira A. Abduljaleel

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Let R be a ring with identity. An R module W is called small quasi-Dedekind, (small quasi-D) if for each homomorphism h such that h is nonzero, then kerh is small in W. In this paper we introduce a new concept called Large- small quasi-Dedekind (L-small quasi-D) module which is a generalization of small quasi-Dedekind module.

Phytochemicals, Nutritional And Antibacterial Evaluation Of A Domestic Plant –Tetradenia Riparia, Akens Hamilton-Amachree, Dorcas A. Fadare, Ngozi M. Uzoekwe, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Medicinal plants have been established to be endowed by nature as sources of phytochemicals employed in the treatment and management of various health disorders. Preliminary phytochemical composition and mineral content of Tetradenia riparia leaf was analyzed, using standard procedures. The radical scavenging ability of the methanol extract was determined using the DPPH assay. Flavonoids, phenols and tannins were detected in abundance in the phytochemical analysis. At 500 μg/mL, it had percentage inhibition of 68% when compared with ascorbic acid, the standard reference drug which was 85%. Antibacterial investigation of both the dry and wet leaf extracts in ethanol and water …

A Comparative Study Of Interleukin 1beta (Il-1 Β) Levels In Pulmonary And Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Among Iraqi Population, Bilal Khaleel, Huda Rafaa, Ahmed Asmar

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Background: The immune response to tuberculosis infection involves the activation of many immune cells and the production of cytokines such as IL-1β. IL-1β is thought to be crucial for the immune system's reaction to TB. Production of IL-1β from infected lung cells by M. tuberculosis draws and activates immune cells including macrophages and T cells to the infection location. Then, these immune cells go to work containing and getting rid of the germs.

Aim of the study: To assess the impact of Interleukin 1beta (IL-1β) in Iraqi patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Patients and methods: The patient’s group includes …

Legendre Collocatıon For Sıx Order Boundary Value Problems, Taiye Oyedepo, Abayomi Ayotunde Ayoade, Ganiyu Ajileye, Rajiniganth Pandurangan

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The study aims to employ Legendre polynomials as basis functions for numerically solving six-order Boundary Value Problems (BVPs). Through the utilization of collocation points, the method transforms the differential problem into a system of algebraic equations, subsequently solved through matrix inversion. The research delves into the convergence and error analysis of this technique and validates its effectiveness through discussion of three test problems. The proposed approach provides highly accurate results, closely approximating the exact solution. The study illustrates its precision and efficacy through tables and figures, showcasing its superiority over other methods discussed in the literature.

Epidemiological And Frequency Rate Of Toxoplasma Gondii In Arthritis Patient's, Zahraa Hamed Jayesh, Ali Bustan Mohsen Al-Waaly

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The present study has been designed to Determining the prevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. All samples of the experiment were taken from cephalic vein in non-heparinized tubes, at the conclusion of each treated and control period, all samples collection from Al-Dewaniyah Hospital, and from clinical private from July-2022 to Feb. 2023. The experiment was designed and divided into two groups, a group of healthy people and a group of people infected with rheumatoid arthritis with infection with Toxoplasma gondii. 1. Healthy group: 100 samples from peoples without any disease or treatment. 2. Patients …

Stopping Power And Range Calculations Of Electrons Interaction With C2 H4, C6 H6 And Ch3cho, Abrar Taha, Rashid O Kadhim

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The Bethe equation was utilized to ascertain the stopping power, range, and stopping duration of electrons in compounds (C2 H4,C6 H6, and CH3CHO) with energies ranging from 0.01 to 1000 MeV. The software MATLAB was utilized in the computation of the results. An equation that exhibited compatibility was identified. A correlation coefficient of 0.999 was calculated, suggesting a strong accord between the obtained results and the outcomes of the E-STAR and SRIM2013 programs. The aim of this manuscript is to present up-to-date mass SPE data, focusing specifically on the characteristics of electron beam therapy (EBT), a technique that directs electrons …

The Impact Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury On The Serum Level Of Some Biochemical Markers Associated With Cartilage Turnover, Ahmed J. Al. Hamdaw, Ajil A. Alzamily, Ishan Abdul Abbas Al Salman

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament injury patients' (ACL), meniscus, and collateral ligament tears are typical knee injuries. These injuries cause knee osteoarthritis and impede exercise. Knee stability comes from the ACL. Thrust or pace changes in sports may harm healthy young knees. Injuries primarily affect knee mobility and stability. The structural and functional changes in anterior cruciate ligament injury and rehabilitation are assessed using MRI and approved clinical imaging. Vital signs and an MRI may assess tissue inflammation and healing before and after surgery.

Objective: The study aimed to examine if IL-6 and IL-13 levels could be associated with the risk …

An Enhanced Newton-Kantorovich Technique For Nonlinear Problem-Solvers To Optimal Control Convergence, Rasha A.Isewid

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The aforementioned study aims to tackle the shortcomings of current methods to solve Banach space-valued problems in nonlinear functional modeling using the Newton-Kantorovich technique. By increasing the convergent area, delivering smaller error limitations, supplying weaker adequate semi-local convergence standards, and supplying accurate data on the solution's position, the investigations seek for improvements on previous findings.

The aim of this research is optimal control issues, and its proposed method seeks to accomplish these gains not the need for more requirements. Additionally, the investigation indicates that additional iterative techniques can be extended along the same path using this strategy.

Numeric tests that …

Molecular Study Of Escherichia Coli Bacteria Isolated From Stool Samples Of Children Less Than 5 Years Old In Anbar Governorate, Fatima Sabri Al-Omar, Saad T. Mutlk

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Objectives: Diarrhea is the leading infectious cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Among bacterial agents, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is the major causal agent of childhood diarrhea in developing countries, particularly in children under the age of 5 years. Here, we performed a hospital-based prospective study to explore the pathotype distribution, epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of DEC from < 5-year-old diarrheal children.

Methods: Stool samples were collected for 100 children suffering from gastroenteritis, and the bacterial species infecting the children were diagnosed using the Vitek2 compact system, sensitivity test, DNA extracted and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed , in …

Opacities Of S-Type Stars: The Singlet B¹⊓−X¹Σ⁺, B¹⊓−A¹Δ, And C¹Σ⁺−X¹Σ⁺ Band Systems Of Zro, Peter F. Bernath, Manish Bhusal, Jacques Liévin

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The ZrO B¹Π–X¹Σ⁺, B¹Π–A¹Δ, and C¹Σ+–X¹Σ⁺ band systems are important opacity sources in the near-infrared and optical spectra of S-type stars. A total of 21 rovibronic bands with v'' ≤ 7 and v' ⩽ 5 were observed and fit for the B¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ transition, five bands for the ⁹⁰ZrO B¹Π–A¹Δ transition and one band for the ⁹⁰ZrO C¹Σ⁺–X¹Σ⁺ transition. All band …

Comparison Between Two Global Models Approaches For He + H2o Atmospheric Pressure Radio-Frequency Capacitive Discharges, Osama Ahmed Shabaek, Farouk Fahmi Elakshar, Osama Mohamed Yassin

Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science

In the present paper, we have proposed a chemical kinetic global model to simulate discharge systems with He, working gas, in the existence of different humidity levels. Comparing model results and simulation and experiment in literature establishes satisfaction of model results in qualitative and quantitative levels. The effect of varying model input parameters on densities of OH, H2O2, and HO2 has been investigated. Rising input power increases the yield of the system but raising it over 2W has a minor benefit. Keeping the gas temperature at 300 K has a negligible effect on yield of OH and H2O2 and small …

Supply And Consumption Of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus Across The Subtropical Indian Ocean, Corinne Richard

Honors Theses and Capstones

The Indian Ocean is an understudied region for marine phosphorus (P) biogeochemistry. Emerging evidence indicates marine phytoplankton can adapt to decreasing supplies of inorganic P, a required nutrient for growth, by alternatively utilizing organic forms of P. Here we investigate the dissolved organic phosphorus concentration ([DOP]) distribution across the southern Indian Ocean using observations collected on the I05 US GO-SHIP Cruise (2023) across ~33ºS latitude. We quantify the longitudinal variability of [DOP] in the upper 350 m of the Indian Ocean and infer its rate of biological consumption from surface waters, contributing as an organic nutrient to sustain marine autotrophs …

The Surface Chemistry And Binding Interactions Of Lignin With Polymer-Encapsulated Gold Nanoparticles Acting As Model Microplastics, Oluwaseun Ayodeji Akinsola

All Master's Theses

This study investigates the surface chemistry and molecular-level interactions between lignin, a special type of natural organic matter, and polymer-capped gold nanoparticles, shedding light on the strength of adsorption between lignin and nanoscale polymer surfaces. Specifically, the study presents a variety of nanoscale polymer surfaces displaying different charged functional groups, using layer-by-layer assembly of three polyelectrolytes (polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH)), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC)) on 90 nm citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This approach provides a library of polymer-encapsulated AuNPs for investigating the binding interactions of lignin to nanoscale polymers via spectroscopic techniques. ζ-potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), …

Investigating The Effect Of Relative Humidity On Organic New Particle Formation From The Dark Ozonolysis Of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds, Austin Callum Flueckiger

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Solid or liquid particulate matter suspended in the air, also known as atmospheric aerosols, are a ubiquitous component of Earth’s atmosphere. It is important to understand the chemical and physical processes that lead to the formation of these aerosols as they have an impact on climate health and human health. An important subset of atmospheric aerosols are secondary organic aerosols (SOA) that form from the gas-phase oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs can be emitted via biogenic and anthropogenic pathways, however, global estimates place biogenic sources as the major contributor. Although widely studied, some of the fundamental mechanisms that …

Gas Evolution Of A Nickel-Zinc Cell, Niklas Landgraf

MSU Graduate Theses

Batteries are a foundational technology in some of the industries most essential to humanity. Often, their advancement to achieve better performance impacts human lives positively. There are a wide variety of battery chemistries that have been utilized, and the differences in their properties have caused them to be used in many distinct niche applications. Nickel-Zinc (NiZn) batteries are desirable because of their recyclable materials, high cell voltage, and high cycle-life. However, it experiences undesirable shape-change of its electrode materials and gas production due to the electrolysis of the aqueous electrolyte. These can lead to a decrease in capacity over many …

Molecular Understanding And Design Of Deep Eutectic Solvents And Proteins Using Computer Simulations And Machine Learning, Usman Lame Abbas

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as excellent extractants. A major challenge is the lack of an efficient tool to discover DES candidates. Currently, the search relies heavily on the researchers’ intuition or a trial-and-error process, which leads to a low success rate or bypassing of promising candidates. DES performance depends on the heterogeneous hydrogen bond environment formed by multiple hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. Understanding this heterogeneous hydrogen bond environment can help develop principles for designing high performance DESs for extraction and other separation applications. This work investigates the structure and dynamics of hydrogen bonds in hydrophobic DESs …

Understanding Of Processing Additives Influence In Tin Halide Perovskites: Chemistry, Defect, And Photovoltaic Performance, Syed Rahmath Ullah Joy

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Metal halide perovskite semiconductors have attracted much interest for various applications, such as solar cells, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers, due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. Photovoltaic cell development is centered on Pb-based perovskites, which have equal photovoltaic performance compared to the traditional silicon photovoltaic. But concerns arising from the usage of toxic lead metal have motivated the research community to seek an alternative derivative. Among those, tin halide perovskites show much promise as an alternative to Pb-counterparts due to their ideal bandgap for single junction photovoltaics and similar optoelectronic properties to Pb perovskites. Nevertheless, tin perovskites suffer from …

Validating Machine And Human Decision-Making In Forensic Fire Debris Analysis, Frances A. Whitehead

Graduate Thesis and Dissertation 2023-2024

This work presents a background on the chemical complexity of fire debris analysis, including an ever-present matrix of pyrolysis products as the catalyst that led to the creation of the National Center for Forensic Science's Fire Debris Database. A selection of these 1,000+ casework-relevant ground truth samples was used to create two newly proposed analyst workflows to connect the current method of categorical reporting with evaluative reporting practices reflective of the strength of the evidence. Both workflows use linear sequential unmasking to help mitigate bias, a discrete scoring system for quantification of the analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves …

Polar Stacking Of Dipole Parallel-Aligned Monolayers Of Unsymmetrical 1,4-Diphenyl-1,3-Butadienes Creates Nonlinear Optical Materials: Insights From Experiments Guide Structure Assignments, Harmeet Bhoday, Justin Nulsen, Steven P. Kelley, Rainer Glaser

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A series of 1-(4′-halophenyl)-4-(4″-methoxyphenyl) buta-1,3-dienes, (H, MeO, Y)-1,4-diphenylbutadienes with halogens Y = F (1), Cl (2), Br (3), and I (4) are described. Crystal structure analysis establishes that 1-4 present a new class of highly dipole parallel-aligned polar organic molecular materials for nonlinear optics (NLO). Building on previous studies of polar crystals of unsymmetrical acetophenone azines, (R, X, Y)-azines, X-Ph-CR═N-N═CR-Ph-Y (R = Me; X = R'O, PhO, R'OPh; Y = F, Cl, Br, I), we suspected that the all-carbon analogs (R, R'O, Y)-1,4-diphenylbutadienes, R'O-Ph-CR═CH-CH═CR-Ph-Y, could crystallize with polar lattices and feature stronger NLO effects because of their improved conjugation and …

The Effect Of Nanomorphology As Quantified Via The K-Index On The Drug Delivery Properties Of Isocyanate-Derived Aerogels, Stephen Y. Owusu, A. B.M.Shaheen Ud Doulah, Vaibhav A. Edlabadkar, Kamden J. George, Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study explores the potential to predict the drug-loading and release profiles of aerogels based on their morphologies: a milestone in drug delivery research, which can help save time and cost in formulating new aerogel drug carriers and cut-down evaluation of the drug delivery capabilities of aerogels to a few experimental runs. Polyurea (PUA) and poly(isocyanurate-urethane) (PIR-PUR) aerogels were used as model systems, while 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and paracetamol (PM) were used as model drugs. These model systems were chosen because they can be synthesized into different morphologies, which can be quantified by the so-called K-index (water contact angle divided by …

Enzymatic Degradation Of Plastic Waste: A Review Of Microbial Strategies And Future Perspectives, David Gonçalves

Seton Hall Biochemistry II Annals of Student Reviews

It is said that humans generate 2.01 billion tons of municipal waste every year and this number is projected to explode to a massive 3.40 billion tons annually by the year 2050 (Ellis, 2018). This increase in waste production perfectly underscores a growing reliance on materials that persist in ecosystems long-term. This contamination, generated from large-scale industrial practices to doing your laundry at home, is best exemplified by the proliferation of microplastics throughout the environment.

What are microplastics? The first documented use of the term microplastics can be traced to a 1990 publication in the South African Journal of Science …

Physical, Chemical, And Biological Methods Of Large-Scale Water Decontamination, Belmin Kolenovic

Seton Hall Biochemistry II Annals of Student Reviews

Considering water is the solvent of life, there is a lack of attention to what is added to it and how it impacts not only the environment but also society at large. In recent years, public scrutiny of the actions of individuals and industries concerning their negative actions on the environment has increased. General trends have seen a shift toward reusability and the reduction of pollutants. Examples include the use of reusable water bottles and the shift to biodegradable straws and paper cups. A plastic bottle casually floating atop a river is easily noticeable as a form of pollution but …

Note From The Editor, Gregory Wiedman

Seton Hall Biochemistry II Annals of Student Reviews

No abstract provided.

Chemical Synthesis Of Sensitive Dna, Komal Chillar

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Over the past decades, researchers have tried various chemical methods to synthesize modified oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs, i.e. short segments of DNAs). Traditional ODN synthesis methods require strong basic, and nucleophilic conditions for the deprotection and cleavage of the ODN from the solid support. However, the sensitive ODNs containing labile functionalities are vulnerable to such harsh conditions. Sensitive ODNs have a wide range of applications in research and pharmaceuticals. To synthesize sensitive ODNs, researchers devised different strategies but no practical methods have been developed. To overcome these challenges, we developed alkyl Dim alkyl Dmoc technology. This innovative technology uses weakly basic and …

Cumulative Distribution Function And Spatially Resolved Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy For The Quantitative Analysis Of Emtricitabine, Jana Hrncirova, Marguerite R. Butler, Sucharita Dutta, Meredith R. Clark, John B. Cooper

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has exceptional analytical sensitivity and selectivity. However, SERS irreproducibility presents an obstacle when using it for precise quantitative measurements. In this study, colloidal nanoparticles evaporated to dryness are used as a SERS active surface for the detection of the HIV drug emtricitabine (FTC; trade name Emtriva). Despite the irreproducibility of the SERS resulting from the stochastic process of evaporation, using a SERS scanning instrument, the SERS enhancement factors of spatially resolved spectra have a well-defined distribution of signals for a given analyte concentration. This distribution follows a power law function ranging from weak (very abundant signals) …

Investigation Of Deoxyfluorination Of Alkyl Alcohols Using Pentafluoropyridines Through A Covalent Intermediate, Christopher Allen Bias

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Organofluorines are an omnipresent class of organic molecules, especially in pharmaceuticals. Selective fluorination of drug molecules allows for the influence of properties including metabolic activity, solubility, and intrinsic potency. Deoxyfluorinations are typically performed via generation of nucleophilic fluoride from a deoxyfluorination agent. Traditionally, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) is the reagent of choice for these reactions, and it remains a popular reagent today. However, it has a propensity to form elimination side products and explode. Several research groups have recently developed new classes of deoxyfluorination agents including imidazole-based reagents (PhenoFluor) and sulfonyl fluorides (PyFluor) that exhibit better functional group tolerance and much …

Potentially Massive And Global Non-Pyrogenic Production Of Condensed "Black" Carbon Through Biomass Oxidation, Aleksandar I. Goranov, Hongmei Chen, Jianshu Duan, Satish C. B. Myneni, Patrick G. Hatcher

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

With the increased occurrences of wildfires worldwide, there has been an increase in scientific interest surrounding the chemistry of fire-derived "black" carbon (BC). Traditionally, wildfire research has assumed that condensed aromatic carbon (ConAC) is exclusively produced via combustion, and thus, ConAC is equated to BC. However, the lack of correlations between ConAC in soils or rivers and wildfire history suggests that ConAC may be produced non-pyrogenically. Here, we show quantitative evidence that this occurs during the oxidation of biomass with environmentally ubiquitous hydroxyl radicals. Pine wood boards exposed to iron nails and natural weather conditions for 12 years yielded a …